Understanding the spreading dynamics of compound droplets is crucial for emerging applications like micromixers, microreactors, and mechano-responsive artificial cells. Integrating magnetic fields expands the potential of these technologies in soft robotics and medical imaging. Despite extensive research on individual droplets, the magnetowetting processes of compound droplets on hydrophobic surfaces remain underexplored. To address this gap, we use a finite element framework to conduct numerical simulations, focusing on the spreading behavior of compound droplets on hydrophobic surfaces under magnetic fields. Our approach is validated against experimental and theoretical paradigms from existing single-droplet studies. Additionally, we verify our model for the temporal evolution of compound droplet wetting in the absence of magnetic fields against existing numerical results. This research systematically explores wetting behaviors and shell fluid disintegration by manipulating key parameters, including magnetic field intensity and inner-to-outer droplet size ratios. These findings have significant implications for enhancing magnetically controlled soft fluidic systems, particularly in digital microfluidics and drug development.
{"title":"Magnetowetting Dynamics of Compound Droplets","authors":"Debdeep Bhattacharjee, Suman Chakraborty, Arnab Atta","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00023","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the spreading dynamics of compound droplets is crucial for emerging applications like micromixers, microreactors, and mechano-responsive artificial cells. Integrating magnetic fields expands the potential of these technologies in soft robotics and medical imaging. Despite extensive research on individual droplets, the magnetowetting processes of compound droplets on hydrophobic surfaces remain underexplored. To address this gap, we use a finite element framework to conduct numerical simulations, focusing on the spreading behavior of compound droplets on hydrophobic surfaces under magnetic fields. Our approach is validated against experimental and theoretical paradigms from existing single-droplet studies. Additionally, we verify our model for the temporal evolution of compound droplet wetting in the absence of magnetic fields against existing numerical results. This research systematically explores wetting behaviors and shell fluid disintegration by manipulating key parameters, including magnetic field intensity and inner-to-outer droplet size ratios. These findings have significant implications for enhancing magnetically controlled soft fluidic systems, particularly in digital microfluidics and drug development.","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00025
Balachandran Subramanian, K. Jeeva Jothi, Mohamedazeem M. Mohideen, R. Karthikeyan, A. Santhana Krishna Kumar, Ganeshraja Ayyakannu Sundaram, K. Thirumalai, Munirah D. Albaqami, Saikh Mohammad, M. Swaminathan
Industrial wastewater pollution is a crucial global issue due to the increasing need for clean water. Traditional photocatalytic methods for eliminating harmful dyes are often ineffective and are environmentally damaging. This study introduces a new, efficient photocatalyst combining Dy2O3 with TiO2 using a single-step hydrothermal approach. Dy2O3@TiO2 nanostructures were synthesized and characterized by using XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, BET, and UV–visible spectroscopy. Dy2O3 was evenly distributed on TiO2, preventing clumping and resulting in a larger surface area with more active sites. UV irradiation (365 nm) replaced the traditional thermal energy for photocatalytic dye breakdown, leveraging the varying conductivity of the Dy2O3@TiO2 nanocomposites. Incorporating Dy2O3 decreased band gaps, enhancing redox reactions and expanding the range of degradable contaminants. For Rhodamine B dye degradation, the Dy2O3@TiO2 composite demonstrated significantly higher degradation rates than Dy2O3 or TiO2 alone at reaction parameters such as neutral pH (pH 7) and catalyst concentration (2 g L–1). The hybrid material also demonstrated improved electrocatalytic activity in oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) under alkaline conditions with an initial potential of 0.88 V and a Tafel slope of 73 mV dec–1. The enhanced catalytic activity and durability are attributed to the synergistic interaction between Dy2O3 and TiO2. This novel photocatalyst offers a sustainable alternative for treating industrial effluents while reducing the environmental impact.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Dy2O3@TiO2 Nanocomposites for Enhanced Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Applications","authors":"Balachandran Subramanian, K. Jeeva Jothi, Mohamedazeem M. Mohideen, R. Karthikeyan, A. Santhana Krishna Kumar, Ganeshraja Ayyakannu Sundaram, K. Thirumalai, Munirah D. Albaqami, Saikh Mohammad, M. Swaminathan","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00025","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial wastewater pollution is a crucial global issue due to the increasing need for clean water. Traditional photocatalytic methods for eliminating harmful dyes are often ineffective and are environmentally damaging. This study introduces a new, efficient photocatalyst combining Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with TiO<sub>2</sub> using a single-step hydrothermal approach. Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures were synthesized and characterized by using XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, BET, and UV–visible spectroscopy. Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was evenly distributed on TiO<sub>2</sub>, preventing clumping and resulting in a larger surface area with more active sites. UV irradiation (365 nm) replaced the traditional thermal energy for photocatalytic dye breakdown, leveraging the varying conductivity of the Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites. Incorporating Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> decreased band gaps, enhancing redox reactions and expanding the range of degradable contaminants. For Rhodamine B dye degradation, the Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub> composite demonstrated significantly higher degradation rates than Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> or TiO<sub>2</sub> alone at reaction parameters such as neutral pH (pH 7) and catalyst concentration (2 g L<sup>–1</sup>). The hybrid material also demonstrated improved electrocatalytic activity in oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) under alkaline conditions with an initial potential of 0.88 V and a Tafel slope of 73 mV dec<sup>–1</sup>. The enhanced catalytic activity and durability are attributed to the synergistic interaction between Dy<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub>. This novel photocatalyst offers a sustainable alternative for treating industrial effluents while reducing the environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vitor Gama, Beatriz Dantas, Oishi Sanyal* and Fernando V. Lima*,
{"title":"","authors":"Vitor Gama, Beatriz Dantas, Oishi Sanyal* and Fernando V. Lima*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"4 4","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsengineeringau.3c00069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144385423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"Patrick J. McCauley, and , Alexandra V. Bayles*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"4 4","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144385441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joonsoo Han*, Joachim D. Bjerregaard, Henrik Grönbeck, Derek Creaser and Louise Olsson*,
{"title":"","authors":"Joonsoo Han*, Joachim D. Bjerregaard, Henrik Grönbeck, Derek Creaser and Louise Olsson*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"4 4","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144385429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00009
Jonathan P. P. Noble, Simon J. Bending, Alfred K. Hill
Radiofrequency (RF) induction heating has generated much interest for the abatement of carbon emissions from the chemicals sector as a direct electrification technology. Three challenges have held back its deployment at scale: reactors must be built from nonconductive materials which eliminates steel as a design choice; the viability of scale-up is uncertain; and to date the reported energy efficiency has been too low. This paper presents a model that for the first time makes a comprehensive analysis of energy losses that arise from RF induction heating. The maximum energy efficiency for radio frequency induction heating was previously reported to be 23% with a typical frequency range of 200–400 kHz. The results from the model show that an energy efficiency of 65–82% is achieved at a much lower frequency of 10 kHz and a reactor diameter of 0.2 m. Energy efficiency above 90% with reactor diameters above 1 m in diameter are predicted if higher voltage radio frequency sources can be developed. A new location of the work coil inside of the reactor wall is shown to be highly effective. Losses arising from heating a steel reactor wall in this configuration are shown to be insignificant, even when the wall is immediately adjacent to the work coil. This analysis demonstrates that RF induction heating can be a highly efficient and effective industrial technology for coupling high energy demand chemicals manufacture electricity from zero carbon renewables.
射频感应加热作为一种直接电气化技术，在减少化工行业碳排放方面引起了广泛关注。但有三项挑战阻碍了该技术的大规模应用：反应器必须由不导电材料制成，这就排除了钢材作为设计选择的可能性；扩大规模的可行性尚不确定；迄今为止，所报告的能源效率太低。本文提出了一个模型，首次对射频感应加热产生的能量损失进行了全面分析。据报道，射频感应加热的最大能效为 23%，典型频率范围为 200-400 kHz。该模型的结果表明，在频率更低的 10 kHz 和反应器直径为 0.2 m 的情况下，能量效率可达 65%-82%。如果能开发出电压更高的射频源，预计反应器直径超过 1 m 的能量效率将超过 90%。工作线圈在反应器壁内的新位置被证明非常有效。在这种配置下加热钢制反应器壁产生的损耗微乎其微，即使反应器壁紧邻工作线圈也是如此。这项分析表明，射频感应加热是一种高效的工业技术，可以将高能耗化学品与零碳可再生能源发电结合起来。
{"title":"Radiofrequency Induction Heating for Green Chemicals Manufacture: A Systematic Model of Energy Losses and a Scale-Up Case-Study","authors":"Jonathan P. P. Noble, Simon J. Bending, Alfred K. Hill","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00009","url":null,"abstract":"Radiofrequency (RF) induction heating has generated much interest for the abatement of carbon emissions from the chemicals sector as a direct electrification technology. Three challenges have held back its deployment at scale: reactors must be built from nonconductive materials which eliminates steel as a design choice; the viability of scale-up is uncertain; and to date the reported energy efficiency has been too low. This paper presents a model that for the first time makes a comprehensive analysis of energy losses that arise from RF induction heating. The maximum energy efficiency for radio frequency induction heating was previously reported to be 23% with a typical frequency range of 200–400 kHz. The results from the model show that an energy efficiency of 65–82% is achieved at a much lower frequency of 10 kHz and a reactor diameter of 0.2 m. Energy efficiency above 90% with reactor diameters above 1 m in diameter are predicted if higher voltage radio frequency sources can be developed. A new location of the work coil inside of the reactor wall is shown to be highly effective. Losses arising from heating a steel reactor wall in this configuration are shown to be insignificant, even when the wall is immediately adjacent to the work coil. This analysis demonstrates that RF induction heating can be a highly efficient and effective industrial technology for coupling high energy demand chemicals manufacture electricity from zero carbon renewables.","PeriodicalId":29804,"journal":{"name":"ACS Engineering Au","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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