An overview is presented of the response of brittle material to abrasion. A three-region model is proposed for both two-body and three-body wear, two regions being where removal rate is nearly independent of abrasive size for otherwise identical conditions, and a transition region where rate is proportional to abrasive size. The mechanics is explored through these three regions in two-body and three-body wear and some comparisons are made to the wear of nonbrittle materials. This work is restricted to isotropic materials, since variations in bond strength and lattice structure introduce orientation effects.<>
{"title":"The response of isotropic brittle materials to abrasive processes","authors":"N. Brown, B. Fuchs, P. Hed, I. Stowers","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1989.68922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1989.68922","url":null,"abstract":"An overview is presented of the response of brittle material to abrasion. A three-region model is proposed for both two-body and three-body wear, two regions being where removal rate is nearly independent of abrasive size for otherwise identical conditions, and a transition region where rate is proportional to abrasive size. The mechanics is explored through these three regions in two-body and three-body wear and some comparisons are made to the wear of nonbrittle materials. This work is restricted to isotropic materials, since variations in bond strength and lattice structure introduce orientation effects.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114238127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Doukhan, P. Cordier, N. Doukhan, M. Fragneau, J. Aubry
Lattice defects in lithium tantalate single crystals and their possible effect on the performances of piezoelectric devices are investigated. These defects have been characterized by various techniques and especially by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that the density of as-grown defects should not induce any appreciable decrease of the piezoelectric performance except for some dislocations that generate nonremovable ferroelectric domains around them. Such dislocations can also be accidentally introduced by matching operations; in this case their density can be much larger and an appreciable decrease of the piezoelectric performances may result. The techniques used for sawing and polishing are thus very important for getting high-performance devices.<>
{"title":"Lattice defects in lithium tantalate","authors":"J. Doukhan, P. Cordier, N. Doukhan, M. Fragneau, J. Aubry","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1989.68909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1989.68909","url":null,"abstract":"Lattice defects in lithium tantalate single crystals and their possible effect on the performances of piezoelectric devices are investigated. These defects have been characterized by various techniques and especially by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is found that the density of as-grown defects should not induce any appreciable decrease of the piezoelectric performance except for some dislocations that generate nonremovable ferroelectric domains around them. Such dislocations can also be accidentally introduced by matching operations; in this case their density can be much larger and an appreciable decrease of the piezoelectric performances may result. The techniques used for sawing and polishing are thus very important for getting high-performance devices.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124346091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Capelle, A. Zarka, Y. Zheng, J. Détaint, J. Schwartzel
AT-cut quartz resonators containing dislocations, etch channels or growth bands have been studied by stroboscopic X-ray topography using synchrotron radiation. Experimental images and simulated ones presented here show that the acoustic wave is perturbed in the vicinity of dislocations and indicate that nonlinear terms have to be considered to describe the acoustic deformation field near dislocations. Similar experimental results were obtained in vibrating resonators containing etch channels and suggest that the influence of etch channels may be more important than that of dislocations. Classic X-ray topographs using the synchrotron radiation are also presented to show coupled modes in AT-cut quartz resonators. In particular the u/sub 2/ and u/sub 3/ components of the acoustic displacement were visualized simultaneously with the main thickness-shear component u/sub 1/. An interesting mechanism of the mode coupling was evidenced.<>
{"title":"Stroboscopic X-ray topography of quartz resonators","authors":"B. Capelle, A. Zarka, Y. Zheng, J. Détaint, J. Schwartzel","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1989.68905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1989.68905","url":null,"abstract":"AT-cut quartz resonators containing dislocations, etch channels or growth bands have been studied by stroboscopic X-ray topography using synchrotron radiation. Experimental images and simulated ones presented here show that the acoustic wave is perturbed in the vicinity of dislocations and indicate that nonlinear terms have to be considered to describe the acoustic deformation field near dislocations. Similar experimental results were obtained in vibrating resonators containing etch channels and suggest that the influence of etch channels may be more important than that of dislocations. Classic X-ray topographs using the synchrotron radiation are also presented to show coupled modes in AT-cut quartz resonators. In particular the u/sub 2/ and u/sub 3/ components of the acoustic displacement were visualized simultaneously with the main thickness-shear component u/sub 1/. An interesting mechanism of the mode coupling was evidenced.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294361,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132560188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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