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Genetic hauntings: Mediating pre-patienthood and haunted health on TV 基因困扰:调解孕前和电视上的健康困扰
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.133908
Ann-Katrine Schmidt Nielsen, C. Stage
Through the development of a “health hauntological” approach, this article investigates how pre-patient illness narratives are mediated and negotiated in and around the DR documentary series Gentesten ændrede mit liv (2020) [The gene test changed my life]. We argue that this documentary format attests to how the expansion of genetic testing technologies alters experiences, genres, and narratives of illness that increasingly move to a pre-diagnostic and pre-symptomatic domain. The analysis shows how the use of genetic testing technologies creates hauntological situations in which pre-patients – through the mapping of family pathologies of the past and possible future diagnoses – encounter the complex temporalities and entanglements inherent to genetic bonds. Furthermore, we claim that these haunting encounters with mortality, vulnerability, and potential loss can be acted on – or listened to – in various responsive ways. Mediating pre-patient illness narratives thus entails an ethical balancing between care for participants and the desire for tellable, transformational narratives.
通过“健康鬼魂”方法的发展,本文研究了DR纪录片系列Gentesten ændrede mit liv(2020)[基因测试改变了我的生活]中患者前疾病叙述是如何被调解和协商的。我们认为,这种纪录片的形式证明了基因检测技术的发展如何改变了疾病的经历、类型和叙述,这些经历、类型和叙述越来越多地转向了诊断前和症状前领域。分析显示了基因检测技术的使用是如何创造出鬼魂病的情况的,在这种情况下,通过绘制过去和可能的未来诊断的家庭病理图,病人会遇到遗传纽带固有的复杂的时间性和纠缠。此外,我们声称,这些与死亡、脆弱性和潜在损失的缠缠绵绵的遭遇可以以各种响应方式采取行动或倾听。因此,调解病人患病前的叙述需要在对参与者的照顾和对可诉说的、变革性叙述的渴望之间取得伦理平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Datafied female health: Sociotechnical imaginaries of femtech in Danish public discourse 数据化的女性健康:丹麦公共话语中女性技术的社会技术想象
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.133900
S. Dahlman, S. Just, Linea Munk Petersen, Prins Marcus Valiant Lantz, Nanna Würtz Kristiansen
The digitalization of health promises individual empowerment while raising the threat of collective surveillance. Conceptualizing these threats and promises as sociotechnical imaginaries, we explore how issues of datafied female health are articulated in Danish public discourse. Empirically, we work with a large data set of Danish news media coverage of algorithmic technologies in the past 10 years (2011–2021). We locate coverage of female-oriented health technologies (or femtech) by using the data sprint methodology to track the emergence of such technologies as a topic of public concern. Across the data, we identify two broad sociotechnical imaginaries: one zooming in on individual uses of femtech, the other focusing on the collective benefits of public health initiatives. We conclude that sociotechnical imaginaries of femtech are increasingly entangled in everyday life, making female bodies knowable through algorithms and data. As such, female health becomes subject to instrumental rationality, not lived reality.
健康的数字化承诺赋予个人权力,同时也增加了集体监视的威胁。将这些威胁和承诺概念化为社会技术想象,我们探讨了丹麦公共话语中如何阐述数据化的女性健康问题。在经验上,我们使用了过去10年(2011-2021年)丹麦新闻媒体对算法技术报道的大型数据集。我们通过使用数据冲刺方法来追踪作为公众关注主题的面向女性的卫生技术(或femtech)的出现,从而确定其覆盖范围。通过这些数据,我们确定了两种广泛的社会技术想象:一种是放大femtech的个人使用,另一种是关注公共卫生倡议的集体利益。我们的结论是,femtech的社会技术想象越来越多地与日常生活纠缠在一起,使女性身体通过算法和数据可知。因此,女性健康成为工具理性的对象,而不是生活现实的对象。
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引用次数: 0
Communicating health advice on social media: A multimodal case study 在社交媒体上传播健康建议:一个多模式案例研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.134085
Martin Engebretsen
Social media represent new arenas for health communication. Platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok provide unique opportunities for health workers to build understanding, engagement, and trust among a broad and young audience. At the same time, such platforms demand of health workers a careful balance between social closeness and professional distance. The article is based on a case study in which the award-winning Norwegian psychologist Maria Abrahamsen’s practice of health communication on Instagram is studied through the lens of multimodal discourse analysis. Following a bottom-up method, the study starts with a close reading of a single Instagram post, where video and written verbal text interact closely. The entire account is then studied as a complex case of mediated health communication. Conclusively, after a discussion of genre implications, the article suggests possible solutions to key challenges concerning the followers’ engagement and trust.
社交媒体是卫生传播的新领域。YouTube、Instagram、Snapchat和TikTok等平台为卫生工作者在广大年轻受众中建立理解、参与和信任提供了独特的机会。与此同时,这种平台要求卫生工作者在社会亲密性和专业距离之间取得谨慎的平衡。本文基于一个案例研究,通过多模态话语分析的视角,研究获奖的挪威心理学家Maria Abrahamsen在Instagram上的健康传播实践。该研究采用自下而上的方法,首先仔细阅读一条Instagram帖子,其中视频和书面口头文本密切互动。然后将整个帐户作为中介健康沟通的复杂案例进行研究。最后,在讨论了类型含义之后,本文提出了关于追随者参与和信任的关键挑战的可能解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
#strokesurvivor on Instagram: Conjunctive experiences of adapting to disability # Instagram上的中风幸存者:适应残疾的共同经历
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.132468
Mia Schreiber
This study investigates practices of sharing the experience of stroke on Instagram through use of the hashtag #strokesurvivor. The hashtag brings together people from different cultural backgrounds and professions and those who experience different kinds of healthcare and varying degrees of physical or cognitive impairment. Through a digital ethnography of #strokesurvivor, the conjunctive experiences and communicative practices of the community are reconstructed. Instagram enables specific forms of sociality and sharing, like long-term visual storytelling and influencer dynamics. Adapting to a transformed body and identity is perceived and practiced as a conjunctive experience and a struggle. A strong orientation towards a “normal life” is a recurring theme. Mourning and perseverance are put forward as two modes of coping with and adapting to a transforming body and self.
这项研究调查了在Instagram上通过使用#中风幸存者标签分享中风经历的做法。这个标签将来自不同文化背景和职业的人聚集在一起,这些人经历了不同类型的医疗保健,有不同程度的身体或认知障碍。通过#中风幸存者#的数字民族志,重建了社区的联合经验和交流实践。Instagram支持特定形式的社交和分享,比如长期的视觉叙事和影响者动态。适应一个转变的身体和身份被视为一种结合的经验和斗争。对“正常生活”的强烈取向是一个反复出现的主题。默哀和坚持是对身体和自我转变的两种应对和适应方式。
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引用次数: 1
Ageing with apps: A Foucauldian study exploring older people’s use of apps in managing their physical health 随着应用程序的衰老:一项傅柯式研究探索了老年人使用应用程序来管理他们的身体健康
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.132346
Martin Bavngaard
This article explores the incorporation of mobile applications in older people’s physical health management through the lens of Foucault’s concepts on self-governance. Based on ten interviews with older Danes, the article posits that physical health management practices constitute practices of self-governance, involving participants’ attunement to both physical activity and bodily phenomena, which are both facilitated and optimized through app-based self-tracking. The findings align the rationales driving participants’ efforts with the trajectory of the governmental concept of active ageing. Using apps thus becomes intertwined with participants’ efforts towards ageing successfully, consequently taking on a dual function: Apps strengthen the adherence to norms of conduct for achieving an optimal ageing process by allowing for ubiquitous self-monitoring and self-assessment. Simultaneously, I argue that apps may also act as a gatekeeper, as lacking the technical competencies to efficiently use apps hinders effective health management and thus clashes with efforts conforming to active ageing.
本文从福柯的自我管理理念出发,探讨了移动应用在老年人身体健康管理中的应用。基于对10位丹麦老年人的采访,文章认为身体健康管理实践构成了自我管理的实践,涉及参与者对身体活动和身体现象的调节,通过基于应用程序的自我跟踪来促进和优化。研究结果将推动参与者努力的基本原理与政府“积极老龄化”概念的轨迹相一致。因此,使用应用程序与参与者成功衰老的努力交织在一起,因此具有双重功能:应用程序通过允许无处不在的自我监控和自我评估,加强对行为规范的遵守,以实现最佳的衰老过程。同时,我认为应用程序也可以起到看门人的作用,因为缺乏有效使用应用程序的技术能力会阻碍有效的健康管理,从而与符合积极老龄化的努力相冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Data sense-making and communicative gaps on sundhed.dk sundhed.dk上的数据理解和沟通差距
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.132370
M. Mahnke, M. Petersen, Mikka Nielsen
This paper examines personal experiences of digital health data on the Danish eHealth platform sundhed.dk. Taking a patient’s view, the paper understands data sense-making as an embodied communicative practice. The empirical analysis, consisting of 24 purposefully sampled interviews, is brought together with the conceptual framework describing and unpacking the ambivalences to be found in digital health data experiences into themes of data ambivalence, emotional ambivalence, communicative ambivalence and identity ambivalence. This in-depth empirical description of patients’ ambivalent experiences contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the profound changes digital health data is having on a patients’ everyday lives. In particular, it emphasizes the communicative challenges arising from the constant availability of digital health data anytime, anywhere, and calls for further research into the new and unfamiliar communicative situations in which patients are placed and forced to navigate in.
本文考察了丹麦电子健康平台sundhed.dk上的数字健康数据的个人体验。从患者的角度出发,本文将数据意义构建理解为一种具体的交际实践。实证分析由24个有目的的抽样访谈组成,与概念框架结合在一起,描述和解开数字健康数据体验中发现的矛盾心理,分为数据矛盾心理、情感矛盾心理、沟通矛盾心理和身份矛盾心理。这种对患者矛盾体验的深入实证描述有助于更细致地理解数字健康数据对患者日常生活产生的深刻变化。特别是,它强调了随时随地持续可用的数字健康数据所带来的沟通挑战,并呼吁进一步研究患者所处并被迫导航的新的和不熟悉的沟通环境。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: The entanglements of media and health in everyday life 导读:日常生活中媒介与健康的纠缠
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.136096
Anette Grønning, H. Sandberg
Just as the title above suggests, it is difficult to address health issues without considering the role of the media and everyday life; the time and space when health is produced and cared for or put at risk and exposed. In the introduction to this special issue, ‘Media and health in everyday life’, we will discuss the three components of the theme. We will offer some definitions, but also problematise the conceptual underpinnings and highlight the intertwinement of the three. We set off by reflecting on health. Then we will engage with ideas around the notion of everyday life. In the final section, we add the component of the media before we present and summarise the nine contributions to the special issue and clarify to what extent they add to our understanding of the theme.
正如标题所示,如果不考虑媒体和日常生活的作用,就很难解决健康问题;生产和照顾健康或面临风险和暴露的时间和空间。在本期特刊“日常生活中的媒体与健康”的导言中,我们将讨论主题的三个组成部分。我们将提供一些定义,但也会对概念基础提出问题,并强调三者之间的相互关系。我们从健康问题出发。然后我们会讨论日常生活的概念。在最后一节中,我们添加了媒体的组成部分,然后我们提出并总结了特刊的九项贡献,并澄清了它们在多大程度上增加了我们对主题的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Reconfigurations of illness and masculinity on Instagram 在Instagram上重新配置疾病和男子气概
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.133885
Mie Birk Jensen, Karen Hvidtfeldt
In this paper, we explore how men’s experiences of living with illness are mediatized on Instagram, thus understanding social media platforms as “sociotechnical affordances” that support and modulate how everyday lives are lived (Paasonen, 2018). The article zooms in on four Danish Instagram profiles (with approximately 2,000 followers each) that centre on experiences of living with different diagnoses, including morbus chrohn, hip dysplasia, chronic pain, and mental illness. By applying the concepts “biological entrepreneurship” (Stage, 2017), “bodywork”, and “spornosexuality” (Hakim, 2019), we examine how masculinity becomes reconfigured as a resource, rather than an opposition to health. The content on Instagram emerges as entrepreneurial by extending the body: Situated within the larger framework of the profiles’ content and their place in the platform economy of attention, illness is transformed into a narrative and an affective source, whether on the politics of gender, visibility of illness, monetary gain, or self-help.
在本文中,我们探讨了男性与疾病共存的经历如何在Instagram上被调解,从而将社交媒体平台理解为支持和调节日常生活方式的“社会技术支持”(Paasonen, 2018)。这篇文章放大了四个丹麦人的Instagram简介(每个简介大约有2000名粉丝),这些简介以不同诊断的生活经历为中心,包括坏疽、髋关节发育不良、慢性疼痛和精神疾病。通过应用“生物创业”(Stage, 2017)、“身体”和“运动性”(Hakim, 2019)等概念,我们研究了男性气概如何被重新配置为一种资源,而不是健康的对立面。Instagram上的内容通过扩展身体而成为企业家:在个人资料内容的更大框架内,以及它们在关注平台经济中的地位,疾病被转化为一种叙事和情感来源,无论是关于性别政治、疾病的可见性、金钱收益还是自助。
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引用次数: 0
The Philadelphia Syndrome, or an insurmountable cultural trauma: Outdated mainstream visual representations of HIV in times of undetectability 费城综合症,或不可逾越的文化创伤:在无法检测到的时代,过时的主流艾滋病视觉表现
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v39i74.132466
Sergio Villanueva Baselga
In 1981, the first case of AIDS was diagnosed in the US. Almost forty years later, the biomedical situation of people living with HIV (PLWH) in Western countries has significantly improved, and today, PLWH have a normal lifespan with few physical comorbidities. Nevertheless, current media representations of HIV do not seem to have moved past the AIDS epidemic of the 1990s. The film Philadelphia, directed by Jonathan Deeme in 1993, has had a huge cultural impact in how society perceives HIV, and many contemporary films and fiction series portraying HIV still represent the condition in the same narrative terms. This analysis sets out to define what could be referred to as the Philadelphia Syndrome, a concept intended to describe the outdated, nostalgic representations of HIV in mainstream cultural productions in the last decade, a period marked in biomedical terms by the success of antiretroviral drugs, chronification, the importance of undetectability, and the increasingly widespread use of the prophylaxis pre-exposition (PrEP). By analyzing ten mainstream blockbuster films and fiction series produced from 2013 to 2022, this study examines the main characteristics of the Philadelphia Syndrome: nostalgia and melodramatic use of the 1980s and 1990s, high stigmatization of gay sexualities, and a neglect of women with HIV.
1981年,美国确诊了第一例艾滋病。近四十年后,西方国家艾滋病毒感染者(PLWH)的生物医学状况有了显著改善,今天,PLWH的寿命正常,很少有身体合并症。然而,目前媒体对艾滋病毒的报道似乎并没有超越1990年代的艾滋病流行。1993年由乔纳森·迪姆执导的电影《费城》对社会如何看待艾滋病产生了巨大的文化影响,许多当代电影和小说系列仍然以同样的叙事方式描绘艾滋病。这一分析旨在定义所谓的费城综合症,这个概念旨在描述过去十年中主流文化产品中过时的、怀旧的艾滋病毒代表,这一时期在生物医学术语中以抗逆转录病毒药物的成功、慢性化、不可检测性的重要性以及暴露前预防(PrEP)的日益广泛使用为标志。通过分析2013年至2022年制作的10部主流大片和小说系列,本研究考察了费城综合症的主要特征:对20世纪80年代和90年代的怀旧和戏剧性使用,对同性恋性行为的高度污名化,以及对艾滋病毒感染女性的忽视。
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引用次数: 0
Reporting like there was no pandemic 像没有大流行一样报道
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-08 DOI: 10.7146/mk.v38i73.128154
Maarit Jaakkola
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused both a widespread public health crisis and a global economic crisis, disrupting every aspect of our lives, health, education, jobs, and social life. To provide the public with trustworthy and continuously updated information and stories during uncertain times, newsrooms have made pandemic coverage a priority. Conducting a content analysis of Norwegian news and debate programs on radio and television throughout 2020, we found that the frames most dominant in news broadcasts were the least used frames in debate programs, and vice versa. Overall, the five most common frames were societal consequences, economic consequences, medical risk, government measures, social behaviour, and risk. This suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic was contextualized as an economic and social crisis as well as a health crisis. However, the lack of politicization, conflict and responsibility frames, suggests media coverage missed a critical perspective.
新冠肺炎大流行引发了广泛的公共卫生危机和全球经济危机,扰乱了我们生活、健康、教育、就业和社会生活的方方面面。为了在不确定时期向公众提供可靠和不断更新的信息和故事,新闻编辑室将大流行报道作为优先事项。我们对2020年挪威广播和电视新闻和辩论节目进行了内容分析,发现新闻广播中最主要的框架是辩论节目中使用最少的框架,反之亦然。总的来说,五个最常见的框架是社会后果、经济后果、医疗风险、政府措施、社会行为和风险。这表明,新冠肺炎大流行不仅是一场健康危机,也是一场经济和社会危机。然而,缺乏政治化,冲突和责任框架,表明媒体报道错过了一个关键的角度。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
MedieKultur Journal of Media and Communication Research
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