Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898979
M. Cracraft, S. Connor, B. Archambeault
Return path discontinuities have been shown to have significant impact on high speed signals. Along with gaps in reference structures, return via placement can adversely affect signal integrity and radiated emissions. Of specific concern is mode conversion, often considered an indicator of radiated emission problems. Placing return vias around connectors is complicated by the presence of many signal pairs in a small area. Return vias are generally considered benign, but placing return vias can decrease the mode conversion for some pairs and increase it for others. This paper describes methods for efficiently optimizing via arrays containing many signal pairs. Genetic algorithms and a fast via solver are used for optimization studies to analyze mode conversion over regions around signal vias.
{"title":"Unintended effects of asymmetric return vias and via array design for reduced mode conversion","authors":"M. Cracraft, S. Connor, B. Archambeault","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898979","url":null,"abstract":"Return path discontinuities have been shown to have significant impact on high speed signals. Along with gaps in reference structures, return via placement can adversely affect signal integrity and radiated emissions. Of specific concern is mode conversion, often considered an indicator of radiated emission problems. Placing return vias around connectors is complicated by the presence of many signal pairs in a small area. Return vias are generally considered benign, but placing return vias can decrease the mode conversion for some pairs and increase it for others. This paper describes methods for efficiently optimizing via arrays containing many signal pairs. Genetic algorithms and a fast via solver are used for optimization studies to analyze mode conversion over regions around signal vias.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132520564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898969
A. Elkadi, S. El-Ghazaly
In this paper, we introduce an efficient approach to estimate the losses of carbon nanotube-based devices. The approach is based on realistic operational parameters beyond quantum limits. It calculates the electric resistance and conductance for different devices with different numbers of carbon nanotubes. The model shows good agreement with experimental data. An efficient approach to estimate the number of nanotubes per device has also been developed. The model can be easily implemented in commercial simulators.
{"title":"Modeling of carbon nanotube-metal contact losses in electronic devices","authors":"A. Elkadi, S. El-Ghazaly","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898969","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introduce an efficient approach to estimate the losses of carbon nanotube-based devices. The approach is based on realistic operational parameters beyond quantum limits. It calculates the electric resistance and conductance for different devices with different numbers of carbon nanotubes. The model shows good agreement with experimental data. An efficient approach to estimate the number of nanotubes per device has also been developed. The model can be easily implemented in commercial simulators.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115215024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898966
G. Lovat, R. Araneo, S. Celozzi
The shielding performance of planar conductive nanoscreens against transient sources are studied in detail by means of an approximate semi-analytical formulation based on a Cagniard-De Hoop approach. In the presence of a pulsed electric-line source, such a formulation allows for easily deriving the transient fields as a single convolution integral. Several definitions of time-domain shielding effectiveness, recently introduced in the literature, can thus be discussed and compared with the conventional time-harmonic shielding effectiveness. Comparisons with results obtained numerically through an exact canonical double inverse Fourier transform are also provided, showing the accuracy of the proposed semi-analytical formulation for screens with nanometric thickness.
{"title":"Time-Domain shielding effectiveness of planar conductive nanoscreens","authors":"G. Lovat, R. Araneo, S. Celozzi","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898966","url":null,"abstract":"The shielding performance of planar conductive nanoscreens against transient sources are studied in detail by means of an approximate semi-analytical formulation based on a Cagniard-De Hoop approach. In the presence of a pulsed electric-line source, such a formulation allows for easily deriving the transient fields as a single convolution integral. Several definitions of time-domain shielding effectiveness, recently introduced in the literature, can thus be discussed and compared with the conventional time-harmonic shielding effectiveness. Comparisons with results obtained numerically through an exact canonical double inverse Fourier transform are also provided, showing the accuracy of the proposed semi-analytical formulation for screens with nanometric thickness.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123957880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899033
W. Price, Benjamin Andros
Corona onset at the surface of an airborne antenna may limit radiated power and operating altitude. Corona may also be a source of severe electromagnetic interference to co-located receivers. Corona onset is a function of electric field strength and the maximum electric field produced by a linear antenna is usually at the antenna's surface. The electric fields at the surface of a cylindrical monopole are investigated both theoretically and by simulation. The partition theory of Schelkunoff and Friis is employed.
{"title":"The electric field at the surface of a cylindrical monopole","authors":"W. Price, Benjamin Andros","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899033","url":null,"abstract":"Corona onset at the surface of an airborne antenna may limit radiated power and operating altitude. Corona may also be a source of severe electromagnetic interference to co-located receivers. Corona onset is a function of electric field strength and the maximum electric field produced by a linear antenna is usually at the antenna's surface. The electric fields at the surface of a cylindrical monopole are investigated both theoretically and by simulation. The partition theory of Schelkunoff and Friis is employed.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"244 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121380193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899087
W. Xu, Jin Fang, Jiangqi He, T. Kim
Switching voltage regulator (VR) modeling has numerous advantages over the conventional state average VR modeling methodology, in terms of accuracy, functionality, tuning capability, and extended applications on EMI. In previous work, switching VR modeling based on Pspice was discussed in the work of Xu and Zhong (2013). However, it is fairly accurate with simulation time limited by circuit complexity and often results in convergence issues. Besides, due to the SPICE nature, a separate average model has to be derived in order to simulate its AC performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel switching VR modeling methodology in Simplis environment, together with Intel latest server platform collaterals. In addition to excellent AC/Transient correlations, the Simplis modeling demonstrates the capability of simulating VR controller specific functions, such as dynamic voltage identification (DVID), Advanced Transient Algorithm (ATA), auto phase shedding, etc. The results in combination reveal an exciting potential that system designers now can co-design VR and board level power delivery to achieve best overall performance and cost solutions.
与传统的状态平均VR建模方法相比，开关稳压器(VR)建模在精度、功能、调谐能力和EMI扩展应用方面具有许多优势。在之前的工作中，Xu and Zhong(2013)的工作讨论了基于Pspice的切换VR建模。然而，由于电路的复杂性限制了仿真时间，这种方法的精度很高，而且常常导致收敛问题。此外，由于SPICE的性质，为了模拟其交流性能，必须推导单独的平均模型。在本文中，我们介绍了一种在Simplis环境下的新颖的交换VR建模方法，以及英特尔最新的服务器平台产品。除了出色的交流/瞬态相关性外，Simplis建模还展示了模拟VR控制器特定功能的能力，例如动态电压识别(DVID)，高级瞬态算法(ATA)，自动减相等。综合结果显示，系统设计师现在可以共同设计VR和板级电源，以实现最佳的整体性能和成本解决方案，这是一个令人兴奋的潜力。
{"title":"Switching voltage regulator modeling and its applications in power delivery design","authors":"W. Xu, Jin Fang, Jiangqi He, T. Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899087","url":null,"abstract":"Switching voltage regulator (VR) modeling has numerous advantages over the conventional state average VR modeling methodology, in terms of accuracy, functionality, tuning capability, and extended applications on EMI. In previous work, switching VR modeling based on Pspice was discussed in the work of Xu and Zhong (2013). However, it is fairly accurate with simulation time limited by circuit complexity and often results in convergence issues. Besides, due to the SPICE nature, a separate average model has to be derived in order to simulate its AC performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel switching VR modeling methodology in Simplis environment, together with Intel latest server platform collaterals. In addition to excellent AC/Transient correlations, the Simplis modeling demonstrates the capability of simulating VR controller specific functions, such as dynamic voltage identification (DVID), Advanced Transient Algorithm (ATA), auto phase shedding, etc. The results in combination reveal an exciting potential that system designers now can co-design VR and board level power delivery to achieve best overall performance and cost solutions.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121396732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898932
Chun-Hao Hsu, Heng-Yu Jian
This paper introduces a system to accurately measure conducted out-of-band (OOB) noise of IEEE 802.11b/g/a/n/ac transmitter signals in cellular frequencies with a spectrum analyzer. The low-level (<;160dBm/Hz) OOB noise measurement is usually limited by the dynamic range and the thermal noise of a spectrum analyzer. The proposed setup notches out transmitter signals, amplifies OOB noise and uses the noise calibration technique to detect noise power down to -169dBm with 99.73% confidence level for frequencies below 2.4GHz, and -167dBm for frequency from 2.5GHz-2.7GHz. The measured OOB noise is verified with a noise source and with less than <;0.5dB error.
{"title":"A system to measure out-of-band noise of IEEE 802.11b/g/a/n/ac transmitter signals in cellular frequency bands with noise calibration","authors":"Chun-Hao Hsu, Heng-Yu Jian","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898932","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a system to accurately measure conducted out-of-band (OOB) noise of IEEE 802.11b/g/a/n/ac transmitter signals in cellular frequencies with a spectrum analyzer. The low-level (<;160dBm/Hz) OOB noise measurement is usually limited by the dynamic range and the thermal noise of a spectrum analyzer. The proposed setup notches out transmitter signals, amplifies OOB noise and uses the noise calibration technique to detect noise power down to -169dBm with 99.73% confidence level for frequencies below 2.4GHz, and -167dBm for frequency from 2.5GHz-2.7GHz. The measured OOB noise is verified with a noise source and with less than <;0.5dB error.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122985184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899052
Nicholas Erickson, J. Fan, Xu Gao, B. Achkir, Siming Pan
In this paper, the de-embedding study presented in the work of Erickson et al. (2013) is extended from the simulation environment to the measurement environment; the three presented de-embedding methods are applied to measurements of on-chip coplanar traces for two different test ICs. Additionally, the Hybrid technique presented in work of Erickson et al. is reformulated so that only two measurement standards are required, as opposed to three. The results of de-embedding the measurement data are discussed, as well as challenges with making the measurements.
本文将Erickson et al.(2013)的工作中提出的去嵌入研究从仿真环境扩展到测量环境;将这三种去嵌入方法应用于两种不同测试集成电路的片上共面走线的测量。此外，Erickson等人的工作中提出的混合技术被重新表述，因此只需要两个测量标准，而不是三个。讨论了测量数据去嵌入的结果，以及进行测量时面临的挑战。
{"title":"De-embedding techniques for transmission lines: An application to measurements of on-chip coplanar traces","authors":"Nicholas Erickson, J. Fan, Xu Gao, B. Achkir, Siming Pan","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899052","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the de-embedding study presented in the work of Erickson et al. (2013) is extended from the simulation environment to the measurement environment; the three presented de-embedding methods are applied to measurements of on-chip coplanar traces for two different test ICs. Additionally, the Hybrid technique presented in work of Erickson et al. is reformulated so that only two measurement standards are required, as opposed to three. The results of de-embedding the measurement data are discussed, as well as challenges with making the measurements.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125892680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899039
H. Fielitz, J. Luiken ter Haseborg
In today's harbors communication is a critical factor for cost, reliability and safety. Several systems for voice and data transmission using many different transmission standards and frequencies on the pier and onboard are in use. An inexpensive and reliable high data rate communication link between ship and pier has not been realized yet. The land based complex metallic structures (containers, cranes etc.) produce multiple reflections of the transmitted signals which may interfere and lead to dead areas where communication is blocked due to destructive interference. Other communication systems may work in the same frequency band which leads to concurrent frequency usage. Multiple transmission systems on the same frequency lead to a degradation of the performance of each system, e.g. lower data rates, higher latencies. In this paper the EMC and the propagation effects of a wireless system for marine use in the 2.4 GHz are investigated. To overcome the disadvantages of concurrent frequency usage and multipath propagation the use of a phased array antenna system is presented.
{"title":"Reliable Wi-Fi communication in EMC critical multipath propagation environment using phased array antennas","authors":"H. Fielitz, J. Luiken ter Haseborg","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6899039","url":null,"abstract":"In today's harbors communication is a critical factor for cost, reliability and safety. Several systems for voice and data transmission using many different transmission standards and frequencies on the pier and onboard are in use. An inexpensive and reliable high data rate communication link between ship and pier has not been realized yet. The land based complex metallic structures (containers, cranes etc.) produce multiple reflections of the transmitted signals which may interfere and lead to dead areas where communication is blocked due to destructive interference. Other communication systems may work in the same frequency band which leads to concurrent frequency usage. Multiple transmission systems on the same frequency lead to a degradation of the performance of each system, e.g. lower data rates, higher latencies. In this paper the EMC and the propagation effects of a wireless system for marine use in the 2.4 GHz are investigated. To overcome the disadvantages of concurrent frequency usage and multipath propagation the use of a phased array antenna system is presented.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116667080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898961
J. Feng, Guang Gong
Wireless LANs, or WiFi, have enabled many new applications due to their wireless nature. One such application is location service which allows devices to determine its location using information from WiFi infrastructure. However, wireless communication is susceptible to eavesdropping and jamming. Once the wireless signal is jammed, an attacker can set up fake access points to impersonate a legitimate access point. In this paper, this attack is performed specifically to trick WiFi-based location services. Our paper shows that the attack works on Skyhook, Google, Apple and Microsoft location services, four of the major location service providers, and works on dual-band hardware.
{"title":"WiFi-based location services attack on dual-band hardware","authors":"J. Feng, Guang Gong","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898961","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless LANs, or WiFi, have enabled many new applications due to their wireless nature. One such application is location service which allows devices to determine its location using information from WiFi infrastructure. However, wireless communication is susceptible to eavesdropping and jamming. Once the wireless signal is jammed, an attacker can set up fake access points to impersonate a legitimate access point. In this paper, this attack is performed specifically to trick WiFi-based location services. Our paper shows that the attack works on Skyhook, Google, Apple and Microsoft location services, four of the major location service providers, and works on dual-band hardware.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121954687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898935
G. Tait, C. Hager
Radio-frequency (RF) wireless communications and sensor networks are currently being deployed in coupled reflective spaces commonly found in aviation, shipping, automotive, and warehousing industries. In this work, a general time-dependent RF energy propagation model is demonstrated and validated from channel measurements conducted in the below-deck spaces of a ship. Measurement results indicate that the model can be applied with very good accuracy to real complex coupled spaces. The derived channel model parameters aid in making electromagnetic compatibility assessments of wireless network emissions in these multipath environments.
{"title":"On modeling wireless radio-frequency energy propagation in below-deck ship spaces","authors":"G. Tait, C. Hager","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.2014.6898935","url":null,"abstract":"Radio-frequency (RF) wireless communications and sensor networks are currently being deployed in coupled reflective spaces commonly found in aviation, shipping, automotive, and warehousing industries. In this work, a general time-dependent RF energy propagation model is demonstrated and validated from channel measurements conducted in the below-deck spaces of a ship. Measurement results indicate that the model can be applied with very good accuracy to real complex coupled spaces. The derived channel model parameters aid in making electromagnetic compatibility assessments of wireless network emissions in these multipath environments.","PeriodicalId":279929,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122123140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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