Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000320
Kemal Çetin
DNA isolation is a crucial procedure since DNA-based assays have great importance in molecular biology, biochemistry and biomedical applications. The objective of this study is to fabricate micron-sized hydrogels as adsorbents for DNA. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) microgels were synthesized by free radical polymerization in the presence of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker, in the microholes of a microstencil array chip. Then, adenine was immobilized to microgels through the epoxy groups of glycidyl methacrylate. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the chemical and morphological characterizations of the microgels. Adsorption studies were carried out to determine the optimal conditions for DNA adsorption of nucleobase-immobilized microgels. After initially increasing, the quantity of DNA adsorbed onto the microgels reached a saturation level at a DNA concentration of around 2.0 mg/mL. The maximum adsorption was 38.54 mg/g microgels for an initial DNA concentration of 2.0 mg/mL in the optimum medium pH and temperature. DNA adsorption capabilities are shown to not significantly decline in recurrent adsorption-desorption cycles. As a result of the findings, adenine-immobilized microgels were demonstrated to be a viable option for DNA adsorption.
DNA 分离是一个关键步骤，因为基于 DNA 的检测在分子生物学、生物化学和生物医学应用中具有重要意义。本研究的目的是制造微米大小的水凝胶作为 DNA 的吸附剂。在 N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺作为交联剂的存在下，通过自由基聚合法在微模板阵列芯片的微孔中合成了聚(2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)微凝胶。然后，通过甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的环氧基团将腺嘌呤固定在微凝胶上。扫描电子显微镜和傅立叶变换红外光谱被用来研究微凝胶的化学和形态特征。通过吸附研究确定了核酸酶固定化微凝胶吸附 DNA 的最佳条件。DNA吸附在微凝胶上的数量在最初增加后，在DNA浓度约为2.0毫克/毫升时达到饱和水平。在最佳 pH 值和温度条件下，初始 DNA 浓度为 2.0 毫克/毫升时，微凝胶的最大吸附量为 38.54 毫克/克。在反复的吸附-解吸循环中，DNA 吸附能力没有明显下降。研究结果表明，腺嘌呤固定化微凝胶是吸附 DNA 的可行选择。
{"title":"Nucleobase-modified microgels synthesized via microfabrication technology for DNA adsorption","authors":"Kemal Çetin","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000320","url":null,"abstract":"DNA isolation is a crucial procedure since DNA-based assays have great importance in molecular biology, biochemistry and biomedical applications. The objective of this study is to fabricate micron-sized hydrogels as adsorbents for DNA. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) microgels were synthesized by free radical polymerization in the presence of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker, in the microholes of a microstencil array chip. Then, adenine was immobilized to microgels through the epoxy groups of glycidyl methacrylate. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to investigate the chemical and morphological characterizations of the microgels. Adsorption studies were carried out to determine the optimal conditions for DNA adsorption of nucleobase-immobilized microgels. After initially increasing, the quantity of DNA adsorbed onto the microgels reached a saturation level at a DNA concentration of around 2.0 mg/mL. The maximum adsorption was 38.54 mg/g microgels for an initial DNA concentration of 2.0 mg/mL in the optimum medium pH and temperature. DNA adsorption capabilities are shown to not significantly decline in recurrent adsorption-desorption cycles. As a result of the findings, adenine-immobilized microgels were demonstrated to be a viable option for DNA adsorption.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000296
E. Bağda
In the present study a new kinetic catalytic method was developed for the sensitive determination of selenium in pharmaceutical formulations. The reaction between basic blue 3 (BB3) and sulphide catalysed by Se (IV) in the presence of acetic-phosphoric-boric acid buffer system. The decrease in the absorbance at 654 nm indicated the reduction of BB3. The presence of selenium (IV) accelerated the reaction rate. The method based on the linear correlation between amount of Se(IV) and reaction rate. Under optimum conditions, the linear calibration range was found as 0.1-2.0 µg ml-1 by the fixed time method for the 0.5-5 min. The tolerance limits of various species was also studied. The interfering effect of some cations such as Cr3+, Fe3+, and Hg2+ was reduced with using cation exchange resin. The proposed method was successfully applied to spiked nasal spray and veterinary drug samples. Besides, total selenium, Se (IV) and Se (VI) speciation also conducted with reducing Se (VI) to Se (IV) with HCl in the synthetic mixtures.
{"title":"Determination and Speciation of Selenium in Pharmaceutical Samples, Spiked Veterinary Drug Samples with a Kinetic Catalytic Method","authors":"E. Bağda","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000296","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study a new kinetic catalytic method was developed for the sensitive determination of selenium in pharmaceutical formulations. The reaction between basic blue 3 (BB3) and sulphide catalysed by Se (IV) in the presence of acetic-phosphoric-boric acid buffer system. The decrease in the absorbance at 654 nm indicated the reduction of BB3. The presence of selenium (IV) accelerated the reaction rate. The method based on the linear correlation between amount of Se(IV) and reaction rate. Under optimum conditions, the linear calibration range was found as 0.1-2.0 µg ml-1 by the fixed time method for the 0.5-5 min. The tolerance limits of various species was also studied. The interfering effect of some cations such as Cr3+, Fe3+, and Hg2+ was reduced with using cation exchange resin. The proposed method was successfully applied to spiked nasal spray and veterinary drug samples. Besides, total selenium, Se (IV) and Se (VI) speciation also conducted with reducing Se (VI) to Se (IV) with HCl in the synthetic mixtures.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129989987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000298
Eren Gödek, Kamile TOSUN FELEKOĞLU
In this study, the effect of image resolution on the determination of mechanical parameters and multiple crack properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) was investigated by digital image correlation (DIC). For this purpose, low and high resolution images were captured during the tensile loading of ECC by using two cameras simultaneously. DIC analyzes were performed on the images and results were compared both within themselves and with the traditional method. Mechanical parameters have been successfully calculated with DIC analysis and consistent values obtained with traditional methodology. However, high resolution images were found to be more effective for detecting pattern properties than low resolution images. It resulted in low strain error when using high resolution images compared to low resolution images in DIC analysis. Finally, when the high resolution images were used in DIC analysis as opposed to the low resolution images, both the detected number of cracks and calculated crack widths were obtained accurately. This situation was proven by local strain maps provided by DIC.
{"title":"Effect of Camera Resolution on the Determination of Mechanical and Multiple Crack Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites via Digital Image Correlation","authors":"Eren Gödek, Kamile TOSUN FELEKOĞLU","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000298","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effect of image resolution on the determination of mechanical parameters and multiple crack properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) was investigated by digital image correlation (DIC). For this purpose, low and high resolution images were captured during the tensile loading of ECC by using two cameras simultaneously. DIC analyzes were performed on the images and results were compared both within themselves and with the traditional method. Mechanical parameters have been successfully calculated with DIC analysis and consistent values obtained with traditional methodology. However, high resolution images were found to be more effective for detecting pattern properties than low resolution images. It resulted in low strain error when using high resolution images compared to low resolution images in DIC analysis. Finally, when the high resolution images were used in DIC analysis as opposed to the low resolution images, both the detected number of cracks and calculated crack widths were obtained accurately. This situation was proven by local strain maps provided by DIC.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000303
S. Aytaç
In this study, new pyridine-based imine compounds (8-10) were synthesized and docking studies of these compounds against D2 Dopamine receptor (6CM4) were performed. The structures of these compounds, which were synthesized using the microwave method, were determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis techniques. The binding energy values vary range from -6.79 to -7.07 kcal/mol with D2 Dopamine Receptor/PDB: 6MC4. Compound 10 (-7.07 kcal mol-1) showed better binding energy than 9 (-6.95 kcal mol-1) and 8 (-6.79 kcal/mol).
{"title":"Synthesis of Pyridine-Based Imine Compounds and Molecular Docking Studies Against Dopamine D2 Receptors","authors":"S. Aytaç","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000303","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, new pyridine-based imine compounds (8-10) were synthesized and docking studies of these compounds against D2 Dopamine receptor (6CM4) were performed. The structures of these compounds, which were synthesized using the microwave method, were determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis techniques. The binding energy values vary range from -6.79 to -7.07 kcal/mol with D2 Dopamine Receptor/PDB: 6MC4. Compound 10 (-7.07 kcal mol-1) showed better binding energy than 9 (-6.95 kcal mol-1) and 8 (-6.79 kcal/mol).","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117171834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000304
Ö. Gündoğdu
In the present study, new chalcone derivatives (5a–5f) obtained from the condensation reaction of cuminaldehyde and acetophenone compounds containing different substituents were reported. Chemical characterization (1HNMR and 13CNMR analysis) and molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds were performed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and reference drug (metachalcone). Erlotinib was used as the reference ligand. Compound 5 (-7.6 kcal mol-1), compound 6 (-7.38 kcal mol-1), and compound 7 (-7.44 kcal mol-1) were found to be the strongest inhibitors of EGFR when compared to Erlotinib (-7.0 kcal mol-1). In addition, an ADME estimation was made. It was determined that the synthesized compounds could be potent EGFR inhibitors compared to Erlotinib. Compounds 5-7 and the target protein showed a better binding affinity for EGFR than the reference compound (Erlotinib). The synthesized compounds can be potent inhibitors for EGFR-mutated cancers.
{"title":"Molecular Docking Studies and ADME Predictions on Synthesized Chalcone Compounds Targeting EGFR","authors":"Ö. Gündoğdu","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000304","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, new chalcone derivatives (5a–5f) obtained from the condensation reaction of cuminaldehyde and acetophenone compounds containing different substituents were reported. Chemical characterization (1HNMR and 13CNMR analysis) and molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds were performed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and reference drug (metachalcone). Erlotinib was used as the reference ligand. Compound 5 (-7.6 kcal mol-1), compound 6 (-7.38 kcal mol-1), and compound 7 (-7.44 kcal mol-1) were found to be the strongest inhibitors of EGFR when compared to Erlotinib (-7.0 kcal mol-1). In addition, an ADME estimation was made. It was determined that the synthesized compounds could be potent EGFR inhibitors compared to Erlotinib. Compounds 5-7 and the target protein showed a better binding affinity for EGFR than the reference compound (Erlotinib). The synthesized compounds can be potent inhibitors for EGFR-mutated cancers.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126185684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000299
Miraç Oğuz, B. Akar, Cemallettin Baltaci
In this study, the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of the commercially produced 15 pomegranate sour samples and one control sample were determined and their compliance with the TS 12720 (traditional sour pomegranate concentrate standard) was evaluated. Antioxidant activity values of pomegranate sours extracts were determined using 6 different methods. The samples had strong antioxidant capacity, except for N10 and N15. In addition, glucose, fructose, sucrose, HMF and acidity measurements of the same samples did not show compatibility with TS 12720. The pH values of the samples of N7, N8, N10, N11, N14 and N15 were not in accordance with the standard values (2.4-4.0) The titratable acidity values measured in samples of N1, N3, N4, N6, N10, N13, N15 were below the value (>6.0% (m/m)) in the standard. While the brix values of the samples were measured between 59.20-75.70, the brix values of the N12, N13 and N14 samples were determined below the standard brix value (>68%). The highest HMF value of the samples were determined as 8117.66. According to TSE 12720, the HMF content should be not exceed 50 mg/kg. However, the HMF values of the samples were detected above the maximum limit value except for N8 and N16.
{"title":"Physicochemical Analysis of Pomegranate Sours Produced by Traditional Method in Türkiye and The Investigation of Antioxidant Properties","authors":"Miraç Oğuz, B. Akar, Cemallettin Baltaci","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000299","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of the commercially produced 15 pomegranate sour samples and one control sample were determined and their compliance with the TS 12720 (traditional sour pomegranate concentrate standard) was evaluated. Antioxidant activity values of pomegranate sours extracts were determined using 6 different methods. The samples had strong antioxidant capacity, except for N10 and N15. In addition, glucose, fructose, sucrose, HMF and acidity measurements of the same samples did not show compatibility with TS 12720. The pH values of the samples of N7, N8, N10, N11, N14 and N15 were not in accordance with the standard values (2.4-4.0) The titratable acidity values measured in samples of N1, N3, N4, N6, N10, N13, N15 were below the value (>6.0% (m/m)) in the standard. While the brix values of the samples were measured between 59.20-75.70, the brix values of the N12, N13 and N14 samples were determined below the standard brix value (>68%). The highest HMF value of the samples were determined as 8117.66. According to TSE 12720, the HMF content should be not exceed 50 mg/kg. However, the HMF values of the samples were detected above the maximum limit value except for N8 and N16.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"555 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127077118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000302
F. Senturk
Magnetic nano hyperthermia (MNH) is a promising technique for the treatment of a variety of malignancies. This non-invasive technique employs magnetic nanoparticles and alternating magnetic fields to generate local heat at the tumor location, which activates cell death pathways. However, the efficacy of MNH is dependent on the physicochemical properties of the magnetic nanoparticles, such as size, size distribution, magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and dispersibility in the medium. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the heating capacity of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol) di-block copolymer (PLGA-b-PEG) coated monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) as an effective mediator for MNH application. For this purpose, monodisperse IONs with a narrow size distribution and a mean particle size of 8.6 nm have been synthesized via the thermal decomposition method. The resulting IONs were then coated with the PEGylated-PLGA polymer and homogeneously dispersed in the polymeric matrix, which had a clearly defined spherical shape. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR), reflecting the amount of heat dissipation from the NPs to the surrounding medium, was calculated for different concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/mL) of PEGylated-PLGA-IONs. At 5 mg/mL PEGylated-PLGA-IONs (125 μgFe/mL) were found to have a maximum SAR value of 313 W/g. In conclusion, the homogenous dispersion of IONs in PEGylated-PLGA matrix may be one of the critical parameters to enhance the SAR value for MNH-based cancer therapy.
{"title":"Hyperthermia Efficacy of PEGylated-PLGA Coated Monodisperse Iron Oxide Nanoparticles","authors":"F. Senturk","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000302","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic nano hyperthermia (MNH) is a promising technique for the treatment of a variety of malignancies. This non-invasive technique employs magnetic nanoparticles and alternating magnetic fields to generate local heat at the tumor location, which activates cell death pathways. However, the efficacy of MNH is dependent on the physicochemical properties of the magnetic nanoparticles, such as size, size distribution, magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and dispersibility in the medium. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the heating capacity of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly (ethylene glycol) di-block copolymer (PLGA-b-PEG) coated monodisperse iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) as an effective mediator for MNH application. For this purpose, monodisperse IONs with a narrow size distribution and a mean particle size of 8.6 nm have been synthesized via the thermal decomposition method. The resulting IONs were then coated with the PEGylated-PLGA polymer and homogeneously dispersed in the polymeric matrix, which had a clearly defined spherical shape. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR), reflecting the amount of heat dissipation from the NPs to the surrounding medium, was calculated for different concentrations (10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/mL) of PEGylated-PLGA-IONs. At 5 mg/mL PEGylated-PLGA-IONs (125 μgFe/mL) were found to have a maximum SAR value of 313 W/g. In conclusion, the homogenous dispersion of IONs in PEGylated-PLGA matrix may be one of the critical parameters to enhance the SAR value for MNH-based cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128029876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000301
Mine Nur Özyaman, Sena Çağşirli, Yeliz Özüdoğru
In this study, methylene blue was removed from an aqueous solution using modified waste tea leaves. Temperature, pH, contact time, methylene blue concentration, and other adsorption mechanisms were studied. The characterization of the samples was performed using the FTIR and SEM analyses. The isotherm models were carrying out to analyzed the adsorption mechanisms and for representing data, the Freundlich isotherm model seemed more appropriate. The findings exhibited the highest adsorption capacity was 3.66 mg/g for the untreated biomass at 298 K, 5.46 mg/g for the 0.1 M HCl group at 318 K, and 5.98 mg/g for the 0.05 M NaOH group at 298 K. The adsorption kinetics were used and the pseudo-second-order model performed well for each group. As a natural substitute biomass for methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solution, used tea leaf residue may be employed.
在本研究中，用改性的废茶叶从水溶液中去除亚甲基蓝。研究了温度、pH、接触时间、亚甲基蓝浓度等吸附机理。利用FTIR和SEM对样品进行表征。采用等温线模型对吸附机理进行了分析，Freundlich等温线模型对数据的表示更为合适。结果表明，在298 K下，未处理生物质的吸附量最高，为3.66 mg/g，在318 K下，0.1 M HCl组的吸附量为5.46 mg/g，在298 K下，0.05 M NaOH组的吸附量为5.98 mg/g。采用拟二阶吸附动力学模型对各组分进行了较好的吸附。用过的茶叶渣作为一种天然的替代生物质，可以代替水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附。
{"title":"Adsorption and Kinetic Studies of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Using Modified Spent Tea Leaves","authors":"Mine Nur Özyaman, Sena Çağşirli, Yeliz Özüdoğru","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000301","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, methylene blue was removed from an aqueous solution using modified waste tea leaves. Temperature, pH, contact time, methylene blue concentration, and other adsorption mechanisms were studied. The characterization of the samples was performed using the FTIR and SEM analyses. The isotherm models were carrying out to analyzed the adsorption mechanisms and for representing data, the Freundlich isotherm model seemed more appropriate. The findings exhibited the highest adsorption capacity was 3.66 mg/g for the untreated biomass at 298 K, 5.46 mg/g for the 0.1 M HCl group at 318 K, and 5.98 mg/g for the 0.05 M NaOH group at 298 K. The adsorption kinetics were used and the pseudo-second-order model performed well for each group. As a natural substitute biomass for methylene blue adsorption from aqueous solution, used tea leaf residue may be employed.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133226066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000297
M. Gür, Merve Zurnacı, E. Altınöz, Nesrin Şener, Ç. Şahi̇n, Merve Şenturan, İ. Şener, M. Çavuş, Ergin Murat Altuner
In this study, 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives were obtained from the reaction of benzophenone-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and N-substitute-thiosemicarbazide compounds with each other. After the synthesis of the final products, some biological properties of these compounds such as antibiofilm, antimicrobial and efflux pump inhibiting efficiencies were evaluated. According to the MBC/MFC test, all the activities were found to be bacteriostatic, also, especially the biofilm inhibition activity of C1 against K. pneumoniae is noteworthy. In addition, C4 was observed to exhibit efflux pump inhibition activity in E. coli, whereas C2 and C3 in K. pneumoniae. The absorption and emission values of the molecules were obtained and electrochemical studies were performed. In addition; absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) scores were predicted using the pharmacokinetic properties of all 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds. Finally, the electrochemical stabilities of the synthesized molecules have been analyzed by using cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M TBAPF6 in DMSO as a supporting electrolyte.
在本研究中，二苯甲酮-4,4'-二羧酸与n -取代硫代氨基脲化合物相互反应得到1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物。在合成最终产物后，对这些化合物的抗菌膜、抗菌效率和外排泵抑制效率等生物学性能进行了评价。经MBC/MFC检测，所有活性均具有抑菌作用，特别是C1对肺炎克雷伯菌的生物膜抑制活性值得注意。此外，C4在大肠杆菌中表现出外排泵抑制活性，而C2和C3在肺炎克雷伯菌中表现出外排泵抑制活性。得到了分子的吸收和发射值，并进行了电化学研究。除了;利用所有1,3,4-噻二唑化合物的药代动力学特性预测其吸收、代谢、分布、排泄和毒性(ADMET)评分。最后，用循环伏安法在0.1 M TBAPF6中以DMSO作为支撑电解质，分析了合成分子的电化学稳定性。
{"title":"Novel 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives as Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, Efflux Pump Inhibiting Agents and Their ADMET Characterizations","authors":"M. Gür, Merve Zurnacı, E. Altınöz, Nesrin Şener, Ç. Şahi̇n, Merve Şenturan, İ. Şener, M. Çavuş, Ergin Murat Altuner","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000297","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives were obtained from the reaction of benzophenone-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid and N-substitute-thiosemicarbazide compounds with each other. After the synthesis of the final products, some biological properties of these compounds such as antibiofilm, antimicrobial and efflux pump inhibiting efficiencies were evaluated. According to the MBC/MFC test, all the activities were found to be bacteriostatic, also, especially the biofilm inhibition activity of C1 against K. pneumoniae is noteworthy. In addition, C4 was observed to exhibit efflux pump inhibition activity in E. coli, whereas C2 and C3 in K. pneumoniae. The absorption and emission values of the molecules were obtained and electrochemical studies were performed. In addition; absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) scores were predicted using the pharmacokinetic properties of all 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds. Finally, the electrochemical stabilities of the synthesized molecules have been analyzed by using cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M TBAPF6 in DMSO as a supporting electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115783871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.17350/hjse19030000306
Mehmet Sonmez
Visible light communication (VLC) technology has arisen as promising candidate to solve the critical challenges of wireless communication networks. In particular, the evolving explosion in use of internet services requiring high bandwidth will soon become a great potential problem among the service provider. Meanwhile, this paper describes a physical layer solution to provide data transmission in the VLC networks. In the paper, it is aim to examine the performance comparison of SC-PPM (Subcarrier Pulse Position Modulation) demodulator schemes. It is considered three receiver techniques to assemble the demodulator techniques to SC-PPM receiver system. Firstly, the traditional PPM (T-PPM) demodulator has been applied on the SC-4PPM receiver system to estimate the slot that includes high frequency signal that is referred to as subcarrier signal. To successfully detect the bits by using traditional PPM receiver, it must be known the dimming level of received SC-4PPM signal. This is a serious problem to ensure data transmission in the real-time VLC systems due to challenge of providing the variable dimming level knowledge at the receiver side. In another receiver model that is referred to as PD (Peak Detector), it is aim to detect peak values of slot with high frequency signal. The disadvantage of this system is that BER (Bit Error Rate) performance depends the difference between peak and bottom values of subcarrier filled slot. Hence, second method is improved to achieve the similar BER performance at all dimming levels between 12.5% and 87.5%. This receiver model is called as IPD in the paper. In brief, it is reported for the first time, it has been employed the PD and the IPD algorithms for the SC-PPM receiver schemes. In addition to this, it is given a theoretical framework for both the traditional PPM and the improved receiver schemes in VLC-SC-PPM schemes. Moreover, it has been investigated how the SC-PPM receiver schemes are affected by brightness level.
{"title":"The Performance Comparison of SC-PPM Receiver Models","authors":"Mehmet Sonmez","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000306","url":null,"abstract":"Visible light communication (VLC) technology has arisen as promising candidate to solve the critical challenges of wireless communication networks. In particular, the evolving explosion in use of internet services requiring high bandwidth will soon become a great potential problem among the service provider. Meanwhile, this paper describes a physical layer solution to provide data transmission in the VLC networks. In the paper, it is aim to examine the performance comparison of SC-PPM (Subcarrier Pulse Position Modulation) demodulator schemes. It is considered three receiver techniques to assemble the demodulator techniques to SC-PPM receiver system. Firstly, the traditional PPM (T-PPM) demodulator has been applied on the SC-4PPM receiver system to estimate the slot that includes high frequency signal that is referred to as subcarrier signal. To successfully detect the bits by using traditional PPM receiver, it must be known the dimming level of received SC-4PPM signal. This is a serious problem to ensure data transmission in the real-time VLC systems due to challenge of providing the variable dimming level knowledge at the receiver side. In another receiver model that is referred to as PD (Peak Detector), it is aim to detect peak values of slot with high frequency signal. The disadvantage of this system is that BER (Bit Error Rate) performance depends the difference between peak and bottom values of subcarrier filled slot. Hence, second method is improved to achieve the similar BER performance at all dimming levels between 12.5% and 87.5%. This receiver model is called as IPD in the paper. In brief, it is reported for the first time, it has been employed the PD and the IPD algorithms for the SC-PPM receiver\u0000schemes. In addition to this, it is given a theoretical framework for both the traditional PPM and the improved receiver schemes in VLC-SC-PPM schemes. Moreover, it has been investigated how the SC-PPM receiver schemes are affected by brightness level.","PeriodicalId":285705,"journal":{"name":"Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130976086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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