Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08020002
Chengpang Lee, Ling Han
Buddhism is often said to be an environment-friendly religion, but this thesis is rarely investigated. In this paper, we employ a mixed-method approach to examine this thesis in the case of Taiwan. We use data from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (tscs) and apply qualitative content analysis to examine practices among major Taiwanese Buddhist organizations. The findings suggest: (1) Buddhists in Taiwan engage significantly more in environment-friendly behavior than other religious members, and (2) members of different Buddhist organizations display similar levels of engagement in environment-related behavior. However, (3) Buddhist organizations engage very differently in environment-related activities. (4) Buddhist organizations engage more in nonpolitical environmental activities than they do in politically sensitive ones, and (5) among the four major Buddhist organizations, female-led Buddhist organizations show a higher level of environment-related practices than male-led organizations.
{"title":"Taiwanese Buddhism and Environmentalism","authors":"Chengpang Lee, Ling Han","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08020002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08020002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Buddhism is often said to be an environment-friendly religion, but this thesis is rarely investigated. In this paper, we employ a mixed-method approach to examine this thesis in the case of Taiwan. We use data from the Taiwan Social Change Survey (tscs) and apply qualitative content analysis to examine practices among major Taiwanese Buddhist organizations. The findings suggest: (1) Buddhists in Taiwan engage significantly more in environment-friendly behavior than other religious members, and (2) members of different Buddhist organizations display similar levels of engagement in environment-related behavior. However, (3) Buddhist organizations engage very differently in environment-related activities. (4) Buddhist organizations engage more in nonpolitical environmental activities than they do in politically sensitive ones, and (5) among the four major Buddhist organizations, female-led Buddhist organizations show a higher level of environment-related practices than male-led organizations.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08020001
Calida Chu
Multiple religious belonging refers to the idea that individuals can belong to more than one religious tradition. This article aims to explore the concept of multiple religious belonging in modern China, focusing on its pattern as well as the social functionality that gives rise to such a pattern. The methodology is developed using structural functionalism as formulated by, in particular, Emile Durkheim, who investigated how different institutions, practices, and customs come to exist because of their contribution to the reproduction and integration of society. This article studies the social functions of multiple religious belonging in three social units, from small to large: family, community, and the state. It explains how multiple religious belonging functions in modern China and thus consolidates each member’s identity within the social units.
{"title":"The Social Functionality of Multiple Religious Belonging in Modern China","authors":"Calida Chu","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08020001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08020001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Multiple religious belonging refers to the idea that individuals can belong to more than one religious tradition. This article aims to explore the concept of multiple religious belonging in modern China, focusing on its pattern as well as the social functionality that gives rise to such a pattern. The methodology is developed using structural functionalism as formulated by, in particular, Emile Durkheim, who investigated how different institutions, practices, and customs come to exist because of their contribution to the reproduction and integration of society. This article studies the social functions of multiple religious belonging in three social units, from small to large: family, community, and the state. It explains how multiple religious belonging functions in modern China and thus consolidates each member’s identity within the social units.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47586841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010004
Mayfair M Yang
{"title":"Xiaoxuan Wang, Maoism and Grassroots Religion: The Communist Revolution and the Reinvention of Religious Life in China","authors":"Mayfair M Yang","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46855868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010006
Andrew T. Kaiser
{"title":"Aminta Arrington, Songs of the Lisu Hills: Practicing Christianity in Southwestern China","authors":"Andrew T. Kaiser","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44680954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010002
Fenggang Yang
In this combined interview, Rodney Stark and Roger Finke share their thoughts on the development of the religious market theory, religious change in the United States, and Christian growth in China. The interview with Rodney Stark was conducted by telephone in late December 2020 and the interview with Roger Finke by email in early January 2021.
{"title":"The Religious Market Theory and Religious Change in the United States and China","authors":"Fenggang Yang","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this combined interview, Rodney Stark and Roger Finke share their thoughts on the development of the religious market theory, religious change in the United States, and Christian growth in China. The interview with Rodney Stark was conducted by telephone in late December 2020 and the interview with Roger Finke by email in early January 2021.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45187681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010005
J. Lee
{"title":"Daryl Ireland, John Song: Modern Chinese Christianity and the Making of a New Man","authors":"J. Lee","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41376105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010003
M. Bingenheimer
With Building the Buddhist Revival, Gregory Adam Scott has significantly contributed to a growing number of studies of Chinese Buddhist institutions and to better under standing the material lives of Buddhist monks and nuns and their financial and political connections. Building on the works of Holmes Welch and Johannes PripMøller, among others, Scott’s book is a history of Buddhist monasteries that were reconstructed in China between 1866 and 1966.1 Scott begins his compelling study by recognizing that Buddhist monasteries in China are complex and hierarchical social spaces imbued with sacred power, but also in many cases deeply involved with statecraft. Consequently, further understanding their relational complexities will deepen our knowledge of Chinese Buddhist history well beyond just the history of ideas. Scott writes convincingly that Chinese Buddhist monasteries are “eco nomically and socially distinct entities that support resident religious specialists and attract visitors drawn by their reputation for discipline, teaching, and numinous efficacy” (p. 4). These are all attributes I tried to decipher economically in an earlier study I did of Chinese Buddhist monasteries during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, particularly Tiantong Monastery 天童寺 in Zhejiang province.2 This is one of a handful of monasteries in that region that survived the Taiping War (1850–1864), a period of widespread destruction of temples, and a period during which, as Scott explores, many reconstructions took place. In this earlier study of mine, I explored the economic ramifications (in terms of both economic and cultural capital) of large Buddhist monasteries in China. I wanted to better understand how monastic institutions supported themselves economically while simul taneously doing the salvific work required of what Scott rightly calls a “merit economy” (p. 16). Scott makes the case that the production and transference of merit by Buddhist institutions had social, political, and economic implications across the imperial spectrum. By the Ming 明 (1368–1644), Buddhist monasteries were in many instances bases of political and economic power and integral to the stability of the imperium. In my study of Tiantong Monastery, in exploring how Buddhist monasteries could support themselves economically, socially, and politically, one of my guiding lines of inquiry was to ask what type of monastic space was produced in order to achieve both income and salvific outcomes. While different from Scott’s inquiry, there is some reso nance with his focus on institutional reconstructions. It was when these institutions were destroyed for any number of reasons that Scott finds his guiding question. He writes, “I would like to better understand how and why people repeatedly generated the motivation and resources to reconstruct them after they had been destroyed, and how the means by which reconstructions were undertaken and the implications they had for Buddhism in China chan
{"title":"Gregory Adam Scott, Building the Buddhist Revival: Reconstructing Monasteries in Modern China","authors":"M. Bingenheimer","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010003","url":null,"abstract":"With Building the Buddhist Revival, Gregory Adam Scott has significantly contributed to a growing number of studies of Chinese Buddhist institutions and to better under standing the material lives of Buddhist monks and nuns and their financial and political connections. Building on the works of Holmes Welch and Johannes PripMøller, among others, Scott’s book is a history of Buddhist monasteries that were reconstructed in China between 1866 and 1966.1 Scott begins his compelling study by recognizing that Buddhist monasteries in China are complex and hierarchical social spaces imbued with sacred power, but also in many cases deeply involved with statecraft. Consequently, further understanding their relational complexities will deepen our knowledge of Chinese Buddhist history well beyond just the history of ideas. Scott writes convincingly that Chinese Buddhist monasteries are “eco nomically and socially distinct entities that support resident religious specialists and attract visitors drawn by their reputation for discipline, teaching, and numinous efficacy” (p. 4). These are all attributes I tried to decipher economically in an earlier study I did of Chinese Buddhist monasteries during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, particularly Tiantong Monastery 天童寺 in Zhejiang province.2 This is one of a handful of monasteries in that region that survived the Taiping War (1850–1864), a period of widespread destruction of temples, and a period during which, as Scott explores, many reconstructions took place. In this earlier study of mine, I explored the economic ramifications (in terms of both economic and cultural capital) of large Buddhist monasteries in China. I wanted to better understand how monastic institutions supported themselves economically while simul taneously doing the salvific work required of what Scott rightly calls a “merit economy” (p. 16). Scott makes the case that the production and transference of merit by Buddhist institutions had social, political, and economic implications across the imperial spectrum. By the Ming 明 (1368–1644), Buddhist monasteries were in many instances bases of political and economic power and integral to the stability of the imperium. In my study of Tiantong Monastery, in exploring how Buddhist monasteries could support themselves economically, socially, and politically, one of my guiding lines of inquiry was to ask what type of monastic space was produced in order to achieve both income and salvific outcomes. While different from Scott’s inquiry, there is some reso nance with his focus on institutional reconstructions. It was when these institutions were destroyed for any number of reasons that Scott finds his guiding question. He writes, “I would like to better understand how and why people repeatedly generated the motivation and resources to reconstruct them after they had been destroyed, and how the means by which reconstructions were undertaken and the implications they had for Buddhism in China chan","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45010477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010007
Dean Wang
{"title":"Fabian Graham, Voices from the Underworld: Chinese Hell Deity Worship in Contemporary Singapore and Malaysia","authors":"Dean Wang","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43917244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-16DOI: 10.1163/22143955-08010008
Leei Wong
{"title":"Joshua Esler, Tibetan Buddhism among Han Chinese: Mediation and Superscription of the Tibetan Tradition in Contemporary China","authors":"Leei Wong","doi":"10.1163/22143955-08010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-08010008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42060347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.1163/22143955-20200004
F. Ying
The relationship between religion and social movements is an important topic in the study of religion and society. This paper uses various textual and online sources to examine the role of Christianity in the anti-extradition bill movement that took place in Hong Kong from April to September 2019. The anti-extradition bill movement, which later evolved into a much wider movement against totalitarianism, has caused churches to grapple with church-state relations in the post-handover era. This paper employs the notion of “public religion” as an analytical framework to examine the process of the “deprivatization” of Christianity in Hong Kong. How does the ongoing contestation, both within and outside the church, reflect the challenges faced by Christianity when entering the public sphere? By answering the above questions, we will be able to explicate the religio-political significance of the protest movement in Hong Kong.
{"title":"The Entanglement between Religion and Politics","authors":"F. Ying","doi":"10.1163/22143955-20200004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22143955-20200004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The relationship between religion and social movements is an important topic in the study of religion and society. This paper uses various textual and online sources to examine the role of Christianity in the anti-extradition bill movement that took place in Hong Kong from April to September 2019. The anti-extradition bill movement, which later evolved into a much wider movement against totalitarianism, has caused churches to grapple with church-state relations in the post-handover era. This paper employs the notion of “public religion” as an analytical framework to examine the process of the “deprivatization” of Christianity in Hong Kong. How does the ongoing contestation, both within and outside the church, reflect the challenges faced by Christianity when entering the public sphere? By answering the above questions, we will be able to explicate the religio-political significance of the protest movement in Hong Kong.","PeriodicalId":29882,"journal":{"name":"Review of Religion and Chinese Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44784507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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