Pub Date : 2019-12-09DOI: 10.21747/09714290/port40a2
D. Pinto
The Iron Age containers’ representation includes all aspects related to containers; shapes, pastes, general aspect – surface treatments and color – and decoration. We intend here to make known, in a succinct way, the images and decorative aspect of the containers of the Crasto de Palheiros from the 9th century BC to the 2nd century AD. The decoration integrates the techniques and decorative organizations, the ways of making and the final results. We present the various decorative current that include comb and stamp decorated containers as well as other ways of decorating originated in local traditions.
{"title":"Contributos para a imagética decorativa dos recipientes cerâmicos da Idade do Ferro de Trás-os-Montes: entre a meseta e o litoral português","authors":"D. Pinto","doi":"10.21747/09714290/port40a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/09714290/port40a2","url":null,"abstract":"The Iron Age containers’ representation includes all aspects related to containers; shapes, pastes, general aspect – surface treatments and color – and decoration. We intend here to make known, in a succinct way, the images and decorative aspect of the containers of the Crasto de Palheiros from the 9th century BC to the 2nd century AD. The decoration integrates the techniques and decorative organizations, the ways of making and the final results. We present the various decorative current that include comb and stamp decorated containers as well as other ways of decorating originated in local traditions.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74706534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35r4
Susana Oliveira
{"title":"João Machado Vaz, Schizophrenia, Minkowski, & Bergsonism, (MLAG Discussion Papers) Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Porto 2018; 311 p.; ISBN 978-989-54030-0-4","authors":"Susana Oliveira","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil35r4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil35r4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73733178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35a3
D. Liscia
It can hardly be questioned that the history of Western philosophy is to a good extent also a history of texts. For medieval philosophy it is likewise valid, from the thirteenth century onward, that these texts are mostly connected to university teaching and, at the same time, for good or not, to the aristotelian philosophy. This fact is easily verifiable for the major commentaries on the Aristoteles latinus and for almost each european university as well. The present contribution deals with a part of the later commentary tradition on the Metaphysics at the late medieval German universities. It focusses on a text – a quaestiones commentary on the Metaphysics – the transmission of which is extraordinarily complex. It examines two late medieval authors: John of Wesel (Johannes Rucherat de Wesalia), less known for his aristotelian commentaries than for his confrontation with the Roman church, and nicholas of amsterdam, whose work has received considerable attention in recent scholarship. Both philosophers were active at several German universities during the first half of the fifteenth century and commented on many aristotelian texts, including the Metaphysics. This paper emerged from an analysis of a manuscript (Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, F VIII 7) conveying a quaestiones commentary attributed to John of Wesel. after some basic information, a more detailed comparison shows, however, that this text runs essentially identical with one of nicholas’ versions of his own commentary. Finally, a proposal of interpreting this fact considering the university standards of the time is included.
毫无疑问，西方哲学史在很大程度上也是一部文本史。对于中世纪哲学来说，从13世纪开始，这些文本大多与大学教学有关，同时，无论好坏，与亚里士多德哲学有关。这一事实很容易在对亚里士多德的主要评论以及几乎每一所欧洲大学中得到证实。目前的贡献涉及中世纪晚期德国大学对形而上学的后期评论传统的一部分。它关注的是一篇关于《形而上学》的问题评论，它的传播是非常复杂的。它考察了两位中世纪晚期的作家:韦塞尔的约翰(约翰内斯·鲁切拉·德·韦塞利亚)，他的亚里士多德式评论比他与罗马教会的对抗更出名，阿姆斯特丹的尼古拉斯，他的作品在最近的学术界受到了相当大的关注。在15世纪上半叶，两位哲学家都活跃于德国的几所大学，并评论了许多亚里士多德的著作，包括《形而上学》。这篇论文是从一份手稿(巴塞尔，Universitätsbibliothek, F VIII 7)的分析中出现的，传达了一个问题的评论，归因于韦塞尔的约翰。然而，在一些基本信息之后，更详细的比较表明，这篇文章与尼古拉斯自己的评论的一个版本基本相同。最后，结合当时的大学标准对这一事实进行了解释。
{"title":"The Questions on the Metaphysics attributed to Johannes Rucherat de Wesalia (A Textual Analysis)","authors":"D. Liscia","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil35a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil35a3","url":null,"abstract":"It can hardly be questioned that the history of Western philosophy is to a good extent also a history of texts. For medieval philosophy it is likewise valid, from the thirteenth century onward, that these texts are mostly connected to university teaching and, at the same time, for good or not, to the aristotelian philosophy. This fact is easily verifiable for the major commentaries on the Aristoteles latinus and for almost each european university as well. The present contribution deals with a part of the later commentary tradition on the Metaphysics at the late medieval German universities. It focusses on a text – a quaestiones commentary on the Metaphysics – the transmission of which is extraordinarily complex. It examines two late medieval authors: John of Wesel (Johannes Rucherat de Wesalia), less known for his aristotelian commentaries than for his confrontation with the Roman church, and nicholas of amsterdam, whose work has received considerable attention in recent scholarship. Both philosophers were active at several German universities during the first half of the fifteenth century and commented on many aristotelian texts, including the Metaphysics. This paper emerged from an analysis of a manuscript (Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, F VIII 7) conveying a quaestiones commentary attributed to John of Wesel. after some basic information, a more detailed comparison shows, however, that this text runs essentially identical with one of nicholas’ versions of his own commentary. Finally, a proposal of interpreting this fact considering the university standards of the time is included.","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86781763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/09714290/port40a1
Sergio Ríos González
{"title":"A propósito de las primeras arquitecturas castreñas en el sector occidental de Asturias","authors":"Sergio Ríos González","doi":"10.21747/09714290/port40a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/09714290/port40a1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85567530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35a5
Cláudio Alexandre S. Carvalho
Robert Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy conveys an impressive body of medical and humanist knowledge through a multitude of voices and styles, leading some of its interpreters to reject its unity and originality. We sustain that, along with its curative strategies, Burton’s understanding of the imagination, «the queen of mental powers», is probably the most innovative contribution of his work. Grounded on the Aristotelian model, Burton develops an operative conception of imagination that is central in the fulfilment of the prophylactic and therapeutic goals of the Anatomy. Burton describes the normal functioning of imagination, bridging between the physical and the immaterial soul with reproductive and creative features, but also its abnormal and/or pathological manifestations, particularly the way it has «the power to arouse the [melancholic] passions». The particular kind of delirium in which melancholy consists is described by Burton as the consequence of unbounded imagination, «first step and fountain of all grievances», initiating damaging forms of enjoyment. On the other hand, a kind of «guided imagining» is required for the inoculation and relief of melancholic syndromes. These goals are not simply stated, through dietetic prescriptions and truncated spiritual measures. Burton constructs a reading experience that relies on the imagination as a way to understand, prevent and cure sensory, emotional, and cognitive iterations of melancholy. Inspired by the story of Zisca’s drum, Burton designed the Anatomy so that it has incantatory gifts for its reader, affirming that it must «drive away melancholy (thou I be gone)».
{"title":"The eminent role of imagination in Burton’s treatment of melancholy","authors":"Cláudio Alexandre S. Carvalho","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil35a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil35a5","url":null,"abstract":"Robert Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy conveys an impressive body of medical and humanist knowledge through a multitude of voices and styles, leading some of its interpreters to reject its unity and originality. We sustain that, along with its curative strategies, Burton’s understanding of the imagination, «the queen of mental powers», is probably the most innovative contribution of his work. Grounded on the Aristotelian model, Burton develops an operative conception of imagination that is central in the fulfilment of the prophylactic and therapeutic goals of the Anatomy. Burton describes the normal functioning of imagination, bridging between the physical and the immaterial soul with reproductive and creative features, but also its abnormal and/or pathological manifestations, particularly the way it has «the power to arouse the [melancholic] passions». The particular kind of delirium in which melancholy consists is described by Burton as the consequence of unbounded imagination, «first step and fountain of all grievances», initiating damaging forms of enjoyment. On the other hand, a kind of «guided imagining» is required for the inoculation and relief of melancholic syndromes. These goals are not simply stated, through dietetic prescriptions and truncated spiritual measures. Burton constructs a reading experience that relies on the imagination as a way to understand, prevent and cure sensory, emotional, and cognitive iterations of melancholy. Inspired by the story of Zisca’s drum, Burton designed the Anatomy so that it has incantatory gifts for its reader, affirming that it must «drive away melancholy (thou I be gone)».","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74284315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35a6
Heidegger’s movement away from his project of Dasein analytic of Being and Timeto Being-centeredness in the middle period of his writings allows Being to give itself in appearing or clearing in its manifoldness. In the later years, Heidegger goes on to say that Being lies in the openness, luminosity or clearing (Lichtung) and determines the truth of beings. For Heidegger, it is in Being’s revealing-withdrawing inter-play that historical people come and ground their own cultural history. In this paper, I shall argue that Heidegger’s thinking of the history of Being is useful for establishing the phenomenological ground for a philosophical defense of ‘other’ cultural traditions in the background of their increasing questionableness in the planetary phase of the western understanding of Being. I show Heidegger’s attempt to overcome ontotheology and what according to Heidegger happens to the history of ontology in western metaphysics with the specific meaning of Being it has inherited since Plato. Destruktion of the history of Being is an unrelenting, ever-ongoing process in Heidegger’s writings. It has developed much earlier than Being and Time in the 1920s as a fiercely critical approach to the western philosophical tradition. The second section discusses Heidegger’s turn (die Kehre) towards the history of Being. It is through the history of Being, Heidegger attempts to overcome the history of western ontology. Heidegger contends that the history of Being unveils the truth of Being in a particular manner to the historical people in each metaphysical epoch. Hence, there is no single revelation of Being once and for all. This is an important notion that I shall emphasize in support of my conception of ‘other’ cultural traditions. The third section is on the history of Being of the Greeks and the late moderns. While Heidegger emphasizes six such metaphysical epochs, I have chosen two important ones for our analysis; the original Greek understanding of Being or Phusis and the late modern technological understanding of Being or Gestell (enframing) as Heidegger sees it from the point of view of the history of Being. In the concluding section, I argue that Heidegger’s attack on a reified and unified history of philosophy and his emphasis on a divergent history of Being clear the way for my attempt to draw up a phenomenology of other cultural traditions.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35r1
J. Meirinhos
{"title":"As constituições perdidas de Aristóteles. Fragmentos perdidos das constituições e fragmentos históricos, tradução de António de Castro Caeiro, Ed. Abysmo, Lisboa 2018; 122 pp.; ISBN .978-989-8688-78-1","authors":"J. Meirinhos","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil35r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil35r1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81023307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35a2
José Higuera
The aristotelian opposition between demonstrative and probable arguments is reflected in the medieval commentaries that distinguish between dialectical syllogisms, used by the art of persuasion, and the demonstrative syllogisms based on necessary principles, whose knowledge is immediate and per se notum. In a manuscript of Ars demonstrativa, attributed to ramon Llull, there is a remark about the usage of probable arguments, although they are based on necessary principles. about that, Llull added that naming this work as «demonstrative» might sound slightly «scandalous». However, Llull seems to attest a dilution of the distinction between probable arguments and demonstrative principles, which is possibly related to the Boethian reading of the Topics. Boethius defines a list of differentiae which are the terms that link, in the syllogisms, a premise with a necessary conclusion or a general principle. The medieval commentators of the De Topicisdifferentiis realized that these dialectical places are also applicable to hypothetical syllogisms, which are compounded by conditional premises. Medieval masters made lists of differentiae that include terms such as: opposition, likeness, relation, superior and inferior, authority and trassumptio (the Latin term for metaphor). ramon Llull shows an indirect reception of the De topicis differentiis of Boethius in the figure T of his Ars, as well as a specific application of the argumentative places in the theological dialogue with other religions. Thus, the evidence of the faith articles, although they are “first principles” and true for themselves, is not accessible to the intellect unless it is proved by probable arguments.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35a1
Paulo Alexandre Lima
in this article we examine the Phaedo section on misology. Socrates tries to identify the nature and origin of μισολογία, as well as its ruinous consequences for the philosophical life. Μισολογία has a disastrous effect on philosophical life, because it consists in hatred of argument and therefore bears the power to undermine the confidence in λόγοι which is the very basis of life devoted to philosophy. Since philosophy is based upon confidence in λόγοι and could consequently be termed a kind of φιλολογία, hatred of argument or μισολογία can be equated with hatred of philosophy. Socrates endeavours to protect philosophy against the dangers of μισολογία. He does this by showing that confidence in λόγοι is the only way to conduct a meaningful life: the philosophical life. He performs an apology for λόγοι, which is an apology for philosophy and a fortiori for his own life: the life of a true φιλόλογος.
在这篇文章中，我们检视斐多篇关于misology的部分。苏格拉底试图识别μισολογ末梢α的本质和起源，以及它对哲学生活的毁灭性后果。Μισολογία对哲学生活有灾难性的影响，因为它包含了对争论的憎恨，因此有能力破坏对λο ο的信心，而这种信心正是致力于哲学生活的基础。由于哲学是建立在对λολο ο的信任之上的，因此可以被称为一种φιλολογ末梢α，对争论的憎恨或μισολογ末梢α可以等同于对哲学的憎恨。苏格拉底努力保护哲学不受μισολογ献祭的危害。他通过展示对λ ο ο的信心是过有意义的生活的唯一途径来做到这一点:哲学生活。他为λόγο ς进行了一次道歉，这既是对哲学的道歉，更是对自己生命的道歉:一个真正的φιλόλογος的生命。
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.21747/21836892/fil35r3
Maria Eduarda Machado
{"title":"Kind, Amy (ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Imagination, Routledge, New York & Oxford 2016; 481pp.; ISBN 978-0-415-73948-1 (hbk), 978-1-315-65790-5 (ebk)","authors":"Maria Eduarda Machado","doi":"10.21747/21836892/fil35r3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21747/21836892/fil35r3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30039,"journal":{"name":"Historia Revista da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76306243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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