Pub Date : 2012-10-17DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851860
T. S. Pittman, V. Pyati
Hitherto, radar beam bending has been predicted using four-thirds Earth or standard atmosphere. A new and more accurate model has been developed using a mix of ray tracing and climatology. Usually a microwave beam traveling through the atmosphere bends towards the Earth with a radius of curvature greater than the Earth's surface. However, seasonal and climatic variations influence the amount and direction of bending, and at times create temperature or moisture inversions that tend to redirect the energy along the Earth's surface leaving gaping holes where there is no coverage. In this work, iterative ray tracing is used to determine the most direct path from the radar to the target through the climatologically predicted refractive atmosphere. Height measurement error is calculated by comparing the geographic path to the refracted path. Only vertical refractivity variation is taken into account, and the effects of ducting and exponential refractivity are both modeled. As a test, the model computed height errors at 17 locations world-wide for a hypothetical target at 10000 feet and 60 nautical miles. The predicted errors varied from 100 feet to 2260 feet as against the standard atmosphere predicted height error of 804 feet. The model traces to all targets when no ducting is modeled, to all targets outside the duct with surface ducting, and to some targets outside the duct with elevated ducting. In the remaining cases, adjacent rays sometimes cross, causing ambiguity in the estimation and, usually, tracing failure.
{"title":"A climatology-based model for long-term prediction of radar beam refraction","authors":"T. S. Pittman, V. Pyati","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851860","url":null,"abstract":"Hitherto, radar beam bending has been predicted using four-thirds Earth or standard atmosphere. A new and more accurate model has been developed using a mix of ray tracing and climatology. Usually a microwave beam traveling through the atmosphere bends towards the Earth with a radius of curvature greater than the Earth's surface. However, seasonal and climatic variations influence the amount and direction of bending, and at times create temperature or moisture inversions that tend to redirect the energy along the Earth's surface leaving gaping holes where there is no coverage. In this work, iterative ray tracing is used to determine the most direct path from the radar to the target through the climatologically predicted refractive atmosphere. Height measurement error is calculated by comparing the geographic path to the refracted path. Only vertical refractivity variation is taken into account, and the effects of ducting and exponential refractivity are both modeled. As a test, the model computed height errors at 17 locations world-wide for a hypothetical target at 10000 feet and 60 nautical miles. The predicted errors varied from 100 feet to 2260 feet as against the standard atmosphere predicted height error of 804 feet. The model traces to all targets when no ducting is modeled, to all targets outside the duct with surface ducting, and to some targets outside the duct with elevated ducting. In the remaining cases, adjacent rays sometimes cross, causing ambiguity in the estimation and, usually, tracing failure.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115393246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851794
D. A. Whelan
The Discoverer II Joint Program is a joint USA Air Force, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) and Army technology demonstration program. When successful, the Discoverer II Program's demonstration of two satellites integrated with an Army Tactical Exploitation System (TES) will support the technical feasibility, cost affordability and mission utility of a subsequent program to launch a full constellation of satellites known as the Space-Based Radar (SBR) Objective System. Such a space-based objective system will offer high-range-resolution ground moving target indication (HRR-GMTI), synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, and terrain mapping using collection capabilities for high-resolution digital terrain elevation data (DTED). Theater or joint task force commanders will task these advanced capabilities directly from the area of operations. Conversely, the satellites will downlink collected data directly to theater ground stations for timely exploitation. The Discoverer II program will design, fabricate and launch two research and development (R&D) prototype HRR-GMTI/SAR satellites, and conduct a one-year, in-orbit demonstration of the satellites integrated with a TES. The program is jointly managed and is administered as an Air Force acquisition program by the Discoverer II Joint Program Office.
{"title":"Discoverer II Program summary","authors":"D. A. Whelan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851794","url":null,"abstract":"The Discoverer II Joint Program is a joint USA Air Force, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) and Army technology demonstration program. When successful, the Discoverer II Program's demonstration of two satellites integrated with an Army Tactical Exploitation System (TES) will support the technical feasibility, cost affordability and mission utility of a subsequent program to launch a full constellation of satellites known as the Space-Based Radar (SBR) Objective System. Such a space-based objective system will offer high-range-resolution ground moving target indication (HRR-GMTI), synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, and terrain mapping using collection capabilities for high-resolution digital terrain elevation data (DTED). Theater or joint task force commanders will task these advanced capabilities directly from the area of operations. Conversely, the satellites will downlink collected data directly to theater ground stations for timely exploitation. The Discoverer II program will design, fabricate and launch two research and development (R&D) prototype HRR-GMTI/SAR satellites, and conduct a one-year, in-orbit demonstration of the satellites integrated with a TES. The program is jointly managed and is administered as an Air Force acquisition program by the Discoverer II Joint Program Office.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122137095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851842
Zheng Liu, Shouhong Zhang
With adoption of the hopped-frequency pulse waveform to inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), a novel method for motion compensation in ISAR imaging, named the minimum waveform entropy method of parameter estimation, is proposed. A measure function, called the waveform entropy, is employed to measure the effects of target motion on both Doppler amplitude spectra and slant range profiles. The method can achieve optimal estimation of motion parameters of a target based on the minimum waveform entropy rule. In addition, the method converts a two-dimensional search for the velocity and acceleration of a target into two one-dimensional searches for the velocity and acceleration respectively, which greatly decreases computational cost, and conveniently realizes real-time processing. Simulation results indicate that the method can accomplish accurate estimation of motion parameters of a target with a good anti-noise performance, thus making it possible to image a target in clutter background.
{"title":"A novel method of translational motion compensation for hopped-frequency ISAR imaging","authors":"Zheng Liu, Shouhong Zhang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851842","url":null,"abstract":"With adoption of the hopped-frequency pulse waveform to inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), a novel method for motion compensation in ISAR imaging, named the minimum waveform entropy method of parameter estimation, is proposed. A measure function, called the waveform entropy, is employed to measure the effects of target motion on both Doppler amplitude spectra and slant range profiles. The method can achieve optimal estimation of motion parameters of a target based on the minimum waveform entropy rule. In addition, the method converts a two-dimensional search for the velocity and acceleration of a target into two one-dimensional searches for the velocity and acceleration respectively, which greatly decreases computational cost, and conveniently realizes real-time processing. Simulation results indicate that the method can accomplish accurate estimation of motion parameters of a target with a good anti-noise performance, thus making it possible to image a target in clutter background.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114193893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851945
D. Andersh, J. Moore, S. Kosanovich, D. Kapp, R. Bhalla, R. Kipp, T. Courtney, A. Nolan, F. German, J. Cook, J. Hughes
Xpatch, developed at SAIC-DEMACO under the leadership of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), has become the premier high frequency simulation code suite for radar signature predictions. Xpatch applies the shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method to realistic 3D targets in order to generate 0D through 3D radar signatures. The Xpatch prediction codes and analysis tools for measured and predicted radar cross section (RCS), high resolution range profile (HRR), and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are unparalleled in accuracy and speed across industry and the government. The Xpatch toolset is the basis for multiple DoD programs and is used by over 420 organizations across the USA.
{"title":"Xpatch 4: the next generation in high frequency electromagnetic modeling and simulation software","authors":"D. Andersh, J. Moore, S. Kosanovich, D. Kapp, R. Bhalla, R. Kipp, T. Courtney, A. Nolan, F. German, J. Cook, J. Hughes","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851945","url":null,"abstract":"Xpatch, developed at SAIC-DEMACO under the leadership of the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), has become the premier high frequency simulation code suite for radar signature predictions. Xpatch applies the shooting and bouncing ray (SBR) method to realistic 3D targets in order to generate 0D through 3D radar signatures. The Xpatch prediction codes and analysis tools for measured and predicted radar cross section (RCS), high resolution range profile (HRR), and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery are unparalleled in accuracy and speed across industry and the government. The Xpatch toolset is the basis for multiple DoD programs and is used by over 420 organizations across the USA.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115754612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851812
J. Besada, J. García, G. de Miguel, F.J. Jimenez, G. Gavin, J. Casar
In this paper we describe a tracking function for air traffic control based on radar and ADS-B messages. The use of both sensors can lead to an important improvement both in track accuracy and overall system integrity. Our system makes use of all measurements available, providing a unique track for each aircraft, correcting sensor biases, using very accurate coordinate conversions, and solving data association prior to data fusion. It has been designed to face an avionics changing environment, and it is able to correctly and accurately track aircraft with different avionics (with or without SSR transponder, or ADS-B avionics), as is shown in the results obtained through simulation.
{"title":"Data fusion algorithms based on radar and ADS measurements for ATC application","authors":"J. Besada, J. García, G. de Miguel, F.J. Jimenez, G. Gavin, J. Casar","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851812","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe a tracking function for air traffic control based on radar and ADS-B messages. The use of both sensors can lead to an important improvement both in track accuracy and overall system integrity. Our system makes use of all measurements available, providing a unique track for each aircraft, correcting sensor biases, using very accurate coordinate conversions, and solving data association prior to data fusion. It has been designed to face an avionics changing environment, and it is able to correctly and accurately track aircraft with different avionics (with or without SSR transponder, or ADS-B avionics), as is shown in the results obtained through simulation.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126739248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851797
S. Zaidman
Summary form only given. The FAA's future aviation surveillance system is based on the use of various technological surveillance elements, each tailored to the airspace and capacity requirements within a particular geographic area. The Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR), Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR), Mode S, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and ADS-Contract (C) are technologies that can provide the surveillance capabilities required for operations in the National Airspace System (NAS) well into the future. ADS-B and multilateration are under development as technologies that will be capable of supporting the Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS), by the provision of position and other aircraft/vehicle-derived data. ADS-B and/or ADS-C are suitable technologies to provide surveillance data in areas where currently no radar infrastructure exists or is not feasible. Current ground based surveillance functions (i.e., PSR, MSSR and Mode S), must provide independent verification of position information provided in the ADS-B messages, along with weather, intruders and blunder detection information. Future surveillance capabilities may be implemented to allow downlink aircraft parameters (DAP) to be used to improve ground based surveillance data processing (SDPS) systems and ATM thus allowing greater traffic capacity to be handled by the controller. In addition, ADS-B may be implemented to relieve the traffic load from the MSSR/Mode S systems where the density has slowly risen to such a level that the capacity of the secondary radar may limit future expansion.
{"title":"Vision on aviation surveillance systems","authors":"S. Zaidman","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851797","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The FAA's future aviation surveillance system is based on the use of various technological surveillance elements, each tailored to the airspace and capacity requirements within a particular geographic area. The Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR), Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR), Mode S, Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) and ADS-Contract (C) are technologies that can provide the surveillance capabilities required for operations in the National Airspace System (NAS) well into the future. ADS-B and multilateration are under development as technologies that will be capable of supporting the Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS), by the provision of position and other aircraft/vehicle-derived data. ADS-B and/or ADS-C are suitable technologies to provide surveillance data in areas where currently no radar infrastructure exists or is not feasible. Current ground based surveillance functions (i.e., PSR, MSSR and Mode S), must provide independent verification of position information provided in the ADS-B messages, along with weather, intruders and blunder detection information. Future surveillance capabilities may be implemented to allow downlink aircraft parameters (DAP) to be used to improve ground based surveillance data processing (SDPS) systems and ATM thus allowing greater traffic capacity to be handled by the controller. In addition, ADS-B may be implemented to relieve the traffic load from the MSSR/Mode S systems where the density has slowly risen to such a level that the capacity of the secondary radar may limit future expansion.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131994611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851832
E.L. Crosson, J. B. Romine, D. Willner, S.J. Kusiak
Characterizing the boost phase of a rocket's flight is challenging when only metric radar data (range and angles) are used. Incorporating range-acceleration measurements results in superior tracking performance and much improved characterization of boost-phase flight. This paper demonstrates how to estimate range acceleration reliably from the amplitude and phase of the target-reflected radar signal. Phase-derived range-acceleration estimates can be used to tune a tracking filter and can be incorporated into the filter for improved trajectory reconstruction. Range-acceleration measurements can also be used in a multitarget environment to identify boosting targets. These techniques have been used successfully on actual rocket-launch data to improve postmission tracking and object identification performance.
{"title":"Boost-phase acceleration estimation","authors":"E.L. Crosson, J. B. Romine, D. Willner, S.J. Kusiak","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851832","url":null,"abstract":"Characterizing the boost phase of a rocket's flight is challenging when only metric radar data (range and angles) are used. Incorporating range-acceleration measurements results in superior tracking performance and much improved characterization of boost-phase flight. This paper demonstrates how to estimate range acceleration reliably from the amplitude and phase of the target-reflected radar signal. Phase-derived range-acceleration estimates can be used to tune a tracking filter and can be incorporated into the filter for improved trajectory reconstruction. Range-acceleration measurements can also be used in a multitarget environment to identify boosting targets. These techniques have been used successfully on actual rocket-launch data to improve postmission tracking and object identification performance.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122742661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851800
K. Cuomo, J. Piou, J.T. Mayhan
There is considerable interest within the ballistic missile defense (BMD) community for the various theater and area defense systems to operate as a family of systems. Initially this interoperability would focus on sharing track and feature data between sensors. Subsequently, as the technology drivers mature, coherent fusion of signature data will evolve. This paper presents an overview of the technology advances required in order to fully realize the potential utility of signature data fusion for enhanced BMD discrimination. Emphasis is placed on potential advances realized in the areas of arbitrary wideband waveform generation, high speed digital circuitry, wideband communication links and real-time signal processing.
{"title":"Ultra-wideband sensor fusion for BMD discrimination","authors":"K. Cuomo, J. Piou, J.T. Mayhan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851800","url":null,"abstract":"There is considerable interest within the ballistic missile defense (BMD) community for the various theater and area defense systems to operate as a family of systems. Initially this interoperability would focus on sharing track and feature data between sensors. Subsequently, as the technology drivers mature, coherent fusion of signature data will evolve. This paper presents an overview of the technology advances required in order to fully realize the potential utility of signature data fusion for enhanced BMD discrimination. Emphasis is placed on potential advances realized in the areas of arbitrary wideband waveform generation, high speed digital circuitry, wideband communication links and real-time signal processing.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115880338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851811
D. Pastina, Pierfrancesco Lombardo, Vincenzo Pedicini, T. Bucciarelli
A CFAR adaptive polarimetric generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector is proposed for the coherent detection of radar targets against a Gaussian background and its performance is fully characterized. A model based version of such a detector is also derived by applying a similar GLRT approach to a structured covariance matrix. This latter detector is shown to reduce the adaptivity losses and thus to reduce the homogeneous region, which is required to estimate the clutter covariance matrix. The application to live radar data demonstrates the performance improvement achievable in practice by exploiting the polarimetric information. In particular adding the HV channel to the two co-polarized channels can provide a sensible performance increase with respect to the HH and VV only. This is especially true for man-made targets having cross-polarized response higher than the clutter. When the target has a lower cross-polarized return than the clutter, a much lower improvement is available but there is not a sensible adaptivity loss and the CFAR characteristic is always enforced against the Gaussian background.
{"title":"Adaptive polarimetric target detection with coherent radar","authors":"D. Pastina, Pierfrancesco Lombardo, Vincenzo Pedicini, T. Bucciarelli","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851811","url":null,"abstract":"A CFAR adaptive polarimetric generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector is proposed for the coherent detection of radar targets against a Gaussian background and its performance is fully characterized. A model based version of such a detector is also derived by applying a similar GLRT approach to a structured covariance matrix. This latter detector is shown to reduce the adaptivity losses and thus to reduce the homogeneous region, which is required to estimate the clutter covariance matrix. The application to live radar data demonstrates the performance improvement achievable in practice by exploiting the polarimetric information. In particular adding the HV channel to the two co-polarized channels can provide a sensible performance increase with respect to the HH and VV only. This is especially true for man-made targets having cross-polarized response higher than the clutter. When the target has a lower cross-polarized return than the clutter, a much lower improvement is available but there is not a sensible adaptivity loss and the CFAR characteristic is always enforced against the Gaussian background.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115559076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-12DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851912
R. Lefevre, H. Shih, C. Shipley, D. Woods
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has a mission to help assure the safety of vessels and the efficiency of navigation on the coastal waters and the Great Lakes of the USA. To this end, accurate real-time measurements of water levels at various points are required. NOAA in meeting such needs has established a Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS) program in 1980 for the purpose of monitoring in real-time the water level and other environmental parameters at the nation's major harbor and bay systems. PORTS allows port authorities and ship operators to make sound decisions regarding loading of tonnage, maximum loads, and travel schedule, without compromising safety. A sensor to monitor the bridge clearance adds to the functionality of PORTS and addresses a major safety concern of ship operators, bridge authorities, and the general public.
{"title":"Radar bridge clearance sensor","authors":"R. Lefevre, H. Shih, C. Shipley, D. Woods","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851912","url":null,"abstract":"The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has a mission to help assure the safety of vessels and the efficiency of navigation on the coastal waters and the Great Lakes of the USA. To this end, accurate real-time measurements of water levels at various points are required. NOAA in meeting such needs has established a Physical Oceanographic Real-Time System (PORTS) program in 1980 for the purpose of monitoring in real-time the water level and other environmental parameters at the nation's major harbor and bay systems. PORTS allows port authorities and ship operators to make sound decisions regarding loading of tonnage, maximum loads, and travel schedule, without compromising safety. A sensor to monitor the bridge clearance adds to the functionality of PORTS and addresses a major safety concern of ship operators, bridge authorities, and the general public.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129171138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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