Smooth bromegrass seedlings derived from individual plants were evaluated for stand :and vigor in three trials in the greenhouse and one trial in the field. The results were as follows : 1. Progenies from single plants differed significantly in seedling vigor and stand, with some superior to commercial varieties. 2. Progenies superior in one trial tended to be better in others, although exceptions occurred. 3. Top weight of seedlings was sampled in one experiment, and this measure of 'seedling vigor was correlated highly with early vigor and final plant height. 4. Seed weight was correlated positively and significantly with seedling vigor but was not associated with stand. 5. Some differences in seedling characteristics occurred when 1958 and 1959 seed lots from the same plant were compared. Seedlings originating from the seed grown in 1959 were generally superior in vigor. 6. Variation ascribed to replication was highly significant in the fleld experiment but was important in only one of three greenhouse experiments.
{"title":"Seedling Characteristics of Single Plant Progenies of Smooth Bromegrass : Bromus inermis LEYSS","authors":"Y. Maki","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.15.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.15.73","url":null,"abstract":"Smooth bromegrass seedlings derived from individual plants were evaluated for stand :and vigor in three trials in the greenhouse and one trial in the field. The results were as follows : 1. Progenies from single plants differed significantly in seedling vigor and stand, with some superior to commercial varieties. 2. Progenies superior in one trial tended to be better in others, although exceptions occurred. 3. Top weight of seedlings was sampled in one experiment, and this measure of 'seedling vigor was correlated highly with early vigor and final plant height. 4. Seed weight was correlated positively and significantly with seedling vigor but was not associated with stand. 5. Some differences in seedling characteristics occurred when 1958 and 1959 seed lots from the same plant were compared. Seedlings originating from the seed grown in 1959 were generally superior in vigor. 6. Variation ascribed to replication was highly significant in the fleld experiment but was important in only one of three greenhouse experiments.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122526181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1964-09-25DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.14.166
Y. Futsuhara, Kunio TORlYAMA
Cold resistance in rice plants shows high correlation with cold water tolerance, so the cold water irrigation method has been used for the testing method of cold resistance. This cold water irrigation method takes a long irrigating period from transplanting to maturing, and requires too large a plot size for accurate evaluation for testing a number of lines at the same, time. So this investigation was conducted to establish some efficient method for accurate testing on the cold resistance of a number of bred lines. The newly devised methods are as follows. For keeping the effect of cold water in the paddy field as homogeneous as possible, the cold water irrigation was practised only at night time, from the premordia stage of the early varieties to the starting time of the heading of the late varieties, and the inlets and outlets of the water were interchanged in every seven or eight days. Owing to this testing method, the distribution of water temperature was highly hornogenized in the field (Fig. 2), and so the uniformity of the sterility occurrence could be kept at a high level.
{"title":"Studies on the testing methods of cold resistance in rice.","authors":"Y. Futsuhara, Kunio TORlYAMA","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.14.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.14.166","url":null,"abstract":"Cold resistance in rice plants shows high correlation with cold water tolerance, so the cold water irrigation method has been used for the testing method of cold resistance. This cold water irrigation method takes a long irrigating period from transplanting to maturing, and requires too large a plot size for accurate evaluation for testing a number of lines at the same, time. So this investigation was conducted to establish some efficient method for accurate testing on the cold resistance of a number of bred lines. The newly devised methods are as follows. For keeping the effect of cold water in the paddy field as homogeneous as possible, the cold water irrigation was practised only at night time, from the premordia stage of the early varieties to the starting time of the heading of the late varieties, and the inlets and outlets of the water were interchanged in every seven or eight days. Owing to this testing method, the distribution of water temperature was highly hornogenized in the field (Fig. 2), and so the uniformity of the sterility occurrence could be kept at a high level.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124008781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1963-12-25DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.211
G. Takeda, Masujiro Kan
The methods of mutation breeding were applied on six rowved barly in three ways. The dormant seeds were treated with 15 Kr of X-rays. Method A : After 3 ears were havested from each X1 Plant and one grain was removed from each ear, these grains were planted in bulk at X2 Mlethod B : After one ear was harvested from each Xl plant, the grains were planted separately as ear progenies at X2Method C : After 3 ears were harvested from each Xi Plant, the grains were planted separately as plant progenies at X2 Method A was compared with B and C. The eharacters mainly analyzed were earliness and stems;shortness. The selection of such aberrants was carried out in X2 (Table 1), and these were confirmed as mutants in X3 (Tables 2 and 3) . In the case of method A-ll (Table 1), selection was made by measuring stem length at X2 generation. In the case of other methods, selection was made by observation. 1) By using method A, the mutant types found n X2 Were more frequently observed compared with the other two methods and the mutant much deviated from the parent type were involved.This result was compatible with the theoretical consideration of YOSHIDA (1962). 2) Much better selection of short stem mutants was made in X2 by method A (I+II) than by methods B and C. This result demonstrates that the individual selection using this measurement was made much better than the pedigree selectian through observation.
{"title":"Studies on the procedure of mutation breeding with, six-rowed barley. : I. The methods of procedure in X1 and X2 generations.","authors":"G. Takeda, Masujiro Kan","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.211","url":null,"abstract":"The methods of mutation breeding were applied on six rowved barly in three ways. The dormant seeds were treated with 15 Kr of X-rays. Method A : After 3 ears were havested from each X1 Plant and one grain was removed from each ear, these grains were planted in bulk at X2 Mlethod B : After one ear was harvested from each Xl plant, the grains were planted separately as ear progenies at X2Method C : After 3 ears were harvested from each Xi Plant, the grains were planted separately as plant progenies at X2 Method A was compared with B and C. The eharacters mainly analyzed were earliness and stems;shortness. The selection of such aberrants was carried out in X2 (Table 1), and these were confirmed as mutants in X3 (Tables 2 and 3) . In the case of method A-ll (Table 1), selection was made by measuring stem length at X2 generation. In the case of other methods, selection was made by observation. 1) By using method A, the mutant types found n X2 Were more frequently observed compared with the other two methods and the mutant much deviated from the parent type were involved.This result was compatible with the theoretical consideration of YOSHIDA (1962). 2) Much better selection of short stem mutants was made in X2 by method A (I+II) than by methods B and C. This result demonstrates that the individual selection using this measurement was made much better than the pedigree selectian through observation.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1963-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124687400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the species crosses of C. papo var. "Nishikikanro" as pistillate parents, cross-com-patibility of C. Ieeaxileea as a staminate parent is the highest in bud pollination at 7 a. m. of the day before anthesis (Cucurbita-crosses. XIII). As in the present articles, the results of crosses of C. pepo × C. moschata at different timcs demonstrate that only 4 a. m., crosses succeeded in the production of F1 plant.s. This may be due to high degree of both receptivity of C, papo and fertilization power of C. moschata. F1 hybrids were self-fertile and could be back-crossed to the parental species. The chromosome configuration at MI is 0.05 Iv+19.50 II+0.40 I per PMC. Seventy-three percent plates at MII receive a balanced number of chromosomes. Normal tetrads were 86.8% and fertile pollen grains, were 79.0% The characteristics of F1 plants were intermediate between those of their two parental species.
在木瓜的种交中。作为雌蕊亲本的“西菊”，在花前一天7点的花蕾授粉中，作为雄蕊亲本的西葫芦的杂交亲和性最高。如本文所述，在不同时间进行的山茱萸与山茱萸的杂交结果表明，只有在凌晨4点，杂交成功地产生了F1植株。这可能是由于对C、papo的接受度和施肥力都很高。F1杂交种具有自交性，可与亲本回交。染色体构型为0.05 Iv+19.50 II+0.40 I / PMC。在MII，百分之七十三的培养皿获得了平衡数量的染色体。正常四分体占86.8%，可育花粉粒占79.0%，其性状介于两亲本之间。
{"title":"Cucurbita-crosses. XV. Flower pollination at 4 a. m. in the production of C. pepo × C. moschata F1 hybrids.","authors":"H. Hayase","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.76","url":null,"abstract":"In the species crosses of C. papo var. \"Nishikikanro\" as pistillate parents, cross-com-patibility of C. Ieeaxileea as a staminate parent is the highest in bud pollination at 7 a. m. of the day before anthesis (Cucurbita-crosses. XIII). As in the present articles, the results of crosses of C. pepo × C. moschata at different timcs demonstrate that only 4 a. m., crosses succeeded in the production of F1 plant.s. This may be due to high degree of both receptivity of C, papo and fertilization power of C. moschata. F1 hybrids were self-fertile and could be back-crossed to the parental species. The chromosome configuration at MI is 0.05 Iv+19.50 II+0.40 I per PMC. Seventy-three percent plates at MII receive a balanced number of chromosomes. Normal tetrads were 86.8% and fertile pollen grains, were 79.0% The characteristics of F1 plants were intermediate between those of their two parental species.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1963-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129801199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-12-25DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.12.221
Hiroshi Ito, T. Akihama
In order to make it possible to identify rice varieties, some pigments in rice plants of 630 varieties collected from fifteen countries were observed. For the sake of this observation, the authors have adopted MUNSELL'S color system of which descriptions are considered to be properly objective than the ordinary system. The frequency of appearance of pigments in fourteen characteristics in rice plant is very high in the inner part of leaf sheath, internode, septum, apiculus and stigma at heading stage and in apiculus at maturity stage. Especially, the anthocyanin pigments are observed in all the characteristics in rice plants, while no other pigments are observed in all the characterstics except in the following fcur characteristics ; namely, septum and pulvinus or node at heading stage and apiculus, Iemma and, palea at maturity stage (Table 1). The symbolized color shown according to MUNSELL's 'color system for each charccteristic in rice plant shows a wide range in the hue, value and chroma for the characteristics of septum at heading stage, and apiculus and lemma or palea at maturity stage. The hue shown by MUNSELL'S color system in rice plant is expressed by RP, R, YR and Y, and the anthocyanin pigments are limited to RP (Table 2). In regard to anthocyanin pigments in characteristics of rice plant the data obtained show similiar tendencies to the previous reports (Fig. 1). Taking these results into consideration, only five charctersitics were finally selected for the purpose of the possible discrimination of rice varieties ; namely, innerpart of leaf sheath, septurn and apiculus at heading stage and apiculus, Iemma or palea at maturity stage. Besides MUNSELL'S color system, a method of showing color in numerals was adopted, and the classification of about half of the rice varieties having color pigments was accom-plished by this method (Table 3).
{"title":"An approach for the symbolization of colors in rice plant and its adoption for the classification of rice varieties","authors":"Hiroshi Ito, T. Akihama","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.12.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.12.221","url":null,"abstract":"In order to make it possible to identify rice varieties, some pigments in rice plants of 630 varieties collected from fifteen countries were observed. For the sake of this observation, the authors have adopted MUNSELL'S color system of which descriptions are considered to be properly objective than the ordinary system. The frequency of appearance of pigments in fourteen characteristics in rice plant is very high in the inner part of leaf sheath, internode, septum, apiculus and stigma at heading stage and in apiculus at maturity stage. Especially, the anthocyanin pigments are observed in all the characteristics in rice plants, while no other pigments are observed in all the characterstics except in the following fcur characteristics ; namely, septum and pulvinus or node at heading stage and apiculus, Iemma and, palea at maturity stage (Table 1). The symbolized color shown according to MUNSELL's 'color system for each charccteristic in rice plant shows a wide range in the hue, value and chroma for the characteristics of septum at heading stage, and apiculus and lemma or palea at maturity stage. The hue shown by MUNSELL'S color system in rice plant is expressed by RP, R, YR and Y, and the anthocyanin pigments are limited to RP (Table 2). In regard to anthocyanin pigments in characteristics of rice plant the data obtained show similiar tendencies to the previous reports (Fig. 1). Taking these results into consideration, only five charctersitics were finally selected for the purpose of the possible discrimination of rice varieties ; namely, innerpart of leaf sheath, septurn and apiculus at heading stage and apiculus, Iemma or palea at maturity stage. Besides MUNSELL'S color system, a method of showing color in numerals was adopted, and the classification of about half of the rice varieties having color pigments was accom-plished by this method (Table 3).","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124442336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1961-12-25DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.277
H. Hayase
{"title":"Cucurbita-crosses. XIII, Utilization of Bud Pollination in Obtaining Interspecific Hybrids of C. pepo × C. maxima","authors":"H. Hayase","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134415471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biometrical approaches to the method of plant breeding","authors":"K. Sakai","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128112555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lysenko's theory. It's trends and problems in Japan","authors":"S. Nishi","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.75","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130154052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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