Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a1
Jorge Leandro Rosa
In this text, we propose to examine the ways in which Nancy’s thought of catastrophe, indebted to Heidegger’s questioning of ontology and its history, embarks on a reading of the contemporary world marked by the passage of the “with” (Mitdasein) from the existential plane to the plainly categorial one. Thus, the ontological constitution of the existing slides into pure juxtaposition, as this appears in his analysis of the “proliferation of ends” and their incessant transformation into means.We also dedicate our attention to the ruin, saturation and rupture of the “construction” model. It is in the infinitization of each and every action, through the unpredictable technical architecture in the base of its design, that the catastrophic penetrates the world with its constitutive multiplicity and the state of “suspension” that defines it. The life of waste in its dispersion is exemplary in this context: the catastrophe thus unfolds in lapses thrown into the environment and the psyche of the subjects, something that can be seen as the introjection of the temporality of struction.The anomie that today shelters the catastrophes that intertwine before our eyes, apparently “scandalous” in a paradigm of action, takes place in a «present that never fulfills itself as presence» (Nancy) and that finds itself in the impossibility of expressing the meaning of the world. The disorder of struction, which characterizes what some inappropriately call the Anthropocene, does not happen as a reversal or a destruction of an order, but rather as a disconnection of the imperative character of the order. From this question, a discussion opens on the meaning of the community that is on the verge of catastrophe.
{"title":"A dispersão das catástrofes. O ilimitado e a estrução do mundo","authors":"Jorge Leandro Rosa","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a1","url":null,"abstract":"In this text, we propose to examine the ways in which Nancy’s thought of catastrophe, indebted to Heidegger’s questioning of ontology and its history, embarks on a reading of the contemporary world marked by the passage of the “with” (Mitdasein) from the existential plane to the plainly categorial one. Thus, the ontological constitution of the existing slides into pure juxtaposition, as this appears in his analysis of the “proliferation of ends” and their incessant transformation into means.We also dedicate our attention to the ruin, saturation and rupture of the “construction” model. It is in the infinitization of each and every action, through the unpredictable technical architecture in the base of its design, that the catastrophic penetrates the world with its constitutive multiplicity and the state of “suspension” that defines it. The life of waste in its dispersion is exemplary in this context: the catastrophe thus unfolds in lapses thrown into the environment and the psyche of the subjects, something that can be seen as the introjection of the temporality of struction.The anomie that today shelters the catastrophes that intertwine before our eyes, apparently “scandalous” in a paradigm of action, takes place in a «present that never fulfills itself as presence» (Nancy) and that finds itself in the impossibility of expressing the meaning of the world. The disorder of struction, which characterizes what some inappropriately call the Anthropocene, does not happen as a reversal or a destruction of an order, but rather as a disconnection of the imperative character of the order. From this question, a discussion opens on the meaning of the community that is on the verge of catastrophe.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89149837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a7
Romaric Jannel, L. Droz, T. Fuke
What is a disaster? This paper explores the different hermeneutic levels that need to be taken into consideration when approaching this question through the case of Japan. Instead of a view of disasters as spatiotemporal events, we approach disasters from the perspective of the milieu. First, based on the Japanese «dictionaries of disasters», the Japanese vocabulary of disaster is described. Second, this paper reviews briefly the Japanese interdisciplinary disaster-management tradition. To highlight the human-made aspect of disasters, the idea of fūdo風土 is introduced. This concept allows us to see disasters as a phenomenon of the milieu, which emerges from the co-constitutive relations between individuals, communities, and the local environment. The final part debates the narratives by some national and international political actors that link «Japanese identity and culture» to disaster management and sometimes include nationalist claims rooted in the essentialization of the «Japanese exception». Given the cruciality of sociocultural and political representations of disasters tied to identity politics, and the increasing frequency and intensity of disasters, a long-term, local people-focused and culturally sensitive perspective on disasters might be better adapted to the climate change era.
{"title":"The human-made aspect of disasters. A philosophical perspective from Japan","authors":"Romaric Jannel, L. Droz, T. Fuke","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a7","url":null,"abstract":"What is a disaster? This paper explores the different hermeneutic levels that need to be taken into consideration when approaching this question through the case of Japan. Instead of a view of disasters as spatiotemporal events, we approach disasters from the perspective of the milieu. First, based on the Japanese «dictionaries of disasters», the Japanese vocabulary of disaster is described. Second, this paper reviews briefly the Japanese interdisciplinary disaster-management tradition. To highlight the human-made aspect of disasters, the idea of fūdo風土 is introduced. This concept allows us to see disasters as a phenomenon of the milieu, which emerges from the co-constitutive relations between individuals, communities, and the local environment. The final part debates the narratives by some national and international political actors that link «Japanese identity and culture» to disaster management and sometimes include nationalist claims rooted in the essentialization of the «Japanese exception». Given the cruciality of sociocultural and political representations of disasters tied to identity politics, and the increasing frequency and intensity of disasters, a long-term, local people-focused and culturally sensitive perspective on disasters might be better adapted to the climate change era.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76610089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a5
J. Gil
This article focuses on some «disaster ethics» considerations on disaster preparedness and its related responsibilities. After recalling that concerns about preparedness and vulnerability have come to the fore in the domains of «disaster risk reduction» over the last decades, the article will endorse the view that the demarcation between natural disasters and human-induced disasters has becoming blurred and even questionable in many cases. Then, it will be argued that the ethical assessment of disasters needs to consider the entire disaster cycle and that ethical duties extend to the phase of disaster preparedness and require a framework of prospective and shared responsibilities. Accordingly, a number of ethical duties concerning disaster preparedness will be commented upon. Finally, the article will discuss a specific socio-epistemic dynamics of blame assignment that unbalances the appraisal of both vulnerability conditions and moral responsibilities of certain worst-off disaster victims
{"title":"Shared Responsibility and Disaster Preparedness","authors":"J. Gil","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a5","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on some «disaster ethics» considerations on disaster preparedness and its related responsibilities. After recalling that concerns about preparedness and vulnerability have come to the fore in the domains of «disaster risk reduction» over the last decades, the article will endorse the view that the demarcation between natural disasters and human-induced disasters has becoming blurred and even questionable in many cases. Then, it will be argued that the ethical assessment of disasters needs to consider the entire disaster cycle and that ethical duties extend to the phase of disaster preparedness and require a framework of prospective and shared responsibilities. Accordingly, a number of ethical duties concerning disaster preparedness will be commented upon. Finally, the article will discuss a specific socio-epistemic dynamics of blame assignment that unbalances the appraisal of both vulnerability conditions and moral responsibilities of certain worst-off disaster victims","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75426037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a6
Marzia Marastoni
Philosophers, lawyers, and political scientists have for a long time attempted to solve issues related to human rights, crises, and catastrophes. This article aims at bringing these debates together, to show that human rights and crises are mutually interdependent. More precisely, I will illustrate that the instincts and emotions triggered by the materialization of certain crises and catastrophes might devalue the implementation of human rights law as it influences our conception of the grounding of human rights qua moral rights. For this reason, a call for a “theory of want” as a justification for the grounding and the implementation of human rights in times of crisis is needed.
{"title":"Human needs or Human wants? The Impact of crises and catastrophes on Human Rights","authors":"Marzia Marastoni","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a6","url":null,"abstract":"Philosophers, lawyers, and political scientists have for a long time attempted to solve issues related to human rights, crises, and catastrophes. This article aims at bringing these debates together, to show that human rights and crises are mutually interdependent. More precisely, I will illustrate that the instincts and emotions triggered by the materialization of certain crises and catastrophes might devalue the implementation of human rights law as it influences our conception of the grounding of human rights qua moral rights. For this reason, a call for a “theory of want” as a justification for the grounding and the implementation of human rights in times of crisis is needed.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74065565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a3
Emanuele Bottazzi Grifoni
This article considers Clement Rosset’s Logique du pire and Hans Jonas’ Das Prinzip Verantwortung from the point of view of the worst. These are diametrically opposed books in many ways. If for the former everything is chance (hazard) and no action is possible except that of exterminating laughter, for the latter action to avert catastrophe is a duty and it is mere gamble (azzardo) to add chance to chance in reckless actions. Both solutions are insufficient. To understand this, it is necessary to have a more perspicuous view on catastrophe. A catastrophe is that event, unpredictable when it develops, that indiscriminately involves a group of individuals and inflicts them irreversible or, better, amputating damage. Therefore, it is necessary to build a philosophy of the worst on a philosophy of amputation.
{"title":"Filosofia del peggio","authors":"Emanuele Bottazzi Grifoni","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a3","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers Clement Rosset’s Logique du pire and Hans Jonas’ Das Prinzip Verantwortung from the point of view of the worst. These are diametrically opposed books in many ways. If for the former everything is chance (hazard) and no action is possible except that of exterminating laughter, for the latter action to avert catastrophe is a duty and it is mere gamble (azzardo) to add chance to chance in reckless actions. Both solutions are insufficient. To understand this, it is necessary to have a more perspicuous view on catastrophe. A catastrophe is that event, unpredictable when it develops, that indiscriminately involves a group of individuals and inflicts them irreversible or, better, amputating damage. Therefore, it is necessary to build a philosophy of the worst on a philosophy of amputation.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78921060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Júlia Lira Bernardo, Rodolfo Pessoa de Melo Moura, Eyde Cristianne Saraiva Bonatto, Amanda Gabriela Soares Lins, Lara Soares Machado, Giovana Araújo Alcantara, Blenda De Souza Costa, Carlos Victor Lamarão Pereira, Bianca Cordovil Gouvêa, Vanessa de Souza Marinho
{"title":"ELABORAÇÃO E ANÁLISE SENSORIAL DE GELEIA DE POLPA DE SERIGUELA (Spondias purpurea L.)","authors":"Ana Júlia Lira Bernardo, Rodolfo Pessoa de Melo Moura, Eyde Cristianne Saraiva Bonatto, Amanda Gabriela Soares Lins, Lara Soares Machado, Giovana Araújo Alcantara, Blenda De Souza Costa, Carlos Victor Lamarão Pereira, Bianca Cordovil Gouvêa, Vanessa de Souza Marinho","doi":"10.29327/1171535.2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29327/1171535.2-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75281201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39r1
Tiago Mesquita Carvalho
{"title":"David J. Rosner (ed.), Catastrophe and Philosophy, Lexington Books, 2019; 370 pp.; ISBN 978-1-4985-4011-7","authors":"Tiago Mesquita Carvalho","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39r1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74648565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/09714290/port43a1
Juan Antonio Martín Ruiz
We examine the available information on a hypogeum where a Phoenician aristocrat was buried which was discovered by chance in the Granada town of Almuñécar during the year 1604. We consider the data provided by some preserved documents from that century about its constructive characteristics, as well as the different elements that made up the grave goods and the ritual that was used. At the same time we will try to insert this finding within our current knowledge about this colony and in particular within some other burial chambers documented in this site.
{"title":"Sobre un hipogeo fenício descubierto en Almuñecar (Granada) en el siglo XVII","authors":"Juan Antonio Martín Ruiz","doi":"10.21747/09714290/port43a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/09714290/port43a1","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the available information on a hypogeum where a Phoenician aristocrat was buried which was discovered by chance in the Granada town of Almuñécar during the year 1604. We consider the data provided by some preserved documents from that century about its constructive characteristics, as well as the different elements that made up the grave goods and the ritual that was used. At the same time we will try to insert this finding within our current knowledge about this colony and in particular within some other burial chambers documented in this site.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85334563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/09714290/port43a4
Sara Barbazán Domínguez, Eduardo Ramil Rego, Hugo Lozano Hermida
This study focuses on the characterization of the common pottery productions present in Roman contexts from different deposits in the surroundings of the city of Lucus Augusti, with the main objective of interpretate the transformations that occurred in the zone after the integration of this territory in the Roman world. Through an approach that bets on the analysis of cultural exchange that gives rise to a hybrid culture that has its echo in the pottery, we studied the productions of the hill fort of Saa (A Pastoriza), Agra dos Castros (Lugo) and Viladonga (Castro de Rei). These are different places from each other, which are at different distances from the city and with occupations in periods between the s. I BC and the s. V AD, which has allowed to observe the different realities present in the territory
本研究的重点是在Lucus Augusti城市周围的不同沉积物中出现的罗马背景下常见陶器产品的特征，其主要目的是解释在罗马世界整合该地区后发生的转变。通过对文化交流的分析，我们研究了萨阿山堡(a Pastoriza)、阿格拉多斯卡斯特罗(Lugo)和维拉东加(Castro de Rei)的生产，这种文化交流产生了一种混合文化，这种文化在陶器中有其回声。这些是彼此不同的地方，它们与城市的距离不同，并且在公元前5世纪到公元5世纪之间的时期有职业，这使得人们可以观察到领土上存在的不同现实
{"title":"La hibridación cultural en los castros del entorno de Lucus Augusti (Lugo, Galicia) a través de la cerâmica común de Época Romana","authors":"Sara Barbazán Domínguez, Eduardo Ramil Rego, Hugo Lozano Hermida","doi":"10.21747/09714290/port43a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/09714290/port43a4","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the characterization of the common pottery productions present in Roman contexts from different deposits in the surroundings of the city of Lucus Augusti, with the main objective of interpretate the transformations that occurred in the zone after the integration of this territory in the Roman world. Through an approach that bets on the analysis of cultural exchange that gives rise to a hybrid culture that has its echo in the pottery, we studied the productions of the hill fort of Saa (A Pastoriza), Agra dos Castros (Lugo) and Viladonga (Castro de Rei). These are different places from each other, which are at different distances from the city and with occupations in periods between the s. I BC and the s. V AD, which has allowed to observe the different realities present in the territory","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78368302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil39a2
Ralf Gisinger
h catastrophic events of «nature» like global warming, arguments emerge that insinuate an equivalence of vulnerability, responsibility or being affected by these catastrophes. Such an alleged equivalence when facing climate catastrophe is already visible, for example, in the notion of the «Anthropocene» itself, which obscures both causes and various vulnerabilities in a homogenized as well as universalized concept of humanity (anthropos). Taking such narratives as a starting point, the paper explores questions about the connection between catastrophe, temporality, and history, following mainly Walter Benjamin, Dipesh Chakrabarty and Jean-Luc Nancy with the goal to provide (1) a critique of the concept «Anthropocene» on the basis of nonequivalence while retaining its key features to still grasp the catastrophic present, (2) an analysis of anthropocenic time and the chronical structure of catastrophe, (3) philosophical considerations on the intersection of catastrophe and history.
{"title":"Catastrophic Times. Against Equivalencies of History and Vulnerability in the «Anthropocene»","authors":"Ralf Gisinger","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil39a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil39a2","url":null,"abstract":"h catastrophic events of «nature» like global warming, arguments emerge that insinuate an equivalence of vulnerability, responsibility or being affected by these catastrophes. Such an alleged equivalence when facing climate catastrophe is already visible, for example, in the notion of the «Anthropocene» itself, which obscures both causes and various vulnerabilities in a homogenized as well as universalized concept of humanity (anthropos). Taking such narratives as a starting point, the paper explores questions about the connection between catastrophe, temporality, and history, following mainly Walter Benjamin, Dipesh Chakrabarty and Jean-Luc Nancy with the goal to provide (1) a critique of the concept «Anthropocene» on the basis of nonequivalence while retaining its key features to still grasp the catastrophic present, (2) an analysis of anthropocenic time and the chronical structure of catastrophe, (3) philosophical considerations on the intersection of catastrophe and history.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82241171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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