Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200233
Paola Fajardo-Heyward
This article summarizes the political developments that took place in Colombia during 2017 and highlights the implementation of the Peace Accord signed between the Government of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. The first section assesses of the implementation of the accord. The second section focuses on the performance of the main economic indicators during 2017. The third and fourth sections discuss changes to the President’s Cabinet and the Legislative agenda, respectively. The fifth section reviews the relationship between Colombia and the United States, as well as the impact of the crisis in Venezuela. Finally, the article provides final thoughts about the issues that will influence the new administration of Colombia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200233
{"title":"Colombia 2017: entre la implementación y la incertidumbre","authors":"Paola Fajardo-Heyward","doi":"10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200233","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarizes the political developments that took place in Colombia during 2017 and highlights the implementation of the Peace Accord signed between the Government of Colombia and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 2016. The first section assesses of the implementation of the accord. The second section focuses on the performance of the main economic indicators during 2017. The third and fourth sections discuss changes to the President’s Cabinet and the Legislative agenda, respectively. The fifth section reviews the relationship between Colombia and the United States, as well as the impact of the crisis in Venezuela. Finally, the article provides final thoughts about the issues that will influence the new administration of Colombia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200233","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129504180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200207
Sergio Toro Maureira, Macarena Valenzuela Beltrán
{"title":"Chile 2017: ambiciones, estrategias y expectativas en el estreno de las nuevas reglas electorales","authors":"Sergio Toro Maureira, Macarena Valenzuela Beltrán","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126431990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200379
Fabricio Carneiro, Federico Traversa
The year 2017 seemed a possible turning point for the economic, social and political model of the ruling party, Frente Amplio, which has governed Uruguay since 2005. The political and economic scenario was particularly sensitive for the government, both at the domestic and international levels. However, the year closed with unexpected economic growth, the improvement of some important social indicators, and the return of the parliamentary majorities that the Frente Amplio had lost in 2016. At the same time, new conflicts opened for the government, especially on the internal front. Among them, the process that led to the resignation of the Vice President of the Republic Raul Sendic, the negotiation processes for securing of an investment by the Finnish company UPM, the attempt to reform the “Caja Militar,” and the generation of agreements for the so-called “Ley de los Cincuentones.” For different reasons, these con icts produced tensions within the Executive branch of the government, which finally settled over the course of the year. As has happened on other occasions, the Frente Amplio’s internal politics were revealed as an especially relevant area for negotiation and decision-making related to the resolution of conflicts between the Executive and the governing party. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200379
从2005年开始执政的执政党阿普里奥阵线(Frente Amplio)的经济、社会和政治模式看来，2017年可能是一个转折点。无论是在国内还是在国际层面，政治和经济形势对政府来说都特别敏感。然而，这一年以意想不到的经济增长、一些重要的社会指标的改善以及在2016年失去的阵线议会多数席位的回归而结束。与此同时，新的冲突又出现在政府面前，特别是在内部战线上。其中，导致共和国副总统Raul Sendic辞职的过程，确保芬兰UPM公司投资的谈判过程，改革Caja Militar的尝试，以及为所谓的“Ley de los Cincuentones”达成协议的过程。由于不同的原因，这些冲突在政府行政部门内部产生了紧张关系，最终在一年的时间里得到了解决。正如在其他场合所发生的那样，人们发现阿普里奥阵线的内部政治是与解决行政当局和执政党之间的冲突有关的谈判和决策的一个特别重要的领域。DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718 - 090 x2018000200379
{"title":"Uruguay 2017: reactivación económica y nuevos conflictos políticos","authors":"Fabricio Carneiro, Federico Traversa","doi":"10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-090X2018000200379","url":null,"abstract":"The year 2017 seemed a possible turning point for the economic, social and political model of the ruling party, Frente Amplio, which has governed Uruguay since 2005. The political and economic scenario was particularly sensitive for the government, both at the domestic and international levels. However, the year closed with unexpected economic growth, the improvement of some important social indicators, and the return of the parliamentary majorities that the Frente Amplio had lost in 2016. At the same time, new conflicts opened for the government, especially on the internal front. Among them, the process that led to the resignation of the Vice President of the Republic Raul Sendic, the negotiation processes for securing of an investment by the Finnish company UPM, the attempt to reform the “Caja Militar,” and the generation of agreements for the so-called “Ley de los Cincuentones.” For different reasons, these con icts produced tensions within the Executive branch of the government, which finally settled over the course of the year. As has happened on other occasions, the Frente Amplio’s internal politics were revealed as an especially relevant area for negotiation and decision-making related to the resolution of conflicts between the Executive and the governing party. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2018000200379","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133991392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000112
Eduardo Dargent Bocanegra, S. Rousseau
{"title":"Perú 2020: ¿El quiebre de la continuidad?","authors":"Eduardo Dargent Bocanegra, S. Rousseau","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126657447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000114
C. Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Javier Sajuria
{"title":"Chile 2020: pandemia y plebiscito constitucional","authors":"C. Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Javier Sajuria","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115575057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000123
Maiah Jaskoski
This article examines how local communities mobilized against extraction use the public hearing that is part of environmental impact assessment. Based on analysis of thirteen important hydrocarbon and mining conflicts in Peru, it observes that in some cases communities acted within the provided participatory space, whereas in other cases they organized “around” or “in reaction” to it, using the institutional procedures as focal points for escalating conflict. The study explains variation in community uses of the hearing using three variables: the stage of planned extraction at the time that conflict broke out; whether the project design placed mobilized actors inside or outside of the project’s area of direct impact; and the degree of unity among the “insiders.”
{"title":"Conflicto y estrategia social en la minería y los hidrocarburos peruanos: Los usos variados de la participación en la evaluación de impacto ambiental","authors":"Maiah Jaskoski","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000123","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how local communities mobilized against extraction use the public hearing that is part of environmental impact assessment. Based on analysis of thirteen important hydrocarbon and mining conflicts in Peru, it observes that in some cases communities acted within the provided participatory space, whereas in other cases they organized “around” or “in reaction” to it, using the institutional procedures as focal points for escalating conflict. The study explains variation in community uses of the hearing using three variables: the stage of planned extraction at the time that conflict broke out; whether the project design placed mobilized actors inside or outside of the project’s area of direct impact; and the degree of unity among the “insiders.”","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131581092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2022005000103
Mariana Lyra, Mike Ribeiro
This article seeks to identify the conditions that lead Latin American International Organizations (IOs) to remain active or to paralize. It surveys various elements identified by IO literature that accounts for the IOs activity/paralysis and applies Qualitative Comparative Analysis to search for configurations that explain the outcomes. By exploring 31 IOs in the Americas, the analysis shows that adequate staff is crucial for an IO to maintain regular activities in the region. High-quality staff and large teams are sufficient to keep regular operations, with the possible tradeoff either by restricting IOs’ scope or having a high number of member states. Conversely, we found that a more complex combination of institutional features and external aspects is needed for Latin American IOs to paralyze. Small teams and diminished political autonomy combined with low levels of statehood and member states that contest the organizations proved to be a consistent path to drive IOs not to operate regularly.
{"title":"What Leads International Organizations in Latin America to be Active or Paralyzed? a Qualitative Comparative Analysis","authors":"Mariana Lyra, Mike Ribeiro","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2022005000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2022005000103","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to identify the conditions that lead Latin American International Organizations (IOs) to remain active or to paralize. It surveys various elements identified by IO literature that accounts for the IOs activity/paralysis and applies Qualitative Comparative Analysis to search for configurations that explain the outcomes. By exploring 31 IOs in the Americas, the analysis shows that adequate staff is crucial for an IO to maintain regular activities in the region. High-quality staff and large teams are sufficient to keep regular operations, with the possible tradeoff either by restricting IOs’ scope or having a high number of member states. Conversely, we found that a more complex combination of institutional features and external aspects is needed for Latin American IOs to paralyze. Small teams and diminished political autonomy combined with low levels of statehood and member states that contest the organizations proved to be a consistent path to drive IOs not to operate regularly.","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128230513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000110
Florencia Montal, Patricio Yamin Vázquez
{"title":"Argentina 2020: pandemia, deuda externa y la región a la derecha","authors":"Florencia Montal, Patricio Yamin Vázquez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-090x2021005000110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":279932,"journal":{"name":"Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116608870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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