O. Osundiya, T. Ajepe, B.A. Ileyemi, A.D. Jaiyeoba
Objectives: This study was designed to determine the rate of perceived exertion, cardiovascular responses of community dwelling older adults to six minutes' walk (6MWT) and possible gender difference. Methods: One hundred and three apparently healthy community dwelling older adults, aged 60 years and above participated in the study. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and cardiovascular responses (blood pressure, peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SPO2 ) and pulse rate) were measured pre and post 6MWT. Results: There was a significant increase (p = 0.01) in RPE among all participants after the 6MWT. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in all the cardiovascular parameters pre and post 6MWT but with a significant difference in SPO2 between male and female participants. Conclusion: Among older adults, rate of perceived exertion after a 6MWT was sort of hard with possible influence on the Systolic Blood Pressure following 6MWT. Female participants showed higher oxygen saturation than males.
{"title":"Rate of perceived exertion and cardiovascular response of community dwelling older adults to six-minute walk test","authors":"O. Osundiya, T. Ajepe, B.A. Ileyemi, A.D. Jaiyeoba","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study was designed to determine the rate of perceived exertion, cardiovascular responses of community dwelling older adults to six minutes' walk (6MWT) and possible gender difference. \u0000Methods: One hundred and three apparently healthy community dwelling older adults, aged 60 years and above participated in the study. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and cardiovascular responses (blood pressure, peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SPO2 ) and pulse rate) were measured pre and post 6MWT. \u0000Results: There was a significant increase (p = 0.01) in RPE among all participants after the 6MWT. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in all the cardiovascular parameters pre and post 6MWT but with a significant difference in SPO2 between male and female participants. \u0000Conclusion: Among older adults, rate of perceived exertion after a 6MWT was sort of hard with possible influence on the Systolic Blood Pressure following 6MWT. Female participants showed higher oxygen saturation than males. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46949039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This research article examined the leadership competency of primary healthcare facility managers in the selected high, medium and low performing District Councils in Tanzania. Methods: The study was conducted in the selected high, medium and low performing District Councils in Tanzania. This research used cross sectional quantitative research design. A complete enumeration sampling strategy was employed to inquire data from 102 primary healthcare facility managers. Similarly, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) was used to analyse the data. Ethically, the permission was granted by the University of Dodoma. Findings: Results revealed that, (72.55%), (66.45%) and (80.39%) of primary healthcare manager were competent and (27.45%), (33.55%), and (19.61%) were less than competent in leading people and teams, leading organisation, and leader quality respectively. Conclusions: The study concludes that primary healthcare managers exhibited competent and less than competent levels of leadership competency in all investigated constructs.
{"title":"Leadership competencies of primary healthcare managers: a cross-sectional quantitative study of high, medium and low performing district councils in Tanzania","authors":"U. A. Kingu, J. Ismail, S. Kibusi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This research article examined the leadership competency of primary healthcare facility managers in the selected high, medium and low performing District Councils in Tanzania. \u0000Methods: The study was conducted in the selected high, medium and low performing District Councils in Tanzania. This research used cross sectional quantitative research design. A complete enumeration sampling strategy was employed to inquire data from 102 primary healthcare facility managers. Similarly, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) was used to analyse the data. Ethically, the permission was granted by the University of Dodoma. \u0000Findings: Results revealed that, (72.55%), (66.45%) and (80.39%) of primary healthcare manager were competent and (27.45%), (33.55%), and (19.61%) were less than competent in leading people and teams, leading organisation, and leader quality respectively. \u0000Conclusions: The study concludes that primary healthcare managers exhibited competent and less than competent levels of leadership competency in all investigated constructs.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Farinloye, O. Abiodun, B. Omisore, S. olowookere, R. Fafowora, O. Omobuwa, M. Adeyemo, Waliu Adesegun Tajudeen
Background- Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries despite the availability of screening tests that could detect pre-cancerous conditions. The aim was to assess the respondents' level of knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer screening as well as to identify factors predictive of screening uptake. Methodology- A cross-sectional survey of 150 female staff of Osun State University, South Western Nigeria selected across campuses by multi-stage sampling. Data was collected with the aid of semistructured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results- The mean age for the respondents was 34.7 (±8.32) years. Majority (80%) of the respondents were aware of cancer of the cervix but only 40% had good knowledge of the disease. About 77.5% of the respondents had a good attitude towards its screening. Only 21 (%) had ever done cervical cancer screening. Factors associated with cervical cancer screening uptake include age, income, level of education, staff category, respondents' belief on general availability of cervical screening, attitude, having known a person with cervical cancer, having had information through counseling on cervical cancer as well as respondents' knowledge of cervical cancer. The latter two are predictive of screening uptake. Respondents with good knowledge were about four times likely to have had cervical cancer screening compared with respondents with poor knowledge. Conclusion- Majority of the respondents had poor knowledge of cervical cancer but good attitude towards its screening. Identifiable determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake were knowledgebased, thus continuous enlightenment of women of all age-groups becomes imperative.
{"title":"Determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake among female staff in a multicampus university in South-Western Nigeria","authors":"E. Farinloye, O. Abiodun, B. Omisore, S. olowookere, R. Fafowora, O. Omobuwa, M. Adeyemo, Waliu Adesegun Tajudeen","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i4.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background- Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries despite the availability of screening tests that could detect pre-cancerous conditions. The aim was to assess the respondents' level of knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer screening as well as to identify factors predictive of screening uptake. \u0000Methodology- A cross-sectional survey of 150 female staff of Osun State University, South Western Nigeria selected across campuses by multi-stage sampling. Data was collected with the aid of semistructured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. \u0000Results- The mean age for the respondents was 34.7 (±8.32) years. Majority (80%) of the respondents were aware of cancer of the cervix but only 40% had good knowledge of the disease. About 77.5% of the respondents had a good attitude towards its screening. Only 21 (%) had ever done cervical cancer screening. Factors associated with cervical cancer screening uptake include age, income, level of education, staff category, respondents' belief on general availability of cervical screening, attitude, having known a person with cervical cancer, having had information through counseling on cervical cancer as well as respondents' knowledge of cervical cancer. The latter two are predictive of screening uptake. Respondents with good knowledge were about four times likely to have had cervical cancer screening compared with respondents with poor knowledge. \u0000Conclusion- Majority of the respondents had poor knowledge of cervical cancer but good attitude towards its screening. Identifiable determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake were knowledgebased, thus continuous enlightenment of women of all age-groups becomes imperative.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42361320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Owolabi, M.O. Atandero, O. T. Oluwaseyi, O. O. Afolabi
Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men globally. The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge of prostate cancer among public transport drivers, the perception of prostate cancer among public transport drivers and to evaluate the uptake of prostate cancer screening among public transport drivers.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self- structured questionnaire with Yoruba and Igbo version was used to elicit information from the drivers. Two hundred and thirty four participants (234) were recruited for the study and SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data collected.Results: The participants mean age being ±46 years 5.1 standard deviation and a good number of them were married, Majority of the public transport drivers had poor knowledge of Prostate Cancer and screening and the poor knowledge could be traced to low level of education among the participants. A significant proportion of the participants however, exhibited poor knowledge and negative attitudes and perceptions of prostate cancer screening and treatment. The uptake rate for prostate cancer screening among the participants was 18% which is relatively low. This study was an eye opener as it revealed significant low knowledge, perception of prostate cancer and relatively low prostate cancer screening practice The findings in this study is an indication for a need to increase public sensitization campaigns on prostate cancer and its screening tests to improve public understanding about the disease with the aim of prevention and early detection .Conclusion: The study showed considerable source of participant's information on PCa to be from health workers and social media. .However, there is considerable low screening uptake. Therefore, health education should target people with lower educational level and whose workload is strenuous this in turn will increase the uptake of screening of Prostate Cancer.
{"title":"Assessment of the knowledge and perception of prostate cancer and uptake of screening among public transport drivers in selected motor parks in Akure, Ondo State","authors":"A. Owolabi, M.O. Atandero, O. T. Oluwaseyi, O. O. Afolabi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men globally. The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge of prostate cancer among public transport drivers, the perception of prostate cancer among public transport drivers and to evaluate the uptake of prostate cancer screening among public transport drivers.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self- structured questionnaire with Yoruba and Igbo version was used to elicit information from the drivers. Two hundred and thirty four participants (234) were recruited for the study and SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the data collected.Results: The participants mean age being ±46 years 5.1 standard deviation and a good number of them were married, Majority of the public transport drivers had poor knowledge of Prostate Cancer and screening and the poor knowledge could be traced to low level of education among the participants. A significant proportion of the participants however, exhibited poor knowledge and negative attitudes and perceptions of prostate cancer screening and treatment. The uptake rate for prostate cancer screening among the participants was 18% which is relatively low. This study was an eye opener as it revealed significant low knowledge, perception of prostate cancer and relatively low prostate cancer screening practice The findings in this study is an indication for a need to increase public sensitization campaigns on prostate cancer and its screening tests to improve public understanding about the disease with the aim of prevention and early detection .Conclusion: The study showed considerable source of participant's information on PCa to be from health workers and social media. .However, there is considerable low screening uptake. Therefore, health education should target people with lower educational level and whose workload is strenuous this in turn will increase the uptake of screening of Prostate Cancer. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44923134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. O. Folami, T. Olajumoke, I. Kolawole, A. Ojo, S. Raji, R. O. Folami
Background: Suxamethonium remains the best option for rapid sequence induction, it is the only depolarizing muscle relaxant in clinical use. However, fasciculation and myalgia are frequent adverse effects of the drug. Myalgia can last for several days with associated discomfort. Non-depolarizing muscle relaxant and magnesium sulphate have been tried as pretreatments to attenuate the fasciculation and myalgia with varying results.Methods: A double blind, randomized study of 100 adult surgical patients of ASA I or II Class were recruited to receive either intravenous atracurium (0.05mg/kg) (Group A) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (30mg/kg)(Group B). The occurrence, severity and duration of fasciculation as well as the occurrence and severity of post-operative myalgia were also recorded.Results: Muscle fasciculation occurred in 39 (78%) patients in Group A and 27(54%) patients in Group B (p= 0.001). The severity of fasciculation was mild to moderate in Group B while Group A in addition also recorded some cases of severe episodes of fasciculation. Mean duration of fasciculation in Group A waslonger (28.48 ± 1.07sec) than in group B (19.44± 1.93seconds) (p= 0.001). Post-operative myalgia was not experienced at 6hrs and 48hrs, while 2 patients (1 in each Group) had it at 12hrs. At 24hrs, postoperative myalgia was present in 13(26%) patients in group A and 5(10%) patients in group B, (p=0.043). The severity of post-operative myalgia recorded both at 12hrs and 24hrs was mild.Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate demonstrated better efficacy at reducing fasciculation and postoperative myalgia than atracurium
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of atracurium pretreatment versus magnesium sulphate for prevention of suxamethonium-induced fasciculation and post-operative myalgia","authors":"E. O. Folami, T. Olajumoke, I. Kolawole, A. Ojo, S. Raji, R. O. Folami","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suxamethonium remains the best option for rapid sequence induction, it is the only depolarizing muscle relaxant in clinical use. However, fasciculation and myalgia are frequent adverse effects of the drug. Myalgia can last for several days with associated discomfort. Non-depolarizing muscle relaxant and magnesium sulphate have been tried as pretreatments to attenuate the fasciculation and myalgia with varying results.Methods: A double blind, randomized study of 100 adult surgical patients of ASA I or II Class were recruited to receive either intravenous atracurium (0.05mg/kg) (Group A) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (30mg/kg)(Group B). The occurrence, severity and duration of fasciculation as well as the occurrence and severity of post-operative myalgia were also recorded.Results: Muscle fasciculation occurred in 39 (78%) patients in Group A and 27(54%) patients in Group B (p= 0.001). The severity of fasciculation was mild to moderate in Group B while Group A in addition also recorded some cases of severe episodes of fasciculation. Mean duration of fasciculation in Group A waslonger (28.48 ± 1.07sec) than in group B (19.44± 1.93seconds) (p= 0.001). Post-operative myalgia was not experienced at 6hrs and 48hrs, while 2 patients (1 in each Group) had it at 12hrs. At 24hrs, postoperative myalgia was present in 13(26%) patients in group A and 5(10%) patients in group B, (p=0.043). The severity of post-operative myalgia recorded both at 12hrs and 24hrs was mild.Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate demonstrated better efficacy at reducing fasciculation and postoperative myalgia than atracurium","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44015399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Atere, Y. Kosamat, O. Adeyemi, S. Zubairu, O. Akanni
Background: Hypercoagulability has been linked to an increase in risk factors, making diabetes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries like Nigeria. This research examined some haemostatic parameters in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methodology: A total of 100 subjects consisting of 40 GDM, 30 non-gestational diabetes pregnant women (NGPW) attending the ante-natal clinic of the hospital and 30 women with neither diabetes nor pregnancy (NDNP) were enrolled as controls in this study. Ten milliliters of blood was collected and dispensed into an appropriate anticoagulant bottle. Prothrombin time (PT), Activated partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), complete blood count (CBC) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) was estimated using standard techniques.Results: There was a significantly higher in the mean values of FBS, PT, APTT and WBC among GDM and NGPW when compared with NPNP (p<0.05), while PCV was lower. FBS has positive correlation with PT and APTT while it shows negative correlation with platelet. APTT had a little edge over PT with higher area under the ROC curve of 0.997 than PT among GDM.Conclusion: In this study, women with GDM have considerably longer PT and APTT than NGPW and NDNP. Therefore, there may be possibility of haemorrhagic complications in gestational diabetes.
{"title":"Evaluating some haemostatic profiles and platelet aggregation in gestational diabetes mellitus subjects","authors":"A. Atere, Y. Kosamat, O. Adeyemi, S. Zubairu, O. Akanni","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypercoagulability has been linked to an increase in risk factors, making diabetes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries like Nigeria. This research examined some haemostatic parameters in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methodology: A total of 100 subjects consisting of 40 GDM, 30 non-gestational diabetes pregnant women (NGPW) attending the ante-natal clinic of the hospital and 30 women with neither diabetes nor pregnancy (NDNP) were enrolled as controls in this study. Ten milliliters of blood was collected and dispensed into an appropriate anticoagulant bottle. Prothrombin time (PT), Activated partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), complete blood count (CBC) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) was estimated using standard techniques.Results: There was a significantly higher in the mean values of FBS, PT, APTT and WBC among GDM and NGPW when compared with NPNP (p<0.05), while PCV was lower. FBS has positive correlation with PT and APTT while it shows negative correlation with platelet. APTT had a little edge over PT with higher area under the ROC curve of 0.997 than PT among GDM.Conclusion: In this study, women with GDM have considerably longer PT and APTT than NGPW and NDNP. Therefore, there may be possibility of haemorrhagic complications in gestational diabetes.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Phyllanthus niruri is a common herb widely used in home remedies against infectious agents. This study unveils the antimicrobial and therapeutic potentials of P. niruri against Escherichia coli infection.Methods: Ethanol and water extracts of the plant were prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method against eleven clinical isolates. The in vivo study was conducted on albino rats, infected and subsequently treated.Results: The observation showed Ciprofloxacin with the highest (41 mm) sensitivity against P. mirabilis; and lowest (20 mm) against S. flexneri, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus. Ketoconazole at 100 mg/mL concentration revealed antifungal sensitivity ranging from 2 to 15 mm. The extracts showed better sensitivity against the bacteria (2 to 24) mm when compared with the fungi species (2 to 12 mm). Phyllanthus niruri extract demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration of 25 to 100 mg/mL The albino rats of weight ranging from 83 to 105 g were administered with P. niruri ethanol extract but indicated no toxicity at 1500 mg dose. The packed cell volume, red cell count, total leucocyte count, and serum enzymes of the tested rats were within the normal range. The healing effect was dose-dependence and most effective from 1200 mg/kg to 1500 mg/kg body weight. P. niruri extract produced some level of antimicrobial activity both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: Extract from Phyllanthus niruri is effective in vitro and in vivo against Escherichia coli infection. It has no ill effect on the blood circulatory system, liver, and kidney. The bioactive agent present in the extract has proven health benefits, and can be administered as supplement. However, more studies on its chronic toxicity are required.
{"title":"Antimicrobial, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Phyllanthus niruri linn","authors":"B. A. Oyekanmi, I. B. Osho, J. C. Kolawole","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Phyllanthus niruri is a common herb widely used in home remedies against infectious agents. This study unveils the antimicrobial and therapeutic potentials of P. niruri against Escherichia coli infection.Methods: Ethanol and water extracts of the plant were prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method against eleven clinical isolates. The in vivo study was conducted on albino rats, infected and subsequently treated.Results: The observation showed Ciprofloxacin with the highest (41 mm) sensitivity against P. mirabilis; and lowest (20 mm) against S. flexneri, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus. Ketoconazole at 100 mg/mL concentration revealed antifungal sensitivity ranging from 2 to 15 mm. The extracts showed better sensitivity against the bacteria (2 to 24) mm when compared with the fungi species (2 to 12 mm). Phyllanthus niruri extract demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration of 25 to 100 mg/mL The albino rats of weight ranging from 83 to 105 g were administered with P. niruri ethanol extract but indicated no toxicity at 1500 mg dose. The packed cell volume, red cell count, total leucocyte count, and serum enzymes of the tested rats were within the normal range. The healing effect was dose-dependence and most effective from 1200 mg/kg to 1500 mg/kg body weight. P. niruri extract produced some level of antimicrobial activity both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: Extract from Phyllanthus niruri is effective in vitro and in vivo against Escherichia coli infection. It has no ill effect on the blood circulatory system, liver, and kidney. The bioactive agent present in the extract has proven health benefits, and can be administered as supplement. However, more studies on its chronic toxicity are required.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135381405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Preterm delivery is the leading cause of death in the neonatal period. It causes 28% of perinatal mortality. In Nigeria, it is responsible for 40-60% of perinatal morbidity. According to a U.S. research, preterm births have surged globally. In 2016, 16.8% of singleton live births in Lagos, Nigeria, were preterm.Methods: It was a retrospective review of patients with singleton preterm delivery in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo from July 2013 to June 2018. Case records of mothers/patients with preterm deliveries were retrieved. Information on the patients' age, parity, educational status, weight, body mass index, number of antenatal visits, identifiable causes of preterm delivery and others were all extracted.Result: During the research period, 2,234 babies were born, including 210 preterm singletons out of which 147 were reviewed. Singleton preterm birth prevalence was 9.4%.Of the 147 mothers, n (20.4) had premature rupture of membrane (PROM), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy occurred in n(17.0%), Urinary Tract Infection (10.8%) and malaria in pregnancy (6.1%).Conclusion: Preterm birth rates were low compared to recent rates in the country. PROM, malaria in pregnancy, UTI in pregnancy, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and previous history of spontaneous miscarriage were important causes/risk factors for preterm delivery.
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for preterm delivery in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo - A 5 year retrospective review","authors":"A. Fasanu, O. Atanda, A. Taiwo, A. Afolabi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Preterm delivery is the leading cause of death in the neonatal period. It causes 28% of perinatal mortality. In Nigeria, it is responsible for 40-60% of perinatal morbidity. According to a U.S. research, preterm births have surged globally. In 2016, 16.8% of singleton live births in Lagos, Nigeria, were preterm.Methods: It was a retrospective review of patients with singleton preterm delivery in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo from July 2013 to June 2018. Case records of mothers/patients with preterm deliveries were retrieved. Information on the patients' age, parity, educational status, weight, body mass index, number of antenatal visits, identifiable causes of preterm delivery and others were all extracted.Result: During the research period, 2,234 babies were born, including 210 preterm singletons out of which 147 were reviewed. Singleton preterm birth prevalence was 9.4%.Of the 147 mothers, n (20.4) had premature rupture of membrane (PROM), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy occurred in n(17.0%), Urinary Tract Infection (10.8%) and malaria in pregnancy (6.1%).Conclusion: Preterm birth rates were low compared to recent rates in the country. PROM, malaria in pregnancy, UTI in pregnancy, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and previous history of spontaneous miscarriage were important causes/risk factors for preterm delivery. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43483772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Onuoha, C. Okafor, B.O. Eronmosele, K. Ovia, M. C. Nwosu, C. Onwere, I. Ude, A.C. Ezeme-Nwafor, P. Ani
Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and antibiotics profile of Escherichia coli from abattoir and aquaculture.Methods: Abattoir and aquaculture effluents were randomly collected from various parts of Abakaliki in Ebonyi State. Bacterial detection was conducted using cultural and biochemical analysis. Susceptibility of the E. coli to antimicrobials was investigated using the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: The microbial load from abattoirs ranges from 0.26±0.11x107 to 4.08±0.11x107 cfu/ml and aquacultures 0.40±0.04x107 to 4.06±2.74x107 cfu/ml differ significantly (P<0.05). Out of the total 44 E. coli isolates from abattoir, drainage shows the highest E. coli isolates (40.9 %) and waste water least (22.7 %), while of the 18 E. coli isolates from aquaculture, 55.6 % were from concrete pond, while 44.4 % were from earthen pond. The E. coli isolates showed reasonable susceptibility to cefeprime (62.5 %), followed by imipenem (50. 0 %). However, all the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefixime, cefotaxime and tobramycin. E. coli MAR index range from 0.4 - 0.9.Conclusion: The high microbial load, antibiotic resistance and higher MAR index >2 is of public health concern and further demonstrates the need for adequate treatment and disposal of waste generated from abattoir and aquaculture.
{"title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from abattoir and aquaculture environment in Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria.","authors":"S. Onuoha, C. Okafor, B.O. Eronmosele, K. Ovia, M. C. Nwosu, C. Onwere, I. Ude, A.C. Ezeme-Nwafor, P. Ani","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and antibiotics profile of Escherichia coli from abattoir and aquaculture.Methods: Abattoir and aquaculture effluents were randomly collected from various parts of Abakaliki in Ebonyi State. Bacterial detection was conducted using cultural and biochemical analysis. Susceptibility of the E. coli to antimicrobials was investigated using the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: The microbial load from abattoirs ranges from 0.26±0.11x107 to 4.08±0.11x107 cfu/ml and aquacultures 0.40±0.04x107 to 4.06±2.74x107 cfu/ml differ significantly (P<0.05). Out of the total 44 E. coli isolates from abattoir, drainage shows the highest E. coli isolates (40.9 %) and waste water least (22.7 %), while of the 18 E. coli isolates from aquaculture, 55.6 % were from concrete pond, while 44.4 % were from earthen pond. The E. coli isolates showed reasonable susceptibility to cefeprime (62.5 %), followed by imipenem (50. 0 %). However, all the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefixime, cefotaxime and tobramycin. E. coli MAR index range from 0.4 - 0.9.Conclusion: The high microbial load, antibiotic resistance and higher MAR index >2 is of public health concern and further demonstrates the need for adequate treatment and disposal of waste generated from abattoir and aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49195466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Odatuwa-Omagbemi, R. Enemudo, C. Otene, E. S. Imonijevwe, F. Ajise, C. Maduka, P. Uyebi, M.D. Ekpekpe
Objective: To present our experience in the use of various types of external fixators in two government owned hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria.Methods: A retrospective review of patients managed with external fixators over a period of 8 years – January 2012 to December 2019, in two government owned hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria. Relevant information including bio-data, indications for external fixation, types of external fixator applied, length of time fixators were applied, etc were collected and analysed using IBM SPSS version 22.Results: A total of 94 patients (56 males and 38 females) were included in this study giving a male: female ratio of 1.5 : 1. The mean age of patients was 33.7+ 15.9 years. Four types / designs of external fixators were used, the mono-planar AO design were the ones most commonly used (67.7%), followed by the linear rail system (LRS) type (17.2%). The most common indication for external fixator application was open fractures in 67.7% of cases, followed by bone gaps resulting from bone loss (11.1%). External fixators were used as adjunct to other treatment modalities in 59 applications (59.6%) and as the definitive treatment method in 40 applications (40.4%). The commonest solution used for pin site care was Povidone iodine in 53 patients (56.4%). The mean length of time patients were on external fixators was 124.8 days (17.8 weeks). Pin tract infection was the commonest complication encountered (26.6%). The commonest indication for removal of external fixators was the healing of the wounds in open fractures with conversion to other forms of treatment, commonly cast application (42.6%). The initial aim of applying the external fixator was achieved in 75% of cases.Conclusion: External fixators have become indispensable tools in the armamentarium of modern day Orthopaedic and trauma care. Our health facilities have also effectively keyed into this.
目的:介绍我们在尼日利亚三角洲州两家政府所有医院使用各种类型外固定架的经验。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年12月尼日利亚三角洲州两家政府所有医院8年间使用外固定架治疗的患者。收集相关资料，包括生物资料、外固定指征、外固定架使用类型、外固定架使用时间等，使用IBM SPSS version 22进行分析。结果:共纳入94例患者，其中男性56例，女性38例，男女比例为1.5:1。患者平均年龄33.7+ 15.9岁。采用4种类型/设计的外固定架，以单平面AO设计最为常见(67.7%)，其次是线性导轨系统(LRS)型(17.2%)。使用外固定架最常见的适应症是开放性骨折，占67.7%，其次是骨质流失导致的骨间隙(11.1%)。59例(59.6%)使用外固定架作为辅助治疗方法，40例(40.4%)使用外固定架作为最终治疗方法。53例(56.4%)患者最常用的针位护理液为聚维酮碘。患者使用外固定架的平均时间为124.8天(17.8周)。针道感染是最常见的并发症(26.6%)。取出外固定架最常见的适应症是开放性骨折的伤口愈合，并转向其他形式的治疗，通常是石膏应用(42.6%)。75%的病例达到了应用外固定架的最初目的。结论:外固定架已成为现代骨科和创伤护理器械中不可缺少的工具。我们的卫生设施也有效地参与其中。
{"title":"External fixators usage in two hospitals in Delta State south-south Nigeria","authors":"D. Odatuwa-Omagbemi, R. Enemudo, C. Otene, E. S. Imonijevwe, F. Ajise, C. Maduka, P. Uyebi, M.D. Ekpekpe","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To present our experience in the use of various types of external fixators in two government owned hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria.Methods: A retrospective review of patients managed with external fixators over a period of 8 years – January 2012 to December 2019, in two government owned hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria. Relevant information including bio-data, indications for external fixation, types of external fixator applied, length of time fixators were applied, etc were collected and analysed using IBM SPSS version 22.Results: A total of 94 patients (56 males and 38 females) were included in this study giving a male: female ratio of 1.5 : 1. The mean age of patients was 33.7+ 15.9 years. Four types / designs of external fixators were used, the mono-planar AO design were the ones most commonly used (67.7%), followed by the linear rail system (LRS) type (17.2%). The most common indication for external fixator application was open fractures in 67.7% of cases, followed by bone gaps resulting from bone loss (11.1%). External fixators were used as adjunct to other treatment modalities in 59 applications (59.6%) and as the definitive treatment method in 40 applications (40.4%). The commonest solution used for pin site care was Povidone iodine in 53 patients (56.4%). The mean length of time patients were on external fixators was 124.8 days (17.8 weeks). Pin tract infection was the commonest complication encountered (26.6%). The commonest indication for removal of external fixators was the healing of the wounds in open fractures with conversion to other forms of treatment, commonly cast application (42.6%). The initial aim of applying the external fixator was achieved in 75% of cases.Conclusion: External fixators have become indispensable tools in the armamentarium of modern day Orthopaedic and trauma care. Our health facilities have also effectively keyed into this.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43942456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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