Pub Date : 2021-07-07DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R135.V7.2021
R. D. Águila, Edson Ferreira da Silva
Diallel analysis is a methodology used in the genetic improvement of plants. One of its main purposes is to provide subsidies for early identification of promising crosses for the development of high yielding inbred lines. Several articles have been published in diallel analysis, and many recommendations were made either for the selection of certain crosses of lines for hybrids or for the development of competitive inbred lines. However, articles about the validation of information predicted by these analyses and the results in the field are scarce or nonexistent. The objective of this article was to validate diallel analysis using model IV of Gardner and Eberhart published in 1966, a methodology recommended to identify promising crosses among developed inbred lines in red rice. We compared the recommendations of the diallel analysis crosses with the process end the result of inbreeding generations. Recommended crosses by the diallel analysis were different from those obtained after generations of self-fertilization and selection. However, two of the four selected parents were matched. Considerations were made about the accuracy of diallel analysis and the need to validate in practice methodologies that theoretically are of great value.
{"title":"Efficiency of crosses selection for yield in red rice through diallel analysis","authors":"R. D. Águila, Edson Ferreira da Silva","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R135.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R135.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"Diallel analysis is a methodology used in the genetic improvement of plants. One of its main purposes is to provide subsidies for early identification of promising crosses for the development of high yielding inbred lines. Several articles have been published in diallel analysis, and many recommendations were made either for the selection of certain crosses of lines for hybrids or for the development of competitive inbred lines. However, articles about the validation of information predicted by these analyses and the results in the field are scarce or nonexistent. The objective of this article was to validate diallel analysis using model IV of Gardner and Eberhart published in 1966, a methodology recommended to identify promising crosses among developed inbred lines in red rice. We compared the recommendations of the diallel analysis crosses with the process end the result of inbreeding generations. Recommended crosses by the diallel analysis were different from those obtained after generations of self-fertilization and selection. However, two of the four selected parents were matched. Considerations were made about the accuracy of diallel analysis and the need to validate in practice methodologies that theoretically are of great value.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"209 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122861970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-05DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R123.V7.2021
Cristian Troyjack, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, G. T. Junior, V. J. Szareski, Í. Dubal, L. Jaques, G. G. Conte
The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal of extreme economic and social importance, due to its wide use, which varies from human and animal consumption, use in chemical and brewing industries. This specie, as for many other, is widely affected by unfavorable environmental conditions, inducing a state of stress in the plants, which, depends on the specie, duration, severity, development stage, affect structure and genotype. Among the main factors causing stress in plants, the abiotic stress stands out, such as high and low temperatures, hydric restriction or excess, salt excess, mineral toxicity and nutritional shortages. The present study has the purpose of expose, as a review, the effects of unfavorable environmental factors in barley and the role of genetic breeding.
{"title":"Environmental stresses and its implications on breeding of brewing barley","authors":"Cristian Troyjack, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, G. T. Junior, V. J. Szareski, Í. Dubal, L. Jaques, G. G. Conte","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R123.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R123.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal of extreme economic and social importance, due to its wide use, which varies from human and animal consumption, use in chemical and brewing industries. This specie, as for many other, is widely affected by unfavorable environmental conditions, inducing a state of stress in the plants, which, depends on the specie, duration, severity, development stage, affect structure and genotype. Among the main factors causing stress in plants, the abiotic stress stands out, such as high and low temperatures, hydric restriction or excess, salt excess, mineral toxicity and nutritional shortages. The present study has the purpose of expose, as a review, the effects of unfavorable environmental factors in barley and the role of genetic breeding.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127129255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R122.V7.2021
R. A. V. Escalera, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, Cristian Troyjack, V. J. Szareski, L. Jaques, G. G. Conte, F. A. Villela, T. Z. Aumonde, T. Pedó
The aimed to evaluate the influence of different glyphosate formulations in nodulation, agronomic performance and RR soybean seeds yield, grown in two sowing periods. The experimental design was the casualized blocks with treats disposed in four replicates, being organized in factorial scheme, two seeding periods x five glyphosate formulations. The measured characters were number of nodules per plant, number of active nodules, number of inactive nodules, height of the first legume insertion, plant height, number of legumes per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of thousand seeds and yield of seeds per plant. The isopropylamine salt influences nodular activity, number of vegetables and seeds per plant, as well as seed yield. The sowing of soybeans at the recommended time propitiates smaller modifications face to glyphosate formulations. mulations.
{"title":"Nodulation and agronomic performance of soybean grown in different seeding periods and glyphosate formulations","authors":"R. A. V. Escalera, I. Carvalho, J. R. Pimentel, Cristian Troyjack, V. J. Szareski, L. Jaques, G. G. Conte, F. A. Villela, T. Z. Aumonde, T. Pedó","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R122.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R122.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"The aimed to evaluate the influence of different glyphosate formulations in nodulation, agronomic performance and RR soybean seeds yield, grown in two sowing periods. The experimental design was the casualized blocks with treats disposed in four replicates, being organized in factorial scheme, two seeding periods x five glyphosate formulations. The measured characters were number of nodules per plant, number of active nodules, number of inactive nodules, height of the first legume insertion, plant height, number of legumes per plant, number of seeds per plant, mass of thousand seeds and yield of seeds per plant. The isopropylamine salt influences nodular activity, number of vegetables and seeds per plant, as well as seed yield. The sowing of soybeans at the recommended time propitiates smaller modifications face to glyphosate formulations. mulations.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"T157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125658719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-27DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R124.V7.2021
I. Carvalho, M. Peter, G. H. Demari, F. Lautenchleger, F. Carlos, T. Pedó, Victor Delino Barasuol Scarton, Aline Danielle Novello Silva, D. J. Hutra, Murilo Vieira Loro
The objective to evaluate the maize yield components as a function of the top-dressing nitrogen partitioning in maize plants with conventional and transgenic technology. The experiment was carried out in the agricultural crops of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, in the municipality of Tenente Portela-RS, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme with two genetic technologies x 11 nitrogen fertilization treatments, arranged in three replications. The treatments were composed of top-dressing applications in the phenological stages V2 - two fully expanded leaves, (V2), V4 - four fully expanded leaves, (V4), V6 - six fully expanded leaves (V6) and V8 - with eight fully expanded leaves (V8) and split applications in V2+V4; V2+V6; V2+V8; V4+V6; V4+V8; V6+V8; and V2+V4+V6+V8. There was interaction between genetic technologies and levels of nitrogen fertilization in the maize crop. The highest grain yield was obtained with conventional technology because it presented plants with greater prolificacy, ear diameter and number of grains per row. Grain yield was superior with nitrogen fertilization in V4 and in nitrogen splitting in the V4 + V6, V4 + V8 and V2 + V4 + V6 + V8 stages.
{"title":"Efficiency in nitrogen management using conventional and transgenic technology in the cultivation of maize","authors":"I. Carvalho, M. Peter, G. H. Demari, F. Lautenchleger, F. Carlos, T. Pedó, Victor Delino Barasuol Scarton, Aline Danielle Novello Silva, D. J. Hutra, Murilo Vieira Loro","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R124.V7.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R124.V7.2021","url":null,"abstract":"The objective to evaluate the maize yield components as a function of the top-dressing nitrogen partitioning in maize plants with conventional and transgenic technology. The experiment was carried out in the agricultural crops of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014, in the municipality of Tenente Portela-RS, Brazil. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme with two genetic technologies x 11 nitrogen fertilization treatments, arranged in three replications. The treatments were composed of top-dressing applications in the phenological stages V2 - two fully expanded leaves, (V2), V4 - four fully expanded leaves, (V4), V6 - six fully expanded leaves (V6) and V8 - with eight fully expanded leaves (V8) and split applications in V2+V4; V2+V6; V2+V8; V4+V6; V4+V8; V6+V8; and V2+V4+V6+V8. There was interaction between genetic technologies and levels of nitrogen fertilization in the maize crop. The highest grain yield was obtained with conventional technology because it presented plants with greater prolificacy, ear diameter and number of grains per row. Grain yield was superior with nitrogen fertilization in V4 and in nitrogen splitting in the V4 + V6, V4 + V8 and V2 + V4 + V6 + V8 stages.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115163794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-19DOI: 10.33158/ASB.R114.V6.2020
A. Bester, I. Carvalho, J. G. D. Silva, D. J. Hutra, N. B. Moura, F. Lautenchleger, A. H. Ramos, C. D. Ferreira
Cassava plays a fundamental role in food, economy, culture and in Brazilian society. Because it is a rustic crop, tolerant to drought and acidic soils, with high adaptive capacity and low production cost, it has become the main source of carbohydrate in much of the world. Due to this and other factors, the presumed work aims to evaluate four cassava genotypes, transplanted in two different densities with the use of a biostimulant for root growth. The present study was carried out in the experimental area of Regional University of Northwest Rio Grande do Sul, in the county of Augusto Pestana – RS, Brazil. The treatments consisted of three cassava cultivars, FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha, BRS CS01, Iapar - 19 Pioneira with two planting densities, 10 and 20 buds per linear meter, with and without the use of plant biostimulator Sturdy®. The evaluations were carried out throughout the crop cycle, post-harvest and processing. Where the following variables were evaluated: plants emerged at 30, 60 and 90 days, plants that tuberized, starch, plant height, stem diameter, total root length, lignified part of the root, commercial root length, mean root diameter, number of leaves, branching of the stems, roots that tuberized and not tuberized, mass of tuberized roots, fresh mass of commercial tuber with peel, fresh mass of commercial tuber without peel, mass of partially dry peeled tuber. Regarding the density, the one that showed a better performance in the productive character was the density 10 buds per linear meter, which presented the highest averages of the commercial fresh mass without peel. Taking into account the cultivars, the one with the highest fresh mass production was BRS CS01 and Iapar-19 Pioneira. However, FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha presented a higher percentage of starch. The application of the biostimulant of root growth showed significant effect mainly for the characteristics of productivity. The increase in the number of branches decreases the final productivity of the crop. Another point to consider, the larger the average root diameter, the greater the percentage of starch in the root. By the method of Annicchiarico it can be pointed out that in general the percentage of starch and the dry matter of the roots had a better behavior in density 10 with biostimulant and density 20 with biostimulant.
{"title":"Positioning of cassava cultivars in space management and use of biostimulant","authors":"A. Bester, I. Carvalho, J. G. D. Silva, D. J. Hutra, N. B. Moura, F. Lautenchleger, A. H. Ramos, C. D. Ferreira","doi":"10.33158/ASB.R114.V6.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.R114.V6.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava plays a fundamental role in food, economy, culture and in Brazilian society. Because it is a rustic crop, tolerant to drought and acidic soils, with high adaptive capacity and low production cost, it has become the main source of carbohydrate in much of the world. Due to this and other factors, the presumed work aims to evaluate four cassava genotypes, transplanted in two different densities with the use of a biostimulant for root growth. The present study was carried out in the experimental area of Regional University of Northwest Rio Grande do Sul, in the county of Augusto Pestana – RS, Brazil. The treatments consisted of three cassava cultivars, FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha, BRS CS01, Iapar - 19 Pioneira with two planting densities, 10 and 20 buds per linear meter, with and without the use of plant biostimulator Sturdy®. The evaluations were carried out throughout the crop cycle, post-harvest and processing. Where the following variables were evaluated: plants emerged at 30, 60 and 90 days, plants that tuberized, starch, plant height, stem diameter, total root length, lignified part of the root, commercial root length, mean root diameter, number of leaves, branching of the stems, roots that tuberized and not tuberized, mass of tuberized roots, fresh mass of commercial tuber with peel, fresh mass of commercial tuber without peel, mass of partially dry peeled tuber. Regarding the density, the one that showed a better performance in the productive character was the density 10 buds per linear meter, which presented the highest averages of the commercial fresh mass without peel. Taking into account the cultivars, the one with the highest fresh mass production was BRS CS01 and Iapar-19 Pioneira. However, FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha presented a higher percentage of starch. The application of the biostimulant of root growth showed significant effect mainly for the characteristics of productivity. The increase in the number of branches decreases the final productivity of the crop. Another point to consider, the larger the average root diameter, the greater the percentage of starch in the root. By the method of Annicchiarico it can be pointed out that in general the percentage of starch and the dry matter of the roots had a better behavior in density 10 with biostimulant and density 20 with biostimulant.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115217550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.33158/asb.r108.v6.2020
Marcos Morais Soares, T. Sediyama, É. Matsuo
Plants use two strategies for their development under nutrient limiting conditions that are the efficiency increase of usage and acquisition. In this situation, the use of efficient genotypes for acquisition and utilization of phosphorus (P) may be a complementary solution to minimize possible problems related to this nutrient in Brazilian soils. Thus, this study aimed to verify the efficiency, response, and cultivar molecular diversity concerning the phosphorus availability variations. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using twelve soybean cultivars, such as W 711; MSoy 7211; Anta 82; TMG 1176; MSoy 7908; TMG 132; Valiosa; MSoy 8766; BRS 271; MSoy 9144; Tracajá; and Candeia. The seeds of each cultivar were sown on soil with two doses: 30 and 300 mg P per soil kg. The efficiency indexes, response to P, and molecular analyzes were evaluated. The most efficient cultivars in the use of P and responsive to the increase of P were TMG 1176, TMG 132, Valiosa, and MSoy 9144.
{"title":"Efficiency and responsiveness of using phosphorus and molecular diversity among soybean cultivars","authors":"Marcos Morais Soares, T. Sediyama, É. Matsuo","doi":"10.33158/asb.r108.v6.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.r108.v6.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Plants use two strategies for their development under nutrient limiting conditions that are the efficiency increase of usage and acquisition. In this situation, the use of efficient genotypes for acquisition and utilization of phosphorus (P) may be a complementary solution to minimize possible problems related to this nutrient in Brazilian soils. Thus, this study aimed to verify the efficiency, response, and cultivar molecular diversity concerning the phosphorus availability variations. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using twelve soybean cultivars, such as W 711; MSoy 7211; Anta 82; TMG 1176; MSoy 7908; TMG 132; Valiosa; MSoy 8766; BRS 271; MSoy 9144; Tracajá; and Candeia. The seeds of each cultivar were sown on soil with two doses: 30 and 300 mg P per soil kg. The efficiency indexes, response to P, and molecular analyzes were evaluated. The most efficient cultivars in the use of P and responsive to the increase of P were TMG 1176, TMG 132, Valiosa, and MSoy 9144.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126343990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p40
D. U. Carvalho, M. A. D. Cruz, E. A. F. Osipi, Jethro Barros Osipe, R. Colombo, C. Cossa
In the production of atemoya rootstocks (Annona cherimola Mill. x Annona squamosa L.), the seed propagation is hindered by dormancy resulting in low germination, similar to temperature that affects the percentage, speed, and uniformity of germination. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of constant and alternating temperature on the seed germination of three atemoya genotypes: ‘Gefner’, ‘Thompson’ and ‘PR-1’ at 25°C and 20-30°C (8-16h) using germination paper in absence of light, with four samples of 25 seeds per treatment. The evaluations occurred each seven days up to 35 days, which were assessed: germinated seeds, seedlings, dormant seeds and germination speed index. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement of 3x2, using four replications. The water content, fresh and dry matter of 100 seeds were analyzed in a completely randomized scheme with four replications. The alternating temperature 20-30°C provided favorable condition and higher germination percentage for atemoya seeds, achieving 0.638 for germination speed index and 37% for percentage of germination at 35 days. ‘Gefner’ and ‘Thompson’ cultivars presented higher percentage of germination than ‘PR-1’.
{"title":"Temperature on Annona cherimola Mill. x Annona squamosa L. seed germination","authors":"D. U. Carvalho, M. A. D. Cruz, E. A. F. Osipi, Jethro Barros Osipe, R. Colombo, C. Cossa","doi":"10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p40","url":null,"abstract":"In the production of atemoya rootstocks (Annona cherimola Mill. x Annona squamosa L.), the seed propagation is hindered by dormancy resulting in low germination, similar to temperature that affects the percentage, speed, and uniformity of germination. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of constant and alternating temperature on the seed germination of three atemoya genotypes: ‘Gefner’, ‘Thompson’ and ‘PR-1’ at 25°C and 20-30°C (8-16h) using germination paper in absence of light, with four samples of 25 seeds per treatment. The evaluations occurred each seven days up to 35 days, which were assessed: germinated seeds, seedlings, dormant seeds and germination speed index. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement of 3x2, using four replications. The water content, fresh and dry matter of 100 seeds were analyzed in a completely randomized scheme with four replications. The alternating temperature 20-30°C provided favorable condition and higher germination percentage for atemoya seeds, achieving 0.638 for germination speed index and 37% for percentage of germination at 35 days. ‘Gefner’ and ‘Thompson’ cultivars presented higher percentage of germination than ‘PR-1’.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124839144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p77
L. Miranda, W. Spinosa, Tainá Miranda Destro, H. Junior, V. Nascimento
Agricultural year and harvesting season may interfere with yield and post-harvest performance of table cassava cultivars, with consequences for their commercialization and net profit. The objective of this work was to quantify the effects of harvesting season and agricultural year on yield performance of table cassava cultivars and their correlations. Planting was carried out in September in two consecutive years near Londrina city, PR, in a Clay-textured Oxisols red eutrophric. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications, consisting of seven harvesting times (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 months after planting) for each agricultural year. The table cassava cultivars used were: Catarina Amarela, Catarina Branca, Mato Grosso, Pretona, IAPAR 19-Pioneira and IAC 576-70. The following agronomic characteristics were evaluated: number of roots per plant, length, diameter and yield of tuberous roots, as well as the following post-harvest characteristics: net yield and peeling time per kg of each cassava genotype. The cultivars, harvesting time and agricultural year affected the yield and post-harvest characteristics. ‘IAPAR 19-Pioneira’ presented a larger number of roots per plant (9.9) and peeling time (224.8 seconds.kg-1), but lower yield % (66.2%) and diameter of tuberous roots (4.0 cm), regardless of harvest time and year of planting. 'Catarina Amarela', 'Catarina Branca', 'IAC 576-70' and 'Pretona' provided higher yields, diameters and reduced peeling times. The root mean diameter is one of the characteristics that can be used as a selection criterion in a table cassava genetic breeding program: the larger the root mean diameter the larger are tuber root yield and percentage of weight of the tradable part of the roots, and the lower is the time of peeling.
{"title":"Influence of harvest time and agricultural year in yield components of table cassava cultivars","authors":"L. Miranda, W. Spinosa, Tainá Miranda Destro, H. Junior, V. Nascimento","doi":"10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p77","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural year and harvesting season may interfere with yield and post-harvest performance of table cassava cultivars, with consequences for their commercialization and net profit. The objective of this work was to quantify the effects of harvesting season and agricultural year on yield performance of table cassava cultivars and their correlations. Planting was carried out in September in two consecutive years near Londrina city, PR, in a Clay-textured Oxisols red eutrophric. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications, consisting of seven harvesting times (8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 months after planting) for each agricultural year. The table cassava cultivars used were: Catarina Amarela, Catarina Branca, Mato Grosso, Pretona, IAPAR 19-Pioneira and IAC 576-70. The following agronomic characteristics were evaluated: number of roots per plant, length, diameter and yield of tuberous roots, as well as the following post-harvest characteristics: net yield and peeling time per kg of each cassava genotype. The cultivars, harvesting time and agricultural year affected the yield and post-harvest characteristics. ‘IAPAR 19-Pioneira’ presented a larger number of roots per plant (9.9) and peeling time (224.8 seconds.kg-1), but lower yield % (66.2%) and diameter of tuberous roots (4.0 cm), regardless of harvest time and year of planting. 'Catarina Amarela', 'Catarina Branca', 'IAC 576-70' and 'Pretona' provided higher yields, diameters and reduced peeling times. The root mean diameter is one of the characteristics that can be used as a selection criterion in a table cassava genetic breeding program: the larger the root mean diameter the larger are tuber root yield and percentage of weight of the tradable part of the roots, and the lower is the time of peeling.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125861386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-15DOI: 10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p47
Tayná Camargos, N. Campos, G. F. Alves, S. C. Ferreira, É. Matsuo
Plant breeding, associated with other areas, as well as the registration and protection of cultivars, have brought relevant contributions to turn soybean into one of the most important crops for the Brazilian agribusiness. Potential additional soybean descriptors for cultivar protection purposes such as the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl have been reported in the literature. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the effect of soil volume, plant density per pot and crop and cultivar depth on the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings. The study conducted 4 experiments, in which the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings were evaluated at the V2 and V3 stages. Experimental units were submitted to pots with three volumes of soil (1, 2 or 3 dm3), three quantities of plants per pot (1, 2 or 3), three sowing depths (1, 2 or 3 cm) and four cultivars [TMG 4185, BRSMG 68 (Vencedora), BRS 7980, BRS 8381]. Results showed that soil volume, plant density and sowing depth had no effect on hypocotyl length evaluated at the V2 stage and that sowing depth had no effect on epicotyl length. However, soil volume, plant density, sowing depth and cultivar variations had an influence on plant height, and the soybean cultivars showed distinguishability for hypocotyl and epicotyl length at the V2 and V3 stages, being considered potential soybean descriptors.
{"title":"The effect of soil volume, plant density and sowing depth on soybean seedlings characters","authors":"Tayná Camargos, N. Campos, G. F. Alves, S. C. Ferreira, É. Matsuo","doi":"10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/asb.2019v5i2p47","url":null,"abstract":"Plant breeding, associated with other areas, as well as the registration and protection of cultivars, have brought relevant contributions to turn soybean into one of the most important crops for the Brazilian agribusiness. Potential additional soybean descriptors for cultivar protection purposes such as the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl have been reported in the literature. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the effect of soil volume, plant density per pot and crop and cultivar depth on the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings. The study conducted 4 experiments, in which the length of the hypocotyl and epicotyl and the height of soybean seedlings were evaluated at the V2 and V3 stages. Experimental units were submitted to pots with three volumes of soil (1, 2 or 3 dm3), three quantities of plants per pot (1, 2 or 3), three sowing depths (1, 2 or 3 cm) and four cultivars [TMG 4185, BRSMG 68 (Vencedora), BRS 7980, BRS 8381]. Results showed that soil volume, plant density and sowing depth had no effect on hypocotyl length evaluated at the V2 stage and that sowing depth had no effect on epicotyl length. However, soil volume, plant density, sowing depth and cultivar variations had an influence on plant height, and the soybean cultivars showed distinguishability for hypocotyl and epicotyl length at the V2 and V3 stages, being considered potential soybean descriptors.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133053430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-05DOI: 10.33158/ASB.2019V5I1P11
I. A. Santinoni, Igor M. O. Santos, E. Niekawa, M. Dealis, G. Liuti, Caroline Rosa da Silva, M. F. L. Andreata, M. Navarro, M. T. Cely, G. V. Garcia, M. Nogueira, G. Andrade
Neglected Glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops are common in agro-ecosystems mainly due to its benefits of weed management. However, the effect of GR crops on soil ecosystem and on non-target soil organisms need to be monitored. The effect of two transgenic soybeans GR on soil microorganisms, soil enzymes, microbial biomass and plant growth were evaluated. The experimental design was conducted as factorial arrangement with two GR soybean varieties, the Londrina (RR 59) and its near isogenic non-GM 59 Londrina called VAR 1; the second was Valiosa soybean (RR Conquista) and its near isogenic non-GM Conquista - Uberaba soybean called VAR 2. The plants were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia. The results showed that significant differences were observed among GM plants and their parental non-GM only for N biomass, AM colonization and cellulase activity. The presence of AM fungi had great influence on the functional groups of microorganisms while some enzymes activity decreased.
{"title":"Effect of transgenic soybean on functional groups of microorganisms in the rhizosphere in soil microcosm","authors":"I. A. Santinoni, Igor M. O. Santos, E. Niekawa, M. Dealis, G. Liuti, Caroline Rosa da Silva, M. F. L. Andreata, M. Navarro, M. T. Cely, G. V. Garcia, M. Nogueira, G. Andrade","doi":"10.33158/ASB.2019V5I1P11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.2019V5I1P11","url":null,"abstract":"Neglected Glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops are common in agro-ecosystems mainly due to its benefits of weed management. However, the effect of GR crops on soil ecosystem and on non-target soil organisms need to be monitored. The effect of two transgenic soybeans GR on soil microorganisms, soil enzymes, microbial biomass and plant growth were evaluated. The experimental design was conducted as factorial arrangement with two GR soybean varieties, the Londrina (RR 59) and its near isogenic non-GM 59 Londrina called VAR 1; the second was Valiosa soybean (RR Conquista) and its near isogenic non-GM Conquista - Uberaba soybean called VAR 2. The plants were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia. The results showed that significant differences were observed among GM plants and their parental non-GM only for N biomass, AM colonization and cellulase activity. The presence of AM fungi had great influence on the functional groups of microorganisms while some enzymes activity decreased.","PeriodicalId":297313,"journal":{"name":"Agronomy Science and Biotechnology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127504085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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