Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-17-22
O. Borisenko, О.S. Malysh, M. I. Bliznyukova, Ye.N. Popov
The article is devoted to the results of work for the study of the composition and quantitative content of suspended solids (SS) in the wastewater of coke plants before and after biochemical purification plants (BPP), as well as in other waters involved in the process of coke extinction. The characteristic indicators have been investigated of waters before and after BPP of five coke-chemical enterprises of Ukraine, as well as the chemical composition of suspended solids in water after BPP, etc. It is shown that SS in water after BPP is represented mainly by activated sludge, which is partially oxidized to CO2 when water is supplied to hot coke. The rest activated sludge is returned with water condensate to the settling tank of the extinction tower and, thus, is not emitted into the atmosphere in the form of SS. In addition to sludge, the particles of coke, coal and products of the equipment corrosion are present in the purified water after the BPP and in the water of the extinction tower settling tank. The possibility of the presence of concrete particles is also not excluded. To establish the nature of solid particles, their elemental composition and ash composition has been determined. In particular, it was found that the ash composition of suspended solids from water after BPP quantitatively differs from the both of ash composition of coal concentrates and the composition of concrete. For example, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide in the suspended solids of water after BTH is much lower than in concrete and in ash of coal concentrates. The detected predominance of iron (III) oxide in the composition of SS ash after BPP is explained by the presence in the selected samples of products of the equipment corrosion. Based on our research, it is proposed to make changes in the normative document "Technological standards of permissible emissions of pollutants from coke ovens", namely in chapter IV "Operating conditions of coke ovens" par. 8: to exclude such a normative value as the content of suspended solids in water after BPP, which is submitted for coke extinction. Keywords: water for coke extinction, water after biochemical purification, suspended solids (SS), content, chemical composition, elemental composition, ash composition. Corresponding author A.L. Borisenko, e-mail: zd@ukhin.org.ua
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN WATER FOR COKE EXTINCTION","authors":"O. Borisenko, О.S. Malysh, M. I. Bliznyukova, Ye.N. Popov","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-17-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-17-22","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the results of work for the study of the composition and quantitative content of suspended solids (SS) in the wastewater of coke plants before and after biochemical purification plants (BPP), as well as in other waters involved in the process of coke extinction. The characteristic indicators have been investigated of waters before and after BPP of five coke-chemical enterprises of Ukraine, as well as the chemical composition of suspended solids in water after BPP, etc. It is shown that SS in water after BPP is represented mainly by activated sludge, which is partially oxidized to CO2 when water is supplied to hot coke. The rest activated sludge is returned with water condensate to the settling tank of the extinction tower and, thus, is not emitted into the atmosphere in the form of SS. In addition to sludge, the particles of coke, coal and products of the equipment corrosion are present in the purified water after the BPP and in the water of the extinction tower settling tank. The possibility of the presence of concrete particles is also not excluded. To establish the nature of solid particles, their elemental composition and ash composition has been determined. In particular, it was found that the ash composition of suspended solids from water after BPP quantitatively differs from the both of ash composition of coal concentrates and the composition of concrete. For example, the mass fraction of silicon dioxide in the suspended solids of water after BTH is much lower than in concrete and in ash of coal concentrates. The detected predominance of iron (III) oxide in the composition of SS ash after BPP is explained by the presence in the selected samples of products of the equipment corrosion. Based on our research, it is proposed to make changes in the normative document \"Technological standards of permissible emissions of pollutants from coke ovens\", namely in chapter IV \"Operating conditions of coke ovens\" par. 8: to exclude such a normative value as the content of suspended solids in water after BPP, which is submitted for coke extinction. Keywords: water for coke extinction, water after biochemical purification, suspended solids (SS), content, chemical composition, elemental composition, ash composition. Corresponding author A.L. Borisenko, e-mail: zd@ukhin.org.ua","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130805629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-1-21-28
Pyshiev S. V., Lipko Yu. V., Shlyakhova A. O., Korchak B. A.
The actual problem of the accumulation of used car tires in the environment has been considered and rational ways of its solving have been proposed. The "traditional" (thermal) method has been considered, the essence of which lies in the following technological operations: theextraction of metal parts from the tires, the grinding of the obtaining rubber material and its heating to high temperatures without air access. The result products of the pyrolysis of used car tires are gas, liquid fraction and carbon black. To carry out the process of pyrolysis of used car tires, a basic technological scheme of the process has been proposed, which was implemented on a pilot scale. The main product is liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires, the mass yield of which is about 35 %. In order to search a further rational use of liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires, a number of their physicochemical properties and fractional composition have been analysed, and their hydrocarbon composition has been determined. Comparison of the characteristics of liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires with the requirements of regulatory documents for commercial fuels allowed to assert that these materials cannot be used as a component of boiler fuel. The main reason for this conclusion is the low flash point in the open crucible. After the removing of gasoline fractions from the liquid products of pyrolysis of used car tires (boiling temperature 200 °C), the resulting residue (boiling temperature > 200 °C) met the requirements of DSTU 4058-2001 for fuel oils of grades "40" and "100". This fact allows to use such a material as a component of boiler fuel. The possibility of using gasoline fractions as components of commercial gasoline is analyzed. The revealed high content of aromatic compounds and a relatively high content of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the composition of the fractions (fr. with a boiling interval of 140–200 °C and fr. with initial boiling point of 140 °C) are unacceptable for gasoline fractions. Establishing effective and simple methods for reducing the content of aromatic and unsaturated compounds without significant reconstruction of the installation will be the goal of further research. Key words: used car tires, pyrolysis, liquid pyrolysis products, chromatography, boiler fuel, gasoline fractions. Corresponding author S. V. Pyshiev, e-mail: gajva@polynet.lviv.ua
{"title":"THE OBTAINING AND STUDYING OF THE COMPOSITION OF CAR TIRE BASED LIQUID PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS","authors":"Pyshiev S. V., Lipko Yu. V., Shlyakhova A. O., Korchak B. A.","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-1-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-1-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"The actual problem of the accumulation of used car tires in the environment has been considered and rational ways of its solving have been proposed. The \"traditional\" (thermal) method has been considered, the essence of which lies in the following technological operations: theextraction of metal parts from the tires, the grinding of the obtaining rubber material and its heating to high temperatures without air access. The result products of the pyrolysis of used car tires are gas, liquid fraction and carbon black. To carry out the process of pyrolysis of used car tires, a basic technological scheme of the process has been proposed, which was implemented on a pilot scale. The main product is liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires, the mass yield of which is about 35 %. In order to search a further rational use of liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires, a number of their physicochemical properties and fractional composition have been analysed, and their hydrocarbon composition has been determined. Comparison of the characteristics of liquid pyrolysis products of used car tires with the requirements of regulatory documents for commercial fuels allowed to assert that these materials cannot be used as a component of boiler fuel. The main reason for this conclusion is the low flash point in the open crucible. After the removing of gasoline fractions from the liquid products of pyrolysis of used car tires (boiling temperature 200 °C), the resulting residue (boiling temperature > 200 °C) met the requirements of DSTU 4058-2001 for fuel oils of grades \"40\" and \"100\". This fact allows to use such a material as a component of boiler fuel. The possibility of using gasoline fractions as components of commercial gasoline is analyzed. The revealed high content of aromatic compounds and a relatively high content of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the composition of the fractions (fr. with a boiling interval of 140–200 °C and fr. with initial boiling point of 140 °C) are unacceptable for gasoline fractions. Establishing effective and simple methods for reducing the content of aromatic and unsaturated compounds without significant reconstruction of the installation will be the goal of further research. Key words: used car tires, pyrolysis, liquid pyrolysis products, chromatography, boiler fuel, gasoline fractions. Corresponding author S. V. Pyshiev, e-mail: gajva@polynet.lviv.ua","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129612285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-2-21-28
Trotsenko A. V., Grigorov A. B.
The article presents an overview of the chemical principle of anti-detonation additives, which are now widely used in gasolines. The most probable reactions that occur with hydrocarbons in the fuel-air mixture when it enters the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine are considered. These reactions are mainly represented by cracking with the formation of active radicals, which in turn enter into the oxidation reaction with oxygen. Formed in this way, hydroperoxides take part in chain oxidation reactions, which contributes to the effect of detonation combustion of the fuel-air mixture. In view of this reaction, it is proposed to use 1,3-diphenyltriazene, which belongs to the class of diazocompounds, as an anti-detonation additive for motor gasolines. The principle of anti-detonation effect of this substance is, first of all, the possibility of its thermal decomposition in the temperature range 130-160 °C. In this case, nitrogen, phenyl and aniline radicals will be formed. The phenyl radical, which is one of the most unstable particles, due to its increased reactivity reacts instantly with the most active fuel radicals: atomic hydrogen; methyl and hydroxyl radicals. At the same time, there is a high probability of formation of molecular hydrogen, toluene and phenol among the products of such interactions. These are stable compounds that are not able to continue and maintain the chain oxidation reactions that occur during the combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine. Thus, in the reaction zone with the direct participation of phenyl radicals there is a decrease in the concentration of radicals initiating chain oxidative reactions, which leads to chain breakage. Also, a very positive aspect of the use of 1,3-diphenyltriazene is that it can be used in compositions with alcohols or with methyl tert-butyl ether in straight-run gasoline fractions of oil, their mixtures with the fractions of the catalytic cracking and of the riforming. The using of the proposed additive in the composition of gasoline fully meets the requirements of the environmental safety standard Euro-5. Key words: gasoline, detonation resistance, additives, 1,3-diphenyltriazene, cracking, oxidation, radicals, internal combustion engine Corresponding author A. B. Grigorov, e-mail:grigorovandrey@ukr.net
{"title":"Application of 1,3-diphenyltriazene as an anti-detonation additive to motor gasoline’s.","authors":"Trotsenko A. V., Grigorov A. B.","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-2-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2022-0-2-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview of the chemical principle of anti-detonation additives, which are now widely used in gasolines. The most probable reactions that occur with hydrocarbons in the fuel-air mixture when it enters the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine are considered. These reactions are mainly represented by cracking with the formation of active radicals, which in turn enter into the oxidation reaction with oxygen. Formed in this way, hydroperoxides take part in chain oxidation reactions, which contributes to the effect of detonation combustion of the fuel-air mixture. In view of this reaction, it is proposed to use 1,3-diphenyltriazene, which belongs to the class of diazocompounds, as an anti-detonation additive for motor gasolines. The principle of anti-detonation effect of this substance is, first of all, the possibility of its thermal decomposition in the temperature range 130-160 °C. In this case, nitrogen, phenyl and aniline radicals will be formed. The phenyl radical, which is one of the most unstable particles, due to its increased reactivity reacts instantly with the most active fuel radicals: atomic hydrogen; methyl and hydroxyl radicals. At the same time, there is a high probability of formation of molecular hydrogen, toluene and phenol among the products of such interactions. These are stable compounds that are not able to continue and maintain the chain oxidation reactions that occur during the combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine. Thus, in the reaction zone with the direct participation of phenyl radicals there is a decrease in the concentration of radicals initiating chain oxidative reactions, which leads to chain breakage. Also, a very positive aspect of the use of 1,3-diphenyltriazene is that it can be used in compositions with alcohols or with methyl tert-butyl ether in straight-run gasoline fractions of oil, their mixtures with the fractions of the catalytic cracking and of the riforming. The using of the proposed additive in the composition of gasoline fully meets the requirements of the environmental safety standard Euro-5. Key words: gasoline, detonation resistance, additives, 1,3-diphenyltriazene, cracking, oxidation, radicals, internal combustion engine Corresponding author A. B. Grigorov, e-mail:grigorovandrey@ukr.net","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116239107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309X-2021-0-1-28-36
A. Martynova, A. Larina, V. A. Saraeva
The problem of cleaning coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, despite their recent decrease in the raw material base of coking, remains relevant in connection with the requirements to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. When using monoethanolamine for the purification of coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, production workers are faced with the problems of determining the exact concentration both in solutions and in coke oven gas and in environmental objects. The article provides an overview of the currently existing methods for the quantitative determination of the content of monoethanolamine in liquid and gaseous media. The results of studies of the possibility of their use in the conditions of by-product coke production are presented, directions of improvement of the known methods are determined in order to eliminate the influence of accompanying components inherent in by-product coke production (in particular, ammonia, amines, phenols, etc.), which distort the analysis results. The authors describe the methods of increasing the selectivity of analytical methods for determining the content of monoethanolamine in: – coke oven gas - based on the absorption of the test substance from coke oven gas by a solution of orthoboric acid, followed by its determination in a solution with pnitrophenyldiazonium; – the air of the working area under the conditions of by-product coke production - it was proposed to eliminate the negative effect of hydrogen sulfide and phenol using an absorber containing a sodium hydroxide solution located in front of the absorber with a hydrochloric acid solution for monoethanolamine (a revised measurement procedure with additions set out in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation in the field of metrology and established metrological characteristics, agreed by the Chief Sanitary Doctor of Ukraine). The directions of research necessary for the development of a method for determining the content of monoethanolamine in process waters of coke-chemical production are outlined. Keywords: desulfurization, monoethanolamine, content determination, selectivity, ammonia, p-nitrophenyldiazonium, coke oven gas, complex compound, color intensity, photometry, measurements. Corresponding author A.Yu. Martynova, e-mail: alla_martynova_aisim@ukr.net
{"title":"MEASUREMENT OF THE CONTENT OF MONOETHANOLAMINE DURING THE CONTROL OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF DESULFURIZATION AND IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS","authors":"A. Martynova, A. Larina, V. A. Saraeva","doi":"10.31081/1681-309X-2021-0-1-28-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309X-2021-0-1-28-36","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of cleaning coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, despite their recent decrease in the raw material base of coking, remains relevant in connection with the requirements to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. When using monoethanolamine for the purification of coke oven gas from sulfur compounds, production workers are faced with the problems of determining the exact concentration both in solutions and in coke oven gas and in environmental objects. The article provides an overview of the currently existing methods for the quantitative determination of the content of monoethanolamine in liquid and gaseous media. The results of studies of the possibility of their use in the conditions of by-product coke production are presented, directions of improvement of the known methods are determined in order to eliminate the influence of accompanying components inherent in by-product coke production (in particular, ammonia, amines, phenols, etc.), which distort the analysis results. The authors describe the methods of increasing the selectivity of analytical methods for determining the content of monoethanolamine in: – coke oven gas - based on the absorption of the test substance from coke oven gas by a solution of orthoboric acid, followed by its determination in a solution with pnitrophenyldiazonium; – the air of the working area under the conditions of by-product coke production - it was proposed to eliminate the negative effect of hydrogen sulfide and phenol using an absorber containing a sodium hydroxide solution located in front of the absorber with a hydrochloric acid solution for monoethanolamine (a revised measurement procedure with additions set out in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation in the field of metrology and established metrological characteristics, agreed by the Chief Sanitary Doctor of Ukraine). The directions of research necessary for the development of a method for determining the content of monoethanolamine in process waters of coke-chemical production are outlined. Keywords: desulfurization, monoethanolamine, content determination, selectivity, ammonia, p-nitrophenyldiazonium, coke oven gas, complex compound, color intensity, photometry, measurements. Corresponding author A.Yu. Martynova, e-mail: alla_martynova_aisim@ukr.net","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126080820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-38-44
O. Trotsenko, A. Grigorov, V. Nazarov, O. Zharova
The article considers the possibility of increasing the level of operation properties of fuels and lubricants through the use of multifunctional additives. Taking into account the cost of additives, the conditions of their use and the wide range of properties they provide to fuels and lubricants, this path can be considered the most promising in comparison with the purchase of quality crude oil and total re-equipment of existing production. It is proposed to classify polyfunctional additives for fuels and lubricants according to the properties they exhibit and the degree of these properties. Such classification allows to select of a balanced package of additives for fuels and lubricants, to increase their production (on average, the package of additives is about 10 % wt.) and to reduce the cost of the product. In order to control and optimize the circulation of fuels and lubricants and to prevent their falsification (especially in the production of branded grades of the premium class fuels and lubricants), it is proposed to use colorants, which due to their properties can be considered as multifunctional additives / components. Among all the substances on the basis of which industrial colorants of general purpose are produced now, azodyes are the most promising. This is primarily due to the wide range of properties of these substances: antioxidant, biocidal, detergentdispersant, protective, anti-wear. Based on the analysis of information about the use of colorants in fuels and lubricants, to expand the existing range of such additives is possible through the diazocompounds. These substances have a stable color, which, depending on the structure of the compound, ranges from yellow to purple-red. It is shown in the article, that diue to the properties of the class of azocompounds, some of these substances can be considered as promising multifunctional additives in the production of fuels and lubricants. Keywords: fuels and lubricants, additives, multifunctional properties, classification, colorants, azodyes. Corresponding author O.V. Trotsenko, e-mail: trocenko.alexandr@gmail.com
{"title":"POLIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES TO FUEL AND LUBRICANTS","authors":"O. Trotsenko, A. Grigorov, V. Nazarov, O. Zharova","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-38-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-38-44","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the possibility of increasing the level of operation properties of fuels and lubricants through the use of multifunctional additives. Taking into account the cost of additives, the conditions of their use and the wide range of properties they provide to fuels and lubricants, this path can be considered the most promising in comparison with the purchase of quality crude oil and total re-equipment of existing production. It is proposed to classify polyfunctional additives for fuels and lubricants according to the properties they exhibit and the degree of these properties. Such classification allows to select of a balanced package of additives for fuels and lubricants, to increase their production (on average, the package of additives is about 10 % wt.) and to reduce the cost of the product. In order to control and optimize the circulation of fuels and lubricants and to prevent their falsification (especially in the production of branded grades of the premium class fuels and lubricants), it is proposed to use colorants, which due to their properties can be considered as multifunctional additives / components. Among all the substances on the basis of which industrial colorants of general purpose are produced now, azodyes are the most promising. This is primarily due to the wide range of properties of these substances: antioxidant, biocidal, detergentdispersant, protective, anti-wear. Based on the analysis of information about the use of colorants in fuels and lubricants, to expand the existing range of such additives is possible through the diazocompounds. These substances have a stable color, which, depending on the structure of the compound, ranges from yellow to purple-red. It is shown in the article, that diue to the properties of the class of azocompounds, some of these substances can be considered as promising multifunctional additives in the production of fuels and lubricants. Keywords: fuels and lubricants, additives, multifunctional properties, classification, colorants, azodyes. Corresponding author O.V. Trotsenko, e-mail: trocenko.alexandr@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116873668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-22-37
Zhang Siaobin, V. Lebedev, D. Miroshnichenko
The article is devoted to the problem of obtaining packaging materials that combine a high level of gas and / or moisture resistance and strength with the ability to quickly decompose without harmful effects on the environment. The purpose of the research described in the article is to study the possibility of making such a material, which, during the period of use, will not only be resistant to the effects of various bacteria, but even prevent their appearance, and upon burial it will be biodegradable. The initial components, namely polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and humic acids of coal origin (as antibacterial additives) were reasonably selected. The modifying effect of humic substances obtained from three different samples of low-grade Ukrainian coal has been studied. In the course of the studies performed, it was found that humic acids of different origins and with different characteristics have a specific effect on the processes of structure formation in solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. In particular, it was shown that in polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose solutions with the addition of humic acids that do not contain particles of carbon residues of various degrees of dispersion, an increase in the formation of an ordered structure is observed. Micrographs of solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with humic acids are presented. The peculiarities of the influence of humic substances on the processes of structure formation of solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose have been investigated in order to obtain hybrid environmentally friendly biodegradable polymer films. The corresponding experimental-statistical mathematical models have been developed, they describe the dependence of the conditional viscosity and conductivity of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on the content of humic acids, the duration of preparation and one of the characteristics of the raw materials used to obtain humic acids. The corresponding equations are given. Keywords: biodegradable polymer films, coal, humic acids, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, experimental statistical mathematical models Corresponding author Zhang Siaobin, e-mail: shefuqinke1992@gmail.com
{"title":"THE USE OF HUMIC ACIDS FOR MODIFICATION OF BIODEGRADABLE FILMS MANUFACTURED ON THE BASIS OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYL CELLULOSE","authors":"Zhang Siaobin, V. Lebedev, D. Miroshnichenko","doi":"10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-22-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2021-0-6-22-37","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of obtaining packaging materials that combine a high level of gas and / or moisture resistance and strength with the ability to quickly decompose without harmful effects on the environment. The purpose of the research described in the article is to study the possibility of making such a material, which, during the period of use, will not only be resistant to the effects of various bacteria, but even prevent their appearance, and upon burial it will be biodegradable. The initial components, namely polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and humic acids of coal origin (as antibacterial additives) were reasonably selected. The modifying effect of humic substances obtained from three different samples of low-grade Ukrainian coal has been studied. In the course of the studies performed, it was found that humic acids of different origins and with different characteristics have a specific effect on the processes of structure formation in solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. In particular, it was shown that in polyvinyl alcohol and methylcellulose solutions with the addition of humic acids that do not contain particles of carbon residues of various degrees of dispersion, an increase in the formation of an ordered structure is observed. Micrographs of solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with humic acids are presented. The peculiarities of the influence of humic substances on the processes of structure formation of solutions of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose have been investigated in order to obtain hybrid environmentally friendly biodegradable polymer films. The corresponding experimental-statistical mathematical models have been developed, they describe the dependence of the conditional viscosity and conductivity of polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on the content of humic acids, the duration of preparation and one of the characteristics of the raw materials used to obtain humic acids. The corresponding equations are given. Keywords: biodegradable polymer films, coal, humic acids, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, experimental statistical mathematical models Corresponding author Zhang Siaobin, e-mail: shefuqinke1992@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":296617,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coal Chemistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114353827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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