Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890209
M. Pau, Andrea Angioni, F. Ponci, A. Monti
The growing penetration of distributed generation based on renewable energy sources is changing the way electric distribution grids are operated. Smart monitoring, management and control are increasingly required to face the challenges brought by the transition to active distribution networks and to handle the intermittent behaviour of the renewable sources. Testing the designed automation schemes under realistic conditions is an essential step before their possible implementation on the field. For this reason, suitable tools are needed to emulate in a realistic way the operating conditions of future distribution grids. This paper presents a tool developed for the creation of realistic profiles of power generated from PV plants under different weather conditions. The tool allows emulating the intermittent behaviour of the PV generation under cloudy conditions and gives the possibility to test management algorithms through realistic simulations. In the paper, the mathematical framework at the basis of the developed tool is presented and examples of simulated PV generation are compared to real PV profiles to prove its trustworthiness.
{"title":"A Tool for the Generation of Realistic PV Profiles for Distribution Grid Simulations","authors":"M. Pau, Andrea Angioni, F. Ponci, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890209","url":null,"abstract":"The growing penetration of distributed generation based on renewable energy sources is changing the way electric distribution grids are operated. Smart monitoring, management and control are increasingly required to face the challenges brought by the transition to active distribution networks and to handle the intermittent behaviour of the renewable sources. Testing the designed automation schemes under realistic conditions is an essential step before their possible implementation on the field. For this reason, suitable tools are needed to emulate in a realistic way the operating conditions of future distribution grids. This paper presents a tool developed for the creation of realistic profiles of power generated from PV plants under different weather conditions. The tool allows emulating the intermittent behaviour of the PV generation under cloudy conditions and gives the possibility to test management algorithms through realistic simulations. In the paper, the mathematical framework at the basis of the developed tool is presented and examples of simulated PV generation are compared to real PV profiles to prove its trustworthiness.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128697030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890210
B. Hammer, C. Fuhr, J. Hanson, U. Konigorski
The emulation of inertia in inverter control has been shown to be structurally equivalent to the application of droop control with a first-order lag element as primary control strategy for inverters. Usually, the implementation of virtual inertia is motivated by the desire to improve the stability of frequency after a change in loads or the occurrence of a fault. But keeping the frequency inside its boundaries is only one of multiple control objectives the primary control level has to accomplish, besides voltage stability and power sharing in order to avoid overloading. Therefore, the effects of the inertia constant in inverter-based power systems-which can be represented by a combination of droop and time constant- on different control objectives are investigated. The design of the inverter controllers is carried out centrally via the minimization of the $H_{infty}$-norm. It can be shown that implementing higher virtual inertia does not have a positive effect on all three control objectives simultaneously. As a result, a compromise between the objectives is sought, leading to specific inertia and damping constants.
{"title":"Effects of Virtual Inertia on Stability and Power Sharing in Inverter-Based Power Systems","authors":"B. Hammer, C. Fuhr, J. Hanson, U. Konigorski","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890210","url":null,"abstract":"The emulation of inertia in inverter control has been shown to be structurally equivalent to the application of droop control with a first-order lag element as primary control strategy for inverters. Usually, the implementation of virtual inertia is motivated by the desire to improve the stability of frequency after a change in loads or the occurrence of a fault. But keeping the frequency inside its boundaries is only one of multiple control objectives the primary control level has to accomplish, besides voltage stability and power sharing in order to avoid overloading. Therefore, the effects of the inertia constant in inverter-based power systems-which can be represented by a combination of droop and time constant- on different control objectives are investigated. The design of the inverter controllers is carried out centrally via the minimization of the $H_{infty}$-norm. It can be shown that implementing higher virtual inertia does not have a positive effect on all three control objectives simultaneously. As a result, a compromise between the objectives is sought, leading to specific inertia and damping constants.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890218
M. Al‐Smadi, Y. Mahmoud
The productivity of photovoltaic (PV) system is highly affected by the environmental conditions. The impact of partial shading conditions (PSC) on PV systems with various topologies is not necessarily the same. It is essential to demonstrate the role of PV topology in alleviating partial shading power losses. This paper presents a thorough comparative analysis of power losses incurred under partial shading conditions over different reported PV topologies. Power losses are analyzed for equally-rated PV systems subject to the same environmental conditions to highlight the privilege of some topologies over others. Power losses analysis is carried out based on the level of maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Partial Shading Power Losses in Photovoltaic Topologies","authors":"M. Al‐Smadi, Y. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890218","url":null,"abstract":"The productivity of photovoltaic (PV) system is highly affected by the environmental conditions. The impact of partial shading conditions (PSC) on PV systems with various topologies is not necessarily the same. It is essential to demonstrate the role of PV topology in alleviating partial shading power losses. This paper presents a thorough comparative analysis of power losses incurred under partial shading conditions over different reported PV topologies. Power losses are analyzed for equally-rated PV systems subject to the same environmental conditions to highlight the privilege of some topologies over others. Power losses analysis is carried out based on the level of maximum power point tracking (MPPT).","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122237116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890204
T. Adefarati, S. Potgieter, R. Bansal, R. Naidoo, R. Rizzo, P. Sanjeevikumar
The sudden increase in power demand has put the utilization of renewable energy technologies (RETs) in a crucial position to reduce the number of people that have no access to the electrical power supply on the global note. The sustainable energy system is the cost effective technology to meet the load demand based on different applications and combinations of several components of RETs. In view of this, the optimization of an off-grid power system that comprises of the diesel generator, PV, WTG and ESS is investigated. This research work permits the load sharing among the components of a microgrid system as a criterion to harness the economic benefits of RETs. This paper presents the application of the GA to minimize the total cost of the proposed microgrid system. This optimization method is implemented in MATLAB environment and the simulation results indicate that minimum total cost is obtained from the technique. The GA is much simpler to implement and uses less computational time to solve the problem of the power system. The proposed algorithm can assist the distribution network operators to reduce the total cost that is related to the operation of a microgrid system.
{"title":"Optimization of PV-Wind-Battery Storage Microgrid System Utilizing a Genetic Algorithm","authors":"T. Adefarati, S. Potgieter, R. Bansal, R. Naidoo, R. Rizzo, P. Sanjeevikumar","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890204","url":null,"abstract":"The sudden increase in power demand has put the utilization of renewable energy technologies (RETs) in a crucial position to reduce the number of people that have no access to the electrical power supply on the global note. The sustainable energy system is the cost effective technology to meet the load demand based on different applications and combinations of several components of RETs. In view of this, the optimization of an off-grid power system that comprises of the diesel generator, PV, WTG and ESS is investigated. This research work permits the load sharing among the components of a microgrid system as a criterion to harness the economic benefits of RETs. This paper presents the application of the GA to minimize the total cost of the proposed microgrid system. This optimization method is implemented in MATLAB environment and the simulation results indicate that minimum total cost is obtained from the technique. The GA is much simpler to implement and uses less computational time to solve the problem of the power system. The proposed algorithm can assist the distribution network operators to reduce the total cost that is related to the operation of a microgrid system.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134077526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890129
C. Pero, F. Leonforte, F. Lombardi, N. Stevanato, J. Barbieri, N. Aste, H. Huerto, E. Colombo
Distributed Generation is driving a paradigm shift in traditional power systems, allowing the production of renewable electricity and thermal energy close to the main energy consumption nodes (e.g., buildings). In this sense, thermal networks and electrical grids for Smart districts /cities have a key role, allowing the interconnections of distributed energy resources (renewables, combined heat and power generators, etc storage systems, and loads (electrical and thermal), locally dispatching supply and demand. In the present work, a multi-energy system for a new nearly zero energy and low carbon district near Milan (Italy) is proposed and analysed. After the evaluation of thermal and electrical energy needs of the district, an innovative thermal and electrical multi-energy system is designed with the specific aim to integrate multiple renewable energy sources (i.e., photovoltaics and groundwater energy) and energy storage technologies (i.e., sensible thermal storages), obtaining the best matching with thermal and electrical loads. Final results demonstrate the achievable benefits of the proposed solution, which can be successfully applied in several contexts.
{"title":"Modelling Of An Integrated Multi-Energy System For A Nearly Zero Energy Smart District","authors":"C. Pero, F. Leonforte, F. Lombardi, N. Stevanato, J. Barbieri, N. Aste, H. Huerto, E. Colombo","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890129","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed Generation is driving a paradigm shift in traditional power systems, allowing the production of renewable electricity and thermal energy close to the main energy consumption nodes (e.g., buildings). In this sense, thermal networks and electrical grids for Smart districts /cities have a key role, allowing the interconnections of distributed energy resources (renewables, combined heat and power generators, etc storage systems, and loads (electrical and thermal), locally dispatching supply and demand. In the present work, a multi-energy system for a new nearly zero energy and low carbon district near Milan (Italy) is proposed and analysed. After the evaluation of thermal and electrical energy needs of the district, an innovative thermal and electrical multi-energy system is designed with the specific aim to integrate multiple renewable energy sources (i.e., photovoltaics and groundwater energy) and energy storage technologies (i.e., sensible thermal storages), obtaining the best matching with thermal and electrical loads. Final results demonstrate the achievable benefits of the proposed solution, which can be successfully applied in several contexts.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131216349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890130
G. Graditi, R. Ciavarella, M. Somma, M. Valenti
The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) in distribution networks makes the power systems more vulnerable to congestion issues. However, these resources may offer new opportunities to grid operators, if they are properly managed for ancillary services (AS) provision. In this scenario, innovative methodologies and control schemes are required to enable a collaborative power system management by transmission and distribution system operators (TSOs and DSOs). In this paper, an innovative congestion control methodology is developed for enabling flexible DER connected at distribution level to participate in AS provisions for solving TSOs congestion problems. The methodology is based on a self-contained control, and will be later included in the INTEgrated opeRation PLANning tool for the Pan-European Network, which represents the main outcome of INTERPLAN H2020 project. The control methodology effectiveness is tested in the presence of specific congestion events by using a Benchmark Network model, namely an IEEE 14-bus system available in Powerfactory DigSilent environment. Results of simulation tests show that the proposed methodology is an effective tool for exploiting flexibility potential of DER to mitigate congestion issues in transmission grid networks.
{"title":"A control strategy for participation of DSO flexible resources in TSO ancillary services provision","authors":"G. Graditi, R. Ciavarella, M. Somma, M. Valenti","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890130","url":null,"abstract":"The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) in distribution networks makes the power systems more vulnerable to congestion issues. However, these resources may offer new opportunities to grid operators, if they are properly managed for ancillary services (AS) provision. In this scenario, innovative methodologies and control schemes are required to enable a collaborative power system management by transmission and distribution system operators (TSOs and DSOs). In this paper, an innovative congestion control methodology is developed for enabling flexible DER connected at distribution level to participate in AS provisions for solving TSOs congestion problems. The methodology is based on a self-contained control, and will be later included in the INTEgrated opeRation PLANning tool for the Pan-European Network, which represents the main outcome of INTERPLAN H2020 project. The control methodology effectiveness is tested in the presence of specific congestion events by using a Benchmark Network model, namely an IEEE 14-bus system available in Powerfactory DigSilent environment. Results of simulation tests show that the proposed methodology is an effective tool for exploiting flexibility potential of DER to mitigate congestion issues in transmission grid networks.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125189368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890116
A. M. Măgurean, L. Czumbil, D. Micu
As part of the efforts to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions on a large scale, one of the main research and development directions is focused on the residential and non-residential buildings sector. This paper assesses heat losses of buildings through ground, as part of the energy demand and energy consumption of the building, a domain that still lacks comprehensive knowledge, especially for the large buildings. In order to reduce the significant resources required for numerical analysis in time-dependent state, the authors propose the use of artificial intelligence to allow long-term prediction of the hourly heat transfer losses through ground for large dimension slabs. The attention was directed to this subject due that this slabs are specific for many types of non-residential buildings, such as commercial buildings (hypermarkets, malls), production halls or even educational buildings. An alternative approach is undertaken in the direction of carrying out detailed analyzes using numerical methods to establish input data for neural networks, in order to predict the building's part thermal response, by totally substituting numerical analysis, for arbitrary sizes of slabs on ground.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Eased Method for the Long-Term Heat Losses Calculation Applied to Large Slabs On Ground","authors":"A. M. Măgurean, L. Czumbil, D. Micu","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890116","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the efforts to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions on a large scale, one of the main research and development directions is focused on the residential and non-residential buildings sector. This paper assesses heat losses of buildings through ground, as part of the energy demand and energy consumption of the building, a domain that still lacks comprehensive knowledge, especially for the large buildings. In order to reduce the significant resources required for numerical analysis in time-dependent state, the authors propose the use of artificial intelligence to allow long-term prediction of the hourly heat transfer losses through ground for large dimension slabs. The attention was directed to this subject due that this slabs are specific for many types of non-residential buildings, such as commercial buildings (hypermarkets, malls), production halls or even educational buildings. An alternative approach is undertaken in the direction of carrying out detailed analyzes using numerical methods to establish input data for neural networks, in order to predict the building's part thermal response, by totally substituting numerical analysis, for arbitrary sizes of slabs on ground.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129519599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890157
J. Fabre, J. Blaquière, A. Verdicchio, P. Ladoux, S. Sanchez
In order to improve the energy efficiency of the railway traction power supply, a DC voltage of 9 kV has recently been proposed. Beyond train power supply, this new power system will allow to connect several sources and/or loads (AC power grid, energy storage, wind farm, solar panels, etc.). This new railway “smart grid” will require insulated DC-DC converters operating in a medium frequency range (from 10 to 20 kHz) to reduce the size of the passive components (mainly the transformer). In the voltage and power ranges targeted, this is now possible thanks to the arrival on the market of power modules based on SiC MOSFETs. Therefore, this paper focuses on the operation in ZVS mode of two power modules (1.7 kV / 1100 A and 3.3 kV / 750 A). The first part of the paper is devoted to the design of a driver for Zero Voltage Switching. In a second part, a test bench is presented. It allows to measure the switching energies in this operating mode. Finally, from these results, it is then possible to determine the efficiency of resonant DC/DC converters, which can be used in the MVDC power system.
{"title":"Characterization in ZVS Mode of SiC MOSFET Modules for MVDC Applications","authors":"J. Fabre, J. Blaquière, A. Verdicchio, P. Ladoux, S. Sanchez","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890157","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the energy efficiency of the railway traction power supply, a DC voltage of 9 kV has recently been proposed. Beyond train power supply, this new power system will allow to connect several sources and/or loads (AC power grid, energy storage, wind farm, solar panels, etc.). This new railway “smart grid” will require insulated DC-DC converters operating in a medium frequency range (from 10 to 20 kHz) to reduce the size of the passive components (mainly the transformer). In the voltage and power ranges targeted, this is now possible thanks to the arrival on the market of power modules based on SiC MOSFETs. Therefore, this paper focuses on the operation in ZVS mode of two power modules (1.7 kV / 1100 A and 3.3 kV / 750 A). The first part of the paper is devoted to the design of a driver for Zero Voltage Switching. In a second part, a test bench is presented. It allows to measure the switching energies in this operating mode. Finally, from these results, it is then possible to determine the efficiency of resonant DC/DC converters, which can be used in the MVDC power system.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117343450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890160
G. Artale, A. Cataliotti, V. Cosentino, D. D. Cara, S. Guaiana, N. Panzavecchia, G. Tinè
The continuous monitoring of network power flows and the remote control of Distributed Generators and Energy Storage Systems are the essential elements to allow a full exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources and their real integration in distribution networks. Thus in the paper a management system is presented for load flow monitoring in MV/LV distribution network. Moreover, on the basis of calculated power flows, the management system is able to send control commands to DGs and ESSs, to vary their power production or power factor or eventually to disconnect them in order to maintain the network stability. The proposed solution was really implemented in the MV network of Ustica Island, developing a dedicated Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition system. Different experimental tests were performed to verify the management system performances. To emulate the case of power flow inversion due to an increase of distributed generated power an on-field distributed generator emulator was assembled in a mobile station and it was connected to a generic point of the low voltage network.
{"title":"Implementation and Experimental Tests of a Management System for MV/LV Distribution Grids","authors":"G. Artale, A. Cataliotti, V. Cosentino, D. D. Cara, S. Guaiana, N. Panzavecchia, G. Tinè","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890160","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous monitoring of network power flows and the remote control of Distributed Generators and Energy Storage Systems are the essential elements to allow a full exploitation of Renewable Energy Sources and their real integration in distribution networks. Thus in the paper a management system is presented for load flow monitoring in MV/LV distribution network. Moreover, on the basis of calculated power flows, the management system is able to send control commands to DGs and ESSs, to vary their power production or power factor or eventually to disconnect them in order to maintain the network stability. The proposed solution was really implemented in the MV network of Ustica Island, developing a dedicated Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition system. Different experimental tests were performed to verify the management system performances. To emulate the case of power flow inversion due to an increase of distributed generated power an on-field distributed generator emulator was assembled in a mobile station and it was connected to a generic point of the low voltage network.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"11 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121005732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-02DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890222
B. Hammer, C. Fuhr, J. Hanson, U. Konigorski
Control of distribution networks and thus knowledge about their characteristics gain in importance. As the R/X ratio is significantly higher in distribution networks than in transmission networks, the coupling between real and reactive power flows cannot be neglected anymore. This is usually discussed based on the analysis of the power flow equations. This paper provides calculations for two exemplary networks: a high-voltage transmission and a low-voltage distribution network. By randomly drawing the loads’ power consumption from a predefined set, initial values are generated which are used to compute a large amount of power flows by means of power system state estimation. The comparison of these power flows in both networks reveals that besides the difference in R/X ratio, the differences in the magnitudes of the impedances are also remarkably important for system behavior and control. The system variables, active and reactive powers, magnitudes and phase angles of voltages are coupled differently in distribution networks compared to transmission networks. The implications of these results on primary controllers of inverters are discussed and the impact of the findings is demonstrated by analyzing the performance of different primary controllers in both test networks.
{"title":"Differences of Power Flows in Transmission and Distribution Networks and Implications on Inverter Droop Control","authors":"B. Hammer, C. Fuhr, J. Hanson, U. Konigorski","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890222","url":null,"abstract":"Control of distribution networks and thus knowledge about their characteristics gain in importance. As the R/X ratio is significantly higher in distribution networks than in transmission networks, the coupling between real and reactive power flows cannot be neglected anymore. This is usually discussed based on the analysis of the power flow equations. This paper provides calculations for two exemplary networks: a high-voltage transmission and a low-voltage distribution network. By randomly drawing the loads’ power consumption from a predefined set, initial values are generated which are used to compute a large amount of power flows by means of power system state estimation. The comparison of these power flows in both networks reveals that besides the difference in R/X ratio, the differences in the magnitudes of the impedances are also remarkably important for system behavior and control. The system variables, active and reactive powers, magnitudes and phase angles of voltages are coupled differently in distribution networks compared to transmission networks. The implications of these results on primary controllers of inverters are discussed and the impact of the findings is demonstrated by analyzing the performance of different primary controllers in both test networks.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127992884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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