Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851815
A. Boryssenko
The paper presents an experimental radar-based sensor to operate in an environment with vegetation cover for detection and discrimination of small-sized invisible dielectric and metallic objects. This sensor constitutes a vehicle-housed emergency system for surveillance of areas with vegetation ahead on the path of a moving vehicle to prevent its contact with hidden objects. The emergency system functioning is basically implemented by real-time electromagnetic imaging of the scene of interest and its subsequent image processing to enhance the target responses. Developed and tested experimental radar techniques are under consideration. The results of experimental examinations in field are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Impulse radar emergency system to prevent damage due to harmful objects in vegetation","authors":"A. Boryssenko","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851815","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an experimental radar-based sensor to operate in an environment with vegetation cover for detection and discrimination of small-sized invisible dielectric and metallic objects. This sensor constitutes a vehicle-housed emergency system for surveillance of areas with vegetation ahead on the path of a moving vehicle to prevent its contact with hidden objects. The emergency system functioning is basically implemented by real-time electromagnetic imaging of the scene of interest and its subsequent image processing to enhance the target responses. Developed and tested experimental radar techniques are under consideration. The results of experimental examinations in field are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116794799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851849
U. Uschkerat
This contribution addresses the signal preprocessing and a detection algorithm applied to measured ground penetrating radar (GPR) data. The measurement setup consists of a GPR system and inert mines in five different environments. The statistics of the output variable of a maximum likelihood detection algorithm which also reduces the signal to clutter ratio (SCR) is analyzed. As a result the threshold level for a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) mode can be computed.
{"title":"Mine detection using a maximum likelihood estimator and in-field GPR data","authors":"U. Uschkerat","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851849","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution addresses the signal preprocessing and a detection algorithm applied to measured ground penetrating radar (GPR) data. The measurement setup consists of a GPR system and inert mines in five different environments. The statistics of the output variable of a maximum likelihood detection algorithm which also reduces the signal to clutter ratio (SCR) is analyzed. As a result the threshold level for a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) mode can be computed.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115381155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851895
Wen Lei, T. Long, Yueqiu Han
In medium pulse repetition frequency (MPRF) radars, ambiguities exist both in range and Doppler measurements. Some efficient techniques have been established to resolve the range and velocity ambiguity of the target using multiple PRF. In this paper, a simple algorithm is proposed to resolve both range and velocity ambiguity based on residue arithmetic. This algorithm makes out the unambiguous result by using a residue look-up table. The particular problem of filter bandwidth unitary frequency is settled and assessed with another algorithm. An example for the generation of the residue took-up table is presented to resolve range ambiguity.
{"title":"Resolution of range and velocity ambiguity for a medium pulse Doppler radar","authors":"Wen Lei, T. Long, Yueqiu Han","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851895","url":null,"abstract":"In medium pulse repetition frequency (MPRF) radars, ambiguities exist both in range and Doppler measurements. Some efficient techniques have been established to resolve the range and velocity ambiguity of the target using multiple PRF. In this paper, a simple algorithm is proposed to resolve both range and velocity ambiguity based on residue arithmetic. This algorithm makes out the unambiguous result by using a residue look-up table. The particular problem of filter bandwidth unitary frequency is settled and assessed with another algorithm. An example for the generation of the residue took-up table is presented to resolve range ambiguity.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124897931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851943
K. Wheeler, S. Hensley
This paper provides an overview of the GeoSAR radar hardware and processor structure. An example DEM is also shown to demonstrate the capability of the X-band radar. This imaging system was designed to be a robust and automated mapping system. Test flights are flown to verify the flight planning software and the automatic radar controller that automates the radar operations. Phase III of the project includes the completion of instrument testing, automation and calibration, system level analysis of phase unwrapping and motion compensation effects on terrain mapping performance, and long wavelength foliage penetration studies.
{"title":"The GeoSAR airborne mapping system","authors":"K. Wheeler, S. Hensley","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851943","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the GeoSAR radar hardware and processor structure. An example DEM is also shown to demonstrate the capability of the X-band radar. This imaging system was designed to be a robust and automated mapping system. Test flights are flown to verify the flight planning software and the automatic radar controller that automates the radar operations. Phase III of the project includes the completion of instrument testing, automation and calibration, system level analysis of phase unwrapping and motion compensation effects on terrain mapping performance, and long wavelength foliage penetration studies.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126663423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851804
S. Colegrove, S. Davey
The paper gives the state estimation equations for a probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) which is updated by a fixed number of nearest neighbours. These equations are based on the approach which includes track initiation and a nonuniform clutter model. Track initiation is accounted for by the event that a target can transition between being visible and invisible to the sensor. A visible target gives sensor returns that match the tracking filter sensor and target model while an invisible target gives no returns. This filter is referred to as the N/sup 3/VPDAF, i.e., nearest neighbours with nonuniform clutter and visibility PDAF. Insight into the behaviour of the N/sup 3/VPDAF is then found from the histogram of the measured volume of the region that contains the I nearest measurements. This is then followed by tests to measure the change in performance with the value of I over the range from 1 to 4. Performance is evaluated with a tracker assessment tool (TAT) that gives an overall measure of performance for 17 metrics. The metrics cover the categories of track establishment, track maintenance, track error and false tracks. From the filter formulae and these results, the advantages and disadvantages in selecting measurements based on nearest neighbours are given.
{"title":"On using nearest neighbours with the probabilistic data association filter","authors":"S. Colegrove, S. Davey","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851804","url":null,"abstract":"The paper gives the state estimation equations for a probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) which is updated by a fixed number of nearest neighbours. These equations are based on the approach which includes track initiation and a nonuniform clutter model. Track initiation is accounted for by the event that a target can transition between being visible and invisible to the sensor. A visible target gives sensor returns that match the tracking filter sensor and target model while an invisible target gives no returns. This filter is referred to as the N/sup 3/VPDAF, i.e., nearest neighbours with nonuniform clutter and visibility PDAF. Insight into the behaviour of the N/sup 3/VPDAF is then found from the histogram of the measured volume of the region that contains the I nearest measurements. This is then followed by tests to measure the change in performance with the value of I over the range from 1 to 4. Performance is evaluated with a tracker assessment tool (TAT) that gives an overall measure of performance for 17 metrics. The metrics cover the categories of track establishment, track maintenance, track error and false tracks. From the filter formulae and these results, the advantages and disadvantages in selecting measurements based on nearest neighbours are given.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127045290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851809
T. Fan, C.Y. Yang, S. Mao, S.H. Li
In this paper, a new multi-resolution multiple-model algorithm based on model mixing is proposed. The algorithm combines the advantages of the multi-resolution multiple-model algorithm with that of the interacting multiple model algorithm, thus it outperforms both algorithms.
{"title":"Multi-resolution multiple-model target tracking based on model-mixing","authors":"T. Fan, C.Y. Yang, S. Mao, S.H. Li","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851809","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new multi-resolution multiple-model algorithm based on model mixing is proposed. The algorithm combines the advantages of the multi-resolution multiple-model algorithm with that of the interacting multiple model algorithm, thus it outperforms both algorithms.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126346798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851821
J. Guan, You He, Ying-Ning Peng
A distributed detection scheme with feedback is proposed. The optimal fusion rule for minimizing the global error probability is derived. The analytic expressions of the global false alarm probability and global miss probability are obtained. It is proved that the performance of the new scheme converges with the increased stage of feedback. An example shows that the global performance possesses good convergence properties and is improved significantly.
{"title":"Distributed detection with feedback and optimal fusion","authors":"J. Guan, You He, Ying-Ning Peng","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851821","url":null,"abstract":"A distributed detection scheme with feedback is proposed. The optimal fusion rule for minimizing the global error probability is derived. The analytic expressions of the global false alarm probability and global miss probability are obtained. It is proved that the performance of the new scheme converges with the increased stage of feedback. An example shows that the global performance possesses good convergence properties and is improved significantly.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"11 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120806717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851948
V. Behar, C. Kabakchiev, X.R. Li
In this paper we propose a partial solution of the benchmark problem for radar resource allocation and tracking maneuvering targets in the presence of ECM. We consider the benchmark problem only from the point of view of detection and propose concrete algorithms for range gate pull off (RGPO) excision before signal detection. The excision technique before signal detection sufficiently reduces the flow of the RGPO detection at the output of the detector. Naturally, the further RGPO elimination at the stage of target tracking is easily performed.
{"title":"Excision techniques for reduction of the flow of the RGPO when solving the benchmark problem","authors":"V. Behar, C. Kabakchiev, X.R. Li","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851948","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a partial solution of the benchmark problem for radar resource allocation and tracking maneuvering targets in the presence of ECM. We consider the benchmark problem only from the point of view of detection and propose concrete algorithms for range gate pull off (RGPO) excision before signal detection. The excision technique before signal detection sufficiently reduces the flow of the RGPO detection at the output of the detector. Naturally, the further RGPO elimination at the stage of target tracking is easily performed.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125986304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851877
T. Sparr, S. Hamran, E. Korsbakken
Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging may be seen as a 3D-to-2D projection of the target. The projection plane is shown to be determined by the effective rotation of the target as seen from the radar. Two images formed from similar radar data are discussed. One is well focused and the other is blurred. A time-frequency analysis applied to the radar data shows that the blurring is caused by changes in the Doppler shifts of the separate scatterers of the target. The results indicate that the changing Doppler shifts may be caused by both rotation rate variation and projection plane changes. A comparison with motion reference data verifies that both effects are present. The time-frequency analysis method is used to form well-focused images of the target, even when the motion is complicated.
{"title":"Estimation and correction of complex target motion effects in inverse synthetic aperture imaging of aircraft","authors":"T. Sparr, S. Hamran, E. Korsbakken","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851877","url":null,"abstract":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging may be seen as a 3D-to-2D projection of the target. The projection plane is shown to be determined by the effective rotation of the target as seen from the radar. Two images formed from similar radar data are discussed. One is well focused and the other is blurred. A time-frequency analysis applied to the radar data shows that the blurring is caused by changes in the Doppler shifts of the separate scatterers of the target. The results indicate that the changing Doppler shifts may be caused by both rotation rate variation and projection plane changes. A comparison with motion reference data verifies that both effects are present. The time-frequency analysis method is used to form well-focused images of the target, even when the motion is complicated.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130147845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2000.851891
M. Le Palud, T. Dupaquier, L. Bertel
Measurements are carried out to study different aspects of the propagation of VHF radiowaves in a forested environment. In order to model the evolution of the spatial average of the received signal inside and outside the vegetation we find that good agreement can be obtained with the following method: in the forested areas, the actual Earth ground is replaced by the top of the canopy to compute the field; then, the signal inside the forest is the signal on top of the canopy minus an attenuation term due to the vegetation. On the other hand, fast fading phenomena inside the forest seem to be qualitatively explained by a simple model involving the nearest scatterers.
{"title":"Experimental study of VHF propagation in forested environment and modelling techniques","authors":"M. Le Palud, T. Dupaquier, L. Bertel","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2000.851891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2000.851891","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements are carried out to study different aspects of the propagation of VHF radiowaves in a forested environment. In order to model the evolution of the spatial average of the received signal inside and outside the vegetation we find that good agreement can be obtained with the following method: in the forested areas, the actual Earth ground is replaced by the top of the canopy to compute the field; then, the signal inside the forest is the signal on top of the canopy minus an attenuation term due to the vegetation. On the other hand, fast fading phenomena inside the forest seem to be qualitatively explained by a simple model involving the nearest scatterers.","PeriodicalId":286281,"journal":{"name":"Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference [Cat. No. 00CH37037]","volume":"76 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114000012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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