Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532956
M. Lombe, N. S. Safadi, Chrisann Newransky
This study examines correlates of household welfare in female-headed households in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa – Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe – using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey (n = 3525). More specifically, we assess the role government interventions and informal assistance might play in predicting household welfare. The association between female headship of a household and aspirations for child future outcomes is also examined. Study findings suggest country variations in experiences of welfare and perception of child outcomes. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to both household welfare and perception of child outcomes. Practice and policy implications are suggested.
{"title":"Predictors of welfare and child outcomes in female-headed households in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"M. Lombe, N. S. Safadi, Chrisann Newransky","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532956","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines correlates of household welfare in female-headed households in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa – Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe – using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey (n = 3525). More specifically, we assess the role government interventions and informal assistance might play in predicting household welfare. The association between female headship of a household and aspirations for child future outcomes is also examined. Study findings suggest country variations in experiences of welfare and perception of child outcomes. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to both household welfare and perception of child outcomes. Practice and policy implications are suggested.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128461894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532978
M. Hossain
Bangladesh is a small poor country with a huge population. Unfortunately this poor country is probably the most disaster prone in the world. Rapid growth in population and a slow rate of growth of the economy have forced a substantial part of the ever-increasing population to settle in areas too risky for human habituation, such as in newly emerging chars. Thus a large number of new settlements in coastal areas, in char lands and old settlements situated near fluctuating rivers are all in constant threat of being removed away by the disasters such as cyclones, tidal surges and river bank erosion. Almost every year natural disasters occur in Bangladesh and have created a vulnerable situation for our community people. It is well known to all that nature is beyond the control of human beings. But the massive loss caused by disasters can be minimized by proper disaster management. For this reason, disaster management has become recognized as a discipline in the world. This paper discusses the theoretical aspects, stages, and approaches of disaster management, especially the regulatory framework and social work perspectives to disaster management in Bangladesh.
{"title":"Disaster management in Bangladesh: regulatory and social work perspectives","authors":"M. Hossain","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532978","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a small poor country with a huge population. Unfortunately this poor country is probably the most disaster prone in the world. Rapid growth in population and a slow rate of growth of the economy have forced a substantial part of the ever-increasing population to settle in areas too risky for human habituation, such as in newly emerging chars. Thus a large number of new settlements in coastal areas, in char lands and old settlements situated near fluctuating rivers are all in constant threat of being removed away by the disasters such as cyclones, tidal surges and river bank erosion. Almost every year natural disasters occur in Bangladesh and have created a vulnerable situation for our community people. It is well known to all that nature is beyond the control of human beings. But the massive loss caused by disasters can be minimized by proper disaster management. For this reason, disaster management has become recognized as a discipline in the world. This paper discusses the theoretical aspects, stages, and approaches of disaster management, especially the regulatory framework and social work perspectives to disaster management in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116835831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532945
W. Chou
Population ageing has become a major global issue and challenge in recent years. Taiwan is one of the rapidly ageing countries and is expected to enter the stage “aged society” by 2017. However, insufficient attention has been paid to challenges of population ageing in Taiwan. As a result, it is important for the Taiwanese government to take timely actions to adapt to population ageing. The objective of this article is to analyze the effects and implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan. In this study, the long-term trend and characteristics in population ageing and its implications and impacts on the productivity will be discussed, and the current existing policies will be provided. Finally, some policy recommendations will be proposed aiming at a more sustainable economy and a better society.
{"title":"Implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan","authors":"W. Chou","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532945","url":null,"abstract":"Population ageing has become a major global issue and challenge in recent years. Taiwan is one of the rapidly ageing countries and is expected to enter the stage “aged society” by 2017. However, insufficient attention has been paid to challenges of population ageing in Taiwan. As a result, it is important for the Taiwanese government to take timely actions to adapt to population ageing. The objective of this article is to analyze the effects and implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan. In this study, the long-term trend and characteristics in population ageing and its implications and impacts on the productivity will be discussed, and the current existing policies will be provided. Finally, some policy recommendations will be proposed aiming at a more sustainable economy and a better society.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133242214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532946
L. Thang
This paper examines the issues and challenges facing the productivity of an aging society in Singapore. While the older workforce is recognized as an increasingly essential labor supply in the era of rapid demographic aging, there are challenges to the employment of older workers, including employers’ negative stereotypes of older workers and concerns with labor productivity, as the current cohort of older workers in Singapore tends to be less educated, and many are employed in low-skilled jobs. The paper follows with a discussion of the measures adopted by the state to encourage, enable and enhance the employment/re-employment and productivity of older workers. Such measures include the enactment of re-employment legislation, training and financial grants for companies to put in place the re-employment policies, skills upgrading and work training programs to enhance employability of older workers and the promotion of age-friendly workplace. However, under the shadow of an inevitable decline in labor force, productivity growth has become more pertinent, thus an emphasis on innovation, the adoption of flexible work systems, an integrated management strategy catering to a multigenerational workforce and a rethink of the notions of retirement and productivity are necessary for a sustainable society and economy.
{"title":"Population aging, older workers and productivity issues: the case of Singapore","authors":"L. Thang","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532946","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the issues and challenges facing the productivity of an aging society in Singapore. While the older workforce is recognized as an increasingly essential labor supply in the era of rapid demographic aging, there are challenges to the employment of older workers, including employers’ negative stereotypes of older workers and concerns with labor productivity, as the current cohort of older workers in Singapore tends to be less educated, and many are employed in low-skilled jobs. The paper follows with a discussion of the measures adopted by the state to encourage, enable and enhance the employment/re-employment and productivity of older workers. Such measures include the enactment of re-employment legislation, training and financial grants for companies to put in place the re-employment policies, skills upgrading and work training programs to enhance employability of older workers and the promotion of age-friendly workplace. However, under the shadow of an inevitable decline in labor force, productivity growth has become more pertinent, thus an emphasis on innovation, the adoption of flexible work systems, an integrated management strategy catering to a multigenerational workforce and a rethink of the notions of retirement and productivity are necessary for a sustainable society and economy.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117090883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687634
B. Thyer
Although political conservatives outnumber moderates and liberals in the American populace, the conservative political ideology is largely absent from academic, practice and policy discourse within the social work and social welfare communities. This article describes a conservative perspective on the topic of social justice and illustrates how this view actually promotes a more socially just practice than a liberal orientation to practice and policy. Specific attention is given to the conservative perspective on the provision of social welfare programs, the use of the income tax as a means to redistribute wealth, on affirmative action, on the death penalty, and on abortion rights.
{"title":"Social justice: a conservative perspective","authors":"B. Thyer","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687634","url":null,"abstract":"Although political conservatives outnumber moderates and liberals in the American populace, the conservative political ideology is largely absent from academic, practice and policy discourse within the social work and social welfare communities. This article describes a conservative perspective on the topic of social justice and illustrates how this view actually promotes a more socially just practice than a liberal orientation to practice and policy. Specific attention is given to the conservative perspective on the provision of social welfare programs, the use of the income tax as a means to redistribute wealth, on affirmative action, on the death penalty, and on abortion rights.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130351557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687444
M. Lusk
International development theory and practice tend to emphasize the importance of optimizing development inputs such as capital, infrastructure, and expertise. Equally important in the success of development is the mitigation of counter-development forces such as corruption, rent-seeking, terrorism and organized crime. This article presents a development model that incorporates those forces that impede development.
{"title":"International social development and counter-development","authors":"M. Lusk","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687444","url":null,"abstract":"International development theory and practice tend to emphasize the importance of optimizing development inputs such as capital, infrastructure, and expertise. Equally important in the success of development is the mitigation of counter-development forces such as corruption, rent-seeking, terrorism and organized crime. This article presents a development model that incorporates those forces that impede development.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130834920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687451
J. Dixon
Brij Mohan's legacy to comparative social welfare is his centering of the person rather than social welfare institutions and programs. This follows his commitment to the principle that the public social welfare provision should always seek to improve the existential human condition. The existential humanist proposition is that, in a very real sense, public social welfare provision impacts on the way welfare recipients think about themselves and others, behave, and socially interact, and thus impacts on their capacity and motivation to begin or further their search for their authentic selves (for self-actualization). Indeed, the cognitive and behavioral changes induced by public social welfare provision are the causal link between that provision and the observed levels of poverty, deprivation, income inequality, social exclusion, and quality of life. This neglected social welfare perspective creates daunting challenges for comparative social welfare scholars.
{"title":"Comparative social welfare: the existential humanist perspective and challenge","authors":"J. Dixon","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687451","url":null,"abstract":"Brij Mohan's legacy to comparative social welfare is his centering of the person rather than social welfare institutions and programs. This follows his commitment to the principle that the public social welfare provision should always seek to improve the existential human condition. The existential humanist proposition is that, in a very real sense, public social welfare provision impacts on the way welfare recipients think about themselves and others, behave, and socially interact, and thus impacts on their capacity and motivation to begin or further their search for their authentic selves (for self-actualization). Indeed, the cognitive and behavioral changes induced by public social welfare provision are the causal link between that provision and the observed levels of poverty, deprivation, income inequality, social exclusion, and quality of life. This neglected social welfare perspective creates daunting challenges for comparative social welfare scholars.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124264655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687659
K. S. Soodan, U. Srivastava
The twenty-first-century social work has to be different than what it has been in the twentieth one. In a fast-changing world, professions that can’t adapt will perish. Social work is a very popula...
{"title":"For the record: 10 questions for Brij Mohan","authors":"K. S. Soodan, U. Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687659","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first-century social work has to be different than what it has been in the twentieth one. In a fast-changing world, professions that can’t adapt will perish. Social work is a very popula...","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116789998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687386
C. Aspalter
This article is written in honor of Brij Mohan and his lifetime achievement as an outstanding social scientist. Touching upon the life experience of Brij Mohan, this article discusses the advancement of an increasingly important part of sciences, i.e. social science, by highlighting key concepts in theory-building and refering to the interface of philosophy and social science, which is an area of scientific enterprise where Brij Mohan has left probably his largest footprints on the pages of the history of science. The article puts forward a very optimistic role of all sciences for the advancement of human kind, including solving the conundrums they created in the first place.
{"title":"In scientia veritas et spero","authors":"C. Aspalter","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687386","url":null,"abstract":"This article is written in honor of Brij Mohan and his lifetime achievement as an outstanding social scientist. Touching upon the life experience of Brij Mohan, this article discusses the advancement of an increasingly important part of sciences, i.e. social science, by highlighting key concepts in theory-building and refering to the interface of philosophy and social science, which is an area of scientific enterprise where Brij Mohan has left probably his largest footprints on the pages of the history of science. The article puts forward a very optimistic role of all sciences for the advancement of human kind, including solving the conundrums they created in the first place.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122623485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687618
S. Jain, V. Singh
Fundamental to social development, justice and welfare is water – Mohan paraphrases it as mother Earth's milk. Water crisis, which denotes the overall scarcity of good-quality water, is on the increase in most places in the world. This is happening because the population and economies are growing. Further exacerbating the crisis is the deteriorating water quality. A multipronged approach involving all sections of the society in all countries – developed, underdeveloped or developing – is urgently needed to find a lasting solution.
{"title":"Water crisis","authors":"S. Jain, V. Singh","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687618","url":null,"abstract":"Fundamental to social development, justice and welfare is water – Mohan paraphrases it as mother Earth's milk. Water crisis, which denotes the overall scarcity of good-quality water, is on the increase in most places in the world. This is happening because the population and economies are growing. Further exacerbating the crisis is the deteriorating water quality. A multipronged approach involving all sections of the society in all countries – developed, underdeveloped or developing – is urgently needed to find a lasting solution.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"34 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120979335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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