Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463324
S. Davies
Biology features genetic circuits that are analogous to electronic circuits. A major goal of synthetic biology is the engineering of new genetic circuits. Inspired by electronic circuit diagrams, this paper proposes a means of representing these genetic circuits that facilitates analysis and effectively communicates circuit properties.
{"title":"Visualizing Genetic Circuits Using Concepts Borrowed from Electronics","authors":"S. Davies","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463324","url":null,"abstract":"Biology features genetic circuits that are analogous to electronic circuits. A major goal of synthetic biology is the engineering of new genetic circuits. Inspired by electronic circuit diagrams, this paper proposes a means of representing these genetic circuits that facilitates analysis and effectively communicates circuit properties.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130520748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463341
E.C.M. Lim, X. Zou, Yuanjin Zheng, Jun‐Kai Tan
The demand for health-monitoring products is increasing worldwide. Low-power and low-voltage attributes are important concerns that need to be addressed in circuits used for personal health-monitoring applications, to achieve a long battery life. In this paper, a biomedical amplifier is designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal detection. The design comprises of a high pass filter (HPF), an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), two dB-linear variable gain amplifiers, three low pass filters (LPF), and an operational transresistance amplifier (ORA). In particular, the VGA and the LPF uses the log companding technique. The bio-amplifier consumes less than 20 muW of power from a 1 V single supply. The circuit is implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology.
全球对健康监测产品的需求正在增加。在用于个人健康监测应用的电路中，低功耗和低电压属性是需要解决的重要问题，以实现较长的电池寿命。本文设计了一种用于心电信号检测的生物医学放大器。该设计包括一个高通滤波器(HPF)、一个运算跨导放大器(OTA)、两个db线性变增益放大器、三个低通滤波器(LPF)和一个运算跨阻放大器(ORA)。特别是VGA和LPF使用了日志扩展技术。生物放大器从1v单电源中消耗的功率小于20muw。该电路采用0.18 μ m CMOS技术实现。
{"title":"Design of Low-Power Low-Voltage Biomedical Amplifier for Electrocardiogram Signal Recording","authors":"E.C.M. Lim, X. Zou, Yuanjin Zheng, Jun‐Kai Tan","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463341","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for health-monitoring products is increasing worldwide. Low-power and low-voltage attributes are important concerns that need to be addressed in circuits used for personal health-monitoring applications, to achieve a long battery life. In this paper, a biomedical amplifier is designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal detection. The design comprises of a high pass filter (HPF), an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA), two dB-linear variable gain amplifiers, three low pass filters (LPF), and an operational transresistance amplifier (ORA). In particular, the VGA and the LPF uses the log companding technique. The bio-amplifier consumes less than 20 muW of power from a 1 V single supply. The circuit is implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128874679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463352
Naveen Chilukoti, Kenneth Early, Sarvinder Sandhu, Cheryl Riley-Doucet, D. Debnath
Alzheimer's disease is one of the top ten leading causes of death in the United States. A recent study by The Johns Hopkins University estimated that by 2050, one in 85 people worldwide will be living with Alzheimer's disease. According to the study, if intervention could delay the progression of the disease by a modest one year, there would be about 3.7 million fewer patients with the disease who require high level of care such as a nursing home in 2050. Research suggests that the combination of physical and mental exercise reduces the progression of cognitive degeneration. The paper focuses on creating an assistive technology system to promote both physical exercise and cognitive stimulation for patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. The system incorporates a portable mini stationary bike and an interactive visual multiple choice question game. Physical exercise is provided by the bike while cognitive stimulation is provided by the game that targets areas such as memory, judgment, problem solving, recollection, and matching, to impede dementia. Research has shown that certain multi-sensory stimulants such as fiber optic lights and selective colors can be used to relax and control agitation of patients with dementia. By incorporating these stimulants into the design, we have created a safe and fun way for patients with dementia to complete physical and mental exercise.
{"title":"Assistive Technology for Promoting Physical and Mental Exercise to Delay Progression of Cognitive Degeneration in Patients with Dementia","authors":"Naveen Chilukoti, Kenneth Early, Sarvinder Sandhu, Cheryl Riley-Doucet, D. Debnath","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463352","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease is one of the top ten leading causes of death in the United States. A recent study by The Johns Hopkins University estimated that by 2050, one in 85 people worldwide will be living with Alzheimer's disease. According to the study, if intervention could delay the progression of the disease by a modest one year, there would be about 3.7 million fewer patients with the disease who require high level of care such as a nursing home in 2050. Research suggests that the combination of physical and mental exercise reduces the progression of cognitive degeneration. The paper focuses on creating an assistive technology system to promote both physical exercise and cognitive stimulation for patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. The system incorporates a portable mini stationary bike and an interactive visual multiple choice question game. Physical exercise is provided by the bike while cognitive stimulation is provided by the game that targets areas such as memory, judgment, problem solving, recollection, and matching, to impede dementia. Research has shown that certain multi-sensory stimulants such as fiber optic lights and selective colors can be used to relax and control agitation of patients with dementia. By incorporating these stimulants into the design, we have created a safe and fun way for patients with dementia to complete physical and mental exercise.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125960711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463295
R. Carta, D. Turgis, B. Hermans, P. Jourand, R. Onclin, R. Puers
This paper presents the design, implementation and measurements of a spirometer based on differential pressure sensing. A system which fulfills the last medical standard specifications has been designed exploiting the Venturi tube principle. A fully operating prototype has been tested, and data have been subsequently analyzed. Air flows up to 14 L/s can be measured with an accuracy of 0.2 L/s. Data acquisition software and user interface were developed.
{"title":"A Differential Pressure Approach to Spirometry","authors":"R. Carta, D. Turgis, B. Hermans, P. Jourand, R. Onclin, R. Puers","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463295","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design, implementation and measurements of a spirometer based on differential pressure sensing. A system which fulfills the last medical standard specifications has been designed exploiting the Venturi tube principle. A fully operating prototype has been tested, and data have been subsequently analyzed. Air flows up to 14 L/s can be measured with an accuracy of 0.2 L/s. Data acquisition software and user interface were developed.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131611602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463300
F. Mounaim, G. Lesbros, M. Sawan
The electrode-tissues interface (ETI) is one of the key issues for the safety, reliability and efficiency of implantable devices such as stimulators and sensors. The aim of this paper is to report an implantable telemetry device, based on a full custom integrated circuit (IC) to monitor the ETI. The proposed system performs various types of measurements, such as impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic double pulse method. Hence, the evolution of various electrochemical parameters of the ETI such as complex impedance, faradic resistance, double layer capacity, rheobase current, and chronaxy time, could be monitored long time after implantation. The full custom IC has been designed and fabricated with the CMOS 0.18 mum technology. The circuit occupies a silicon area of 2 mm2, and consumes less than 3 mW. Characterisation and in-vitro experimental results validate the full functionalities of the implantable monitoring system including the custom IC.
{"title":"Long-term monitoring of electrochemical parameters from stimulated neural tissues","authors":"F. Mounaim, G. Lesbros, M. Sawan","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463300","url":null,"abstract":"The electrode-tissues interface (ETI) is one of the key issues for the safety, reliability and efficiency of implantable devices such as stimulators and sensors. The aim of this paper is to report an implantable telemetry device, based on a full custom integrated circuit (IC) to monitor the ETI. The proposed system performs various types of measurements, such as impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic double pulse method. Hence, the evolution of various electrochemical parameters of the ETI such as complex impedance, faradic resistance, double layer capacity, rheobase current, and chronaxy time, could be monitored long time after implantation. The full custom IC has been designed and fabricated with the CMOS 0.18 mum technology. The circuit occupies a silicon area of 2 mm2, and consumes less than 3 mW. Characterisation and in-vitro experimental results validate the full functionalities of the implantable monitoring system including the custom IC.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114455444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463333
L. Au, W.H. Wu, M. Batalin, D. Mclntire, W. Kaiser
Extended system lifetime is a critical requirement for wearable sensor platforms. However, these platforms must also accommodate local data processing, data storage, and broadband wireless communications. Since compact battery storage capacity is constrained, there exists a fundamental tradeoff between energy optimization and performance. Furthermore, biomedical transducers may also demand high peak power dissipation during active operations. Energy management, therefore, must be introduced through new hardware architecture and enabled through software in the overall system design. To effectively optimize energy dissipation for biomedical sensing applications, a new wearable sensor platform, MicroLEAP, has been developed. The MicroLEAP platform supports per-task real-time energy profiling to permit adaptive applications that select platform components to best match dynamically-varying measurement requirements. MicroLEAP design, implementation, and example of energy-aware operation are demonstrated.
{"title":"MicroLEAP: Energy-aware Wireless Sensor Platform for Biomedical Sensing Applications","authors":"L. Au, W.H. Wu, M. Batalin, D. Mclntire, W. Kaiser","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463333","url":null,"abstract":"Extended system lifetime is a critical requirement for wearable sensor platforms. However, these platforms must also accommodate local data processing, data storage, and broadband wireless communications. Since compact battery storage capacity is constrained, there exists a fundamental tradeoff between energy optimization and performance. Furthermore, biomedical transducers may also demand high peak power dissipation during active operations. Energy management, therefore, must be introduced through new hardware architecture and enabled through software in the overall system design. To effectively optimize energy dissipation for biomedical sensing applications, a new wearable sensor platform, MicroLEAP, has been developed. The MicroLEAP platform supports per-task real-time energy profiling to permit adaptive applications that select platform components to best match dynamically-varying measurement requirements. MicroLEAP design, implementation, and example of energy-aware operation are demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116808186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463332
Thomas J. Sullivan, S. Deiss, G. Cauwenberghs
Typical electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors require conductive gel to ensure low-impedance electrical contact between the sensor and skin, making set-up time-consuming and long-term recording problematic. We present a gel-free, non-contact EEG/ECG sensor with on-board electrode that capacitively couples to the skin. Active shielding of the high-impedance input significantly reduces noise pickup, and reduces variations in gain as a function of gap distance. The integrated sensor combines amplification, bandpass filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion within a 1 inch diameter enclosure. The measured input-referred noise, over 1-100 Hz frequency range, is 2 muVrms at 0.2 mm sensor distance, and 17 muVrms at 3.2 mm distance. Experiments coupling the sensor to human scalp through hair and to chest through clothing produce clear EEG and ECG recorded signals.
{"title":"A Low-Noise, Non-Contact EEG/ECG Sensor","authors":"Thomas J. Sullivan, S. Deiss, G. Cauwenberghs","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463332","url":null,"abstract":"Typical electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors require conductive gel to ensure low-impedance electrical contact between the sensor and skin, making set-up time-consuming and long-term recording problematic. We present a gel-free, non-contact EEG/ECG sensor with on-board electrode that capacitively couples to the skin. Active shielding of the high-impedance input significantly reduces noise pickup, and reduces variations in gain as a function of gap distance. The integrated sensor combines amplification, bandpass filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion within a 1 inch diameter enclosure. The measured input-referred noise, over 1-100 Hz frequency range, is 2 muVrms at 0.2 mm sensor distance, and 17 muVrms at 3.2 mm distance. Experiments coupling the sensor to human scalp through hair and to chest through clothing produce clear EEG and ECG recorded signals.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115126171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463320
C. O'Reilly, R. Plamondon
An interactive software assistant (SimScript) has been developed to help in the design of neuromuscular tests and in the analysis of data gathered from these tests. The tool is based on the Kinematic Theory of rapid human movements and its Sigma-Lognormal (SigmaLambda) model. It allows the manipulation of the movement kinematics using analytical expressions. Although the project is still exploratory, current work focuses on three long term objectives: improvement of clinical rehabilitation results from stroke-impaired patients, lowering medical cost by helping in the development of at-home rehabilitation exercises and the development of a deeper understanding of the human neuromuscular kinematics properties. This paper briefly summarizes the SigmaLambda model, presents the properties and possibilities of SimScript and presents an example of practical application.
{"title":"A software assistant for the design and analysis of neuromuscular tests","authors":"C. O'Reilly, R. Plamondon","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463320","url":null,"abstract":"An interactive software assistant (SimScript) has been developed to help in the design of neuromuscular tests and in the analysis of data gathered from these tests. The tool is based on the Kinematic Theory of rapid human movements and its Sigma-Lognormal (SigmaLambda) model. It allows the manipulation of the movement kinematics using analytical expressions. Although the project is still exploratory, current work focuses on three long term objectives: improvement of clinical rehabilitation results from stroke-impaired patients, lowering medical cost by helping in the development of at-home rehabilitation exercises and the development of a deeper understanding of the human neuromuscular kinematics properties. This paper briefly summarizes the SigmaLambda model, presents the properties and possibilities of SimScript and presents an example of practical application.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122732210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463348
Ho Yeung Chan, Jie Yuan
A current-mode temporal difference imager for wireless capsule-endoscopy is introduced. The new imager generates low output data rate. Wide dynamic range image can be recovered from the low-rate data at the receiver side. To reduce the circuit charge injection error of the difference imager, a calibration technique for the pixel is developed, and introduced in the paper. The image restoration error is found to be bounded for our calibration scheme. With a designed estimation function, the restoration error is suppressed below 0.1 pA, which enables the imager with 95 dB dynamic range. The hardware cost of the decoder for the calibration scheme is moderate.
{"title":"Current-Mode Temporal Difference CMOS Imager for Capsule Endoscopy","authors":"Ho Yeung Chan, Jie Yuan","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463348","url":null,"abstract":"A current-mode temporal difference imager for wireless capsule-endoscopy is introduced. The new imager generates low output data rate. Wide dynamic range image can be recovered from the low-rate data at the receiver side. To reduce the circuit charge injection error of the difference imager, a calibration technique for the pixel is developed, and introduced in the paper. The image restoration error is found to be bounded for our calibration scheme. With a designed estimation function, the restoration error is suppressed below 0.1 pA, which enables the imager with 95 dB dynamic range. The hardware cost of the decoder for the calibration scheme is moderate.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"2672 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127458344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-11-01DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463338
M. Motani, Kok-Kiong Yap, A. Natarajan, B. de Silva, Siquan Hu, K. Chua
The fast growing elderly population has rendered a need for cheaper and better healthcare. Answering this call are advances in information technology and medical sciences. At the information technology end, wireless body area networks (WBAN) are being developed to support continuous and ubiquitous monitoring of patients. In our previous work, we identified the importance of the environment in the design of WBAN. Therefore, we characterize the effects of the urban environment on networking with these low power communication devices. We begin by observing the effects of some less studied factors, such as height of devices and impact of human contact on the antenna. We then present results on the characterization of two environments, namely residential housing and the university campus. Our results show that despite WiFi being omnipresent, its impact on reception probability is not significant. Thus, there is no preferred channel to operate a WBAN.
{"title":"Network Characteristics of Urban Environments for Wireless BAN","authors":"M. Motani, Kok-Kiong Yap, A. Natarajan, B. de Silva, Siquan Hu, K. Chua","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2007.4463338","url":null,"abstract":"The fast growing elderly population has rendered a need for cheaper and better healthcare. Answering this call are advances in information technology and medical sciences. At the information technology end, wireless body area networks (WBAN) are being developed to support continuous and ubiquitous monitoring of patients. In our previous work, we identified the importance of the environment in the design of WBAN. Therefore, we characterize the effects of the urban environment on networking with these low power communication devices. We begin by observing the effects of some less studied factors, such as height of devices and impact of human contact on the antenna. We then present results on the characterization of two environments, namely residential housing and the university campus. Our results show that despite WiFi being omnipresent, its impact on reception probability is not significant. Thus, there is no preferred channel to operate a WBAN.","PeriodicalId":273819,"journal":{"name":"2007 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133634377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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