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Market affect and the rhetoric of the political economic debates 市场影响和政治经济辩论的修辞
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.2005233
Matthew W. Bost
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引用次数: 1
Communication strategies for engaging climate skeptics: religion and the environment 吸引气候怀疑论者的沟通策略:宗教与环境
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-08 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.2001151
Jenny D. Schneider
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引用次数: 8
Beyond the margin: a (critical) qualitative study of people of color in intercollegiate forensics 在边缘之外:一项(批判性的)对大学间法医中有色人种的定性研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1986944
Carlos A. Tarin
Abstract As the communication discipline continues to grapple with issues pertaining to identity, representation, and equity, it is pivotal that such conversations take place in the domain of intercollegiate forensics as well. While some national organizations have begun to more seriously address the process of improving inclusivity outcomes, little research has been conducted on marginalized populations in the activity. Drawing on critical communication pedagogy, this qualitative study explores the experiences of people of color in competitive intercollegiate forensics. Interviews with people of color within the community reveal three major tensions that are being negotiated: voice ←→ constraint, belonging ←→ exclusion, and support ←→ burnout. Exploring these tensions provides a way of understanding how diverse viewpoints might better be supported in the activity.
随着传播学科继续努力解决与身份、代表性和公平性有关的问题,在校际法医学领域也进行这样的对话是至关重要的。虽然一些国家组织已经开始更认真地处理改善包容性成果的过程,但对这一活动中的边缘人群进行的研究却很少。借鉴批判性传播教学法,本定性研究探讨了有色人种在竞争激烈的校际法医学中的经验。对社区内有色人种的采访揭示了正在协商的三个主要紧张关系:声音←→约束,归属←→排斥,支持←→倦怠。探索这些紧张关系提供了一种理解如何在活动中更好地支持不同观点的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Social watching the 2020 presidential and vice-presidential debates: the effect of ideological homogeneity and partisan identity strength 社会观察2020年总统和副总统辩论:意识形态同质性和党派认同强度的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1955446
Go-eun Kim, Benjamin R. Warner, Cassandra C. Kearney, Jihye Park, M. Kearney
Abstract This study presents a novel test of the effects of social watching a live campaign debate. We recruited just over 500 participants to view one of the two 2020 presidential campaign debates or the vice-presidential debate in real time via Zoom watch rooms. We experimentally manipulated the social dynamics of these Zoom watches to include either ideologically homogenous real-time chat, heterogenous chat, or no chat. We found asymmetry in the extent to which these chat manipulations exacerbated biased information processing. Participants in the homogenous chat Zoom sessions were more likely to provide negative debate performance evaluations of the out-group candidate but were no more likely to provide positive evaluations of the in-group candidate. Stronger partisans exhibited more bias in performance evaluation regardless of chat condition but, contrary to our expectations, did not engage in more chat compared to weak partisans.
摘要:本研究提出了一个新的测试,社会观看直播竞选辩论的影响。我们招募了500多名参与者,通过Zoom观察室实时观看2020年总统竞选辩论或副总统辩论中的一场。我们通过实验操纵这些Zoom手表的社交动态,包括意识形态同质的实时聊天、异质聊天或不聊天。我们发现不对称的程度,这些聊天操作加剧了有偏见的信息处理。同质聊天Zoom会话的参与者更有可能对外组候选人提供负面的辩论表现评价,但不太可能对内组候选人提供积极的评价。无论聊天条件如何,较强的游击队员在绩效评估中表现出更多的偏见,但与我们的预期相反,与较弱的游击队员相比,他们没有参与更多的聊天。
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引用次数: 0
Reception of climate activist messages by low-carbon transition actors: argument evasion in the carbon offsetting debate 低碳转型行动者对气候活动家信息的接收:碳抵消辩论中的回避论点
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1971381
Mehmet Ali Üzelgün, Maria Fernandes‐Jesus, Önder Küçükural
Abstract How do adherents to hegemonic discourses construe and respond to radical arguments by activists? To address the question, we examined how adherents to hegemonic climate change discourses react to a climate activist’s arguments. In interviews conducted with corporate actors of low-carbon transitions, we used a video excerpt to elicit critical reactions to an activist’s argumentation on carbon offsetting. We used the critical reactions as an index of interviewees’ reception of the activist’s case and pragma-dialectical theory to analyze them. We found that interviewees advanced four types of criticism concerning individual agency, awareness-raising, neutralization, and financial instruments. We discuss their inter-relations and how interviewees construed the activist’s argumentation in ways that evaded his more antagonistic claims.
霸权话语的拥护者如何解释和回应激进分子的激进论点?为了解决这个问题,我们研究了霸权气候变化话语的拥护者如何回应气候活动家的论点。在采访低碳转型的企业参与者时,我们使用了一段视频摘录,以引出对一位活动家关于碳抵消的论点的批评反应。我们使用批评反应作为受访者对活动家案例接受程度的指标,并使用语用辩证理论对其进行分析。我们发现,受访者提出了四种类型的批评,涉及个人代理、提高认识、中和和金融工具。我们讨论了他们之间的相互关系,以及受访者如何解释活动家的论点,以逃避他更敌对的主张。
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引用次数: 1
Argumentation Network of the Americas announcement 美洲论辩网公告
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1924936
Harry Weger
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引用次数: 0
“All the research says”: manufactured consensus and the burden of proof in the racialized police violence controversy “众说纷纭”:种族化警察暴力争议中的人为共识与举证责任
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1965303
Christopher Earle
Abstract This article reconstructs and analyzes the argument strategies used by right-wing public intellectuals, journalists, and political figures to delegitimize the controversy over racialized police violence. I demonstrate how right-wing advocates aim to shift the issue to the technical sphere, claiming to represent an expert consensus and depicting antiracist advocates as misunderstanding, if not intentionally misusing, technical data. This case provides a rich opportunity to deepen rhetoric and argument study of, first, how advocates disguise racist and post-racial discourses in the terms of technical expertise, and, second, how the burden of proof is assigned and negotiated within racial controversies. Claiming to represent an expert consensus would seem to carry a much higher burden of proof than would amplifying technical uncertainty. I argue, however, that defenders of the police mitigate this burden through heavy reliance on argument from ignorance, insinuating that the supposed lack of evidence of officer bias means that police use of lethal force must be racially fair.
摘要本文重构并分析了右翼公共知识分子、新闻工作者和政治人物为使种族警察暴力争议非合法性而使用的辩论策略。我展示了右翼倡导者是如何试图将这个问题转移到技术领域的,他们声称自己代表了专家的共识,并将反种族主义倡导者描述为误解(如果不是故意滥用)技术数据。这个案例提供了一个丰富的机会来深化修辞和论证研究,首先,倡导者如何用技术专长来掩饰种族主义和后种族主义话语,其次,如何在种族争议中分配和协商举证责任。声称代表专家共识似乎比放大技术不确定性要承担更大的举证责任。然而,我认为,警察的辩护者通过严重依赖无知的论点来减轻这种负担,暗示所谓缺乏证据表明警察有偏见,意味着警察使用致命武力必须是种族公平的。
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引用次数: 2
Presidential campaign debates in the 2020 elections: debate scholarship and the future of presidential debates 2020年总统竞选辩论:辩论学术和总统辩论的未来
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1963526
M. McKinney
Four years ago, the Argumentation and Advocacy special issue of presidential debate scholarship was introduced by noting the “unconventional, unpredictable, unprecedented, and on many occasions rather ‘unpresidential’ presidential contest.” The studies contained in that issue went on to explore a “rather topsy-turvy election cycle [and] presidential campaign debates, with both primary and general-election debates serv[ing] as important campaign communication moments” (McKinney 2018, p. 72). Little did we know as we evaluated the debates of 2016 that what would occur in 2020 would set new records—on several measures new lows—for presidential debating, with a “topsy-turvy” debate cycle followed by one best characterized by outright tumult and disorder that overturned historic precedent and, potentially, has now established disturbing examples for the practice of future presidential debates. A common thread that runs throughout several of the studies contained in the current special issue of debate scholarship highlights the deficiencies with presidential candidates’ debate dialogue and argumentation, with these analyses often concluding the electorate is ill-served by current practices in presidential debating, particularly with our general-election debates. Important questions are raised by a number of these studies as to the future of our presidential debates, including how they should be structured, how journalists and debate moderators can best facilitate candidate debate, and suggestions for the type of candidate debate dialogue that will produce a more informed voter. Certainly, the stress of holding a national election in the midst of a global pandemic posed great challenges for many aspects of our electoral process in 2020, including our presidential debates. Yet, as the empirical analyses found in several of the studies in this special issue reveal, it was actually the incumbent president, Donald J. Trump, who posed perhaps the greatest threat to the institution of presidential debates. In keeping with his usual strategy of seeking to circumvent, control or even destroy those entities that present rules he must follow or would in any way limit his power and ability to exert his will, such as his frequent attacks on the judiciary (Rosen 2017), the legislative branch (Wehle 2020), or the press (Cobus 2020), Donald Trump also “declared war” on the Commission on Presidential Debates
四年前,总统辩论奖学金的《论证与倡导》特刊推出时指出,这是一场“非常规的、不可预测的、前所未有的、在许多场合甚至‘非总统’的总统竞选”。该问题中的研究继续探讨了“相当混乱的选举周期[和]总统竞选辩论,初选和大选辩论都是重要的竞选沟通时刻”(McKinney 2018,第72页)。当我们评估2016年的辩论时,我们几乎不知道,2020年将会发生的事情将创下总统辩论的新纪录——从几个方面来看都是新低——一个“颠倒”的辩论周期之后,一个最具特征的是彻底的骚动和混乱,推翻了历史先例,并可能为未来的总统辩论实践树立了令人不安的榜样。在当前的辩论学术特刊中,有几项研究都强调了总统候选人辩论对话和辩论的不足之处,这些分析往往得出结论,认为当前的总统辩论实践,尤其是大选辩论,对选民没有好处。这些研究提出了许多关于总统辩论未来的重要问题,包括辩论应该如何组织,记者和辩论主持人如何最好地促进候选人辩论,以及对候选人辩论对话类型的建议,这将产生一个更知情的选民。当然,在全球大流行病期间举行全国选举的压力对我们2020年选举进程的许多方面构成了巨大挑战,包括我们的总统辩论。然而,正如本期特刊的几项研究中发现的实证分析所揭示的那样,对总统辩论制度构成最大威胁的,实际上是现任总统唐纳德·j·特朗普(Donald J. Trump)。为了保持他一贯的策略,即寻求规避、控制甚至摧毁那些提出他必须遵守的规则的实体,或者以任何方式限制他行使自己意志的权力和能力,比如他频繁攻击司法机构(Rosen 2017)、立法部门(Wehle 2020)或新闻界(Cobus 2020),唐纳德·特朗普还向总统辩论委员会“宣战”
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引用次数: 1
The 2020 democratic presidential primary debates: exploring politeness strategies for facing an aggressive incumbent 2020年民主党总统初选辩论:探索面对咄咄逼人的现任者的礼貌策略
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1949554
Robert S. Hinck, Edward A. Hinck, S. Hinck, William O. Dailey, Breanna Melton
Abstract This study applied politeness theory to the thirteen Democratic primary debates of the 2020 campaign with comparisons to previous findings regarding the 2012 and 2016 Republican primary debates, the 2016 Democratic primary debates, and general election debates from 1960-2016. Our results indicate that the 2020 Democrats were less aggressive in their attacks than Republicans in 2012 and 2016, and that primary debates from 2012-2020 featured less aggressive qualities, on average, than general election debates. Results of the 2020 Democratic primary debates in particular showed a three-phase process of initial low intensity disagreement among candidates, followed by a phase of directly attacking the incumbent, with a third phase focusing on the Democratic front runners with Moderate and Progressive candidates using more direct and indirect face threats than single-issue and fringe candidates. Finally, while polls predicted the amount of time and thought-units candidates were afforded in the debates, they had little influence on politeness strategies utilized by the candidates.
本研究将礼貌理论应用于2020年的13场民主党初选辩论,并与之前关于2012年和2016年共和党初选辩论、2016年民主党初选辩论和1960-2016年大选辩论的研究结果进行了比较。我们的研究结果表明,2020年的民主党人在攻击中没有2012年和2016年的共和党人那么咄咄逼人,2012年至2020年的初选辩论平均而言不如大选辩论那么咄咄逼人。2020年民主党初选辩论的结果尤其显示了一个三阶段的过程,即候选人之间最初的低强度分歧,然后是直接攻击现任总统的阶段,第三阶段侧重于民主党领先的温和派和进步派候选人,使用比单一问题和边缘候选人更直接和间接的威胁。最后,虽然民意测验预测了候选人在辩论中的时间和思想单位,但它们对候选人使用的礼貌策略几乎没有影响。
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引用次数: 2
Presidential debate learning as a gateway to opinion articulation, communication intentions, and information seeking 总统辩论学习作为意见表达、沟通意图和信息寻求的门户
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1080/10511431.2021.1949543
F. J. Jennings, Josh C. Bramlett, K. Kenski, Isabel I. Villanueva
Abstract Presidential debates are a source of political learning for those who watch them. This study examines how learning from debates cultivates intentions for political engagement by increasing individuals’ opinion articulation. Using data from a study that involved participants (N = 543) who watched a nine-minute video from the first 2020 general election presidential debate in which the presidential candidates answered questions about the economy, we find that people who learned most from this segment had increased ability to articulate their opinions about the candidates. Opinion articulation, in turn, was associated with people’s intentions to discuss the economy with others and to engage in candidate advocacy. Ultimately, these effects were associated with increased intentions to seek additional information about the economy. The direct and indirect effects of political learning are explained.
总统辩论是观看辩论的人学习政治知识的一个来源。本研究考察了从辩论中学习如何通过增加个人的意见表达来培养政治参与的意图。我们使用了一项研究的数据,该研究让参与者(N = 543)观看了一段9分钟的视频,这段视频是2020年总统大选的第一次总统辩论,其中总统候选人回答了有关经济的问题。我们发现,从这段视频中学到最多的人表达自己对候选人观点的能力增强了。反过来,意见表达与人们与他人讨论经济和参与候选人宣传的意图有关。最终,这些影响与寻求更多经济信息的意愿增加有关。解释了政治学习的直接效应和间接效应。
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引用次数: 2
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Argumentation and Advocacy
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