Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532956
M. Lombe, N. S. Safadi, Chrisann Newransky
This study examines correlates of household welfare in female-headed households in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa – Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe – using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey (n = 3525). More specifically, we assess the role government interventions and informal assistance might play in predicting household welfare. The association between female headship of a household and aspirations for child future outcomes is also examined. Study findings suggest country variations in experiences of welfare and perception of child outcomes. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to both household welfare and perception of child outcomes. Practice and policy implications are suggested.
{"title":"Predictors of welfare and child outcomes in female-headed households in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"M. Lombe, N. S. Safadi, Chrisann Newransky","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532956","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines correlates of household welfare in female-headed households in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa – Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe – using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey (n = 3525). More specifically, we assess the role government interventions and informal assistance might play in predicting household welfare. The association between female headship of a household and aspirations for child future outcomes is also examined. Study findings suggest country variations in experiences of welfare and perception of child outcomes. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to both household welfare and perception of child outcomes. Practice and policy implications are suggested.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128461894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532978
M. Hossain
Bangladesh is a small poor country with a huge population. Unfortunately this poor country is probably the most disaster prone in the world. Rapid growth in population and a slow rate of growth of the economy have forced a substantial part of the ever-increasing population to settle in areas too risky for human habituation, such as in newly emerging chars. Thus a large number of new settlements in coastal areas, in char lands and old settlements situated near fluctuating rivers are all in constant threat of being removed away by the disasters such as cyclones, tidal surges and river bank erosion. Almost every year natural disasters occur in Bangladesh and have created a vulnerable situation for our community people. It is well known to all that nature is beyond the control of human beings. But the massive loss caused by disasters can be minimized by proper disaster management. For this reason, disaster management has become recognized as a discipline in the world. This paper discusses the theoretical aspects, stages, and approaches of disaster management, especially the regulatory framework and social work perspectives to disaster management in Bangladesh.
{"title":"Disaster management in Bangladesh: regulatory and social work perspectives","authors":"M. Hossain","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532978","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a small poor country with a huge population. Unfortunately this poor country is probably the most disaster prone in the world. Rapid growth in population and a slow rate of growth of the economy have forced a substantial part of the ever-increasing population to settle in areas too risky for human habituation, such as in newly emerging chars. Thus a large number of new settlements in coastal areas, in char lands and old settlements situated near fluctuating rivers are all in constant threat of being removed away by the disasters such as cyclones, tidal surges and river bank erosion. Almost every year natural disasters occur in Bangladesh and have created a vulnerable situation for our community people. It is well known to all that nature is beyond the control of human beings. But the massive loss caused by disasters can be minimized by proper disaster management. For this reason, disaster management has become recognized as a discipline in the world. This paper discusses the theoretical aspects, stages, and approaches of disaster management, especially the regulatory framework and social work perspectives to disaster management in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116835831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532945
W. Chou
Population ageing has become a major global issue and challenge in recent years. Taiwan is one of the rapidly ageing countries and is expected to enter the stage “aged society” by 2017. However, insufficient attention has been paid to challenges of population ageing in Taiwan. As a result, it is important for the Taiwanese government to take timely actions to adapt to population ageing. The objective of this article is to analyze the effects and implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan. In this study, the long-term trend and characteristics in population ageing and its implications and impacts on the productivity will be discussed, and the current existing policies will be provided. Finally, some policy recommendations will be proposed aiming at a more sustainable economy and a better society.
{"title":"Implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan","authors":"W. Chou","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532945","url":null,"abstract":"Population ageing has become a major global issue and challenge in recent years. Taiwan is one of the rapidly ageing countries and is expected to enter the stage “aged society” by 2017. However, insufficient attention has been paid to challenges of population ageing in Taiwan. As a result, it is important for the Taiwanese government to take timely actions to adapt to population ageing. The objective of this article is to analyze the effects and implications of population ageing on the labor market and productivity in Taiwan. In this study, the long-term trend and characteristics in population ageing and its implications and impacts on the productivity will be discussed, and the current existing policies will be provided. Finally, some policy recommendations will be proposed aiming at a more sustainable economy and a better society.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133242214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831.2011.532946
L. Thang
This paper examines the issues and challenges facing the productivity of an aging society in Singapore. While the older workforce is recognized as an increasingly essential labor supply in the era of rapid demographic aging, there are challenges to the employment of older workers, including employers’ negative stereotypes of older workers and concerns with labor productivity, as the current cohort of older workers in Singapore tends to be less educated, and many are employed in low-skilled jobs. The paper follows with a discussion of the measures adopted by the state to encourage, enable and enhance the employment/re-employment and productivity of older workers. Such measures include the enactment of re-employment legislation, training and financial grants for companies to put in place the re-employment policies, skills upgrading and work training programs to enhance employability of older workers and the promotion of age-friendly workplace. However, under the shadow of an inevitable decline in labor force, productivity growth has become more pertinent, thus an emphasis on innovation, the adoption of flexible work systems, an integrated management strategy catering to a multigenerational workforce and a rethink of the notions of retirement and productivity are necessary for a sustainable society and economy.
{"title":"Population aging, older workers and productivity issues: the case of Singapore","authors":"L. Thang","doi":"10.1080/17486831.2011.532946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831.2011.532946","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the issues and challenges facing the productivity of an aging society in Singapore. While the older workforce is recognized as an increasingly essential labor supply in the era of rapid demographic aging, there are challenges to the employment of older workers, including employers’ negative stereotypes of older workers and concerns with labor productivity, as the current cohort of older workers in Singapore tends to be less educated, and many are employed in low-skilled jobs. The paper follows with a discussion of the measures adopted by the state to encourage, enable and enhance the employment/re-employment and productivity of older workers. Such measures include the enactment of re-employment legislation, training and financial grants for companies to put in place the re-employment policies, skills upgrading and work training programs to enhance employability of older workers and the promotion of age-friendly workplace. However, under the shadow of an inevitable decline in labor force, productivity growth has become more pertinent, thus an emphasis on innovation, the adoption of flexible work systems, an integrated management strategy catering to a multigenerational workforce and a rethink of the notions of retirement and productivity are necessary for a sustainable society and economy.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117090883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687634
B. Thyer
Although political conservatives outnumber moderates and liberals in the American populace, the conservative political ideology is largely absent from academic, practice and policy discourse within the social work and social welfare communities. This article describes a conservative perspective on the topic of social justice and illustrates how this view actually promotes a more socially just practice than a liberal orientation to practice and policy. Specific attention is given to the conservative perspective on the provision of social welfare programs, the use of the income tax as a means to redistribute wealth, on affirmative action, on the death penalty, and on abortion rights.
{"title":"Social justice: a conservative perspective","authors":"B. Thyer","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687634","url":null,"abstract":"Although political conservatives outnumber moderates and liberals in the American populace, the conservative political ideology is largely absent from academic, practice and policy discourse within the social work and social welfare communities. This article describes a conservative perspective on the topic of social justice and illustrates how this view actually promotes a more socially just practice than a liberal orientation to practice and policy. Specific attention is given to the conservative perspective on the provision of social welfare programs, the use of the income tax as a means to redistribute wealth, on affirmative action, on the death penalty, and on abortion rights.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130351557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687444
M. Lusk
International development theory and practice tend to emphasize the importance of optimizing development inputs such as capital, infrastructure, and expertise. Equally important in the success of development is the mitigation of counter-development forces such as corruption, rent-seeking, terrorism and organized crime. This article presents a development model that incorporates those forces that impede development.
{"title":"International social development and counter-development","authors":"M. Lusk","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687444","url":null,"abstract":"International development theory and practice tend to emphasize the importance of optimizing development inputs such as capital, infrastructure, and expertise. Equally important in the success of development is the mitigation of counter-development forces such as corruption, rent-seeking, terrorism and organized crime. This article presents a development model that incorporates those forces that impede development.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130834920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687451
J. Dixon
Brij Mohan's legacy to comparative social welfare is his centering of the person rather than social welfare institutions and programs. This follows his commitment to the principle that the public social welfare provision should always seek to improve the existential human condition. The existential humanist proposition is that, in a very real sense, public social welfare provision impacts on the way welfare recipients think about themselves and others, behave, and socially interact, and thus impacts on their capacity and motivation to begin or further their search for their authentic selves (for self-actualization). Indeed, the cognitive and behavioral changes induced by public social welfare provision are the causal link between that provision and the observed levels of poverty, deprivation, income inequality, social exclusion, and quality of life. This neglected social welfare perspective creates daunting challenges for comparative social welfare scholars.
{"title":"Comparative social welfare: the existential humanist perspective and challenge","authors":"J. Dixon","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687451","url":null,"abstract":"Brij Mohan's legacy to comparative social welfare is his centering of the person rather than social welfare institutions and programs. This follows his commitment to the principle that the public social welfare provision should always seek to improve the existential human condition. The existential humanist proposition is that, in a very real sense, public social welfare provision impacts on the way welfare recipients think about themselves and others, behave, and socially interact, and thus impacts on their capacity and motivation to begin or further their search for their authentic selves (for self-actualization). Indeed, the cognitive and behavioral changes induced by public social welfare provision are the causal link between that provision and the observed levels of poverty, deprivation, income inequality, social exclusion, and quality of life. This neglected social welfare perspective creates daunting challenges for comparative social welfare scholars.","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124264655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687659
K. S. Soodan, U. Srivastava
The twenty-first-century social work has to be different than what it has been in the twentieth one. In a fast-changing world, professions that can’t adapt will perish. Social work is a very popula...
{"title":"For the record: 10 questions for Brij Mohan","authors":"K. S. Soodan, U. Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/17486831003687659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17486831003687659","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first-century social work has to be different than what it has been in the twentieth one. In a fast-changing world, professions that can’t adapt will perish. Social work is a very popula...","PeriodicalId":270572,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Social Welfare","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116789998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687352
Priscilla D. Allen
A philosopher by raw definition means one who has a love of wisdom. Dr Brij Mohan has often been termed a social work philosopher, as he, indeed, is one who seeks knowledge with a passion while pondering the meaning of life, and its varied manifestation as reflected in his complex interpretations of social phenomena. Brij has a deep passion for the love of knowledge and the philosophy of science. His writing is poetic and provocative in terms of turning phrases on their head and contemplating the meaning from the inside out. He takes on injustice head-on and bravely faces a landscape that few have ventured. He is a journeyman, a philosopher, a father, a husband, and a prolific and profound force in the social work world whose work literally bridges the late twentieth and twenty-first centuries. When I think about ‘‘Brij by himself’’, I think about all of the people he has influenced, the masses of students throughout his 35-year career, the international contacts that link continent to continent. I think about the paradox between a visible man and a prophetic and prolific writer and the solitude of someone whose mind never stops. I think of a man who takes each and every email as a vessel for further contemplation, who always responds to his friends with a personal greeting, and who remembers historical events with lessons for the present. I think of a man who loves Jean Paul Sartre and the existential reality, a man who has told me to endure, to hold on, and to remember that success is the best revenge. When one thinks of success, one is often reminded about resilience and the predilection to endure. Brij embodies these attributes. Part of Brij’s legacy is his predilection to counter internal and external politics and to endure and question power. Brij has outlived any other faculty at the School of Social Work by decades, has experienced more than eight deans at Louisiana State University (LSU) and has taught approximately one-half of all graduates since the beginning of his tenure. When I reflect on the topic ‘‘Brij by himself’’, I think of a man who has experienced challenges in a steadfast manner. I also think of his generosity. It is not often that someone shares so generously with so many, while putting himself out on a limb to protect his core values. Over the past nine years since I have worked with Brij, I have gained hundreds of insights into this man’s
简单地说，哲学家就是热爱智慧的人。莫汉博士经常被称为社会工作哲学家，因为他确实是一个充满激情地寻求知识的人，同时思考生命的意义，以及他对社会现象的复杂解释所反映的各种表现形式。Brij对知识和科学哲学有着深深的热爱。他的作品充满诗意和挑衅性，因为他会把短语颠倒过来，从里到外思考它的意义。他直面不公，勇敢地面对一个很少有人敢冒险的地方。他是一个熟手，一个哲学家，一个父亲，一个丈夫，在社会工作领域是一个多产而深刻的力量，他的工作实际上是20世纪末和21世纪的桥梁。当我想到“布里吉独自一人”时，我想到了他所影响的所有人，在他35年的职业生涯中，众多的学生，以及连接大陆与大陆的国际联系。我想到了一个可见的人与一个有预言和多产的作家之间的矛盾，以及一个思想从不停止的人的孤独。我认为他是这样一个人，他把每一封电子邮件都当作进一步思考的容器，他总是以个人的问候回应他的朋友，他记得历史事件并为现在提供教训。我想到了一个男人，他热爱让·保罗·萨特和存在主义的现实，他告诉我要忍耐，要坚持，要记住成功是最好的报复。当一个人想到成功时，他往往会想到坚韧和忍耐。Brij体现了这些属性。布里吉留下的遗产之一是他对内外政治的抵制，以及对权力的忍耐和质疑。布里吉比社会工作学院的任何其他教员都要长寿几十年，在路易斯安那州立大学(LSU)经历了8位院长，从他任期开始，他教过大约一半的毕业生。当我想到“Brij by myself”这个话题时，我想到的是一个以坚定的态度经历挑战的人。我也想到了他的慷慨。很少有人能如此慷慨地与这么多人分享，同时把自己置于危险境地，以保护自己的核心价值观。在过去的九年里，自从我和Brij一起工作以来，我对这个人的想法有了成百上千的了解
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Pub Date : 2010-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17486831003687386
C. Aspalter
This article is written in honor of Brij Mohan and his lifetime achievement as an outstanding social scientist. Touching upon the life experience of Brij Mohan, this article discusses the advancement of an increasingly important part of sciences, i.e. social science, by highlighting key concepts in theory-building and refering to the interface of philosophy and social science, which is an area of scientific enterprise where Brij Mohan has left probably his largest footprints on the pages of the history of science. The article puts forward a very optimistic role of all sciences for the advancement of human kind, including solving the conundrums they created in the first place.
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