Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428223
M. Ianoz
Feasibility studies performed in the last years have shown that the low voltage distribution network can be used for data transmission. The main problem is the possible radiation of electromagnetic field representing a the disturbance which can affect radio transmission in the 1 to 30 MHz frequency band. In parallel to the search for new field measurement methods, attention is today directed to the assessment of the equipment based on conducted limits which requires an amendment of CISPR 22 used until now for equipment connected to a telecommunication network. The paper presents the problems related to the introduction of this amendment of CISPR 22 and discusses the possibility to use conducted measurements in order to estimate radiated fields
{"title":"Standardisation problems related to conducted limits for power line communication equipment","authors":"M. Ianoz","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428223","url":null,"abstract":"Feasibility studies performed in the last years have shown that the low voltage distribution network can be used for data transmission. The main problem is the possible radiation of electromagnetic field representing a the disturbance which can affect radio transmission in the 1 to 30 MHz frequency band. In parallel to the search for new field measurement methods, attention is today directed to the assessment of the equipment based on conducted limits which requires an amendment of CISPR 22 used until now for equipment connected to a telecommunication network. The paper presents the problems related to the introduction of this amendment of CISPR 22 and discusses the possibility to use conducted measurements in order to estimate radiated fields","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130975035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428204
J. Held, B. Unger
In order to simulate the emission of PCBs (printed circuit boards) it is necessary to describe the RF-(radio-frequency)-sources very exactly in a wide frequency range. Due to internal switching of VLSIs a lot of RF-noise can be seen on their supply-pins. These currents I(f) are dependent on the relationship between the impedance Z(f) of the supply-system of the VLSI and Z(f) into the supply-system of the PCB at the supply-pins of the VLSI. This paper describes an effective method to measure both Z(f) and I(f) of the VLSI and compares it to extraction of Z(f) from the VLSI's geometrical data
{"title":"Measurement of the supply-current and internal impedance of VLSIs in a wide frequency range","authors":"J. Held, B. Unger","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428204","url":null,"abstract":"In order to simulate the emission of PCBs (printed circuit boards) it is necessary to describe the RF-(radio-frequency)-sources very exactly in a wide frequency range. Due to internal switching of VLSIs a lot of RF-noise can be seen on their supply-pins. These currents I(f) are dependent on the relationship between the impedance Z(f) of the supply-system of the VLSI and Z(f) into the supply-system of the PCB at the supply-pins of the VLSI. This paper describes an effective method to measure both Z(f) and I(f) of the VLSI and compares it to extraction of Z(f) from the VLSI's geometrical data","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128642354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428187
V. Pintos, B. A. Ovide, C. Munoz, R. Saint-Nom
Extensive references about electromagnetic field strength measurements of mobile phone base stations may be found in specialized literature. But those underground emissions, to serve passengers of public transportation, are almost unknown. This paper deals with EMC measurements along a Metro System, showing statistically based results, and comparing them to actual local standards of maximum allowed power density levels. Discussion of further analysis is also proposed. Conclusions take into account reliability, measuring methods and the way reports should be addressed to society
{"title":"EMC measurements in Buenos Aires metro system","authors":"V. Pintos, B. A. Ovide, C. Munoz, R. Saint-Nom","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428187","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive references about electromagnetic field strength measurements of mobile phone base stations may be found in specialized literature. But those underground emissions, to serve passengers of public transportation, are almost unknown. This paper deals with EMC measurements along a Metro System, showing statistically based results, and comparing them to actual local standards of maximum allowed power density levels. Discussion of further analysis is also proposed. Conclusions take into account reliability, measuring methods and the way reports should be addressed to society","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131835451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428272
F. Sanchez, P. Riu, F. Silva
The performance of an E-field probe developed around a low-cost battery-powered wide-bandwidth analog fiber optic link for measuring transients is described. The link is based in a VCSEL laser operating at the wavelength of 850 nm and includes a voltage amplifier at the transmitter and a transimpedance amplifier at the receiver to permit the transmission of low-level analog signals up to 1 GHz. The E-field sensor is applied for monitoring radiated electromagnetic fields produced by high-voltage spark discharges simulating the electrostatic discharges (ESD). A numerical electromagnetic field simulator based on the FDTD method, is used as a tool to study the signals beforehand the experimental measurements. The effects of the discharges over the transmission lines connecting passive probes and instruments have shown the feasibility of the fiber optic E-field probe
{"title":"An analog fiber optic link for ESD detection","authors":"F. Sanchez, P. Riu, F. Silva","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428272","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of an E-field probe developed around a low-cost battery-powered wide-bandwidth analog fiber optic link for measuring transients is described. The link is based in a VCSEL laser operating at the wavelength of 850 nm and includes a voltage amplifier at the transmitter and a transimpedance amplifier at the receiver to permit the transmission of low-level analog signals up to 1 GHz. The E-field sensor is applied for monitoring radiated electromagnetic fields produced by high-voltage spark discharges simulating the electrostatic discharges (ESD). A numerical electromagnetic field simulator based on the FDTD method, is used as a tool to study the signals beforehand the experimental measurements. The effects of the discharges over the transmission lines connecting passive probes and instruments have shown the feasibility of the fiber optic E-field probe","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130874022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428338
F. Schlagenhaufer, J. He, K. Fynn
The shielding performance of metallic enclosures at high frequencies is dominated by coupling through openings, especially long slots. In cases, where the size and shape of slots cannot be modified due to functional criteria, it may be possible to influence their position and orientation and the location of critical components inside the enclosure, and so to minimise the shielding degradation. In this paper, the influence of the slot position and source location, on the shielding performance of a metallic enclosure is investigated by means of numerical simulations. From the analysis results, general design guidelines are then developed
{"title":"The influence of slot position on the shielding degradation of metallic enclosures","authors":"F. Schlagenhaufer, J. He, K. Fynn","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428338","url":null,"abstract":"The shielding performance of metallic enclosures at high frequencies is dominated by coupling through openings, especially long slots. In cases, where the size and shape of slots cannot be modified due to functional criteria, it may be possible to influence their position and orientation and the location of critical components inside the enclosure, and so to minimise the shielding degradation. In this paper, the influence of the slot position and source location, on the shielding performance of a metallic enclosure is investigated by means of numerical simulations. From the analysis results, general design guidelines are then developed","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132933150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428311
E. Gazal
In a world where every product has to be tested against several standards for different regions, manufacturers face mass expenses to fulfill marketing requirements. As these requirements are based on standards and laws, one should ask himself: why doesn't anyone try to "standardize all standards"? Why should a single product face the same test several times using different methods defining different limits? We would like to emphasize the need for standards globalization - we believe that standardization bodies should try to ease standardization processes in order to achieve better marketing relations between nations, manufacturers and customers and in order to create a financially and technically healthier environment. Radio, telecommunications, home appliances, security devises, medical equipment, military equipment, automotive equipment etc. - they all use not only different standards but also different test methods as well as equipment with different specifications (e.g. ESD generator for commercial and military applications). Surely, all of them have different environmental conditions, but these conditions lead to mismatched testing methods as well as different standards to be used. Probably, nobody ever tried to avoid this
{"title":"Myths of EMC globalization","authors":"E. Gazal","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428311","url":null,"abstract":"In a world where every product has to be tested against several standards for different regions, manufacturers face mass expenses to fulfill marketing requirements. As these requirements are based on standards and laws, one should ask himself: why doesn't anyone try to \"standardize all standards\"? Why should a single product face the same test several times using different methods defining different limits? We would like to emphasize the need for standards globalization - we believe that standardization bodies should try to ease standardization processes in order to achieve better marketing relations between nations, manufacturers and customers and in order to create a financially and technically healthier environment. Radio, telecommunications, home appliances, security devises, medical equipment, military equipment, automotive equipment etc. - they all use not only different standards but also different test methods as well as equipment with different specifications (e.g. ESD generator for commercial and military applications). Surely, all of them have different environmental conditions, but these conditions lead to mismatched testing methods as well as different standards to be used. Probably, nobody ever tried to avoid this","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134017778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1541/IEEJFMS.124.1251
A. Hirata, T. Fujino, T. Shiozawa
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the induced SAR in an inhomogeneous model of human body for exposure to EM wave from a dipole antenna at 400 MHz. Two positions of the antenna are considered, that is, those behind the back and waist of the human body. In particular, we compare the results obtained with the homogeneous and inhomogeneous models. As a main result, a large difference in the SAR distribution is observed between two models. Additionally, the peak SARs averaged over 1g or 10g of tissue obtained using the homogeneous models are overestimated as compared with those obtained by the anatomical model, only when the antenna-model distance is small
{"title":"SAR in the human body due to EM waves emitted from a dipole antenna at 400 MHz band","authors":"A. Hirata, T. Fujino, T. Shiozawa","doi":"10.1541/IEEJFMS.124.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1541/IEEJFMS.124.1251","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate the induced SAR in an inhomogeneous model of human body for exposure to EM wave from a dipole antenna at 400 MHz. Two positions of the antenna are considered, that is, those behind the back and waist of the human body. In particular, we compare the results obtained with the homogeneous and inhomogeneous models. As a main result, a large difference in the SAR distribution is observed between two models. Additionally, the peak SARs averaged over 1g or 10g of tissue obtained using the homogeneous models are overestimated as compared with those obtained by the anatomical model, only when the antenna-model distance is small","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128928638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428242
K. Murano, Y. Kami
3D radiated immunity characteristics can be obtained using a turntable together with our previously proposed radio-frequency radiated-immunity test method which uses slowly rotating electromagnetic fields. This paper clarifies how to generate the rotating amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields and presents experimentally measured immunity characteristics of an audio amplifier, which show the effectiveness of this method
{"title":"A new radiated immunity test method using rotating AM-EM fields and its application","authors":"K. Murano, Y. Kami","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428242","url":null,"abstract":"3D radiated immunity characteristics can be obtained using a turntable together with our previously proposed radio-frequency radiated-immunity test method which uses slowly rotating electromagnetic fields. This paper clarifies how to generate the rotating amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields and presents experimentally measured immunity characteristics of an audio amplifier, which show the effectiveness of this method","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125133778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428214
T. Lu, Lei Qi, X. Cui
Based on the complex ground return plane method and Maxwell's equations, the ground return impedance of aerial multi-conductor transmission lines (MTLs) above multi-layer soil is researched in frequency domain, and its time-domain expression is obtained by using the vector fitting method and inverse Laplace transform. After the validity of the method above is tested, the effect of the multi-layer soil is included in the FDTD method based on recursive convolution in order to research the wave process of aerial MTLs. The method proposed is demonstrated to give the same results as the famous software EMTP, and to have a little difference from the results of method of moment (MoM). Finally, two examples are analyzed
{"title":"Time-domain treatment of multi-layer soil in transient analysis of aerial multi-conductor transmission lines","authors":"T. Lu, Lei Qi, X. Cui","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428214","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the complex ground return plane method and Maxwell's equations, the ground return impedance of aerial multi-conductor transmission lines (MTLs) above multi-layer soil is researched in frequency domain, and its time-domain expression is obtained by using the vector fitting method and inverse Laplace transform. After the validity of the method above is tested, the effect of the multi-layer soil is included in the FDTD method based on recursive convolution in order to research the wave process of aerial MTLs. The method proposed is demonstrated to give the same results as the famous software EMTP, and to have a little difference from the results of method of moment (MoM). Finally, two examples are analyzed","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114255049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428292
O. Lundén, M. Backstrom
A factorial designed experiment at two levels was applied to investigate the performance of stirrers in reverberation chambers. The goal has been to quantify the sensitivity of the design parameters for the mode-stirrer. The focus has been to investigate single rotational stirrers. The experiment shows that the effect of changing the diameter of the stirrer is much greater than changing the height, and that the effect of changing the chamber volume is small
{"title":"A factorial designed experiment for evaluation of mode-stirrers in reverberation chambers","authors":"O. Lundén, M. Backstrom","doi":"10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428292","url":null,"abstract":"A factorial designed experiment at two levels was applied to investigate the performance of stirrers in reverberation chambers. The goal has been to quantify the sensitivity of the design parameters for the mode-stirrer. The focus has been to investigate single rotational stirrers. The experiment shows that the effect of changing the diameter of the stirrer is much greater than changing the height, and that the effect of changing the chamber volume is small","PeriodicalId":272545,"journal":{"name":"2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03.","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116776486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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