A. J. Ogunmodede, O. Adegunloye, R. Oguntayo, M. Ajokpaniovo, O. Buhari, O. A. Bolarinwa, S. Malomo, J. Oyeleke
Introduction: Mental health disorders in undergraduates are often undetected and may predispose to other academic and social complications. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of probable psychiatric morbidity among students of University of Ilorin, Nigeria and the psycho- social factors that are associated with psychiatric morbidity in them. Methods: Socio-demographic questionnaire and the 12-item General health questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered to 3,300 undergraduate students to assess psychosocial variables and psychiatric morbidity respectively. Results: About 23.5% of respondents scored >3 using the GHQ-12 questionnaire, signifying a likehood of psychiatric morbidity. Students from polygamous families were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ scores of >3 than those from monogamous (OR=1.276, P=0.026). Those who had unemployed fathers were twice more likely to have a GHQ > 3 than those with employed fathers. (OR=2.084, P=0.005).Those who lived in houses with shared toilet facilities were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ >3 (OR=1.310, P=0.028) Conclusion: This study calls for a careful consideration and modification of the various psychosocial factors associated with pschiatric morbidity in order to ensure a mentally healthy and vibrant student community.
{"title":"Psychosocial factors associated with psychiatric morbidity in higher institution students in Nigeria","authors":"A. J. Ogunmodede, O. Adegunloye, R. Oguntayo, M. Ajokpaniovo, O. Buhari, O. A. Bolarinwa, S. Malomo, J. Oyeleke","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v11i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v11i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mental health disorders in undergraduates are often undetected and may predispose to other academic and social complications. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of probable psychiatric morbidity among students of University of Ilorin, Nigeria and the psycho- social factors that are associated with psychiatric morbidity in them. \u0000Methods: Socio-demographic questionnaire and the 12-item General health questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered to 3,300 undergraduate students to assess psychosocial variables and psychiatric morbidity respectively. \u0000Results: About 23.5% of respondents scored >3 using the GHQ-12 questionnaire, signifying a likehood of psychiatric morbidity. Students from polygamous families were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ scores of >3 than those from monogamous (OR=1.276, P=0.026). Those who had unemployed fathers were twice more likely to have a GHQ > 3 than those with employed fathers. (OR=2.084, P=0.005).Those who lived in houses with shared toilet facilities were 1.3 times more likely to have GHQ >3 (OR=1.310, P=0.028) \u0000Conclusion: This study calls for a careful consideration and modification of the various psychosocial factors associated with pschiatric morbidity in order to ensure a mentally healthy and vibrant student community. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47132230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. A. Ihemanma, P. Melariri, W. Sibanda, P. Etusim
Background: Malaria infection during pregnancy causes maternal mortality with severe consequences for the foetus and infant. This research was aimed at assessing prevalence and clinical symptoms via urinalysis among pregnant women.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 300 pregnant women purposively selected from six health care centres was conducted. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26.Results: The overall malaria prevalence rate was 48% (n=143). Age group ≤25 years had the highest prevalence rate of 55.8% (n=68). Pregnant women in their first and second trimester had prevalence rate of 49% (n=101) and 49% (n=77) respectively, while the primigravidae recorded the highest prevalence rate of 56% (n=91). Logistic regression revealed that women younger than 30 years old had lower odds of being malaria negative OR 0.96(95%Cl 0.56-1.65), P=0.87. Women in their first trimester had higher odds of being malaria negative by 1.01 (95%Cl 0.41-2.46), P=0.99. Women who used LLINs had higher odds of being malaria negative OR 4521746.902, P=0.0000.Conclusion: Urinalysis revealed highest prevalence rate of 27.3% (n=82) for bilirubinuria (+) samples. Bilirubinuria in pregnancy could serve as a good indicator for malaria.
{"title":"Searching for simpler sensitive diagnostic methods for assessing malaria prevalence during pregnancy in resource constrained setting","authors":"C. A. Ihemanma, P. Melariri, W. Sibanda, P. Etusim","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria infection during pregnancy causes maternal mortality with severe consequences for the foetus and infant. This research was aimed at assessing prevalence and clinical symptoms via urinalysis among pregnant women.Method: A cross-sectional study involving 300 pregnant women purposively selected from six health care centres was conducted. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26.Results: The overall malaria prevalence rate was 48% (n=143). Age group ≤25 years had the highest prevalence rate of 55.8% (n=68). Pregnant women in their first and second trimester had prevalence rate of 49% (n=101) and 49% (n=77) respectively, while the primigravidae recorded the highest prevalence rate of 56% (n=91). Logistic regression revealed that women younger than 30 years old had lower odds of being malaria negative OR 0.96(95%Cl 0.56-1.65), P=0.87. Women in their first trimester had higher odds of being malaria negative by 1.01 (95%Cl 0.41-2.46), P=0.99. Women who used LLINs had higher odds of being malaria negative OR 4521746.902, P=0.0000.Conclusion: Urinalysis revealed highest prevalence rate of 27.3% (n=82) for bilirubinuria (+) samples. Bilirubinuria in pregnancy could serve as a good indicator for malaria.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: An understanding of the family variables that influence malaria prevention practices (MPPs) is valuable in endemic communities with implications for family health. The study aim was to determine the family variables influencing MPPs among households in Ife East Local Government Area of Osun state.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that used a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between family variables and MPPs. Binary logistic regression was used to identify family variables influencing MPPs.Results: Among 272 households, 52.6% had good MPPs. Family variables influencing good MPPs include monogamous family (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.10 – 3.71, p = 0.023), less than 5 family size (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.39 – 4.22, p = 0.002) and primary level of education (OR = 5.78, 95% CI = 2.01 – 16.61, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Among the households, use of MPPs was fair and it was significantly influenced by some family variables. These findings highlight the need to take cognizance of family variables in the design of programs for malaria intervention.
背景:了解影响疟疾预防措施(MPPs)的家庭变量对流行社区的家庭健康具有重要意义。研究的目的是确定家庭变量影响家庭家庭的mpp在奥松州的Ife东部地方政府区。方法:这是一项描述性横断面调查，使用预先测试的访谈者管理的问卷。采用卡方检验确定家庭变量与mpp之间的关系。使用二元逻辑回归来确定影响mpp的家庭变量。结果:272户家庭中，52.6%的家庭家庭的家庭计划良好。影响良好MPPs的家庭变量包括一夫一妻制家庭(OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.10 - 3.71, p = 0.023)、少于5人的家庭规模(OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.39 - 4.22, p = 0.002)和小学教育水平(OR = 5.78, 95% CI = 2.01 - 16.61, p = 0.001)。结论:家庭成员对家庭养老保险的使用较为公平，且受到部分家庭变量的显著影响。这些发现强调了在疟疾干预方案设计中考虑家庭变量的必要性。
{"title":"Family variables and its influence on malaria prevention practices among households in Ife east local government area, Osun state, Nigeria","authors":"O. O. Sonibare, O. Esimai, S. olowookere","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An understanding of the family variables that influence malaria prevention practices (MPPs) is valuable in endemic communities with implications for family health. The study aim was to determine the family variables influencing MPPs among households in Ife East Local Government Area of Osun state.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that used a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between family variables and MPPs. Binary logistic regression was used to identify family variables influencing MPPs.Results: Among 272 households, 52.6% had good MPPs. Family variables influencing good MPPs include monogamous family (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.10 – 3.71, p = 0.023), less than 5 family size (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.39 – 4.22, p = 0.002) and primary level of education (OR = 5.78, 95% CI = 2.01 – 16.61, p = 0.001).Conclusion: Among the households, use of MPPs was fair and it was significantly influenced by some family variables. These findings highlight the need to take cognizance of family variables in the design of programs for malaria intervention.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42839614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Bello, I. Bamigbayan, M. Adeyemi, J.O. Odekuoye, E. A. Ajayi
Objective: The aim was to assess disaster preparedness of tertiary institution students in Osogbo, Osun State.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study carried out among 360 tertiary institution students using a semi structured self-administered questionnaire.Results: Extreme heat, extreme cold and overcrowding are the hazards commonly exposed to by the students. While some respondents reported availability of safety equipment in their school, majority do not either have access to it or know how to operate these equipment. About two thirds (62.5%) are aware of disaster impact while only about one third (33.3%) are highly prepared for it. Bivariate analysis shows that religion (p=0.032), marital status (p=0.027) and family type (P=0.008) were significantly associated with their awareness level while only program of study (P=0.013) was significantly associated with preparedness level.Conclusion: Tertiary institution students in Osogbo are exposed to various hazards and majority are not well prepared for it.
{"title":"Disaster preparedness level in hazard laden environment: A case study of tertiary institution students in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"T. Bello, I. Bamigbayan, M. Adeyemi, J.O. Odekuoye, E. A. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim was to assess disaster preparedness of tertiary institution students in Osogbo, Osun State.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study carried out among 360 tertiary institution students using a semi structured self-administered questionnaire.Results: Extreme heat, extreme cold and overcrowding are the hazards commonly exposed to by the students. While some respondents reported availability of safety equipment in their school, majority do not either have access to it or know how to operate these equipment. About two thirds (62.5%) are aware of disaster impact while only about one third (33.3%) are highly prepared for it. Bivariate analysis shows that religion (p=0.032), marital status (p=0.027) and family type (P=0.008) were significantly associated with their awareness level while only program of study (P=0.013) was significantly associated with preparedness level.Conclusion: Tertiary institution students in Osogbo are exposed to various hazards and majority are not well prepared for it.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49466665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is the maximum flow produced during a forced expiration following a full inspiration. It is useful in the management of lung diseases especially the domiciliary assessment of disease control in patients with Asthma. PEF can be measured with either a peak flow meter or a spirometer. We aimed at comparing PEF measured using a Mini Wright peak flow meter with PEF measured using Spirolab III spirometer in order to assess its clinical applicability in resource-limited settings.Method: A method-comparison study with records of PEF values at the Niger-Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri. Hypotheses were formulated and tested after data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25 software.Results: PEF readings of a total of 100 adults were analyzed. Mean age was 48.90 ± 19.77 years. Males (51%) were slightly more than females (49%). One- sample t-test showed no statistical difference in the mean PEF values measured with the two devices (p = 0.295). There was significant correlation between the PEF values measured with the two devices (p<0.0001) with demonstration of agreement and absence of proportional bias in the PEF values measured by the two methods following linear regression analysis (p = 0.959).Conclusion: PEF values obtained from the Mini wright PEF meter and the Spirolab III spirometer are comparable. Therefore, the Mini Wright peakflow meter may be effectively used in the diagnosis and monitoring of Asthma and other lung diseases in resource-limited settings.
{"title":"Clinical applicability of peak expiratory flow measured with peak flow metre compared to spirometer in a resource-limited setting","authors":"J. Jumbo, E. Onini, O.P. Ikuabe","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is the maximum flow produced during a forced expiration following a full inspiration. It is useful in the management of lung diseases especially the domiciliary assessment of disease control in patients with Asthma. PEF can be measured with either a peak flow meter or a spirometer. We aimed at comparing PEF measured using a Mini Wright peak flow meter with PEF measured using Spirolab III spirometer in order to assess its clinical applicability in resource-limited settings.Method: A method-comparison study with records of PEF values at the Niger-Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri. Hypotheses were formulated and tested after data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 25 software.Results: PEF readings of a total of 100 adults were analyzed. Mean age was 48.90 ± 19.77 years. Males (51%) were slightly more than females (49%). One- sample t-test showed no statistical difference in the mean PEF values measured with the two devices (p = 0.295). There was significant correlation between the PEF values measured with the two devices (p<0.0001) with demonstration of agreement and absence of proportional bias in the PEF values measured by the two methods following linear regression analysis (p = 0.959).Conclusion: PEF values obtained from the Mini wright PEF meter and the Spirolab III spirometer are comparable. Therefore, the Mini Wright peakflow meter may be effectively used in the diagnosis and monitoring of Asthma and other lung diseases in resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45794297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. J. Elikwu, I. Otaigbe, T. Oluwole, O. Shonekan, V. Nwadike, B. Tayo, C. Okangba, A. Omeonu, B. Faluyi, S. Umebuani, M. Aluko, O. Idowu, M.J. Okhagbuzo, B. Alabi
Background: Infection with cytomegalo virus is usually asymptomatic however in pregnant women the risk of congenital infection and foetal abnormalities makes antenatal screening for CMV infection necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence and risk factors for CMV infection among pregnant women in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between January and May, 2017 on patients attending the antenatal clinic of Babcock University Teaching Hospital. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kits were used to determine IgM and IgG anti CMV antibody titresinvenous blood samples obtained from study participants.Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited into the study. The mean age was 30 years.All (100%) respondents were sero-positive for anti CMV IgG antibodies while 28.75% of respondents were seropositive for anti CMV IgM antibodies.Conclusion: There was a highsero-prevalence rate of CMV infection in the study. Screening of pregnant women for CMV infection is necessary due to the risk of congenital infection and fetal defects.
{"title":"Sero-prevalence and risk factors for cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women in a teaching hospital in Ogun state, Nigeria","authors":"C. J. Elikwu, I. Otaigbe, T. Oluwole, O. Shonekan, V. Nwadike, B. Tayo, C. Okangba, A. Omeonu, B. Faluyi, S. Umebuani, M. Aluko, O. Idowu, M.J. Okhagbuzo, B. Alabi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infection with cytomegalo virus is usually asymptomatic however in pregnant women the risk of congenital infection and foetal abnormalities makes antenatal screening for CMV infection necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence and risk factors for CMV infection among pregnant women in Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between January and May, 2017 on patients attending the antenatal clinic of Babcock University Teaching Hospital. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kits were used to determine IgM and IgG anti CMV antibody titresinvenous blood samples obtained from study participants.Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited into the study. The mean age was 30 years.All (100%) respondents were sero-positive for anti CMV IgG antibodies while 28.75% of respondents were seropositive for anti CMV IgM antibodies.Conclusion: There was a highsero-prevalence rate of CMV infection in the study. Screening of pregnant women for CMV infection is necessary due to the risk of congenital infection and fetal defects.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46299685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim/objectives: It was aimed to assess the prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients, evaluate the coverage of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), the continuous risk of latent tuberculosis infection, and factors associated with the presence of latent Tb in HIV+ patients. Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study of HIV+ patients attending the HIV clinic or admitted not previously treated for TB and did not have clinical and laboratory evidence of active TB and matched HIV-negative population attending our GOC. Data collected with a pre-tested investigator administered questionnaire included the age, sex, height and weight, medical and drug history, and relevant physical examination findings such as body temperature and respiratory rate. Active TB was excluded by history, sputum AFB Z-N staining, or GeneXpert test and chest radiography. Whole blood samples were collected from participants for QuantiFERON TB Gold Plus for quantification of Interferon Gamma Release assay (IGRA) in order to diagnose or exclude latent TB. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0 software at a level of significance of p < 0.05. Association between means and qualitative variables was analyzed with student-t-test and Chi-square test Results: The mean ages of the HIV+ and control groups were 42.69 ± 9.91 and 41.29 ± 9.20 years respectively with no significant statistical difference. 76(95.0%) of HIV+ patients and 74(92.5%) controls had no symptoms of TB and chronic lung disease. 18(22.5%) HIV+ patients and 2(2.5%) controls were exposed to persons with chronic cough (p=<0.001). The prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients was 22.50% and 10.0% among controls (p- value=0.001). 8(44.4%) out of 18 with latent TB had prior use of IPT compared with 24 (38.7%) out of 62 without latent TB (p-value =0.67). CD4 count was a significant factor associated with the presence of latent TB among HIV+ persons (p-0.03). Similarly, there was a significant association between viral load and positive IGRA (p<0.001). Conclusion: Latent TB infection remains significantly higher among HIV+ than HIV-negative patients which may account for the higher incidence of active disease amongst them. Isoniazid preventive therapy coverage was poor amongst HIV+ patients in this study.
{"title":"Latent Tuberculosis Infection and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy among Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive adults in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Bamidele David Ajayi, J. Ogunkoya, F. O. Ajayi","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim/objectives: It was aimed to assess the prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients, evaluate the coverage of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), the continuous risk of latent tuberculosis infection, and factors associated with the presence of latent Tb in HIV+ patients. \u0000Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study of HIV+ patients attending the HIV clinic or admitted not previously treated for TB and did not have clinical and laboratory evidence of active TB and matched HIV-negative population attending our GOC. Data collected with a pre-tested investigator administered questionnaire included the age, sex, height and weight, medical and drug history, and relevant physical examination findings such as body temperature and respiratory rate. Active TB was excluded by history, sputum AFB Z-N staining, or GeneXpert test and chest radiography. Whole blood samples were collected from participants for QuantiFERON TB Gold Plus for quantification of Interferon Gamma Release assay (IGRA) in order to diagnose or exclude latent TB. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0 software at a level of significance of p < 0.05. Association between means and qualitative variables was analyzed with student-t-test and Chi-square test \u0000Results: The mean ages of the HIV+ and control groups were 42.69 ± 9.91 and 41.29 ± 9.20 years respectively with no significant statistical difference. 76(95.0%) of HIV+ patients and 74(92.5%) controls had no symptoms of TB and chronic lung disease. 18(22.5%) HIV+ patients and 2(2.5%) controls were exposed to persons with chronic cough (p=<0.001). The prevalence of latent TB among HIV+ patients was 22.50% and 10.0% among controls (p- value=0.001). 8(44.4%) out of 18 with latent TB had prior use of IPT compared with 24 (38.7%) out of 62 without latent TB (p-value =0.67). CD4 count was a significant factor associated with the presence of latent TB among HIV+ persons (p-0.03). Similarly, there was a significant association between viral load and positive IGRA (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Latent TB infection remains significantly higher among HIV+ than HIV-negative patients which may account for the higher incidence of active disease amongst them. Isoniazid preventive therapy coverage was poor amongst HIV+ patients in this study. ","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43473019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Abdulkadir, M. Adeyemi, B. I. Owolabi, A. Issa, H. Suberu, D. Oladele
Background: Poor oral hygiene and gingival disease are factors that increase risk of infective endocarditis in children with structural heart disease. The objectives were to evaluate the oral hygiene status of children with structural heart disease and the prevalence of dental caries/ gingival disease among them. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Subjects were children aged6 months to 14 years with structural heart disease. Relevant sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The Decayed, Missing Filled –Teeth (DMF-T) index and Simplified Oral Hygiene index-S (OHI-S) were used to evaluate for dental caries and oral hygiene respectively. Results: Forty-eight subjects were recruited. Median (IQR) age was 1.88 (0.50 – 6.75) years. Commonest structural heart diseases were ventricular septal defects (19 subjects; 39.6%), rheumatic heart disease (6; 12.5%), and Tetralogy of Fallot (5; 10.4%). Prevalence of dental caries amongst subjects was 11.4% (four of the 35). Six (12.5%) had gingival disease and one (2.9%) had poor oral hygiene. Thirty-two (91.4%) subjects had their mouth cleaned daily, while only four (12.5%) of these had it cleaned at least twice a day. Conclusion: Dental caries and poor oral hygiene are common amongst children with structural heart disease.
{"title":"Oral hygiene and gingival disease among children with structural heart disease at a tertiary hospital in North-Central Nigeria","authors":"M. Abdulkadir, M. Adeyemi, B. I. Owolabi, A. Issa, H. Suberu, D. Oladele","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Poor oral hygiene and gingival disease are factors that increase risk of infective endocarditis in children with structural heart disease. The objectives were to evaluate the oral hygiene status of children with structural heart disease and the prevalence of dental caries/ gingival disease among them. \u0000Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Subjects were children aged6 months to 14 years with structural heart disease. Relevant sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The Decayed, Missing Filled –Teeth (DMF-T) index and Simplified Oral Hygiene index-S (OHI-S) were used to evaluate for dental caries and oral hygiene respectively. \u0000Results: Forty-eight subjects were recruited. Median (IQR) age was 1.88 (0.50 – 6.75) years. Commonest structural heart diseases were ventricular septal defects (19 subjects; 39.6%), rheumatic heart disease (6; 12.5%), and Tetralogy of Fallot (5; 10.4%). Prevalence of dental caries amongst subjects was 11.4% (four of the 35). Six (12.5%) had gingival disease and one (2.9%) had poor oral hygiene. Thirty-two (91.4%) subjects had their mouth cleaned daily, while only four (12.5%) of these had it cleaned at least twice a day. \u0000Conclusion: Dental caries and poor oral hygiene are common amongst children with structural heart disease.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T.A. Bamikefa, O. Olayemi, D. Oyedepo, A. Yusuf, M. Hassan, C. O. Alebiosu
Background/objectives: Central venous cannulation remains an important process in haemodialysis practises world-wide. The study is designed to determine the prevalence of central access deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and its associated risk factors in the studied population. Methods: A prospective observational study of kidney disease patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2021 and December 31st2021 was carried out. Socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted using structured pro-forma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Of the 98 patients that underwent haemodialysis, 36 (36.8%) were male and 62 (63.2%) were female. Mean age was 48.3±16.7 years. Fifteen (15.3%) had acute kidney injury while 83 (85.0%) had chronic kidney disease. All the patients had emergency dialysis totaling508 sessions. Femoral vein was the most frequently used vascular access (95%) while other vascular access accounted for the remaining (5%). Femoral DVT was seen in 8 (8.2%) patients with majority having CKD (8.4%) . Conclusion: Iliofemoral DVT was most common (P=0.537). Statistically significant association was observed between occurrence of femoral DVT and AKI (P<0.02).
背景/目的:中心静脉插管在世界范围内的血液透析实践中仍然是一个重要的过程。该研究旨在确定研究人群中中心通路深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的患病率及其相关危险因素。方法:对2021年1月至2021年12月31日期间接受血液透析的肾病患者进行前瞻性观察研究。社会人口学和临床数据采用结构化形式提取。数据分析采用SPSS version 20。结果:98例血液透析患者中，男性36例(36.8%)，女性62例(63.2%)。平均年龄48.3±16.7岁。急性肾损伤15例(15.3%)，慢性肾病83例(85.0%)。所有患者进行了共计508次的紧急透析。股静脉是最常用的血管通路(95%)，其他血管通路占剩余的5%。8例(8.2%)患者出现股动脉DVT，其中大多数患有CKD(8.4%)。结论:髂股深静脉血栓最常见(P=0.537)。股骨DVT的发生与AKI有统计学意义(P<0.02)。
{"title":"Deep venous thromboses complicating central vascular access for renal replacement therapy in a tertiary health centre of a developing country","authors":"T.A. Bamikefa, O. Olayemi, D. Oyedepo, A. Yusuf, M. Hassan, C. O. Alebiosu","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background/objectives: Central venous cannulation remains an important process in haemodialysis practises world-wide. The study is designed to determine the prevalence of central access deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and its associated risk factors in the studied population. \u0000Methods: A prospective observational study of kidney disease patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2021 and December 31st2021 was carried out. Socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted using structured pro-forma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. \u0000Results: Of the 98 patients that underwent haemodialysis, 36 (36.8%) were male and 62 (63.2%) were female. Mean age was 48.3±16.7 years. Fifteen (15.3%) had acute kidney injury while 83 (85.0%) had chronic kidney disease. All the patients had emergency dialysis totaling508 sessions. Femoral vein was the most frequently used vascular access (95%) while other vascular access accounted for the remaining (5%). Femoral DVT was seen in 8 (8.2%) patients with majority having CKD (8.4%) . \u0000Conclusion: Iliofemoral DVT was most common (P=0.537). Statistically significant association was observed between occurrence of femoral DVT and AKI (P<0.02).","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44128370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Adedire, S. Olarewaju, A. Yusuf, A. Oluwabukola
No Abstract.
没有抽象的。
{"title":"Profile of limb amputations in UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, South- Western, Nigeria","authors":"A. Adedire, S. Olarewaju, A. Yusuf, A. Oluwabukola","doi":"10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/rejhs.v10i4.4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract.","PeriodicalId":29646,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47341691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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