Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.750444
J. Alonso, A. Calleja, J. Ribas, E. López, M. Rico-Secades, J. Sebastián
In this paper a new solution to implement single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballasts based on the input current shaper (ICS) is presented. The ICS is implemented between main rectifier and bulk capacitor to increase the conduction angle of the main rectifier diodes up to a minimum value to obtain low current harmonics injected to the mains. The ICS incorporates only passive elements, avoiding the use of extra control circuitry, thus featuring low cost for the electronic ballast. Both analysis and experimental results are provided in the paper to validate the proposed topology.
{"title":"Using input current shaper in the implementation of high-power-factor electronic ballasts","authors":"J. Alonso, A. Calleja, J. Ribas, E. López, M. Rico-Secades, J. Sebastián","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.750444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.750444","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new solution to implement single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballasts based on the input current shaper (ICS) is presented. The ICS is implemented between main rectifier and bulk capacitor to increase the conduction angle of the main rectifier diodes up to a minimum value to obtain low current harmonics injected to the mains. The ICS incorporates only passive elements, avoiding the use of extra control circuitry, thus featuring low cost for the electronic ballast. Both analysis and experimental results are provided in the paper to validate the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127350948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.750521
D. Yildirim, E. Fuchs
Two methods for measuring losses of inductors at high frequencies from 0 to 6 kHz are discussed: the first involves the use of sampled inductor voltage and current waveforms through an A/D converter and a computer. The second, called the three-voltmeter method, consists of recording three RMS voltages. Error analyses of the two approaches are presented. Measured results from these two methods are in good agreement with each other. For some of the inductors tested at low (up to 960 Hz) frequencies the losses increase with the square of frequency while the increase is about linear at high (from 960 Hz to 6000 Hz) frequencies.
{"title":"Computer-aided measurement of inductor losses at high frequencies (0 to 6 kHz)","authors":"D. Yildirim, E. Fuchs","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.750521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.750521","url":null,"abstract":"Two methods for measuring losses of inductors at high frequencies from 0 to 6 kHz are discussed: the first involves the use of sampled inductor voltage and current waveforms through an A/D converter and a computer. The second, called the three-voltmeter method, consists of recording three RMS voltages. Error analyses of the two approaches are presented. Measured results from these two methods are in good agreement with each other. For some of the inductors tested at low (up to 960 Hz) frequencies the losses increase with the square of frequency while the increase is about linear at high (from 960 Hz to 6000 Hz) frequencies.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"43 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130694325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749506
M. Gonzalez, F. Ferrero, J. Antón, M. A. Perez
An effective fast-charger for NiCd/NiMH batteries used in portable applications must be able to estimate previous battery charge state and to make decisions to minimize charging time without negative effects on battery-life. In this paper, some new methods for estimating and making decisions are presented. Due to these methods can be easily implemented, effective and universal battery fast-chargers can be obtained by using few and inexpensive components.
{"title":"Considerations to improve the practical design of universal and full-effective NiCd/NiMH battery fast-chargers","authors":"M. Gonzalez, F. Ferrero, J. Antón, M. A. Perez","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749506","url":null,"abstract":"An effective fast-charger for NiCd/NiMH batteries used in portable applications must be able to estimate previous battery charge state and to make decisions to minimize charging time without negative effects on battery-life. In this paper, some new methods for estimating and making decisions are presented. Due to these methods can be easily implemented, effective and universal battery fast-chargers can be obtained by using few and inexpensive components.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117189064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.750482
R. Malik
Power system cost, performance, functions, integration, reliability, packaging and efficiency are being challenged by the user community as newer, higher performance and lower cost systems are being introduced by major OEMs. The authors provide verified data to illustrate where the power system designer can reduce overall cost by generating realistic specifications for the application. This value analysis should provide confidence to the power supply specifier whereby a no frills specification can be created that meets, but does not exceed, the actual system requirements. This will lead to lower unit cost and smaller size power system that will enable the OEM to remain competitive in selling future systems.
{"title":"The optimal power system and its impact on the overall system cost","authors":"R. Malik","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.750482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.750482","url":null,"abstract":"Power system cost, performance, functions, integration, reliability, packaging and efficiency are being challenged by the user community as newer, higher performance and lower cost systems are being introduced by major OEMs. The authors provide verified data to illustrate where the power system designer can reduce overall cost by generating realistic specifications for the application. This value analysis should provide confidence to the power supply specifier whereby a no frills specification can be created that meets, but does not exceed, the actual system requirements. This will lead to lower unit cost and smaller size power system that will enable the OEM to remain competitive in selling future systems.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123240221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749482
T. Wilson
Distinctive attributes of power electronics equipment are high power capability, controllability and static switching to meet the goals of high efficiency and high dependability. Aspects of the early history of power electronics are traced from magnetic amplifiers, thyratrons and ignitrons to power semiconductors.
{"title":"The evolution of power electronics","authors":"T. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749482","url":null,"abstract":"Distinctive attributes of power electronics equipment are high power capability, controllability and static switching to meet the goals of high efficiency and high dependability. Aspects of the early history of power electronics are traced from magnetic amplifiers, thyratrons and ignitrons to power semiconductors.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115333810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749498
Jindong Zhang, L. Huber, M. Jovanovic, F. Lee
In this paper, a new single-stage input-current-shaping (ICS) technique that integrates the voltage-doubler-rectifier front end with a DC/DC output stage is introduced. Due to the voltage-doubler-rectifier front end, the reduction of line-current harmonics can be achieved with a higher conversion efficiency compared to the corresponding single-stage ICS circuit with the conventional wide-range full-bridge rectifier. In addition, the proposed technique requires energy-storage capacitors with a lower voltage rating and smaller total capacitance than the conventional single-stage ICS counterpart, which reduces the size and cost of the power supply. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated on a 100 W (5 V/20 A) experimental prototype circuit.
本文介绍了一种新的单级输入电流整形技术，该技术将倍压整流器前端与DC/DC输出级集成在一起。与采用传统宽量程全桥整流器的相应单级ICS电路相比，由于采用了倍压整流前端，可以以更高的转换效率降低线电流谐波。此外，与传统的单级ICS相比，该技术需要具有更低额定电压和更小总电容的储能电容器，从而减小了电源的尺寸和成本。在100 W (5 V/20 a)的实验原型电路上对该技术的性能进行了评估。
{"title":"Single-stage input-current-shaping technique with voltage-doubler-rectifier front end","authors":"Jindong Zhang, L. Huber, M. Jovanovic, F. Lee","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749498","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new single-stage input-current-shaping (ICS) technique that integrates the voltage-doubler-rectifier front end with a DC/DC output stage is introduced. Due to the voltage-doubler-rectifier front end, the reduction of line-current harmonics can be achieved with a higher conversion efficiency compared to the corresponding single-stage ICS circuit with the conventional wide-range full-bridge rectifier. In addition, the proposed technique requires energy-storage capacitors with a lower voltage rating and smaller total capacitance than the conventional single-stage ICS counterpart, which reduces the size and cost of the power supply. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated on a 100 W (5 V/20 A) experimental prototype circuit.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122855838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.750441
C. Moo, H. Cheng, H.N. Chen, H. Yen
This paper provides a guideline for designing a frequency controlled dimmable electronic ballast for the fluorescent lamp. The design equations are derived based on a power-dependent lamp model. The dimming characteristics of a fluorescent lamp by frequency control can be predicted by incorporating the lamp model into the electronic ballast. The circuit parameters are designed by considering both the starting voltage and the filament power during the dimming operation. An electronic ballast with the half-bridge series-resonant parallel-load inverter is used as an example for illustrating the design procedure. The calculated results are verified by experimental tests on a laboratory prototype circuit.
{"title":"Designing dimmable electronic ballast with frequency control","authors":"C. Moo, H. Cheng, H.N. Chen, H. Yen","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.750441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.750441","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a guideline for designing a frequency controlled dimmable electronic ballast for the fluorescent lamp. The design equations are derived based on a power-dependent lamp model. The dimming characteristics of a fluorescent lamp by frequency control can be predicted by incorporating the lamp model into the electronic ballast. The circuit parameters are designed by considering both the starting voltage and the filament power during the dimming operation. An electronic ballast with the half-bridge series-resonant parallel-load inverter is used as an example for illustrating the design procedure. The calculated results are verified by experimental tests on a laboratory prototype circuit.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123634241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749699
V.R. Durgesh, A. Muthuramalingam, V. Sastry
A single-phase high-frequency transformer-isolated Class-D series parallel (LCC type) resonant power converter (SPRC) with fixed frequency is presented. The results of AC analysis are used to design the converter for low harmonic distortion and near unity power factor (PF) operation. The designed converter is studied through simulation (using SABER) and verified experimentally. For reliable operation of the converter at light load and no load conditions a new control logic is used. This control logic with active control is tested experimentally. The experimental results of the 2 kW prototype with active control show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 5% at full load and less than 22% under light load (i.e 10% of full load) condition with line PF being always greater than 0.95.
{"title":"Operation of fixed frequency Class-D series-parallel resonant converter on utility line with active control","authors":"V.R. Durgesh, A. Muthuramalingam, V. Sastry","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749699","url":null,"abstract":"A single-phase high-frequency transformer-isolated Class-D series parallel (LCC type) resonant power converter (SPRC) with fixed frequency is presented. The results of AC analysis are used to design the converter for low harmonic distortion and near unity power factor (PF) operation. The designed converter is studied through simulation (using SABER) and verified experimentally. For reliable operation of the converter at light load and no load conditions a new control logic is used. This control logic with active control is tested experimentally. The experimental results of the 2 kW prototype with active control show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 5% at full load and less than 22% under light load (i.e 10% of full load) condition with line PF being always greater than 0.95.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127864379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749512
R. Prieto, L. Ostergaard, J. Cobos, J. Uceda
In this paper, practical guidelines on how to use 2D FEA packages to model magnetic components with 3D field distributions are presented. To ensure realistic simulation conditions for the 2D FEA solvers, methods to modify the material properties and the dimensions of the magnetic component are given. The methodologies are validated by comparing 2D FEA results with actual measurements.
{"title":"Axisymmetric modeling of 3D magnetic components","authors":"R. Prieto, L. Ostergaard, J. Cobos, J. Uceda","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749512","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, practical guidelines on how to use 2D FEA packages to model magnetic components with 3D field distributions are presented. To ensure realistic simulation conditions for the 2D FEA solvers, methods to modify the material properties and the dimensions of the magnetic component are given. The methodologies are validated by comparing 2D FEA results with actual measurements.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125083206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-03-14DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1999.749721
J. Hayes, M. Egan
The electric vehicle inductive coupling battery charging interface can be driven from a variety of power converters of which the frequency-controlled series-resonant converter has been demonstrated to have many desirable features. In this paper, the series-load and the Class D, or parallel-load, phase-controlled resonant power converters are also investigated and are shown to be viable options for electric vehicle battery charging. A novel simple, yet accurate, analytical approach yields a single generic solution for the entire family of converters. This analysis is used to highlight important characteristics of resonant power converters in the inductive charging application and to compare the topologies on a unified basis. The analytical results are verified experimentally.
{"title":"A comparative study of phase-shift, frequency, and hybrid control of the series resonant converter supplying the electric vehicle inductive charging interface","authors":"J. Hayes, M. Egan","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1999.749721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1999.749721","url":null,"abstract":"The electric vehicle inductive coupling battery charging interface can be driven from a variety of power converters of which the frequency-controlled series-resonant converter has been demonstrated to have many desirable features. In this paper, the series-load and the Class D, or parallel-load, phase-controlled resonant power converters are also investigated and are shown to be viable options for electric vehicle battery charging. A novel simple, yet accurate, analytical approach yields a single generic solution for the entire family of converters. This analysis is used to highlight important characteristics of resonant power converters in the inductive charging application and to compare the topologies on a unified basis. The analytical results are verified experimentally.","PeriodicalId":287192,"journal":{"name":"APEC '99. Fourteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition. 1999 Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36285)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116748679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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