Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.11648/J.SR.20200803.11
Meseret Ejeta
Benishagul state of Ethiopia is a potential place for soybean seed production but, seed quality production is the major problem under this place. So that, the use of seed priming techniques before seed sowing has been the best solution to overcome seed quality problem. Experiment was carried out at Haramaya University seed science laboratory. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of priming on seed quality of soybean varieties. The experiment had three varieties (Belessa95, Wello and Gishama), three priming types [GA3 (100PPM), KH2PO4 (50 PP) and water] and three priming durations (0, 6, 12 hours) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design for field experiment. Seed were harvested and seed quality analysis was tested at laboratory by using completely Randomized Design in three replications. The result of the study showed that highly significant (P≤0.01) difference between interaction of varieties by, priming type and soaking durations for Seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, Electrical conductivity and field emergence index and significant (P≤0.05) difference for seedling vigor index-1 were observed. Varieties by priming type interaction showed highly significant (P≤0.01) difference for seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, electrical conductivity and field emergence index. The highest shoot length were observed for Belessa95 varieties primed with GA3 (16.31cm) and the highest root length were observed for Belessa95 varieties (6.98cm) and seed primed with water (7.22cm). The highest seedling dry weight was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (250 gm). The highest seedling vigor index1 was recorded when Gishema variety primed with KH2PO4 for 6hr (2202.20), the highest seedling vigor index2 was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (23673) and the highest Speed of Germination was recorded when Wello variety primed with water for 6hr (42.89). Colletotrichum dematium, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp, Alternaria spp, Tricodormal spp, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium spp, Cladosporium spp, Curvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataticola, Rhizopus spp, Macrophomina spp, yeast, Chaetomium spp, Sphacelomia glycines and Xanthomonas campestri were disease identified from seed sample. Soybean varieties primed with water and GA3 priming medias exhibited the better results in improving seed quality followed by KH2PO4. Hence, Water priming was recommended to user to overcome the problems of poor crop emergence and establishments under adverse environmental condition.
{"title":"Effect of Priming on Seed Quality of Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Varieties at Assosa, Western Ethiopia","authors":"Meseret Ejeta","doi":"10.11648/J.SR.20200803.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SR.20200803.11","url":null,"abstract":"Benishagul state of Ethiopia is a potential place for soybean seed production but, seed quality production is the major problem under this place. So that, the use of seed priming techniques before seed sowing has been the best solution to overcome seed quality problem. Experiment was carried out at Haramaya University seed science laboratory. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of priming on seed quality of soybean varieties. The experiment had three varieties (Belessa95, Wello and Gishama), three priming types [GA3 (100PPM), KH2PO4 (50 PP) and water] and three priming durations (0, 6, 12 hours) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design for field experiment. Seed were harvested and seed quality analysis was tested at laboratory by using completely Randomized Design in three replications. The result of the study showed that highly significant (P≤0.01) difference between interaction of varieties by, priming type and soaking durations for Seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, Electrical conductivity and field emergence index and significant (P≤0.05) difference for seedling vigor index-1 were observed. Varieties by priming type interaction showed highly significant (P≤0.01) difference for seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index-2, speed of germination, electrical conductivity and field emergence index. The highest shoot length were observed for Belessa95 varieties primed with GA3 (16.31cm) and the highest root length were observed for Belessa95 varieties (6.98cm) and seed primed with water (7.22cm). The highest seedling dry weight was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (250 gm). The highest seedling vigor index1 was recorded when Gishema variety primed with KH2PO4 for 6hr (2202.20), the highest seedling vigor index2 was recorded when Belessa95 variety primed with water for 12hr (23673) and the highest Speed of Germination was recorded when Wello variety primed with water for 6hr (42.89). Colletotrichum dematium, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp, Alternaria spp, Tricodormal spp, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium spp, Cladosporium spp, Curvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataticola, Rhizopus spp, Macrophomina spp, yeast, Chaetomium spp, Sphacelomia glycines and Xanthomonas campestri were disease identified from seed sample. Soybean varieties primed with water and GA3 priming medias exhibited the better results in improving seed quality followed by KH2PO4. Hence, Water priming was recommended to user to overcome the problems of poor crop emergence and establishments under adverse environmental condition.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80523099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-29DOI: 10.11648/J.SR.20200802.12
Kelemu Abebe Gelaw, N. Gebeyehu
Background: Client satisfaction is indispensable for further advancement of the quality of focused antenatal care service and women's satisfaction has been directly linked to the quality of services given. This is essential to meet specific client needs and to provide uniform health care services for pregnant women. Objective:-To assess maternal satisfaction and associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal care service in Bedessa Health center, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study using quantitative methods was conducted among 387 pregnant women’s. Subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were coded, cleaned and entered by using Epi info version 7.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were carried out to identify factors associated with client satisfaction on antenatal care services and strength of association were declared at significance level of 0.05. Result: More than half of the respondents (64.1%) were satisfied with the service that they received. Those pregnant mothers who were merchants were three times more likely satisfied than housewife’s (AOR=2.649, 95%CI: 1.008, 6.96). Mothers who had first visit ANC were almost three times more likely satisfied than those who had a fourth visit (AOR=2.85, 95%CI: 1.383, 5.90) and mothers who had second visits were two times more likely satisfied than those who had four visits (AOR=2.14, 95%CI: 1.09, 4.21). Conclusions and Recommendation: The level of satisfaction was lower compared to other studies. Client feedback should be recognized as a legitimate method of evaluating health services in the health center as a whole.
背景:客户满意度是进一步提高重点产前保健服务质量的必要条件，妇女的满意度直接关系到所提供服务的质量。这对于满足特定客户的需求和为孕妇提供统一的保健服务至关重要。目的:评估2018年埃塞俄比亚沃莱塔区贝德萨保健中心产前保健服务孕妇的孕产妇满意度及其相关因素。方法:采用定量方法对387例孕妇进行医院横断面调查。采用系统随机抽样方法选择研究对象。使用Epi info version 7.2对数据进行编码、清理和录入，并使用SPSS version 20对数据进行分析，采用双变量和多元逻辑回归确定影响产前保健服务满意度的因素，关联强度以0.05的显著性水平表示。结果:超过一半(64.1%)的受访者对所获得的服务感到满意。商人孕妇满意度是家庭主妇孕妇满意度的3倍(AOR=2.649, 95%CI: 1.008, 6.96)。第一次访问ANC的母亲满意度几乎是第四次访问的母亲的三倍(AOR=2.85, 95%CI: 1.383, 5.90)，第二次访问的母亲满意度是四次访问的母亲的两倍(AOR=2.14, 95%CI: 1.09, 4.21)。结论和建议:与其他研究相比，满意度水平较低。应承认客户反馈是评价整个保健中心保健服务的一种合法方法。
{"title":"Maternal Satisfaction and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attended at Antenatal Care Service in Bedessa Health Center, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia, 2018","authors":"Kelemu Abebe Gelaw, N. Gebeyehu","doi":"10.11648/J.SR.20200802.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SR.20200802.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Client satisfaction is indispensable for further advancement of the quality of focused antenatal care service and women's satisfaction has been directly linked to the quality of services given. This is essential to meet specific client needs and to provide uniform health care services for pregnant women. Objective:-To assess maternal satisfaction and associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal care service in Bedessa Health center, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study using quantitative methods was conducted among 387 pregnant women’s. Subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were coded, cleaned and entered by using Epi info version 7.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and Bivariate and multiple logistic regression were carried out to identify factors associated with client satisfaction on antenatal care services and strength of association were declared at significance level of 0.05. Result: More than half of the respondents (64.1%) were satisfied with the service that they received. Those pregnant mothers who were merchants were three times more likely satisfied than housewife’s (AOR=2.649, 95%CI: 1.008, 6.96). Mothers who had first visit ANC were almost three times more likely satisfied than those who had a fourth visit (AOR=2.85, 95%CI: 1.383, 5.90) and mothers who had second visits were two times more likely satisfied than those who had four visits (AOR=2.14, 95%CI: 1.09, 4.21). Conclusions and Recommendation: The level of satisfaction was lower compared to other studies. Client feedback should be recognized as a legitimate method of evaluating health services in the health center as a whole.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88973455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Seasonal forecasts for forestry have been developed in the Finnish Meteorological Institute in cooperation with Finnish end-users. Such forecasts could help forest companies in preparing for adverse conditions of timber harvesting operations. Bearing capacity for harvesting operations is dependent on soil moisture, and skillful forecasts have potentially large economic value. Using the ECMWF seasonal forecasts, we evaluated the monthly mean soil moisture forecasts for four different start months, with lead times from 0 to 2 months. Forecasts were bias adjusted, and showed skill in the first month for all four months. After the first lead month, winter months fared a bit better than summer months.
{"title":"Bias-adjusted seasonal forecasts of soil moisture for forestry applications in Finland","authors":"Otto Hyvärinen, A. Venäläinen, A. Vajda","doi":"10.5194/asr-17-23-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-17-23-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Seasonal forecasts for forestry have been developed in the Finnish Meteorological Institute in cooperation with Finnish end-users. Such forecasts could help forest companies in preparing for adverse conditions of timber harvesting operations.\u0000Bearing capacity for harvesting operations is dependent on soil moisture, and skillful forecasts have potentially large economic value. Using the ECMWF seasonal forecasts,\u0000we evaluated the monthly mean soil moisture forecasts for four different start months, with lead times from 0 to 2 months. Forecasts were bias adjusted, and showed skill in the first month for all four months. After the first lead month, winter months fared a bit better than summer months.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89360166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-14DOI: 10.11648/j.sr.20200801.12
D. H. Mitiku, Ayana Fikadu Roro
In Ethiopia, root and tuber crops play a significant role for food and nutritional security by filling food shortage that might exist until harvest of major crops. The objective was to review the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers which are indigenous crops to Ethiopia with good nutritional value and drought tolerance. Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica are a good sources of carbohydrate, minerals and fiber. Little is known about the contribution of these crops to food and nutritional security, nutritional value and major limiting factors to their wider utilization in Ethiopia. These crops are generally regarded as poor man’s food and remain neglected compared to other food crops in human diet. The anti-nutritional factors available in these indigenous crops can be reduced by different processing methods like fermentation, boiling and cooking to tolerable level. The generated information will give insights for their development, promotion and wider utilization to support food insecurity crises and calorie gap for the fast growing population in Ethiopia. Generally, the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers crop have appreciable nutritional composition of foods, minerals, ant nutritional factors and they are also used to maintain the fractured bone of human being. Thus, the crops should be included in people’s daily diet and solve the food insecurity problems in the country. All the stakeholders should give due enphasis to these indegenous crops and process to different food products.
{"title":"Nutritional Potential and Antnutritional Factors of Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica Tubers: A Review","authors":"D. H. Mitiku, Ayana Fikadu Roro","doi":"10.11648/j.sr.20200801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20200801.12","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, root and tuber crops play a significant role for food and nutritional security by filling food shortage that might exist until harvest of major crops. The objective was to review the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers which are indigenous crops to Ethiopia with good nutritional value and drought tolerance. Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica are a good sources of carbohydrate, minerals and fiber. Little is known about the contribution of these crops to food and nutritional security, nutritional value and major limiting factors to their wider utilization in Ethiopia. These crops are generally regarded as poor man’s food and remain neglected compared to other food crops in human diet. The anti-nutritional factors available in these indigenous crops can be reduced by different processing methods like fermentation, boiling and cooking to tolerable level. The generated information will give insights for their development, promotion and wider utilization to support food insecurity crises and calorie gap for the fast growing population in Ethiopia. Generally, the Plectranthus edulis, Cocciniaabyssinica and Dioscoreaabyssinica tubers crop have appreciable nutritional composition of foods, minerals, ant nutritional factors and they are also used to maintain the fractured bone of human being. Thus, the crops should be included in people’s daily diet and solve the food insecurity problems in the country. All the stakeholders should give due enphasis to these indegenous crops and process to different food products.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74835963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. In this work, some preliminary numerical simulations with the COSMO model including TERRA_URB parameterization have been performed. In particular, this work concerns simulations over a small domain located in southern Italy, in order to test the capabilities of the model in reproducing the main climate features of Urban Heat Islands over this area. Model evaluation has been performed in terms of 2 m temperature in an urban area and in a rural one, in order to highlight the behaviour of the parameterization in different contexts. Numerical results encourage further investigation and development of urban parameterization in very high-resolution configuration of limited area models and specifically of COSMO, to improve the representation of the maximum daily values of temperature and diurnal cycle especially in urban, but also in rural areas. Furthermore a better parameter tuning is still required for this specific test case.
{"title":"High-resolution simulations with COSMO model including TERRA_URB TERRA_URB parameterization for the representation of Urban Heat Islands over South Italy","authors":"E. Bucchignani, P. Mercogliano","doi":"10.5194/asr-17-19-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-17-19-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In this work, some preliminary numerical simulations with\u0000the COSMO model including TERRA_URB parameterization have\u0000been performed. In particular, this work concerns simulations over a small\u0000domain located in southern Italy, in order to test the capabilities of the\u0000model in reproducing the main climate features of Urban Heat Islands over\u0000this area. Model evaluation has been performed in terms of 2 m temperature in\u0000an urban area and in a rural one, in order to highlight the behaviour of the\u0000parameterization in different contexts. Numerical results encourage further\u0000investigation and development of urban parameterization in very\u0000high-resolution configuration of limited area models and specifically of\u0000COSMO, to improve the representation of the maximum daily values of\u0000temperature and diurnal cycle especially in urban, but also in rural areas.\u0000Furthermore a better parameter tuning is still required for this specific\u0000test case.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75725320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bettina Steuri, Tanja Blome, Katharina Bülow, Juliane El Zohbi, P. Hoffmann, Juliane Petersen, S. Pfeifer, D. Rechid, D. Jacob
Abstract. The goal of an interdisciplinary team of scientists at the Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) was to make the findings of the special report IPCC SR1.5 more accessible to the citizens of Hamburg. Therefore, a flyer was created that is understandable to non-climate scientists, visually attractive and generates interest. It contains up-to-date climate information, readily understandable texts and several graphical visualisations. The team has been working intensively on analysing and processing further the consequences of a 1.5 ∘ C global warming for the Hamburg metropolitan region. While the team's natural scientists elaborated the impacts on specific climate indices, other team members focused on the visualisation and communication of the results.
{"title":"Behind the scenes of an interdisciplinary effort: conception, design and production of a flyer on climate change for the citizens of Hamburg","authors":"Bettina Steuri, Tanja Blome, Katharina Bülow, Juliane El Zohbi, P. Hoffmann, Juliane Petersen, S. Pfeifer, D. Rechid, D. Jacob","doi":"10.5194/asr-17-9-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-17-9-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The goal of an interdisciplinary team of scientists at the Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) was to make the findings of the special report IPCC SR1.5 more accessible to the citizens of Hamburg. Therefore, a flyer was created that is understandable to non-climate scientists, visually attractive and generates interest. It contains up-to-date climate information, readily understandable texts and several graphical visualisations. The team has been working intensively on analysing and processing further the consequences of a 1.5 ∘ C global warming for the Hamburg metropolitan region. While the team's natural scientists elaborated the impacts on specific climate indices, other team members focused on the visualisation and communication of the results.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"26 10","pages":"9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72472023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.11648/J.SR.20200801.11
Dereje Girma, Lemma Wogi, Samuel Feyissa
Information about effects of different land use types on soil organic carbon stock is crucial for best land management practices and combating climate change and enhancing ecological restoration. The study was aimed to estimate the effect of land use types on soil organic carbon stock at sire morose sub watershed Hidbuabote district Ethiopia. Three land use types were selected from the sub watershed (Forest, grazing and cultivated land). Undisturbed core and disturbed composite soil samples were collected randomly from three sites with three replications from each land use type at two varying depths (0-20cm and 20-40cm) and subjected to laboratory soil analysis. Heterogeneity in soil C storage was observed across land use types and along soil depth due to disparity in spatial distribution of soil C densities arising from the influences of variations in land use types and management practices. Accordingly, the total mean values soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS) for forest land was 85.97Mg/ha, which was higher than that of grazing land (83.45Mg/ha) and the lowest being that of cultivated land (49.54Mg/ha). Moreover, the average CO2e sink was 315.51 Mg ha-1, 306.26 Mg ha-1 and 181.81Mg ha-1 in soil of the forest, grazing and cultivated land, respectively. Relatively the result shows potential contribution of forestland use types to enhance soil organic carbon stocks and environmental protection.
{"title":"Effect of Land use Types on Soil Organic Carbon Stock at Sire Morose Sub Watershed, Hidabu Abote District of North Shoa Zone, Central Highland of Ethiopia","authors":"Dereje Girma, Lemma Wogi, Samuel Feyissa","doi":"10.11648/J.SR.20200801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.SR.20200801.11","url":null,"abstract":"Information about effects of different land use types on soil organic carbon stock is crucial for best land management practices and combating climate change and enhancing ecological restoration. The study was aimed to estimate the effect of land use types on soil organic carbon stock at sire morose sub watershed Hidbuabote district Ethiopia. Three land use types were selected from the sub watershed (Forest, grazing and cultivated land). Undisturbed core and disturbed composite soil samples were collected randomly from three sites with three replications from each land use type at two varying depths (0-20cm and 20-40cm) and subjected to laboratory soil analysis. Heterogeneity in soil C storage was observed across land use types and along soil depth due to disparity in spatial distribution of soil C densities arising from the influences of variations in land use types and management practices. Accordingly, the total mean values soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS) for forest land was 85.97Mg/ha, which was higher than that of grazing land (83.45Mg/ha) and the lowest being that of cultivated land (49.54Mg/ha). Moreover, the average CO2e sink was 315.51 Mg ha-1, 306.26 Mg ha-1 and 181.81Mg ha-1 in soil of the forest, grazing and cultivated land, respectively. Relatively the result shows potential contribution of forestland use types to enhance soil organic carbon stocks and environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79277230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Precipitation in high-mountain regions is characterized by a strong heterogeneity due to complex interaction between atmospheric circulation and steep topography, however, extremely rare network of high elevation stations hampers the adequate high resolution regional climate modeling. In this study we present new data of precipitation directly measured in high-mountain catchment, on the continental glacier (East Sayan Range, south of East Siberia) during the summer periods of 2015–2017 using automatic weather station. The precipitation record was compared with near located weather stations and ERA Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Precipitation mode similar to the glacier site was found at the stations located west and northwest, while ERA Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data underestimated the precipitation by 40 % and 70 %, respectively. Atmospheric circulation patterns in days with precipitation were analyzed by using mean sea level pressure, geopotential height at 700 and 500 hPa and classification of macro scale atmospheric processes of the Northern Hemisphere by Dzerdzeevskii. Summer precipitation was mostly associated with meridional southern group of large scale circulation the Northern Hemisphere, while at synoptic scale it basically fell in cyclonic (49 % of precipitation) and low-gradient cyclonic (30 %) baric fields. Six typical atmospheric circulation patterns over the East Sayan were identified for days with precipitation. The sources and atmospheric moisture transfer to the glacier was defined by using the HYSPLIT trajectory model. The most of summer precipitation (70 %) was related with western cyclones, while about 25 % of rainfalls (mainly of moderate to strong intensity) was originated from the south-east (Pacific monsoon influence).
{"title":"Moisture sources and synoptic conditions of summer precipitation in the glacial zone of the East Sayan Range","authors":"E. Osipov, O. Osipova","doi":"10.5194/asr-17-1-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-17-1-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Precipitation in high-mountain regions is characterized by a strong heterogeneity due to complex interaction between atmospheric circulation and steep topography, however, extremely rare network of high elevation stations hampers the adequate high resolution regional climate modeling. In this study we present new data of precipitation directly measured in high-mountain catchment, on the continental glacier (East Sayan Range, south of East Siberia) during the summer periods of 2015–2017 using automatic weather station. The precipitation record was compared with near\u0000located weather stations and ERA Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data.\u0000Precipitation mode similar to the glacier site was found at the stations\u0000located west and northwest, while ERA Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data\u0000underestimated the precipitation by 40 % and 70 %, respectively. Atmospheric circulation patterns in days with precipitation were analyzed by using mean sea level pressure, geopotential height at 700 and 500 hPa and classification of macro scale atmospheric processes of the Northern\u0000Hemisphere by Dzerdzeevskii. Summer precipitation was mostly associated with meridional southern group of large scale circulation the Northern Hemisphere, while at synoptic scale it basically fell in cyclonic (49 %\u0000of precipitation) and low-gradient cyclonic (30 %) baric fields. Six\u0000typical atmospheric circulation patterns over the East Sayan were identified for days with precipitation. The sources and atmospheric moisture transfer to the glacier was defined by using the HYSPLIT trajectory model. The most of summer precipitation (70 %) was related with western cyclones, while about 25 % of rainfalls (mainly of moderate to strong intensity) was originated from the south-east (Pacific monsoon influence).","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89119759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lakatos, T. Weidinger, L. Hoffmann, Z. Bihari, Á. Horváth
Abstract. The Pannonian Basin Experiment (PannEx) is a Regional Hydroclimate Project (RHP) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy and Water Exchanges (GEWEX) Project. A gridded meteorological dataset is available for the PannEx region as part of the CarpatClim database, which consists of homogenized and harmonized daily meteorological observations for several climate parameters with 0.1 ∘ spatial resolution in the period of 1961–2010. The estimation of the Penman–Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) on the daily scale was performed for the CarpatClim grid as one of the first results in the PannEx initiative. This study compares the already accessible Thornthwaite estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET_Th) on the monthly scale to the newly derived Penman–Monteith estimates. The comparison is made on an annual and seasonal basis for the 50-year period. The distribution of both estimates is influenced by geographical location and orographic features. The annual time series are similar but the regional-average annual values of ET 0 are ∼80 mm greater than the Thornthwaite estimate in the whole CarpatClim region. The relative bias and root mean square error was computed as well. The classical Thornthwaite method underestimates the ET 0 by more than 20 % over extensive regions for selected grid points at elevations lower than 200 m in the Pannonian Basin. The slope of the fitted linear trend indicate increasing reference evapotranspiration in the Pannonian/Carpathian Basin due to climate change.
{"title":"Computation of daily Penman–Monteith reference evapotranspiration in the Carpathian Region and comparison with Thornthwaite estimates","authors":"M. Lakatos, T. Weidinger, L. Hoffmann, Z. Bihari, Á. Horváth","doi":"10.5194/asr-16-251-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-251-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Pannonian Basin Experiment (PannEx) is a Regional Hydroclimate Project (RHP) of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy and Water Exchanges (GEWEX) Project. A gridded meteorological dataset is available for the PannEx region as part of the CarpatClim database, which consists of homogenized and harmonized daily meteorological observations for several climate parameters with 0.1 ∘ spatial resolution in the period of 1961–2010. The estimation of the Penman–Monteith reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ) on the daily scale was performed for the CarpatClim grid as one of the first results in the PannEx initiative. This study compares the already accessible Thornthwaite estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET_Th) on the monthly scale to the newly derived Penman–Monteith estimates. The comparison is made on an annual and seasonal basis for the 50-year period. The distribution of both estimates is influenced by geographical location and orographic features. The annual time series are similar but the regional-average annual values of ET 0 are ∼80 mm greater than the Thornthwaite estimate in the whole CarpatClim region. The relative bias and root mean square error was\u0000computed as well. The classical Thornthwaite method underestimates the ET 0 by more than 20 % over extensive regions for selected grid points at elevations lower than 200 m in the Pannonian Basin. The slope of the fitted linear trend indicate increasing reference evapotranspiration in the Pannonian/Carpathian Basin due to climate change.","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"102 3 1","pages":"251-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72719606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharina Bülow, H. Huebener, K. Keuler, C. Menz, S. Pfeifer, H. Ramthun, A. Spekat, C. Steger, C. Teichmann, K. Warrach‐Sagi
Abstract. In the German regional climate modeling project ReKliEs-De the existing EURO-CORDEX simulations have been systematically complemented by new simulations to derive more robust ranges of possible future climate change. The focus of the project lay on user tailored results, which are required for the planning of measures to adapt to the changing climate. Changes in temperature and precipitation indices are calculated from a multi model ensemble for the end of the 21st century. The results for the mitigation scenario RCP2.6 are compared to the results of the “business as usual” scenario RCP8.5. Averaged over Germany the increase of mean annual temperature and of the number of summer days will be around 3 times higher for RCP8.5 than for RCP2.6. In summer, the increase of dry days could be twice as high in RCP8.5 compared to RCP2.6.
{"title":"User tailored results of a regional climate model ensemble to plan adaption to the changing climate in Germany","authors":"Katharina Bülow, H. Huebener, K. Keuler, C. Menz, S. Pfeifer, H. Ramthun, A. Spekat, C. Steger, C. Teichmann, K. Warrach‐Sagi","doi":"10.5194/asr-16-241-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-241-2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the German regional climate modeling project ReKliEs-De the existing\u0000EURO-CORDEX simulations have been systematically complemented by new\u0000simulations to derive more robust ranges of possible future climate change.\u0000The focus of the project lay on user tailored results, which are required\u0000for the planning of measures to adapt to the changing climate. Changes in\u0000temperature and precipitation indices are calculated from a multi model\u0000ensemble for the end of the 21st century. The results for the\u0000mitigation scenario RCP2.6 are compared to the results of the “business as\u0000usual” scenario RCP8.5. Averaged over Germany the increase of mean annual\u0000temperature and of the number of summer days will be around 3 times higher\u0000for RCP8.5 than for RCP2.6. In summer, the increase of dry days could be\u0000twice as high in RCP8.5 compared to RCP2.6.\u0000","PeriodicalId":30081,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Science and Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87648401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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