Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.33158/asb.r146.v8.2022
L. L. Ferreira, Ângelo José Silva, I. Carvalho, Marilaine Sá Fernades, F. Lautenchleger, Murilo Vieira Loro
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of soybean cultivars through their correlations and canonical variables in a tropical environment. The study was conducted in the municipality of Mineiros, GO, Brazil. The soil was classified as Quartzarenic Neosol (Entisol). The experimental design used was in randomized blocks consisting of 10 soybean cultivars (Bônus, Desafio, Flecha, Foco, ICS7019, M5917, M7110, Power, ST721 and ST797) in four replications. Before planting, pre-planting desiccation was performed. The fertilizer used was 450 kg ha-1 of fertilizer 05-25-15 applied in the furrow and in a single dose next to the seeding. During the conduct of the experiment, pest control was carried out respecting good practices and integrated management. At the end of the cycle of each cultivar, 10 plants were collected at random and then the agronomic attributes were taken. The data obtained were submitted to the assumptions of the statistical model, verifying the normality and homogeneity of the residual variances, as well as the additivity of the model. Univariate and multivariate models were used. The analyzes were performed on the Rbio and R interface, in addition to the Software Genes. According to the summary of analysis of variance, it was observed that all cultivars differed for all characteristics. It was concluded that the soybean cultivars Flecha and M5917 presented the highest yields among the others in a tropical environment; the cultivars differed, showing a strong correlation between the number of grains per plant and yield, with the other variables analyzed; the univariate and multivariate tools were efficient and complementary in data analysis.
{"title":"Correlations and canonical variables applied to the distinction of soybean cultivars in a tropical environment","authors":"L. L. Ferreira, Ângelo José Silva, I. Carvalho, Marilaine Sá Fernades, F. Lautenchleger, Murilo Vieira Loro","doi":"10.33158/asb.r146.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r146.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of soybean cultivars through their correlations and canonical variables in a tropical environment. The study was conducted in the municipality of Mineiros, GO, Brazil. The soil was classified as Quartzarenic Neosol (Entisol). The experimental design used was in randomized blocks consisting of 10 soybean cultivars (Bônus, Desafio, Flecha, Foco, ICS7019, M5917, M7110, Power, ST721 and ST797) in four replications. Before planting, pre-planting desiccation was performed. The fertilizer used was 450 kg ha-1 of fertilizer 05-25-15 applied in the furrow and in a single dose next to the seeding. During the conduct of the experiment, pest control was carried out respecting good practices and integrated management. At the end of the cycle of each cultivar, 10 plants were collected at random and then the agronomic attributes were taken. The data obtained were submitted to the assumptions of the statistical model, verifying the normality and homogeneity of the residual variances, as well as the additivity of the model. Univariate and multivariate models were used. The analyzes were performed on the Rbio and R interface, in addition to the Software Genes. According to the summary of analysis of variance, it was observed that all cultivars differed for all characteristics. It was concluded that the soybean cultivars Flecha and M5917 presented the highest yields among the others in a tropical environment; the cultivars differed, showing a strong correlation between the number of grains per plant and yield, with the other variables analyzed; the univariate and multivariate tools were efficient and complementary in data analysis.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132897921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.33158/asb.r143.v8.2022
I. Carvalho, J. G. D. Silva, Murilo Vieira Loro, Marlon Vinícius da Rosa Sarturi, D. J. Hutra, E. D. Port, F. Lautenchleger
The increase in the world population, the need to increase food production, both in quantity and quality, becomes increasingly prominent. The objective of this work was to identify the canonical correlations between yield components, morphological characters, micronutrients, bioactive compounds and amino acids in corn. The experimental design used was a randomized block containing 11 treatments arranged in three replications. The treatments consisted of 11 Top Crosses hybrid genotypes, these being made through crosses directed between a narrow genetic base tester hybrid for specific combining ability with 11 S5 inbred lines. It is inferred that groups considered yield components, secondary traits, bioactive compounds, micronutrients and amino acids are dependent. Promising characters are identified for the corn breeding for high yields, nutritional and energetic quality of corn grains. The indirect selection of grains with additions in essential amino acids can be directed to plants with superiority in height, mass and width of grains, phenols, flavonoids, soluble solids and zinc content.
{"title":"Canonical interrelationships in morphological characters, yield and nutritional components of corn","authors":"I. Carvalho, J. G. D. Silva, Murilo Vieira Loro, Marlon Vinícius da Rosa Sarturi, D. J. Hutra, E. D. Port, F. Lautenchleger","doi":"10.33158/asb.r143.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r143.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the world population, the need to increase food production, both in quantity and quality, becomes increasingly prominent. The objective of this work was to identify the canonical correlations between yield components, morphological characters, micronutrients, bioactive compounds and amino acids in corn. The experimental design used was a randomized block containing 11 treatments arranged in three replications. The treatments consisted of 11 Top Crosses hybrid genotypes, these being made through crosses directed between a narrow genetic base tester hybrid for specific combining ability with 11 S5 inbred lines. It is inferred that groups considered yield components, secondary traits, bioactive compounds, micronutrients and amino acids are dependent. Promising characters are identified for the corn breeding for high yields, nutritional and energetic quality of corn grains. The indirect selection of grains with additions in essential amino acids can be directed to plants with superiority in height, mass and width of grains, phenols, flavonoids, soluble solids and zinc content.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131621123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.33158/asb.r142.v8.2022
M. Oda, T. Sediyama, C. Cruz, M. Nascimento, É. Matsuo
The soybean crop is prominent in national and international scenarios. A large part of the world production of soybean is cultivated in Brazil and this has been possible due to the performance of different technological areas, among them genetics and plant breeding. Soybean breeding has acted in the development and launch of new cultivars and for this it is required the studies of interaction genotypes x environments and those of adaptability and stability. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of the grain yield of late-cycle soybean genotypes. Five experiments were conducted in the state of Minas Gerais, each of which was considered as an environment. In each, 17 soybean genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with three repetitions, for grain yield, in kg ha-1. The data were analyzed by means of individual (each environment) and joint analysis of variance. Subsequently, analyses of adaptability and phenotypic stability were performed using the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Artificial Neural Networks (Nascimento et al., 2013) and Centroid (Rocha, Muro‑Abad, Araujo, & Cruz, 2005). The results indicated the classification of the analyzed genotypes for unfavorable, general or favorable adaptability, with high or low stability. DM-339 is indicated for favorable environments and UFV-18 (Patos de Minas), UFV91-651226, UFV99-8552093, UFV01-871375B, UFV01-66322813 and UFV99-8552099 are indicated as general adaptability, considering the three methods of adaptability and stability analysis.
{"title":"Adaptability and yield stability of soybean genotypes by mean Eberhart and Russell methods, artificial neural networks and centroid","authors":"M. Oda, T. Sediyama, C. Cruz, M. Nascimento, É. Matsuo","doi":"10.33158/asb.r142.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r142.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"The soybean crop is prominent in national and international scenarios. A large part of the world production of soybean is cultivated in Brazil and this has been possible due to the performance of different technological areas, among them genetics and plant breeding. Soybean breeding has acted in the development and launch of new cultivars and for this it is required the studies of interaction genotypes x environments and those of adaptability and stability. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of the grain yield of late-cycle soybean genotypes. Five experiments were conducted in the state of Minas Gerais, each of which was considered as an environment. In each, 17 soybean genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with three repetitions, for grain yield, in kg ha-1. The data were analyzed by means of individual (each environment) and joint analysis of variance. Subsequently, analyses of adaptability and phenotypic stability were performed using the methods of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Artificial Neural Networks (Nascimento et al., 2013) and Centroid (Rocha, Muro‑Abad, Araujo, & Cruz, 2005). The results indicated the classification of the analyzed genotypes for unfavorable, general or favorable adaptability, with high or low stability. DM-339 is indicated for favorable environments and UFV-18 (Patos de Minas), UFV91-651226, UFV99-8552093, UFV01-871375B, UFV01-66322813 and UFV99-8552099 are indicated as general adaptability, considering the three methods of adaptability and stability analysis.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123090384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-18DOI: 10.33158/asb.r137.v8.2022
Guilherme Jórdan Souza Véras, É. Matsuo, J. Dias-Pereira, S. C. Ferreira, Mirlem Gonçalves Rocha
Some plant species allow the cutting of the apical meristem in order to assist activities of genetic improvement programs, among them is the soybean. The objective was to verify if the removal of the apical meristem of soybean plants induces any alteration in the stem anatomy, since it was verified that the removal of the apical meristem reduces the need for tutoring of the plants cultivated under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted with plants of the BRSMG 752S cultivar and the treatments consisted of sections of the hypocotyl region of plants that had undergone apical meristem removal at the V2 development stage and of plants without apical meristem removal. The permanent slides were processed following the usual methodologies in plant anatomy. Descriptions and measurements of anatomical tissues were made for comparison between treatments. Plants with removal presented epidermis as a covering tissue until 20 days after the V2 development stage, while plants without removal of the apical meristem presented it until 30 days after V2. Periderm was observed only in plants with removal, and this feature was not evident in plants without removal until 30 days after V2. There was formation of secondary vascular tissues in the collections 30 days after removal (V2 stage). Thus, we conclude that the removal of the apical meristem accelerates the secondary development in hypocotyls of soybean plants grown under greenhouse conditions.
一些植物物种允许顶端分生组织的切割，以协助遗传改良计划的活动，其中包括大豆。目的是验证大豆植株顶端分生组织的去除是否会引起茎解剖结构的任何改变，因为已经证实，顶端分生组织的去除减少了在温室条件下栽培的植株对辅导的需求。以BRSMG 752S品种为试验材料，在V2发育阶段切除了根尖分生组织的植株和未切除根尖分生组织的植株的下胚轴部分进行处理。永久载玻片按照植物解剖中常用的方法进行处理。对解剖组织进行描述和测量，以进行治疗间的比较。去顶分生组织的植株在V2发育20天后才出现表皮覆盖组织，未去顶分生组织的植株在V2发育30天后才出现表皮覆盖组织。周皮只在被去除的植株中出现，而在未被去除的植株中这种特征直到V2后30天才出现。标本在切除后30 d (V2期)有次生维管组织形成。因此，我们认为，去除根尖分生组织加速了温室条件下大豆植株下胚轴的二次发育。
{"title":"Anatomy of the main stem of soybean plants submitted to the removal of the stem apical meristem","authors":"Guilherme Jórdan Souza Véras, É. Matsuo, J. Dias-Pereira, S. C. Ferreira, Mirlem Gonçalves Rocha","doi":"10.33158/asb.r137.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r137.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Some plant species allow the cutting of the apical meristem in order to assist activities of genetic improvement programs, among them is the soybean. The objective was to verify if the removal of the apical meristem of soybean plants induces any alteration in the stem anatomy, since it was verified that the removal of the apical meristem reduces the need for tutoring of the plants cultivated under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted with plants of the BRSMG 752S cultivar and the treatments consisted of sections of the hypocotyl region of plants that had undergone apical meristem removal at the V2 development stage and of plants without apical meristem removal. The permanent slides were processed following the usual methodologies in plant anatomy. Descriptions and measurements of anatomical tissues were made for comparison between treatments. Plants with removal presented epidermis as a covering tissue until 20 days after the V2 development stage, while plants without removal of the apical meristem presented it until 30 days after V2. Periderm was observed only in plants with removal, and this feature was not evident in plants without removal until 30 days after V2. There was formation of secondary vascular tissues in the collections 30 days after removal (V2 stage). Thus, we conclude that the removal of the apical meristem accelerates the secondary development in hypocotyls of soybean plants grown under greenhouse conditions.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120925163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-16DOI: 10.33158/asb.r141.v8.2022
Renata Fuganti Pagliarini, J. P. Marinho, M. D. C. Molinari, Juliana Marcolino-Gomes, André Luís Hartmann Caranhoto, S. R. Marin, M. C. Oliveira, J. Foloni, Carlos Lasaro Pereira Melo, Satoshi Kidokoro, J. Mizoi, N. Kanamori, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. Nakashima, A. Nepomuceno, L. M. Mertz-Henning
Soybean is an important commodity worldwide. Abiotic conditions can adversely disturb crop growth and final yield. The transcription factor Dehydration-Responsive Element-Binding Proteins 2 (DREB2) act as a regulator of drought-responses. This study aimed to characterize soybean plants genetically modified with GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA for molecular, physiological, and agronomic responses, at different developmental periods. Results showed that seedlings from GmDREB2A;2 FL event presented lower growth reduction under osmotic treatment during germination. The GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA events showed improved performance in experiments of water deficit imposed in the vegetative period and higher rates in physiological parameters. In the reproductive period, there was a trend of higher yield compounds in GM GmDREB2A;2 FL event when compared to other genotypes and treatments. It was suggested that GmDREB2A;2 FL event presented superior performance due to the higher expression levels of the cisgene and drought-induced genes.
{"title":"Overexpression of full-length and partial DREB2A enhances soybean drought tolerance","authors":"Renata Fuganti Pagliarini, J. P. Marinho, M. D. C. Molinari, Juliana Marcolino-Gomes, André Luís Hartmann Caranhoto, S. R. Marin, M. C. Oliveira, J. Foloni, Carlos Lasaro Pereira Melo, Satoshi Kidokoro, J. Mizoi, N. Kanamori, K. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K. Nakashima, A. Nepomuceno, L. M. Mertz-Henning","doi":"10.33158/asb.r141.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r141.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is an important commodity worldwide. Abiotic conditions can adversely disturb crop growth and final yield. The transcription factor Dehydration-Responsive Element-Binding Proteins 2 (DREB2) act as a regulator of drought-responses. This study aimed to characterize soybean plants genetically modified with GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA for molecular, physiological, and agronomic responses, at different developmental periods. Results showed that seedlings from GmDREB2A;2 FL event presented lower growth reduction under osmotic treatment during germination. The GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA events showed improved performance in experiments of water deficit imposed in the vegetative period and higher rates in physiological parameters. In the reproductive period, there was a trend of higher yield compounds in GM GmDREB2A;2 FL event when compared to other genotypes and treatments. It was suggested that GmDREB2A;2 FL event presented superior performance due to the higher expression levels of the cisgene and drought-induced genes.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121013851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-13DOI: 10.33158/asb.r138.v8.2022
Í. Dubal, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, Cristian Troyjack, V. J. Szareski, L. Jaques, R. A. V. Escalera, Lucian Alex Santos, F. Lautenchleger, Murilo Vieira Loro, F. A. Villela, T. Z. Aumonde, T. Pedó
Storage is a factor that can affect seed quality as a function of latent damages. The losses that most contribute to the reduction in germination and vigor during storage are those caused by humidity, mechanical and temperature-related, that may interfere with seed quality throughout storage. The aim of this study was evaluating the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and classified in different formats compared to storage periods. The experiment was carried out in the 2016 harvest in two cultivation environments: Entre-Ijuís, RS and Pelotas, RS. Seeds were stratified by thickness through sieves with oblong holes and stratified into small round, large round, small flat and large flat. Growing environments influence the physiological characteristics of maize seeds. The flat and large format seeds have superior physiological quality for the measured physiological characters. The small and round seeds present lower values for germination, first germination count, emergence speed index, shoot dry matter of emergence seedlings and shoot dry matter of germination seedlings. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions remain for long periods without causing decreases in physiological quality.
{"title":"Effect of production environments on storage and physiological quality of maize seed","authors":"Í. Dubal, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, Cristian Troyjack, V. J. Szareski, L. Jaques, R. A. V. Escalera, Lucian Alex Santos, F. Lautenchleger, Murilo Vieira Loro, F. A. Villela, T. Z. Aumonde, T. Pedó","doi":"10.33158/asb.r138.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r138.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Storage is a factor that can affect seed quality as a function of latent damages. The losses that most contribute to the reduction in germination and vigor during storage are those caused by humidity, mechanical and temperature-related, that may interfere with seed quality throughout storage. The aim of this study was evaluating the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and classified in different formats compared to storage periods. The experiment was carried out in the 2016 harvest in two cultivation environments: Entre-Ijuís, RS and Pelotas, RS. Seeds were stratified by thickness through sieves with oblong holes and stratified into small round, large round, small flat and large flat. Growing environments influence the physiological characteristics of maize seeds. The flat and large format seeds have superior physiological quality for the measured physiological characters. The small and round seeds present lower values for germination, first germination count, emergence speed index, shoot dry matter of emergence seedlings and shoot dry matter of germination seedlings. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions remain for long periods without causing decreases in physiological quality.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129066245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.33158/asb.r140.v8.2022
P. P. S. Paulino, M. C. Gonçalves‐Vidigal, Mariana Vaz Bisneta, P. S. Vidigal Filho, M. Nunes, L. F. Xavier, V. F. S. Martins, G. F. Lacanallo
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most critical diseases in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The characterization and localization of pathogenic fungal races are essential for understanding pathogen population dynamics and recommending strategies to develop resistant cultivars. As resistant genotypes are the most economical and ecologically safe means of controlling plant diseases, there have been efforts to characterize resistance genes in common bean. Several studies using a system of 12 differential bean cultivars have been carried out to monitor anthracnose since 1991, reporting the constant appearance of new fungal races. C. lindemuthianum shows high virulence diversity. The objective of the present study was to review the relationship between C. lindemuthianum races and the common bean pathogenic processes involved in the risk of developing anthracnose disease. As a result, 89 races occurred in Brazil, wherein 73, 65, and 81 of C. lindemuthianum are the most frequent. Furthermore, we built a map with the anthracnose resistance loci, molecular markers, and their respective physical position. The accessibility to the genomes and sequencing technologies permits molecular markers for marker-assisted selection applied to anthracnose-resistant cultivars. This study could be used as a reference for future resistance mapping studies and as a guide for selecting resistance loci in breeding programs aiming to develop common bean cultivars with durable anthracnose resistance.
{"title":"Occurrence of anthracnose pathogen races and resistance genes in common bean across 30 years in Brazil","authors":"P. P. S. Paulino, M. C. Gonçalves‐Vidigal, Mariana Vaz Bisneta, P. S. Vidigal Filho, M. Nunes, L. F. Xavier, V. F. S. Martins, G. F. Lacanallo","doi":"10.33158/asb.r140.v8.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r140.v8.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most critical diseases in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The characterization and localization of pathogenic fungal races are essential for understanding pathogen population dynamics and recommending strategies to develop resistant cultivars. As resistant genotypes are the most economical and ecologically safe means of controlling plant diseases, there have been efforts to characterize resistance genes in common bean. Several studies using a system of 12 differential bean cultivars have been carried out to monitor anthracnose since 1991, reporting the constant appearance of new fungal races. C. lindemuthianum shows high virulence diversity. The objective of the present study was to review the relationship between C. lindemuthianum races and the common bean pathogenic processes involved in the risk of developing anthracnose disease. As a result, 89 races occurred in Brazil, wherein 73, 65, and 81 of C. lindemuthianum are the most frequent. Furthermore, we built a map with the anthracnose resistance loci, molecular markers, and their respective physical position. The accessibility to the genomes and sequencing technologies permits molecular markers for marker-assisted selection applied to anthracnose-resistant cultivars. This study could be used as a reference for future resistance mapping studies and as a guide for selecting resistance loci in breeding programs aiming to develop common bean cultivars with durable anthracnose resistance.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131177333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.33158/asb.r133.v7.2021
Gustavo Lourenço Bomtempo, É. Matsuo, M. Oda
The spatial arrangement and plant population have been highlighted as fundamental tools for increasing productivity. The objective was to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of two soybean cultivars at different plant densities. Seeds of soybean cultivars (TMG 7063 IPRO and BS 2606 IPRO), recommended for the Alto Paranaíba region in the state Minas Gerais, were used and sown at seven different densities (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 plants meter-1, equivalent to 160, 200, 240, 280, 280, 320, 360 and 400 thousand plants hectare-1, where they were evaluated in the development stages R1 (plant height) and R8 (height of the insertion of the first pod, plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, productivity per plant and productivity per hectare). The experiment was set up according to a randomized block design, in the factorial scheme A x B, being factor A composed by the cultivars and factor B by plant densities with three repetitions (blocks). Increased plant population resulted in greater first pod insertion height and final plant height, fewer nodes and branches and the average yield per hectare increased linearly, with the TMG 7063 IPRO cultivar being more productive under these conditions (52.7 bags of 60 kg per hectare).
{"title":"Vegetative and productive performance of two soybean cultivars at different plant densities","authors":"Gustavo Lourenço Bomtempo, É. Matsuo, M. Oda","doi":"10.33158/asb.r133.v7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r133.v7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial arrangement and plant population have been highlighted as fundamental tools for increasing productivity. The objective was to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of two soybean cultivars at different plant densities. Seeds of soybean cultivars (TMG 7063 IPRO and BS 2606 IPRO), recommended for the Alto Paranaíba region in the state Minas Gerais, were used and sown at seven different densities (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 plants meter-1, equivalent to 160, 200, 240, 280, 280, 320, 360 and 400 thousand plants hectare-1, where they were evaluated in the development stages R1 (plant height) and R8 (height of the insertion of the first pod, plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, productivity per plant and productivity per hectare). The experiment was set up according to a randomized block design, in the factorial scheme A x B, being factor A composed by the cultivars and factor B by plant densities with three repetitions (blocks). Increased plant population resulted in greater first pod insertion height and final plant height, fewer nodes and branches and the average yield per hectare increased linearly, with the TMG 7063 IPRO cultivar being more productive under these conditions (52.7 bags of 60 kg per hectare).","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133173708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R136.V7.2021
W. Gomes, S. Pimenta, L. S. Amaral, B. Rodrigues, A. Borém
Drought is one of the main abiotic factors limiting agricultural productivity, capable of having a major impact on the yield of most crops. The knowledge of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that differentiate resistance and susceptibility to water deficit among soybean strains can be used in the generation of more tolerant cultivars. In this sense, the objective of this study was to characterize physiologically, two soybean cultivars with different patterns of tolerance to drought in the field, by determining photosynthetic rates, lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzyme activity under three levels of water potential. Upon reaching the V4 development stage, the irrigation of the plants was suspended and three data collection were performed: full irrigation (control); moderate water deficit (Ψ = -1.5 ± 0.2 MPa) and severe deficit (Ψ = -3.0 MPa ± 0.2 MPa). Variations in perspiration rate, stomatal conductance, as well as decrease in photosynthetic rate were significant between the two cultivars, where the water potentials in cultivar BR 16 anticipated on average two days achieving the same water potentials in Embrapa 48 cultivar, thus presenting better efficiency in water use. In addition, the increased activity of enzymes and lipid peroxidation were more significant in the cultivar BR 16, demonstrating that this cultivar is less tolerant to drought than Embrapa 48 cultivar, corroborating to agronomic data previously found in the field.
{"title":"Physiological alterations and enzymatic evaluation of soybean cultivars under water deficit","authors":"W. Gomes, S. Pimenta, L. S. Amaral, B. Rodrigues, A. Borém","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R136.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R136.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is one of the main abiotic factors limiting agricultural productivity, capable of having a major impact on the yield of most crops. The knowledge of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that differentiate resistance and susceptibility to water deficit among soybean strains can be used in the generation of more tolerant cultivars. In this sense, the objective of this study was to characterize physiologically, two soybean cultivars with different patterns of tolerance to drought in the field, by determining photosynthetic rates, lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzyme activity under three levels of water potential. Upon reaching the V4 development stage, the irrigation of the plants was suspended and three data collection were performed: full irrigation (control); moderate water deficit (Ψ = -1.5 ± 0.2 MPa) and severe deficit (Ψ = -3.0 MPa ± 0.2 MPa). Variations in perspiration rate, stomatal conductance, as well as decrease in photosynthetic rate were significant between the two cultivars, where the water potentials in cultivar BR 16 anticipated on average two days achieving the same water potentials in Embrapa 48 cultivar, thus presenting better efficiency in water use. In addition, the increased activity of enzymes and lipid peroxidation were more significant in the cultivar BR 16, demonstrating that this cultivar is less tolerant to drought than Embrapa 48 cultivar, corroborating to agronomic data previously found in the field.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"41 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120905972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R134.V7.2021
P. C. D. O. Ribeiro, Felipe V. Salvador, Isadora Cristina Martins Oliveira, Cícero Beserra de Menezes
The environmental stratification studies are crucial when releasing hybrids for different growing regions. An outstanding performance of a genotype in one environment does not qualify it for indication to all environments, due the occurrence of GxE interaction. Environmental stratification aim the breeders to form groups of environments that minimize GxE interaction. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of factor analysis in preliminary environmental stratification assisting at the recommendation of grain sorghum cultivars. Twenty-five hybrids were evaluated, using a randomized block design, in 12 locations during the 2015/16 season. Initially, the individual analysis of the experiments was carried out and later the joint analysis, aiming to examine the existence of G×E interaction. The means of the hybrids in the individual analyses were used to obtain the correlation matrix between pairs of environments. The factorization of this matrix was also carried out via factor analysis in order to group together the environments that most correlated with respect to the hybrids performance. Thus, differential performance between hybrids was observed through individual analyses for all the environments, with the exception of Sete Lagoas and Teresina. The joint analysis revealed the existence of a significant G×E interaction, that is, a differential behavior of the hybrids in relation to the evaluated environments. Based on the criterion of the analysis of the proportion of explained variance, it was found that six factors captured an accumulated variation of 86.29%, and the average communality observed was of 0.86. Considering the geographic and edaphoclimatic variables in the cultivation period, a pattern was not observed among the grouped places, but it is noteworthy that the grouping of places is a function of the performance of the evaluated genotypes, which can be similar even under different conditions. Given the results presented, factor analysis proved to be a tool with potential to perform environmental stratification and assist in the recommendation of grain sorghum cultivars for different regions.
{"title":"Factor analysis and environmental stratification in the assessment of grain sorghum adaptability and stability","authors":"P. C. D. O. Ribeiro, Felipe V. Salvador, Isadora Cristina Martins Oliveira, Cícero Beserra de Menezes","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R134.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R134.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental stratification studies are crucial when releasing hybrids for different growing regions. An outstanding performance of a genotype in one environment does not qualify it for indication to all environments, due the occurrence of GxE interaction. Environmental stratification aim the breeders to form groups of environments that minimize GxE interaction. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of factor analysis in preliminary environmental stratification assisting at the recommendation of grain sorghum cultivars. Twenty-five hybrids were evaluated, using a randomized block design, in 12 locations during the 2015/16 season. Initially, the individual analysis of the experiments was carried out and later the joint analysis, aiming to examine the existence of G×E interaction. The means of the hybrids in the individual analyses were used to obtain the correlation matrix between pairs of environments. The factorization of this matrix was also carried out via factor analysis in order to group together the environments that most correlated with respect to the hybrids performance. Thus, differential performance between hybrids was observed through individual analyses for all the environments, with the exception of Sete Lagoas and Teresina. The joint analysis revealed the existence of a significant G×E interaction, that is, a differential behavior of the hybrids in relation to the evaluated environments. Based on the criterion of the analysis of the proportion of explained variance, it was found that six factors captured an accumulated variation of 86.29%, and the average communality observed was of 0.86. Considering the geographic and edaphoclimatic variables in the cultivation period, a pattern was not observed among the grouped places, but it is noteworthy that the grouping of places is a function of the performance of the evaluated genotypes, which can be similar even under different conditions. Given the results presented, factor analysis proved to be a tool with potential to perform environmental stratification and assist in the recommendation of grain sorghum cultivars for different regions.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133484411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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