Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010009
Niedja Santos
As a rising star on the international stage, city diplomacy has been examined by practitioners and pioneer scholars. Therefore, structured insights from practice, history, and academic works have boosted theory development. Similarly, new diplomatic history can explore new paths based on contemporary perspectives on city diplomacy. Based on a practitioner’s perspective, this essay brings academically contextualized observations together for the construction of a conceptual framework for the historical study of city diplomacy.
{"title":"Towards a Conceptual Framework for City Diplomacy: a Practitioner’s Perspective","authors":"Niedja Santos","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000As a rising star on the international stage, city diplomacy has been examined by practitioners and pioneer scholars. Therefore, structured insights from practice, history, and academic works have boosted theory development. Similarly, new diplomatic history can explore new paths based on contemporary perspectives on city diplomacy. Based on a practitioner’s perspective, this essay brings academically contextualized observations together for the construction of a conceptual framework for the historical study of city diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46779541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010013
E. Sevin
Cities are once again in the forefront of diplomatic activities. In this essay, I unpack a relatively understudied area within city diplomacy: the link between cities and countries. Although cities enjoy a heightened level of agency in the international arena, they do not exist in a vacuum. As substate actors, the actions of cities could impact their home countries. Using lessons learned from public diplomacy studies and situating soft power as a framework to describe such activities, I first present the changes in the diplomatic landscape that paved the way to resurgence of city diplomacy. Next, I propose a more inclusive definition of the activities of cities in the international arena. Last, I show the link between cities and countries.
{"title":"Bright Future for City Diplomacy and Soft Power","authors":"E. Sevin","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Cities are once again in the forefront of diplomatic activities. In this essay, I unpack a relatively understudied area within city diplomacy: the link between cities and countries. Although cities enjoy a heightened level of agency in the international arena, they do not exist in a vacuum. As substate actors, the actions of cities could impact their home countries. Using lessons learned from public diplomacy studies and situating soft power as a framework to describe such activities, I first present the changes in the diplomatic landscape that paved the way to resurgence of city diplomacy. Next, I propose a more inclusive definition of the activities of cities in the international arena. Last, I show the link between cities and countries.","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47449214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010008
Halvard Leira, B. Carvalho
City diplomacy is a fairly new topic in the study of diplomacy, and, many would argue, a fairly recent empirical phenomenon. A counterpoint to this could be to reference how the alleged origin of diplomacy in Greek antiquity was city-centered, as were the earliest forms of Renaissance diplomacy in Italy. In this essay we want to probe the connections between cities and diplomacy through problematizing what has counted as diplomacy. Our starting point is that cities have always mattered to what we could analytically refer to as diplomatic practice. Being conscious of the conceptual ambiguities, we are thus not starting from a specific definition of “city diplomacy,” but from a conviction that cities have mattered and continue to matter to the practice of diplomacy.
{"title":"The Intercity Origins of Diplomacy: Consuls, Empires, and the Sea","authors":"Halvard Leira, B. Carvalho","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000City diplomacy is a fairly new topic in the study of diplomacy, and, many would argue, a fairly recent empirical phenomenon. A counterpoint to this could be to reference how the alleged origin of diplomacy in Greek antiquity was city-centered, as were the earliest forms of Renaissance diplomacy in Italy. In this essay we want to probe the connections between cities and diplomacy through problematizing what has counted as diplomacy. Our starting point is that cities have always mattered to what we could analytically refer to as diplomatic practice. Being conscious of the conceptual ambiguities, we are thus not starting from a specific definition of “city diplomacy,” but from a conviction that cities have mattered and continue to matter to the practice of diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41708487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010019
Benedetto Zaccaria
{"title":"Carla Konta, 2020. US Public Diplomacy in Socialist Yugoslavia, 1957–70","authors":"Benedetto Zaccaria","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44115593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010006
Alessandro Tripepi
Jesuit activities in Japan were always considered from a missionary perspective and the results were examined only in terms of conversions. This article aims to bring attention to a different branch of Jesuit activities in the archipelago, with a focus on their diplomatic abilities and their mediation efforts with the Kyushu daimyōs and, above all, with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In the middle of the 1580s, the Jesuits tried to establish a dialogue with local political authorities so as to obtain ample space for maneuver. At the same time, they extended the area of their diplomatic efforts by sending an embassy to the Pope with the hope to enhance their income. These two paths represent the Jesuits’ ability to interact with political authorities in both Europe and Asia, and could be considered a part of a more complex and connected strategy to permit their diffusion all over the world.
{"title":"Jesuit Diplomacy towards Japan. The Tenshō Embassy, the Dialogue with Hideyoshi, and the Emergence of a “Global Model” (1582–90)","authors":"Alessandro Tripepi","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Jesuit activities in Japan were always considered from a missionary perspective and the results were examined only in terms of conversions. This article aims to bring attention to a different branch of Jesuit activities in the archipelago, with a focus on their diplomatic abilities and their mediation efforts with the Kyushu daimyōs and, above all, with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In the middle of the 1580s, the Jesuits tried to establish a dialogue with local political authorities so as to obtain ample space for maneuver. At the same time, they extended the area of their diplomatic efforts by sending an embassy to the Pope with the hope to enhance their income. These two paths represent the Jesuits’ ability to interact with political authorities in both Europe and Asia, and could be considered a part of a more complex and connected strategy to permit their diffusion all over the world.","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44042086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-02020016
Darren M. Smith
{"title":"Jan Hennings, 2016. Russia and Courtly Europe: Ritual and the Culture of Diplomacy, 1648–1725","authors":"Darren M. Smith","doi":"10.1163/25891774-02020016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-02020016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48274144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010020
Christian Windler
{"title":"Erica Heinsen-Roach, 2019. Consuls and Captives: Dutch-North African Diplomacy in the Early Modern Mediterranean (Changing Perspectives on Early Modern Europe)","authors":"Christian Windler","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48922228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.1163/25891774-03010011
Louis Clerc
Recent developments in the study of city diplomacies have kept small and mid-sized towns mostly outside of focus. This robs the field of an opportunity to consider the international activities of most cities and networks of cities, and deprives us from a reflection on the reasons why most cities would feel a need to develop their international outreach, and on the ways they would do it. Studying the city diplomacy of small cities reminds us of the depth of practices and of the variety of realities blanketed under the notion of city diplomacy – variety both in geographical but also in chronological terms. From the point of view of these small and mid-sized towns, city diplomacy appears subtly different than from the vintage point of great cities. This essay will reflect on this through the example of Turku, a mid-sized town in the Baltic Sea region. It aims to show that, in a field concentrated on big cities, studying mid-sized cities bring the same returns as studying small states: a wider understanding of the way foreign relations work on a daily basis.
{"title":"A Different View on City Diplomacy: Mid-sized Baltic Towns and Their International Contacts","authors":"Louis Clerc","doi":"10.1163/25891774-03010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010011","url":null,"abstract":"Recent developments in the study of city diplomacies have kept small and mid-sized towns mostly outside of focus. This robs the field of an opportunity to consider the international activities of most cities and networks of cities, and deprives us from a reflection on the reasons why most cities would feel a need to develop their international outreach, and on the ways they would do it. Studying the city diplomacy of small cities reminds us of the depth of practices and of the variety of realities blanketed under the notion of city diplomacy – variety both in geographical but also in chronological terms. From the point of view of these small and mid-sized towns, city diplomacy appears subtly different than from the vintage point of great cities. This essay will reflect on this through the example of Turku, a mid-sized town in the Baltic Sea region. It aims to show that, in a field concentrated on big cities, studying mid-sized cities bring the same returns as studying small states: a wider understanding of the way foreign relations work on a daily basis.","PeriodicalId":29720,"journal":{"name":"Diplomatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43224849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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