Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960372
J. García-Amorós, R. Bargalló-Perpiñá, P. Andrada, B. Blanqué
This paper presents a study about the thermal performance of the double-sided flat Linear Switched Reluctance Motor (LSRM) according to the number of phases (m) and the pole stroke (PS). The analysis is performed by means of the Finite Element Method (FEM) for electromagnetic computations and a lumped parameter for thermal model (LPT) both linked to an optimization algorithm based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in order to reduce the computing time. The results show the LSRM behavior for achieving an optimal design from the point of view of the thermo-mechanical performance for a given insulation class and a duty cycle operating conditions.
{"title":"Thermal performance analysis of the double-sided linear switched reluctance motor","authors":"J. García-Amorós, R. Bargalló-Perpiñá, P. Andrada, B. Blanqué","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960372","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study about the thermal performance of the double-sided flat Linear Switched Reluctance Motor (LSRM) according to the number of phases (m) and the pole stroke (PS). The analysis is performed by means of the Finite Element Method (FEM) for electromagnetic computations and a lumped parameter for thermal model (LPT) both linked to an optimization algorithm based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in order to reduce the computing time. The results show the LSRM behavior for achieving an optimal design from the point of view of the thermo-mechanical performance for a given insulation class and a duty cycle operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130144159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960219
Y. Burkhardt, A. Spagnolo, P. Lucas, M. Zavesky, P. Brockerhoff
Cost and compactness are major success factors for electrical drivetrains for (hybrid) electric vehicles (EV). To increase the system power density, the focus is set on system integration, meaning to integrate e-machine, inverter, control, and gearing into one common housing. The inverter integration is facilitated by multiphase motors leading to lower phase powers and thus smaller inverter modules. To overcome price uncertainties of rare earth magnets, improved hard ferrite magnets are chosen as an alternative. In this paper, a new highly integrated drivetrain with a ferrite based 9-phase synchronous motor concept is presented with special focus on the main choices leading to the particular electromagnetic and mechanical design. The advantages of an integrated triplex inverter power supply and the new mechanical arrangement of a spoke-type rotor design will be presented, without focusing on the detailed electromagnetic behavior of the machine.
{"title":"Design and analysis of a highly integrated 9-phase drivetrain for EV applications","authors":"Y. Burkhardt, A. Spagnolo, P. Lucas, M. Zavesky, P. Brockerhoff","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960219","url":null,"abstract":"Cost and compactness are major success factors for electrical drivetrains for (hybrid) electric vehicles (EV). To increase the system power density, the focus is set on system integration, meaning to integrate e-machine, inverter, control, and gearing into one common housing. The inverter integration is facilitated by multiphase motors leading to lower phase powers and thus smaller inverter modules. To overcome price uncertainties of rare earth magnets, improved hard ferrite magnets are chosen as an alternative. In this paper, a new highly integrated drivetrain with a ferrite based 9-phase synchronous motor concept is presented with special focus on the main choices leading to the particular electromagnetic and mechanical design. The advantages of an integrated triplex inverter power supply and the new mechanical arrangement of a spoke-type rotor design will be presented, without focusing on the detailed electromagnetic behavior of the machine.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"1346 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120878500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960499
T. D. Kefalas, A. Kladas
Even though, the transformer is the most efficient of electrical machines, with efficiencies typically in the high 90s, it is possible to reduce transformer costs and losses by using composite magnetic cores. This paper presents a new composite magnetic core that can be used effectively for manufacturing single-phase and three-phase wound core distribution transformers. The new composite wound core concept is based on experimental evidence concerning the flux density non-uniformity of conventional single-phase and three-phase magnetic wound cores and the losses and magnetization properties of conventional and high permeability Si-Fe grain-oriented steels. A systematic experimental losses and flux distribution analysis of single-phase and three-phase magnetic wound cores is undertaken as well as finite element (FE) analysis considering the bulk anisotropic characteristics of laminated wound cores.
{"title":"Reduction of cost and losses of transformers by using composite magnetic cores","authors":"T. D. Kefalas, A. Kladas","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960499","url":null,"abstract":"Even though, the transformer is the most efficient of electrical machines, with efficiencies typically in the high 90s, it is possible to reduce transformer costs and losses by using composite magnetic cores. This paper presents a new composite magnetic core that can be used effectively for manufacturing single-phase and three-phase wound core distribution transformers. The new composite wound core concept is based on experimental evidence concerning the flux density non-uniformity of conventional single-phase and three-phase magnetic wound cores and the losses and magnetization properties of conventional and high permeability Si-Fe grain-oriented steels. A systematic experimental losses and flux distribution analysis of single-phase and three-phase magnetic wound cores is undertaken as well as finite element (FE) analysis considering the bulk anisotropic characteristics of laminated wound cores.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127443720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960491
A. Thomas, Z. Zhu, G. Li
This paper presents the electromagnetic loss and thermal modelling of a switched flux permanent magnet (SFPM) machine. A 2D finite element method is first used to calculate the stator and rotor iron losses as well as PM eddy current losses. Then, 3-D thermal modelling has been performed for analysing the temperature distribution within the SFPM machine, the calculated power losses have been applied to different machine components as heat sources to predict the temperature distributions throughout the SFPM machine. A prototype of 50 kW SFPM machine has been used for thermal tests under both open-circuit and on-load conditions. Good agreement between measured and simulated results has been achieved.
{"title":"Thermal modelling of switched flux permanent magnet machines","authors":"A. Thomas, Z. Zhu, G. Li","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960491","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the electromagnetic loss and thermal modelling of a switched flux permanent magnet (SFPM) machine. A 2D finite element method is first used to calculate the stator and rotor iron losses as well as PM eddy current losses. Then, 3-D thermal modelling has been performed for analysing the temperature distribution within the SFPM machine, the calculated power losses have been applied to different machine components as heat sources to predict the temperature distributions throughout the SFPM machine. A prototype of 50 kW SFPM machine has been used for thermal tests under both open-circuit and on-load conditions. Good agreement between measured and simulated results has been achieved.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125139550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960166
S. Bhat, S. Nikam, B. G. Fernandes
Electric powered bicycles have been making their way into the world market for few years now. Typically DC, brush-less DC and PMSM motors are used as traction motors in electric bicycles. This paper describes finite element modeling and analysis of low cost ferrite based permanent magnet motor. This motor is intended to be used as traction drive in an electric assisted bicycle. The electric drive train consists of outer rotor motor along with planetary gear unit. The compact design arrangement of the planetary gear unit with motor provides better overload capability. The cogging torque is reduced by choosing a slot-pole combination with lower slots/pole ratio. Also, the phase winding and shape of permanent magnets are modified so as to obtain sinusoidal back-EMF even with a concentrated winding. Thus, torque ripple in the motor is minimized while keeping copper loss low. Prototype of the designed motor is being fabricated which is to be mounted on the rear wheel of the bicycle.
{"title":"Design and analysis of ferrite based permanent magnet motor for electric assist bicycle","authors":"S. Bhat, S. Nikam, B. G. Fernandes","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960166","url":null,"abstract":"Electric powered bicycles have been making their way into the world market for few years now. Typically DC, brush-less DC and PMSM motors are used as traction motors in electric bicycles. This paper describes finite element modeling and analysis of low cost ferrite based permanent magnet motor. This motor is intended to be used as traction drive in an electric assisted bicycle. The electric drive train consists of outer rotor motor along with planetary gear unit. The compact design arrangement of the planetary gear unit with motor provides better overload capability. The cogging torque is reduced by choosing a slot-pole combination with lower slots/pole ratio. Also, the phase winding and shape of permanent magnets are modified so as to obtain sinusoidal back-EMF even with a concentrated winding. Thus, torque ripple in the motor is minimized while keeping copper loss low. Prototype of the designed motor is being fabricated which is to be mounted on the rear wheel of the bicycle.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125946614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960160
Thomas Delphin, Y. Lefèvre, F. Biais, Marc Tunzini, C. Henaux
This paper deals with deep bar effect in squirrel cage rotors. Induction machines using this type of rotor are widespread. Some cages enhance the deep bar effect to improve the starting performances. In cited references, the analytical calculation of the equivalent circuit parameters has only been investigated for single-cage and double-cage rotors. In this paper, an analytical model is developed for the general case of n-cage rotor. The expressions of the equivalent circuit parameters are given and then applied to a double-cage slot. The results are compared to a finite element analysis for several slot dimensions. The limits of the model are shown for specific slot dimensions and conductor shapes. This paper shows that under typical dimensions the model provides good accuracy with the simulations on a wide range of frequencies.
{"title":"Analytical calculation of equivalent circuit parameters accounting for deep bar effect in multiple-cage squirrel cage rotor","authors":"Thomas Delphin, Y. Lefèvre, F. Biais, Marc Tunzini, C. Henaux","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960160","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with deep bar effect in squirrel cage rotors. Induction machines using this type of rotor are widespread. Some cages enhance the deep bar effect to improve the starting performances. In cited references, the analytical calculation of the equivalent circuit parameters has only been investigated for single-cage and double-cage rotors. In this paper, an analytical model is developed for the general case of n-cage rotor. The expressions of the equivalent circuit parameters are given and then applied to a double-cage slot. The results are compared to a finite element analysis for several slot dimensions. The limits of the model are shown for specific slot dimensions and conductor shapes. This paper shows that under typical dimensions the model provides good accuracy with the simulations on a wide range of frequencies.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123544755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960452
D. Jarrot, Y. Lefèvre, C. Henaux
This paper deals with the design of winding of permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines. One of the major issues is to develop a tool which can generate balanced winding solutions according to designer's criteria and to qualify them by computing the winding factor, magnetomotive force harmonic content and the electromagnetic parameters of the PM machine. The tool includes also an analytical model to compute accurately no-load flux, electromotive forces, inductance parameters and electromagnetic torque under defined loads. The capabilities of the tool, its basic principles, some examples and validations with Finite Elements Analyses (FEA) will be presented.
{"title":"A tool to help to design windings of permanent magnet synchronous machines","authors":"D. Jarrot, Y. Lefèvre, C. Henaux","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960452","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design of winding of permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines. One of the major issues is to develop a tool which can generate balanced winding solutions according to designer's criteria and to qualify them by computing the winding factor, magnetomotive force harmonic content and the electromagnetic parameters of the PM machine. The tool includes also an analytical model to compute accurately no-load flux, electromotive forces, inductance parameters and electromagnetic torque under defined loads. The capabilities of the tool, its basic principles, some examples and validations with Finite Elements Analyses (FEA) will be presented.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123596168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960238
M. Valavi, A. Matveev, A. Nysveen, R. Nilssen
Multiple-air-gap permanent magnet (PM) generators with iron cores are analysed for application in wind turbines. Electromagnetic analysis of a double-stator, radial-flux, low-speed PM generator with concentrated windings using time-stepping finite element analysis is presented. Two design variants - with magnetic and non-magnetic rotor yokes - are considered. Magnetic flux density, output electrical characteristics and electromagnetic torque are compared for the two variants. Generator structure (one vs. two level machines), winding topology (single vs. double layer windings) are discussed for the machine with magnetic rotor yoke. Finally, optimal number of air gaps is proposed based on predictions of generator's power density and cost.
{"title":"Multiple-airgap iron-cored direct-driven permanent magnet wind generators","authors":"M. Valavi, A. Matveev, A. Nysveen, R. Nilssen","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960238","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple-air-gap permanent magnet (PM) generators with iron cores are analysed for application in wind turbines. Electromagnetic analysis of a double-stator, radial-flux, low-speed PM generator with concentrated windings using time-stepping finite element analysis is presented. Two design variants - with magnetic and non-magnetic rotor yokes - are considered. Magnetic flux density, output electrical characteristics and electromagnetic torque are compared for the two variants. Generator structure (one vs. two level machines), winding topology (single vs. double layer windings) are discussed for the machine with magnetic rotor yoke. Finally, optimal number of air gaps is proposed based on predictions of generator's power density and cost.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126967372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960348
C. Dinca, Maximilian Bushe, A. Giedymin, U. Schafer
This paper addresses the key technical issues related to the design of a mass producible optimized BLDC drive for high pressure and dynamic automotive pump applications. The focus is on the electromechanical design of such a device for electro hydraulic suspension systems and other high pressure automotive pumps for the new 48V automotive standard for auxiliary drives. The motor comprises a fully encapsulated rotor and separated teeth for mass production.
{"title":"Mass producible optimized BLDC motor for automotive dynamic pump applications","authors":"C. Dinca, Maximilian Bushe, A. Giedymin, U. Schafer","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960348","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the key technical issues related to the design of a mass producible optimized BLDC drive for high pressure and dynamic automotive pump applications. The focus is on the electromechanical design of such a device for electro hydraulic suspension systems and other high pressure automotive pumps for the new 48V automotive standard for auxiliary drives. The motor comprises a fully encapsulated rotor and separated teeth for mass production.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115082023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-20DOI: 10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960420
K. Kanelis
The analytical equations for the salient pole synchronous machine with a current excited rotor are derived. The equations concern the d- and q-components of the stator current space vector and the excitation or field current. The speed is considered as constant within a given short time. It is shown, that the common differential equations can be solved and the results coincide with the numerical approach. The analytical equations can be used in on-line control schemes and monitoring with voltage source inverter operation, such as wind turbine generators.
{"title":"Analytical equations of the current excited synchronous machine","authors":"K. Kanelis","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2014.6960420","url":null,"abstract":"The analytical equations for the salient pole synchronous machine with a current excited rotor are derived. The equations concern the d- and q-components of the stator current space vector and the excitation or field current. The speed is considered as constant within a given short time. It is shown, that the common differential equations can be solved and the results coincide with the numerical approach. The analytical equations can be used in on-line control schemes and monitoring with voltage source inverter operation, such as wind turbine generators.","PeriodicalId":288960,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114288247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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