Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890146
L. Costanzo, M. Vitelli
This paper is focused on resonant Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters (PVEHs). In all energy harvesting applications, and in particular in PVEH applications, the maximization of the extracted power is mandatory. It is well known that, in order to maximize the harvested power, it is necessary to get the optimal matching between the harvesting device and the load. In particular, in PVEH applications under purely sinusoidal input vibrations, in order to maximize the harvested power, the impedance of the load must be coincident with a well-defined optimal impedance ZOPT. However, in practical applications, the load of PVEHs is not a linear impedance, but it is nearly always represented by a non-linear AC/DC converter. In this paper, the full-bridge based active AC/DC architecture, that is theoretically able to emulate just the optimal impedance ZOPT, is analyzed in detail. In particular, a Two-Dimensional Perturb and Observe (TD-P&O) algorithm is proposed and discussed for the emulation of such an optimal impedance. Simulation results confirming the validity of the proposed TD-P&O algorithm and the increase of the extracted power with respect to the simpler case of a diode bridge rectifier source/load electronic interface are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Two-Dimensional P&O MPPT Technique for Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters","authors":"L. Costanzo, M. Vitelli","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890146","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is focused on resonant Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters (PVEHs). In all energy harvesting applications, and in particular in PVEH applications, the maximization of the extracted power is mandatory. It is well known that, in order to maximize the harvested power, it is necessary to get the optimal matching between the harvesting device and the load. In particular, in PVEH applications under purely sinusoidal input vibrations, in order to maximize the harvested power, the impedance of the load must be coincident with a well-defined optimal impedance ZOPT. However, in practical applications, the load of PVEHs is not a linear impedance, but it is nearly always represented by a non-linear AC/DC converter. In this paper, the full-bridge based active AC/DC architecture, that is theoretically able to emulate just the optimal impedance ZOPT, is analyzed in detail. In particular, a Two-Dimensional Perturb and Observe (TD-P&O) algorithm is proposed and discussed for the emulation of such an optimal impedance. Simulation results confirming the validity of the proposed TD-P&O algorithm and the increase of the extracted power with respect to the simpler case of a diode bridge rectifier source/load electronic interface are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131642932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890163
A. Fernández-Guillamón, Á. Molina-García, K. Das, M. Altin
This paper compares different open-source and commercial tools focused on power flow at distribution level with high wind power integration. A meshed topology grid is considered in our analysis, according to the last distribution networks recently proposed in the specific literature. An WSCC 9-bus standard model is considered for simulations, and all cases are simulated following this topology. Results show differences among the software packages, by considering different wind power generation scenarios in line with current wind integration road-maps.
{"title":"Comparison of different tools for power flow analysis with high wind power integration","authors":"A. Fernández-Guillamón, Á. Molina-García, K. Das, M. Altin","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890163","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares different open-source and commercial tools focused on power flow at distribution level with high wind power integration. A meshed topology grid is considered in our analysis, according to the last distribution networks recently proposed in the specific literature. An WSCC 9-bus standard model is considered for simulations, and all cases are simulated following this topology. Results show differences among the software packages, by considering different wind power generation scenarios in line with current wind integration road-maps.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890114
R. Faranda, N.V.K. Akkala, H. Hafezi
In order to increase the rate of transformation of traditional grid to a future Smart Grid, there is a huge necessity for enabling the end-user to become an activity participant. Technological and financial considerations are key driving factors in empowering the end-user. From a technological point of view end-user needs to manage his own load, power generated from renewables and also in providing the services to the grid. A promising and innovative solution to meet these needs of the end user in LV network is the Open UPQC (Open Unified Power Quality Conditioner). This device has been designed to meet different tasks required by an end-user (Power Quality, Demand Response, Ancillary Service, etc.). This paper presents the Shunt Unit of Open UPQC with RES (Renewable Energy Sources) as a solution which can provide all the necessary functionalities required by an end-user in enabling him to become an active participant in electrical grid transformation. The performance of the device is demonstrated using simulation results under online and island operation modes.
{"title":"Enabling End-User for LV Smart Grids","authors":"R. Faranda, N.V.K. Akkala, H. Hafezi","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890114","url":null,"abstract":"In order to increase the rate of transformation of traditional grid to a future Smart Grid, there is a huge necessity for enabling the end-user to become an activity participant. Technological and financial considerations are key driving factors in empowering the end-user. From a technological point of view end-user needs to manage his own load, power generated from renewables and also in providing the services to the grid. A promising and innovative solution to meet these needs of the end user in LV network is the Open UPQC (Open Unified Power Quality Conditioner). This device has been designed to meet different tasks required by an end-user (Power Quality, Demand Response, Ancillary Service, etc.). This paper presents the Shunt Unit of Open UPQC with RES (Renewable Energy Sources) as a solution which can provide all the necessary functionalities required by an end-user in enabling him to become an active participant in electrical grid transformation. The performance of the device is demonstrated using simulation results under online and island operation modes.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"20 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114027038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890118
H. Woo, Dong-Hee Lee
This paper presents a performance analysis of a generator-exciter combination system that implements both generator and exciter structures. In practical applications, permanent magnets (PMs) are commonly used in generators and exciters. The adaptation of PMs in wound generators or exciters creates the so-called hybrid structure. Three types of exciter that can be used for field excitation of the main generator are compared and their efficiency, along with the respective dynamic response, are analyzed. In order to improve the dynamic response and operating efficiency, a parallel hybrid generator and a PM exciter with a directly embedded field current controller are presented in this paper. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to find out the characteristics of the structure. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid generator system and the accuracy of the analysis results are confirmed through simulation and experiments.
{"title":"Efficiency and Performance Analysis of a Generator – Exciter Combination System","authors":"H. Woo, Dong-Hee Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890118","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a performance analysis of a generator-exciter combination system that implements both generator and exciter structures. In practical applications, permanent magnets (PMs) are commonly used in generators and exciters. The adaptation of PMs in wound generators or exciters creates the so-called hybrid structure. Three types of exciter that can be used for field excitation of the main generator are compared and their efficiency, along with the respective dynamic response, are analyzed. In order to improve the dynamic response and operating efficiency, a parallel hybrid generator and a PM exciter with a directly embedded field current controller are presented in this paper. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to find out the characteristics of the structure. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid generator system and the accuracy of the analysis results are confirmed through simulation and experiments.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117277432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890183
D. Coiro, D. Iannuzzi, M. Coppola, L. D. di Noia, G. Troise, N. Bizzarrini, Guido Lazzerini
The present work reports a study on a tidal current system named GEMSTAR, composed by two hydrokinetic turbines supported by a floating submerged structure. A flexible mooring cable links the floating support to the seabed allowing the free rotation of the system and its alignment to changing current direction. The work is mainly focused on the design of the turbine blade with two objectives: keeping a constant power output above the rated power condition and limiting the thrust increase between rated and maximum operating speed. A fixed pitch blade was considered, in order to reduce the costs associated to a complex pitch control mechanism. An analytical procedure for blade design is proposed and validated by comparison to other numerical methods. Above the rated current speed, the power is held constant while the rotational speed of the turbine and of the generator increases, assuming an over-speeding control strategy. The adopted design configuration relies on the possibility of the generator to operate in defluxing working conditions. As reported in the last part of the paper, a numerical model of the generator has also been developed and applied to a test case in order to analyse the electric behaviour of the system.
{"title":"Coupling fixed pitch rotor design to PMG de-fluxing control for GEMSTAR marine current turbine","authors":"D. Coiro, D. Iannuzzi, M. Coppola, L. D. di Noia, G. Troise, N. Bizzarrini, Guido Lazzerini","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890183","url":null,"abstract":"The present work reports a study on a tidal current system named GEMSTAR, composed by two hydrokinetic turbines supported by a floating submerged structure. A flexible mooring cable links the floating support to the seabed allowing the free rotation of the system and its alignment to changing current direction. The work is mainly focused on the design of the turbine blade with two objectives: keeping a constant power output above the rated power condition and limiting the thrust increase between rated and maximum operating speed. A fixed pitch blade was considered, in order to reduce the costs associated to a complex pitch control mechanism. An analytical procedure for blade design is proposed and validated by comparison to other numerical methods. Above the rated current speed, the power is held constant while the rotational speed of the turbine and of the generator increases, assuming an over-speeding control strategy. The adopted design configuration relies on the possibility of the generator to operate in defluxing working conditions. As reported in the last part of the paper, a numerical model of the generator has also been developed and applied to a test case in order to analyse the electric behaviour of the system.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"42 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113974455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890103
V. Vodovozov, A. Aksjonov, Vincenzo Ricciardi, Z. Raud
The paper is dedicated to maximal energy recovery in braking electric vehicles on different roads, from dry to icy, with accurate accounting the hybrid energy storage restrictions. A novel fuzzy antilock braking system is designed for torque adjustment within the consolidated electric and friction brakes. Guidelines are provided regarding the system topology and torque allocation among electric drive and hydraulic systems. Different tools were applied in the research: IPG CarMaker integrated with Matlab/Simulink for control simulation, eDrive for electromechanical process analysis, LabVIEW for fuzzy logic control management, and hardware-in-the-loop electro-hydraulic imitator integrated with dSpace software for experimentation.
{"title":"Fuzzy Control of Energy Recovery in Electric Vehicles with Hybrid Energy Storage","authors":"V. Vodovozov, A. Aksjonov, Vincenzo Ricciardi, Z. Raud","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890103","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dedicated to maximal energy recovery in braking electric vehicles on different roads, from dry to icy, with accurate accounting the hybrid energy storage restrictions. A novel fuzzy antilock braking system is designed for torque adjustment within the consolidated electric and friction brakes. Guidelines are provided regarding the system topology and torque allocation among electric drive and hydraulic systems. Different tools were applied in the research: IPG CarMaker integrated with Matlab/Simulink for control simulation, eDrive for electromechanical process analysis, LabVIEW for fuzzy logic control management, and hardware-in-the-loop electro-hydraulic imitator integrated with dSpace software for experimentation.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128908075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890127
E. Garayalde, I. Aizpuru, U. Iraola, Iván Sanz, C. Bernal, E. Oyarbide
Model Predictive Control has been widely used in the las decade for the control of AC converters and drives. However, it was not so used for DC-DC conversion. In this sense, the increasing use of batteries in all kinds of applications has generated greater interest in applying this modern control technique to DC-DC converters. In this paper, the system has been evaluated under two different Model Predictive Control strategies. In Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control the switching states are directly selected and applied, while in Continuous Control Set Model Predictive Control an additional modulation stage is needed to do that job. The particularities of each algorithm have been studied and analyzed. Simulation results are included to display the steady state and dynamic response, and also to show the main differences between the two algorithms. Experimental results are included to validate the previously simulated comparative analysis.
{"title":"Finite Control Set MPC vs Continuous Control Set MPC Performance Comparison for Synchronous Buck Converter Control in Energy Storage Application","authors":"E. Garayalde, I. Aizpuru, U. Iraola, Iván Sanz, C. Bernal, E. Oyarbide","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890127","url":null,"abstract":"Model Predictive Control has been widely used in the las decade for the control of AC converters and drives. However, it was not so used for DC-DC conversion. In this sense, the increasing use of batteries in all kinds of applications has generated greater interest in applying this modern control technique to DC-DC converters. In this paper, the system has been evaluated under two different Model Predictive Control strategies. In Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control the switching states are directly selected and applied, while in Continuous Control Set Model Predictive Control an additional modulation stage is needed to do that job. The particularities of each algorithm have been studied and analyzed. Simulation results are included to display the steady state and dynamic response, and also to show the main differences between the two algorithms. Experimental results are included to validate the previously simulated comparative analysis.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121962605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890099
M. Hunt, A. Benigni
Hybrid storage solutions have been proposed so to take advantage of the specific characteristic and performances of individual energy storage technologies. In this paper we analyze how the use of a supercapacitor in parallel with a traditional lithium battery can affect the cycle life of the battery itself. The simulation results show that the ratio between super capacitor capacity and battery capacity along with the shape of the load profile change the obtained battery life extension. The analysis performed in this paper is intended to support an economical convenient design of hybrid storage solutions for micro-grid applications.
{"title":"Evaluating the Extension of Batteries Life in Hybrid Storage Solutions","authors":"M. Hunt, A. Benigni","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890099","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid storage solutions have been proposed so to take advantage of the specific characteristic and performances of individual energy storage technologies. In this paper we analyze how the use of a supercapacitor in parallel with a traditional lithium battery can affect the cycle life of the battery itself. The simulation results show that the ratio between super capacitor capacity and battery capacity along with the shape of the load profile change the obtained battery life extension. The analysis performed in this paper is intended to support an economical convenient design of hybrid storage solutions for micro-grid applications.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127643619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890073
S. Djokic, R. Langella, I. Papič, Aljaž žPELKO, A. Testa
This paper addresses an important operational aspect of modern grids: the continuous assessment of low-order harmonic emissions from customer installations, taking into account temporal variations of system operating conditions. The Voltage Harmonic Vector (VHV) approach [1] is utilized while in a previous paper the modified IEC approach was used [2]. The presented results are obtained for actual and reference impedances of the supply system and customer installations, using the IEEE Benchmark Test System (BTS) previously proposed by the IEEE PES Task Force on harmonic Modelling, Simulation and Assessment. The simulation results for emission-relevant quantities confirm that this BTS can be used for probabilistic analysis, demonstrating the overall good performance of the VHV approach and illustrating differences in the results obtained with actual and reference impedances.
{"title":"Temporal Variations of System Operating Conditions and Continuous Assessment of Low-Order Harmonic Emissions from Customer Installations: Voltage Harmonic Vector Approach","authors":"S. Djokic, R. Langella, I. Papič, Aljaž žPELKO, A. Testa","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses an important operational aspect of modern grids: the continuous assessment of low-order harmonic emissions from customer installations, taking into account temporal variations of system operating conditions. The Voltage Harmonic Vector (VHV) approach [1] is utilized while in a previous paper the modified IEC approach was used [2]. The presented results are obtained for actual and reference impedances of the supply system and customer installations, using the IEEE Benchmark Test System (BTS) previously proposed by the IEEE PES Task Force on harmonic Modelling, Simulation and Assessment. The simulation results for emission-relevant quantities confirm that this BTS can be used for probabilistic analysis, demonstrating the overall good performance of the VHV approach and illustrating differences in the results obtained with actual and reference impedances.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130323109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890122
Bogdan Mociran, V. Topa, A. Verde, Raluca Oglejan
This paper proposes a simple and effective approach for identifying and selecting a single set of optimal values of the variables that compose the models subjected to the process improvement, throughout an iterative manner, without the designer’s intervention. The proposed algorithm is set to identify the extreme values of Pareto Front, to which 100% is assigned to the best values obtained for studied functions, and 0% to the lowest ones. Related to these maximum/minimum values, the other items from the front receive a percentage which is equivalent to their size. The next steps involve adding up these percentages for each set of values in particular, and then focusing over the three largest sums. The last step in choosing the solution is weighing the percentages obtained, after processing the data considering the homogeneity given by the standard deviation function, because it assumes that there are no criteria for the ranking of the objective functions, so that none of them can be maximized or minimized to the detriment of the others. The preferred solution is the one that has the standard deviation’s lowest value of the three sums selected. The algorithm NSGA-II and Comsol Multiphysics program were used to identify the edge points.
{"title":"A Robust Method of Choosing a Unique Solution within Pareto Front","authors":"Bogdan Mociran, V. Topa, A. Verde, Raluca Oglejan","doi":"10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEP.2019.8890122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a simple and effective approach for identifying and selecting a single set of optimal values of the variables that compose the models subjected to the process improvement, throughout an iterative manner, without the designer’s intervention. The proposed algorithm is set to identify the extreme values of Pareto Front, to which 100% is assigned to the best values obtained for studied functions, and 0% to the lowest ones. Related to these maximum/minimum values, the other items from the front receive a percentage which is equivalent to their size. The next steps involve adding up these percentages for each set of values in particular, and then focusing over the three largest sums. The last step in choosing the solution is weighing the percentages obtained, after processing the data considering the homogeneity given by the standard deviation function, because it assumes that there are no criteria for the ranking of the objective functions, so that none of them can be maximized or minimized to the detriment of the others. The preferred solution is the one that has the standard deviation’s lowest value of the three sums selected. The algorithm NSGA-II and Comsol Multiphysics program were used to identify the edge points.","PeriodicalId":277718,"journal":{"name":"2019 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132817489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：