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effectiveness of a therapeutic teaching protocol in the treatment of reading difficulties for students of the Arabic-speaking primary 治疗性教学方案对阿拉伯语小学学生阅读困难的治疗效果
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.33422/ejbs.v3i1.363
Ladjal Ladjal Yassine
This study is concerned with highlighting the effect of vocal processing skills of vocal awareness and vocal working memory on the development of reading mechanisms and difficulties. The study was conducted on a total sample of 280 male and female pupils in the third, fourth and fifth phases of primary school ages 8-11, among them 50 children with dyslexia who were diagnosed according to a battery of standards that the researcher prepared for this purpose and that respond to the standards Psychometrics to build tests. The study aims to: To ensure the effectiveness of a pedagogical treatment program in developing reading skills for students with dyslexia dependent on phonological awareness activities and phonological working memory and the transition from part to whole gradually. In general, children with dyslexia suffer from a great and persistent difficulty in phonemic representation, in addition to a deficiency in the lower linguistic units in the Arabic language and their use to reach the skills of recognizing the written word by linking between the linear phonemic compatibility of the voice. Our findings support the evolutionary hypothesis of general disability in vocal processing skills and concluded that rhyme awareness appears before vocal syllabic awareness. A child at this level finds difficulty in phonograms with moving sound. Additionally, multiple regression analysis shows that poor vocal memory is the best indication of poor vocal awareness in the Arabic language. Studies also focused on the effectiveness of the proposed program for the treatment of vocal dyslexia in improving the ability to read in general.
本研究旨在探讨发声意识和发声工作记忆的发声加工技能对阅读机制和阅读困难发展的影响。这项研究是在280名8-11岁小学第三、第四和第五阶段的男女学生中进行的,其中50名患有阅读障碍的儿童是根据研究人员为此目的准备的一系列标准进行诊断的,这些标准对心理测量学标准作出反应,以建立测试。本研究的目的在于:确保语音意识活动和语音工作记忆的教学治疗方案在培养阅读障碍学生阅读技能方面的有效性,并确保其从部分到整体的逐步过渡。一般来说,患有阅读障碍的儿童在音位表达方面存在巨大而持久的困难,此外,他们在阿拉伯语的较低语言单位方面也存在缺陷,无法通过连接语音的线性音位兼容性来达到识别书面单词的技能。我们的研究结果支持了声音处理技能普遍残疾的进化假说,并得出了押韵意识先于语音音节意识出现的结论。这个水平的孩子在听有移动声音的留声机时有困难。此外,多元回归分析表明,较差的声音记忆是阿拉伯语中较差的声音意识的最佳指标。研究还集中在拟议的方案的有效性,以改善一般的阅读能力的声乐阅读障碍的治疗。
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引用次数: 1
Social Contract, Authoritarianism and the Dilemma of Africans 社会契约、威权主义与非洲人的困境
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.33422/ejbs.v3i1.318
M. Kali
The article expatiates on the social contract to clarify the circumstances leading to despotism, authoritarianism, violation of civil liberties and misery in Africa. It describes the ways in which African leaders violate individual freedoms despite the presence of local laws and international conventions. The article explains the process that led to the misfortune of Africans based on case studies informed by primary and secondary data. It contends that the repercussions of the social contract were underrated due to the dearth of choices. Thus, governments abuse their powers and crush every agent that attempts to provide checks and balances. However, the verdicts of certain local courts and the International Criminal Court demonstrate that strengthening the judicial system can transform the status quo.
本文通过对社会契约的阐述,阐明了导致非洲专制、专制、侵犯公民自由和苦难的环境。它描述了非洲领导人无视当地法律和国际公约的存在而侵犯个人自由的方式。这篇文章解释了导致非洲人不幸的过程,基于第一手和二手数据的案例研究。它认为,由于缺乏选择,社会契约的影响被低估了。因此,政府滥用权力,粉碎每一个试图提供制衡的代理人。然而,某些地方法院和国际刑事法院的判决表明,加强司法制度可以改变现状。
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引用次数: 1
Adaption and Memory: The Reckless Leader and The Effects of the First Family 适应和记忆:鲁莽的领导人和第一家庭的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.33422/WOMENSCONF.2020.12.124
Dionnie DeWitt
There are harmful leaders, but too few instances of how harmful the leadership is within the church get explored and how it affects the first families. Several harmful leadership styles, such as an egotistical leader, an ignorant leader, and a reckless leader, studied in some capacity under leadership.  There is an ideology put forward, and it is believed that leaders are not just appearing in business or corporate America, but leaders are leaders and are showing forth their leadership in everyday instances as a mother who teaches their child. The leader's leadership scope was explored by filtering it through adaption and memory, with memory being a significant part of this paper. The overall platform is looking at (reckless) leadership through the lens of religion (Christianity) with a philosophical undertone using personal reflections. The results for this research, under the assumption, of using the qualitative method and using two qualitative designs, helped with data collection. The narrative approach and the phenomenological approach show the leader's evolving behavior and the first family's behavior through personal observation with testimonies to expose the effects of their memory. Scriptures are used to expose or reveal the split leadership dynamic and how memory dictates leaders' response and behavior.  Two individual stories were rendered, which more participants are needed to develop a consensus of adaption and memory in leadership and how it affects the first family. Understanding that some things are caught, and some things are taught, this study's outcome, by looking at leadership and the effects of the first family, concluding with the suggestion of furthering this research to explore a more in-depth understanding of reckless leadership in the scope of adaptation to memory.
有一些有害的领袖,但很少有人探讨教会内部的领导有多有害,以及它如何影响第一家庭。几种有害的领导风格,如自负的领导,无知的领导和鲁莽的领导,研究了一些能力下的领导。人们提出了一种意识形态,认为领导者不仅出现在商业或美国公司中,而且领导者就是领导者,并且在日常生活中表现出他们的领导力,就像母亲教育孩子一样。通过适应和记忆对领导者的领导范围进行过滤,探索领导者的领导范围,其中记忆是本文的重要部分。整个平台是通过宗教(基督教)的镜头,以个人反思的哲学基调来看待(鲁莽的)领导。本研究的结果,在假设下,使用定性方法和使用两个定性设计,有助于数据收集。叙事性方法和现象性方法通过亲身观察和见证的方式展示了领导人和第一家庭的行为演变过程,揭示了他们的记忆效应。经文被用来揭露或揭示分裂的领导动态,以及记忆如何决定领导者的反应和行为。两个单独的故事被呈现出来,需要更多的参与者来形成领导力的适应和记忆的共识,以及它如何影响第一家庭。了解到有些事情是被抓住的,有些事情是被教导的,本研究的结果,通过观察领导力和第一家庭的影响,最后提出进一步研究的建议,以探索在适应记忆的范围内更深入地理解鲁莽的领导力。
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引用次数: 0
The Definition of The Psychological Pressure on Children by The Parents at The Post-Divorce Stage 离婚后父母对子女心理压力的定义
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33422/4TH.ICSHE.2020.12.27
Arkadi Aghvan Mehrabyan
In this article we have tried to present our research in this field, drawing on a parallel with world experience, research and obtained data.It is well known that the innate desire to have a relationship with parents is one of the most powerful instincts of man, perhaps surpassed only by the instinct of survival and the instinct of protection own children. Among normal children, this instinct is rarely suppressed if there is no stimulating influence.In our article we have tried to show that alienation is more widespread and depressing for children and parents than previously thought. It is more important to raise this issue these days because it may seem strange that all over the world, every day, every hour, is expressing their views on the protection of children's rights, many laws and international conventions are being adopted, but the children still remain the vulnerable and defenseless ring.A thorough study of the key elements of parent alienation in research literature has revealed that it contains elements of maltreatment with children. At the same time, our research has shown that the more a child persistently insists on not being in touch with the other parent, the greater the pressure on the child from the other parent. Therefore, parental alienation requires relevant measures for children protection.A notorious factor should be the involvement and taking the responsibility of competent structures, rather than avoiding or ignoring such phenomena.
在本文中,我们试图介绍我们在这一领域的研究,借鉴平行世界的经验,研究和获得的数据。众所周知,与父母建立关系的天生愿望是人类最强大的本能之一,也许仅次于生存的本能和保护自己孩子的本能。在正常儿童中,如果没有刺激的影响,这种本能很少被抑制。在我们的文章中,我们试图表明,对孩子和父母来说,疏离感比以前想象的更为普遍和令人沮丧。现在提出这个问题是更重要的,因为这似乎很奇怪,世界各地,每一天,每一个小时,都在表达他们对保护儿童权利的看法,许多法律和国际公约正在通过,但儿童仍然是脆弱和无助的群体。对研究文献中父母疏离的关键因素的深入研究表明,它包含了虐待儿童的因素。与此同时,我们的研究表明,一个孩子越坚持不与父母中的另一方联系,另一方给孩子的压力就越大。因此,父母疏离需要对儿童采取相应的保护措施。一个臭名昭著的因素应该是主管机构的参与和承担责任,而不是避免或忽视这种现象。
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引用次数: 0
Racism in the 21st Century: Debbie Tucker Green’s Eye for Ear 《21世纪的种族主义:黛比·塔克·格林的眼换耳
Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.33422/EJBS.V3I3.483
Belgin Bağırlar
Does equality exist in the 21st century, or, are minorities still forced to fight for equality? In nineteenth century, Britain, racism was blatant in all spheres of cultural, social, and economic life to the point that it crossed over into literature and theatre. In 1978, UNESCO adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Forty years have since passed, but has it made any difference? Contemporary British playwright Debbie Tucker Green’s Eye for Ear (2018), staged at the Royal Court Theatre, reminds us that racism and inequality is still a key social-political issue. This three-act, avant-garde, colloquial play depicts how both African-Americans as well as Black British people still live with racism today. It also highlights racism’s linguistic and legal past. Tucker Green particularly focuses on the violent aspect of that racism through the lens of different characters: an academic, a black student, a black boy, and black parents. The play concludes with crushed hope, for it deduces that Caucasians both in the United States and in Great Britain still dominate practically every facet of society. This study will examine Green’s Ear for Eye, racial discrimination in the 21st century, and how Tucker Green projects her views upon her work through the theory of race and racism.
平等在21世纪还存在吗?或者,少数民族仍然被迫为平等而斗争吗?在19世纪的英国,种族主义在文化、社会和经济生活的各个领域都是明目张心的,甚至蔓延到了文学和戏剧领域。1978年,联合国教科文组织通过了《世界人权宣言》。40年过去了,但有什么不同吗?英国当代剧作家黛比·塔克·格林的《以眼还耳》(2018)在皇家宫廷剧院上演,提醒我们种族主义和不平等仍然是一个关键的社会政治问题。这部三幕前卫的口语化戏剧描绘了非裔美国人和英国黑人今天仍然生活在种族主义之中。它还突出了种族主义在语言和法律上的历史。塔克·格林特别关注种族主义的暴力方面,通过不同角色的镜头:一个学者,一个黑人学生,一个黑人男孩和黑人父母。该剧以破灭的希望结束,因为它推断出美国和英国的白种人仍然几乎支配着社会的方方面面。本研究将考察格林的《以眼还眼》,21世纪的种族歧视,以及塔克·格林如何通过种族和种族主义理论将她的观点投射到她的作品中。
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引用次数: 0
Pro tip: Screen-based payment methods increase negative feelings in consumers but do not increase tip sizes 专业提示:基于屏幕的支付方式会增加消费者的负面情绪,但不会增加小费金额
Pub Date : 2020-04-29 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/yfne8
Francine W Goh, Alexandria C. Jungck, J. Stevens
Leaving monetary tips for servers is a commonplace occurrence in the United States. Tipping research has proposed that consumers tip to serve a variety of motives such as to ensure good service on future patronage, supplement servers' wages, and comply with social norms. Meanwhile, research on environmental factors that affect tipping behavior, such as method of bill payment, have yielded mixed findings. The advancement of technology has increased the use of screen-based payment methods that feature options with differing suggested tip amounts. This technology may pressure consumers into leaving larger tips or start tipping in situations where they previously would not. Using a computer-based study, we simulated limited-service experiences where customers have short interactions with their servers (e.g., ordering a cup of coffee to-go at a coffee shop). We studied how the availability of screen-based payment methods affected consumer feelings about establishments and tip amounts. Results indicated that, in our simulated coffee shop scenario, people feel negatively about screen-based payment methods and may avoid limited-service establishments that use them, but they did not leave larger tips when compared to other payment methods. Moreover, people did not tip more when a server was visible (versus absent) and empathy did not moderate this effect. Together, these findings suggest that people tip to comply with social norms in limited-service environments even if they may feel negatively about the consumer experience.
在美国,给服务员小费是司空见惯的事。小费研究表明,消费者给小费是出于多种动机,比如确保未来顾客得到良好的服务,补充服务员的工资,以及遵守社会规范。与此同时,对影响付小费行为的环境因素(如付账单的方式)的研究得出了不同的结果。科技的进步增加了基于屏幕的支付方式的使用,这种支付方式提供了不同建议小费金额的选项。这项技术可能会迫使消费者留下更多的小费,或者在他们以前不会给的情况下开始给小费。使用基于计算机的研究,我们模拟了有限的服务体验,其中客户与他们的服务器有短暂的交互(例如,在咖啡店点一杯外带咖啡)。我们研究了基于屏幕的支付方式的可用性如何影响消费者对场所和小费金额的感受。结果表明,在我们模拟的咖啡店场景中,人们对基于屏幕的支付方式持负面态度,可能会避开使用这种支付方式的有限服务场所,但与其他支付方式相比,他们并没有留下更多的小费。此外,当服务员在场时(与不在场相比),人们不会给更多的小费,同理心也不会缓和这种影响。总之,这些发现表明,在服务有限的环境中,人们给小费是为了遵守社会规范,即使他们可能对消费体验感到负面。
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引用次数: 0
The English Language in India: From Racial-Colonial to Democratic 印度的英语:从种族殖民到民主
Pub Date : 2020-02-21 DOI: 10.33422/ejbs.v3i1.302
Asima Ranjan Parhi Parhi
In India and the other countries of the global south, a non-native variety of English Language has been serving the interest of the socio-cultural needs. Such a variety suits to the interest of the young learners since they have already mastered the tools of communication from outside the class room. Even the seasoned writers and columnists have developed a tendency to experiment further and develop suitable material for language teaching which was previously dependent on prescriptive grammar and lexical structures. This calls for an investigation into the nature of a shift within the very core of this language in India. This Paper tries to draw a graph on the course of this shift by examining data collected from mass media and situate this fresh use of language at a democratic space unlike the monolith of language as practiced in past. The news entries are trendy and user friendly, contain morphological and syntactic novelty that provides suitable methods to support pedagogy. It is fascinating to see how such data holds a promise of huge curricular implications providing a pragmatic road map for the teaching of theory, literature, and English language in India rather than development of mere skills as done in past.
在印度和全球南方的其他国家,一种非母语的英语一直在服务于社会文化需求的利益。这样的变化符合年轻学习者的兴趣,因为他们已经掌握了从课堂外交流的工具。即使是经验丰富的作家和专栏作家也倾向于进一步试验,为以前依赖于规定的语法和词汇结构的语言教学开发合适的材料。这就要求对这种语言在印度的核心内部发生转变的性质进行调查。本文试图通过研究从大众媒体收集的数据来绘制这一转变过程的图表,并将这种新的语言使用置于一个民主的空间,而不是像过去那样使用语言。新闻条目是时尚和用户友好的,包含词法和句法的新颖性,为支持教学提供了合适的方法。看到这些数据为印度的理论、文学和英语教学提供了一个实用的路线图,而不是像过去那样仅仅培养技能,这是多么令人着迷。
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引用次数: 0
Process of Parentification And Construction of Ego Identity in The Cameroonian Adolescents 喀麦隆青少年父母教养过程与自我同一性建构
Pub Date : 2019-11-08 DOI: 10.33422/iacrss.2019.11.625
N. Mireille, Ndzerem Shela Shiyghan, Tsala Tsala Jacques Philippe
Culture and idiosyncratic family configuration play a significant role in neglect, such as parentification. Some family systems may engender an inappropriate overlap in subsystems, with member participating in roles that are traditionally reserved for other members. We have the case of adolescents in parental roles. The adolescent is brought to make personal choices that will have long term repercussions on varied domains of his life. To this effect, the society should give to him the possibility of a psycho-social moratorium which is a necessary period for the construction of a true identity. So how the construction of self-identity would be effectuated in the case of parentified adolescents. We carried out a semi-structured interview on five adolescents in Yaounde, the capital city of Cameroon who are in a situation of parentification. For the analysis, we used the content as well as the thematic analysis of the interviews. The findings show that the parentified adolescent have had no time to live the stage of adolescence. They are early parents because of the responsibilities they carry at an age or time they are not ready or prepared for. What is particular and special about them is the extent to which they are able to construct a positive self and give positive self-view of life. So, the process of parentificatin will have positive repercussions on the construction of ego identity of the adolescent. The findings of this study has shown the importance of contextual study as a good number of literature on parentification have shown the destructive and maladaptive impact of parentification on the development of adolescents.
文化和特殊的家庭结构在忽视中起着重要作用,例如父母教养。一些家庭系统可能在子系统中产生不适当的重叠,成员参与传统上为其他成员保留的角色。我们有扮演父母角色的青少年的例子。青少年被要求做出个人选择,这些选择将对他生活的各个领域产生长期影响。为了达到这个效果,社会应该给他一种心理-社会暂停的可能性,这是一个构建真实身份的必要时期。那么自我认同的建构是如何在父母化的青少年中实现的呢?我们对喀麦隆首都雅温得的五名处于父母身份的青少年进行了半结构化访谈。在分析中,我们使用了访谈的内容分析和主题分析。研究结果表明,被父母抚养的青少年没有时间过青春期。他们是早期父母,因为他们在年龄或时间上承担的责任,他们还没有准备好或准备好。他们的特别之处在于他们能够在多大程度上构建一个积极的自我并给出积极的人生观。因此,父母教养过程会对青少年自我同一性的建构产生积极的影响。本研究的结果表明了语境研究的重要性,因为大量关于父母教养的文献已经表明父母教养对青少年发展的破坏性和适应性不良影响。
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引用次数: 0
Russians in Business: An Analytical Study of Culture, Governance and Behavior 商业中的俄罗斯人:文化、治理和行为的分析研究
Pub Date : 2019-11-08 DOI: 10.33422/ejbs.v2i2.147
E. Rudnev
The article reveals the specifics of Russian national culture and its role in business. The data of studies of Russians are summarized in behavioral context. The historical periods of Russia's development and governance and their influence on behavior are described in the business environment. The greatest differences are noted between the Russian and Anglo-Saxon mentality. Russians are described in typical situations at the present stage of Russian economy development - the formal use of IT, bureaucracy, subordination, the importance of personal contacts, and desire to control workers behavior during off-hours.
文章揭示了俄罗斯民族文化的特点及其在商业中的作用。对俄罗斯人的研究数据进行了行为语境的总结。在商业环境中描述了俄罗斯发展和治理的历史时期及其对行为的影响。俄罗斯人与盎格鲁-撒克逊人的心态之间存在着最大的差异。文章描述了俄罗斯人在当前经济发展阶段的典型情况——信息技术的正式使用、官僚主义、从属关系、个人联系的重要性以及在非工作时间控制员工行为的愿望。
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引用次数: 1
The Power of Myth: A Case for A Woman Pope 神话的力量:一位女教皇的案例
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.33422/worldcss.2019.09.541
Franklin Shapiro
No matter how bizarre and unreal myths may be they embody extraordinary power and influence. Undoubtedly, myths also possess some measure of historical authenticity. One of the first women in western history to be cloaked in the mantle of fame and mystery was Mary Magdalene. She emerges as a semi-mythical figure. However, judging by the spiritual message of love she instils into the hearts of millions of Christian believers, and by viewing the thousands of works of art evoking her supposed attributes, deeds and influence, and in surveying the numerous churches, convents and other religious orders erected in her honor as their patron saint, one can say that her shadow bridges the divide between myth and history. In my research I find it doubtful whether the disciples would have had the courage to continue advancing the cause of Christianity without Mary. in the wake of Christ’s death, Christianity sank to its lowest point; and would either have vanished or become just another marginal Jewish sect. It was due to Mary’s charisma and fortitude that empowered Christianity with the tools to persevere. The Magdalene phenomenon lingered on as a growing threat to the Church. How else can we explain the extreme measures the Church eventually took in expunging her memory? Branding the Magdalene myth with sin aided in negating the gender equality ethos of the early apostolic church and justifying the authorization of the Petrus pope dynasty.
无论神话多么离奇和不真实,它们都体现了非凡的力量和影响。毫无疑问,神话也具有一定程度的历史真实性。抹大拉的马利亚是西方历史上第一个披着名声和神秘斗篷的女人。她以半神话的形象出现。然而,通过她向数百万基督徒灌输的爱的精神信息,通过观看成千上万的艺术作品,唤起人们对她的属性、行为和影响的想象,通过调查无数的教堂、修道院和其他为纪念她作为他们的守护神而建立的宗教团体,我们可以说,她的影子在神话和历史之间架起了一座桥梁。在我的研究中,我发现如果没有玛丽,门徒们是否有勇气继续推进基督教事业是值得怀疑的。基督死后,基督教沦至最低点;要么消失,要么成为另一个边缘的犹太教派。正是由于玛丽的魅力和坚韧,基督教才有了坚持下去的工具。抹大拉现象对教会的威胁越来越大。不然我们怎么解释教会最终采取的抹去她记忆的极端措施呢?将抹大拉神话与罪恶联系起来,有助于否定早期使徒教会的性别平等精神,并为彼得鲁斯教皇王朝的授权辩护。
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引用次数: 0
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European Journal of Behavioral Sciences
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