In 2001, Micheline Aharonian Marcom published her novel Three Apples Fell from Heaven to imagine the Armenian genocide her family survived. Marcom's novel could aptly be described as a work of ‘postmemory,’ per Marianne Hirsch's coinage. And yet, reading Marcom’s novel as a work of postmemory poses many problems, since the novel does not fit neatly into Hirsch’s theory which scholars have criticized as being too individualistic. By close reading Three Apples Fell from Heaven and Marcom's use of storytelling as an ethical mediator between memory and postmemory, I arrive at a modified theorization of Hirsch's theory. I identify the potential of a collective postmemory that invigorates the productive anger of both writer and reader.
{"title":"Listen Up: Collective Armenian Genocide Postmemory in Micheline Aharonian Marcom’s Three Apples Fell from Heaven","authors":"Lisa Gulesserian","doi":"10.16995/c21.7961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.7961","url":null,"abstract":"In 2001, Micheline Aharonian Marcom published her novel Three Apples Fell from Heaven to imagine the Armenian genocide her family survived. Marcom's novel could aptly be described as a work of ‘postmemory,’ per Marianne Hirsch's coinage. And yet, reading Marcom’s novel as a work of postmemory poses many problems, since the novel does not fit neatly into Hirsch’s theory which scholars have criticized as being too individualistic. By close reading Three Apples Fell from Heaven and Marcom's use of storytelling as an ethical mediator between memory and postmemory, I arrive at a modified theorization of Hirsch's theory. I identify the potential of a collective postmemory that invigorates the productive anger of both writer and reader.","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117152489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Book review of Megen de Bruin-Molé, Gothic Remixed: Monster Mashupsand Frankenfictions in 21st Century Literature. BloomsburyAcademic, 2020
Megen de bruin - moloire，《哥特式的混音:21世纪文学中的怪物混搭和科学怪人》书评。BloomsburyAcademic 2020
{"title":"Review: Megen de Bruin-Molé, Gothic Remixed: Monster Mashups and Frankenfictions in 21st Century Literature. Bloomsbury Academic, 2020","authors":"Alison Bainbridge","doi":"10.16995/c21.8943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.8943","url":null,"abstract":"Book review of Megen de Bruin-Molé, Gothic Remixed: Monster Mashupsand Frankenfictions in 21st Century Literature. BloomsburyAcademic, 2020","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review of Bill Ashcroft's Utopianism in Postcolonial Literatures","authors":"Rupsa Banerjee","doi":"10.16995/c21.8897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.8897","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121675578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of The Comic Turn in Contemporary English Fiction, by Huw Marsh","authors":"Emma Sullivan","doi":"10.16995/c21.8854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.8854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"68 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133012459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the relationship between Anna Burns’ Milkman (2018) and the gender politics of the #MeToo movement. It argues that reading Milkman in light of #MeToo helps us understand the book’s depiction of sexual violence and illuminates an important, hidden history of the Northern Irish conflict. Drawing on a range of feminist scholars, it situates Milkman within a series of broader debates about the ‘cultural scaffolding’ of sexual violence and the historically masculinist logic of Irish nationalism. The article concludes by situating Milkman within a predominant thematic strain in recent Irish fiction; namely, the ‘retrospective mood’ whereby authors have sought to revisit the past and re-examine its legacies for the precarious peace of the present.
{"title":"#MeToo and the Northern Ireland Troubles: Anna Burns' Milkman","authors":"M. McGuire","doi":"10.16995/c21.3397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.3397","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the relationship between Anna Burns’ Milkman (2018) and the gender politics of the #MeToo movement. It argues that reading Milkman in light of #MeToo helps us understand the book’s depiction of sexual violence and illuminates an important, hidden history of the Northern Irish conflict. Drawing on a range of feminist scholars, it situates Milkman within a series of broader debates about the ‘cultural scaffolding’ of sexual violence and the historically masculinist logic of Irish nationalism. The article concludes by situating Milkman within a predominant thematic strain in recent Irish fiction; namely, the ‘retrospective mood’ whereby authors have sought to revisit the past and re-examine its legacies for the precarious peace of the present.","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116614775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Northern Irish Writing After the Troubles: Intimacies, Affects, Pleasures by Caroline Magennis, Bloomsbury Academic, 2021","authors":"Timothy C. Baker","doi":"10.16995/c21.7906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.7906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132068899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
What does it mean to be human in a world that isboth viral and vulnerable? The current pandemic has made clear that we liveporous lives in a porous world of bacteria, microbes, viruses, organic bodies,and non-organic matter. Tracing the motif of human and posthuman skin in MargePiercy’s Science Fiction, this article argues that simply equating porositywith threats to life, and with such dangers only, is a dangerous misconception,albeit one which can offer a pragmatic last resort in a situation of pandemicemergency. Yet as the touch of the held-out hand is more and more sorelymissed, it might be time to open our horizons of imagination beyond thesimplistic notion that human life is in need of constant containment in skins,walls and borderlines, lest it spill out and expose its vulnerability. Skin isour most natural but also most ambivalent border which protects as much as itenmeshes us. It can open our horizons of imagination to ways of existence thatare not solely reliant on immunity and insulation. This article travels intoMarge Piercy’s dystopian future and back to a year 2020 in which the illusionof immunity has been shattered. It acknowledges the porosity of human skin as areminder that life is always a threat to itself, even whilst survival at thecost of life is just another form of death. Yet skin, so naturally ambivalent,offers a third way to seek a future-bound human life that might be sustainablein all its precariousness. Working within an ecocritical framework, thisarticle aims to re-assess the concept of immunity from a position of porosityand enmeshment in the natural world.
{"title":"POROUS SKINS: Life beyond Immunity","authors":"Katharina Donn","doi":"10.16995/c21.3228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/c21.3228","url":null,"abstract":"What does it mean to be human in a world that isboth viral and vulnerable? The current pandemic has made clear that we liveporous lives in a porous world of bacteria, microbes, viruses, organic bodies,and non-organic matter. Tracing the motif of human and posthuman skin in MargePiercy’s Science Fiction, this article argues that simply equating porositywith threats to life, and with such dangers only, is a dangerous misconception,albeit one which can offer a pragmatic last resort in a situation of pandemicemergency. Yet as the touch of the held-out hand is more and more sorelymissed, it might be time to open our horizons of imagination beyond thesimplistic notion that human life is in need of constant containment in skins,walls and borderlines, lest it spill out and expose its vulnerability. Skin isour most natural but also most ambivalent border which protects as much as itenmeshes us. It can open our horizons of imagination to ways of existence thatare not solely reliant on immunity and insulation. This article travels intoMarge Piercy’s dystopian future and back to a year 2020 in which the illusionof immunity has been shattered. It acknowledges the porosity of human skin as areminder that life is always a threat to itself, even whilst survival at thecost of life is just another form of death. Yet skin, so naturally ambivalent,offers a third way to seek a future-bound human life that might be sustainablein all its precariousness. Working within an ecocritical framework, thisarticle aims to re-assess the concept of immunity from a position of porosityand enmeshment in the natural world. ","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114701747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyses Tom McCarthy’s novel Satin Island as giving literary form to the aesthetics of materiality. Acknowledging the work’s function as philosophical cognition, the investigation utilises the concept of Einfühlung (empathy) as the ‘feeling-into’ of aesthetic experience, while concomitantly determining that ordinary empathy as fellow-feeling is lacking. Combining that ahuman aspect with Husserlian time constituting flow, underlying time consciousness, as another aspect of the ahuman, the thesis argues that the novel stages the mattering of matter and the patterning of patterns as surface phenomena that constitute the aesthetics of this particular fictional world. The aesthetics appears as a near-metaphysical phenomenon in manifesting an instantiation of Nietzsche’s concept of the human only being eternally justified as an aesthetic phenomenon. As such a phenomenon, the human amalgamates with matter and is dead. However, the world can be said to harbour ‘A LIFE’ in the sense of the Deleuzean concept of pure immanence. Moreover, as an avant-gardist artwork, the novel may provoke an ethical counter-reaction in the reader, inducing an ecocritically grounded ethics that would empathise with the planet earth as a manifestation of life itself.
{"title":"The Oil-Flower Unfurling Its Petals The Phenomenological Aesthetics of Tom McCarthy’s Satin Island","authors":"J. Wrethed","doi":"10.16995/C21.1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/C21.1988","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses Tom McCarthy’s novel Satin Island as giving literary form to the aesthetics of materiality. Acknowledging the work’s function as philosophical cognition, the investigation utilises the concept of Einfühlung (empathy) as the ‘feeling-into’ of aesthetic experience, while concomitantly determining that ordinary empathy as fellow-feeling is lacking. Combining that ahuman aspect with Husserlian time constituting flow, underlying time consciousness, as another aspect of the ahuman, the thesis argues that the novel stages the mattering of matter and the patterning of patterns as surface phenomena that constitute the aesthetics of this particular fictional world. The aesthetics appears as a near-metaphysical phenomenon in manifesting an instantiation of Nietzsche’s concept of the human only being eternally justified as an aesthetic phenomenon. As such a phenomenon, the human amalgamates with matter and is dead. However, the world can be said to harbour ‘A LIFE’ in the sense of the Deleuzean concept of pure immanence. Moreover, as an avant-gardist artwork, the novel may provoke an ethical counter-reaction in the reader, inducing an ecocritically grounded ethics that would empathise with the planet earth as a manifestation of life itself.","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133233553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The notion of literature as an obsolete form, out of sync with its own time, has been a familiar one ever since modern media displaced the literary from its previous centrality in culture. Expounding on poet Kenneth Goldsmith’s express ambitions of bringing literature up to date with contemporary media culture, this article engages the larger stakes of his work with a view to an ‘updated literature’ – a literature, as it is here considered, 'beyond textuality.' Informed by the theoretical perspectives of Friedrich Kittler and the broader field of media archeology, the article posits literature’s turn toward the generalized ‘informational milieu’ of contemporary network culture and its concomitant break with modernist notions of medium specificity. Although the provocations of both Goldsmith and Kittler have received much previous attention; in seeking here to bring them together in a committed way, this article also moves beyond the limits of their approaches to rethink the problem of literature’s dubious distinctness in our age of networks.
{"title":"‘There Was Modernism. Then There Was Digital:’ Kenneth Goldsmith and the Updating of Literature","authors":"Karin Nygård","doi":"10.16995/C21.3400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/C21.3400","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of literature as an obsolete form, out of sync with its own time, has been a familiar one ever since modern media displaced the literary from its previous centrality in culture. Expounding on poet Kenneth Goldsmith’s express ambitions of bringing literature up to date with contemporary media culture, this article engages the larger stakes of his work with a view to an ‘updated literature’ – a literature, as it is here considered, 'beyond textuality.' Informed by the theoretical perspectives of Friedrich Kittler and the broader field of media archeology, the article posits literature’s turn toward the generalized ‘informational milieu’ of contemporary network culture and its concomitant break with modernist notions of medium specificity. Although the provocations of both Goldsmith and Kittler have received much previous attention; in seeking here to bring them together in a committed way, this article also moves beyond the limits of their approaches to rethink the problem of literature’s dubious distinctness in our age of networks.","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121487672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of Vijay Mishra's book Salman Rushdie and the Genesis of Secrecy
维贾伊·米什拉的书《萨尔曼·拉什迪和秘密的起源》的评论
{"title":"Salman Rushdie and the Genesis of Secrecy","authors":"Ashwiny O. Kistnareddy","doi":"10.16995/C21.4739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16995/C21.4739","url":null,"abstract":"Review of Vijay Mishra's book Salman Rushdie and the Genesis of Secrecy","PeriodicalId":272809,"journal":{"name":"C21 Literature: Journal of 21st-Century Writings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116456072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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