Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.6277
Carla Villalta, Soledad Gesteira
This article analyzes the social and institutional frames in which the «practices of coercive circulation of children» and the meanings that currently surround them were established. From the reconstruction of a case, that happened in 1976 in a spot of the Argentine Patagonia but only known in 2015, we are interested in problematizing the mechanisms that made possible the practices of forced transfer of children and their concealment over time. At the same time, we analyze the construction of a particular grid of intelligibility based on the right to identity as well as on the new meanings assigned to children. This grid, which allowed a suspicion to become first a public denunciation and later a judicial cause, was built using a categorical, institutional and activist repertoire related to human rights in Argentina that conferred specific local senses on the rights of children and girls
{"title":"Prácticas de circulación coactiva de niños y niñas en la Argentina. Tramas institucionales, jerarquías sociales y derechos","authors":"Carla Villalta, Soledad Gesteira","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.6277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.6277","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the social and institutional frames in which the «practices of coercive circulation of children» and the meanings that currently surround them were established. From the reconstruction of a case, that happened in 1976 in a spot of the Argentine Patagonia but only known in 2015, we are interested in problematizing the mechanisms that made possible the practices of forced transfer of children and their concealment over time. At the same time, we analyze the construction of a particular grid of intelligibility based on the right to identity as well as on the new meanings assigned to children. This grid, which allowed a suspicion to become first a public denunciation and later a judicial cause, was built using a categorical, institutional and activist repertoire related to human rights in Argentina that conferred specific local senses on the rights of children and girls","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"149-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45966169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-11DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.6259
A. Oliveira, Driéli Vieira
In the present article we aim to analyze the way in which the relationship between indigenous and non-indigenous people, mediated by the “problem of children”, was constituted for the construction of institutional and ethnic logics of care to the situations related to work, education, family conviviality, and, mainly, to the disputes over the meanings of the Kaingang childhood and person in the context of the city of Maringa, in the state of Parana, Brazil. It is a work that uses the case study method to problematize certain scenes of the history experienced by the Kaingang people, and particularly by the families of Ivai Indigenous Land, in the seasonal migration and stay in the urban space for the sale of handicrafts, which generated different logics of production of discourses and actions based on the agency of ethnic identity and culture in articulation, or not, with indigenous rights and interculturality.
{"title":"Crianças Kaingang e as lógicas institucionais e étnicas de atendimento na cidade de Maringá, Brasil","authors":"A. Oliveira, Driéli Vieira","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.6259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.6259","url":null,"abstract":"In the present article we aim to analyze the way in which the relationship between indigenous and non-indigenous people, mediated by the “problem of children”, was constituted for the construction of institutional and ethnic logics of care to the situations related to work, education, family conviviality, and, mainly, to the disputes over the meanings of the Kaingang childhood and person in the context of the city of Maringa, in the state of Parana, Brazil. It is a work that uses the case study method to problematize certain scenes of the history experienced by the Kaingang people, and particularly by the families of Ivai Indigenous Land, in the seasonal migration and stay in the urban space for the sale of handicrafts, which generated different logics of production of discourses and actions based on the agency of ethnic identity and culture in articulation, or not, with indigenous rights and interculturality.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"203-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44847650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.6264
María Celeste Hernández
A partir de un análisis etnográfico de la espacialidad de niñas y niños que viven en condiciones de pobreza en un barrio periférico de La Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, este artículo construye una cartografía de cuidados. Se trata de una representación que muestra la geografía barrial desde los modos concretos en que se organiza el cuidado infantil, al tiempo que permite reflexionar sobre las múltiples prácticas, actores y sentidos que, al cuidar, modelan las experiencias de niñez. Trazada desde posiciones desfavorecidas en la relación de desigualdad social, esta cartografía permite ahondar en las específicas maneras en que sociedad y Estado se atraviesan en el cuidado, así como visibilizar la participación de niñas y niños en un entramado donde ellas y ellos también cuidan.
{"title":"Experiencias de niñez en la pobreza. Una cartografía de cuidados","authors":"María Celeste Hernández","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.6264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.6264","url":null,"abstract":"A partir de un análisis etnográfico de la espacialidad de niñas y niños que viven en condiciones de pobreza en un barrio periférico de La Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, este artículo construye una cartografía de cuidados. Se trata de una representación que muestra la geografía barrial desde los modos concretos en que se organiza el cuidado infantil, al tiempo que permite reflexionar sobre las múltiples prácticas, actores y sentidos que, al cuidar, modelan las experiencias de niñez. Trazada desde posiciones desfavorecidas en la relación de desigualdad social, esta cartografía permite ahondar en las específicas maneras en que sociedad y Estado se atraviesan en el cuidado, así como visibilizar la participación de niñas y niños en un entramado donde ellas y ellos también cuidan.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69795142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.6034
Soledad Rojas Novoa
My aim in this article is to demonstrate the centrality of ideas of development and progress in articulating the social imaginaries that were paramount to conceptions of childhood in the Americas during the 20-century. I will discuss, through a historically-minded socio-anthropological lens, the emergence of childhood as a social problem in the Americas, taking the trajectory of the Inter-American Children’s Institute between 1916 and 1989 as my case-study. My argument is that the Institute and the ideologies of development and progress have strongly supported each other, as part of a process of mutual constitution that is itself an important element in the production of a widespread concern over childhood in the period.
{"title":"Entre progreso y desarrollo La protección de la infancia en el imaginario interamericano del siglo XX","authors":"Soledad Rojas Novoa","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.6034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.6034","url":null,"abstract":"My aim in this article is to demonstrate the centrality of ideas of development and progress in articulating the social imaginaries that were paramount to conceptions of childhood in the Americas during the 20-century. I will discuss, through a historically-minded socio-anthropological lens, the emergence of childhood as a social problem in the Americas, taking the trajectory of the Inter-American Children’s Institute between 1916 and 1989 as my case-study. My argument is that the Institute and the ideologies of development and progress have strongly supported each other, as part of a process of mutual constitution that is itself an important element in the production of a widespread concern over childhood in the period.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"221-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48311904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.34096/RUNA.V40I2.6263
V. Ponte
This article is born from a doctoral research, whose focus is on the production of the body image of children in the age group between 6 and 12 years, belonging to different social and economic realities, attending beauty salons in the Federal District. It is an ethnography, with an anthropological approach of childhood, from an intersectional perspective with social markers of difference, such as class and race. I will present data that shows the recurrence of children attending salons watching videos on YouTube, which are performed by other children who produce the embellishment of their body images (make-up, haircuts, ornaments). Based on the analysis of children’s dialogues in these videos, we will seek to reflect how these audiovisual contents reverberate in the processes of production of their self-images and subjectivities. The article invites you to think about how the children protagonists and spectators of the videos, are, at all times, negotiating and being crossed by an aesthetic and cosmetic market every day more globalized.
{"title":"Embelezamento, mídia e construção do corpo em narrativas de crianças","authors":"V. Ponte","doi":"10.34096/RUNA.V40I2.6263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/RUNA.V40I2.6263","url":null,"abstract":"This article is born from a doctoral research, whose focus is on the production of the body image of children in the age group between 6 and 12 years, belonging to different social and economic realities, attending beauty salons in the Federal District. It is an ethnography, with an anthropological approach of childhood, from an intersectional perspective with social markers of difference, such as class and race. I will present data that shows the recurrence of children attending salons watching videos on YouTube, which are performed by other children who produce the embellishment of their body images (make-up, haircuts, ornaments). Based on the analysis of children’s dialogues in these videos, we will seek to reflect how these audiovisual contents reverberate in the processes of production of their self-images and subjectivities. The article invites you to think about how the children protagonists and spectators of the videos, are, at all times, negotiating and being crossed by an aesthetic and cosmetic market every day more globalized.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"131-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-10DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.5824
Sara Regina Munhoz
I propose to discuss assistance practices to adolescent offenders who comply socio-educative measures within an open regime in a peripheral region of Sao Paulo. In this study, I describe the power relations and knowledges that set fluid definitions of adolescence and resocialization in that specific context. Therefore, I stand with the responsible team for serving the juvenile and informing the judges, functioning as bridges between the adolescents and the judiciary. The elaboration of individualized assistance plans is demanded from this team, aiming to avoid that the passage of juveniles through the socio-educational system massify them as the penitentiary would. The documents produced in the center manifest the tenuous equilibrium between massification and individualization. When scaffolding assistance, these papers also produce circumstantial statements that define adolescents, their rights and their obligations.
{"title":"Registros de una libertad vigilada. La construcción documental de la adolescencia infractora en las medidas socioeducativas en medio abierto","authors":"Sara Regina Munhoz","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.5824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.5824","url":null,"abstract":"I propose to discuss assistance practices to adolescent offenders who comply socio-educative measures within an open regime in a peripheral region of Sao Paulo. In this study, I describe the power relations and knowledges that set fluid definitions of adolescence and resocialization in that specific context. Therefore, I stand with the responsible team for serving the juvenile and informing the judges, functioning as bridges between the adolescents and the judiciary. The elaboration of individualized assistance plans is demanded from this team, aiming to avoid that the passage of juveniles through the socio-educational system massify them as the penitentiary would. The documents produced in the center manifest the tenuous equilibrium between massification and individualization. When scaffolding assistance, these papers also produce circumstantial statements that define adolescents, their rights and their obligations.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45935232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-08DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.6269
Fernanda Cruz Rifiotis, Theophilos Rifiotis
This is an analysis of the practices of the Tutelary Council (TC) as a technology of government, from long-term ethnographic research (2005-2007 and 2010-2014) carried out with young women who “left” foster care (care-leavers), in southern Brazil. The ethnographic work allows us to think that the TC operates from an “agonistic relation” between protection/care and control/surveillance and constitutes an articulating axis of experiences of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization, acting as the central figure of intervention in the families these young women come from, and later on, in the ones they will start. At times, these young women place their expectations and the longing for change in their lives upon the figure of the TC; at other times, their frustrations and discontent over changes in relationships and family ties. In short, TC acts as a producer of subjects, who in turn resist and subvert its functions when interacting with it.
{"title":"Consejo Tutelar como tecnología de gobierno. Relaciones agonistas entre protección y vigilância","authors":"Fernanda Cruz Rifiotis, Theophilos Rifiotis","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.6269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.6269","url":null,"abstract":"This is an analysis of the practices of the Tutelary Council (TC) as a technology of government, from long-term ethnographic research (2005-2007 and 2010-2014) carried out with young women who “left” foster care (care-leavers), in southern Brazil. The ethnographic work allows us to think that the TC operates from an “agonistic relation” between protection/care and control/surveillance and constitutes an articulating axis of experiences of institutionalization and deinstitutionalization, acting as the central figure of intervention in the families these young women come from, and later on, in the ones they will start. At times, these young women place their expectations and the longing for change in their lives upon the figure of the TC; at other times, their frustrations and discontent over changes in relationships and family ties. In short, TC acts as a producer of subjects, who in turn resist and subvert its functions when interacting with it.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"239-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44173663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.5503
C. Remorini, L. Teves, M. L. Palermo, Analía Jacob, Pilar Desperés
In this paper, we ethnographically analyze the participation of children from rural communities of Salta in domestic activities and the abilities they develop during their participation. Through interviews with their caregivers, we identified the ways in which they characterize children’s behaviors, dispositions, abilities, and preferences. Furthermore, it was possible to establish what kind of activities are appropriate, how are they assigned and learned to be carried out by children, and what sort of care they required. Also, we were able to establish how these considerations could stimulate or limit children participation in subsistence activities. Children’s contributions are valued as part of the reciprocity relationships that are on the basis of social organization for productive, raising and caring activities at domestic scale. Abilities they develop during their participation in the domestic economy are key to the maintenance of life strategies based on the management of local resources, even when transformations at local and regional scale are registered.
{"title":"Acerca de la participación de niños y niñas en actividades de subsistencia Estudio etnográfico en unidades domésticas rurales de Salta (Argentina)","authors":"C. Remorini, L. Teves, M. L. Palermo, Analía Jacob, Pilar Desperés","doi":"10.34096/runa.v40i2.5503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34096/runa.v40i2.5503","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we ethnographically analyze the participation of children from rural communities of Salta in domestic activities and the abilities they develop during their participation. Through interviews with their caregivers, we identified the ways in which they characterize children’s behaviors, dispositions, abilities, and preferences. Furthermore, it was possible to establish what kind of activities are appropriate, how are they assigned and learned to be carried out by children, and what sort of care they required. Also, we were able to establish how these considerations could stimulate or limit children participation in subsistence activities. Children’s contributions are valued as part of the reciprocity relationships that are on the basis of social organization for productive, raising and caring activities at domestic scale. Abilities they develop during their participation in the domestic economy are key to the maintenance of life strategies based on the management of local resources, even when transformations at local and regional scale are registered.","PeriodicalId":30160,"journal":{"name":"Runa","volume":"40 1","pages":"293-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47273882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.34096/runa.v40i2.7111
Lucia Rabello de Castro, Paula Pimentel Tumolo
espanolEn ese articulo analizamos de que modo, en un contexto escolar de muchas adversidades, se construyen alianzas y pactos entre profesores y alumnos frente a la demanda de los objetivos institucionales de la escuela. Interrogamos cuales serian las apuestas que una profesora y un grupo de alumnos hacen en el sentido de cambiar el cuadro de apatia e inercia de un cotidiano escolar que frustra las expectativas y los conduce a, simplemente, adaptarse a un contexto que les parece sin solucion. Proponemos a pensar la mediacion de la transmision como un dispositivo de reinvencion de lazos entre profesores y alumnos. Este estudio busca analizar esas cuestiones en el microcosmos de la clase de alumnos en una escuela publica de Rio de Janeiro luego de un periodo de inmersion en la escuela que posibilito la intervencion de los investigadores en una disciplina por medio de una colaboracion entre la profesora, las investigadoras y los alumnos. portuguesNeste artigo analisamos de que modo, em um contexto escolar de muitas adversidades, se constroem aliancas e pactos entre professores e alunos frente a demanda dos objetivos institucionais da escola. Interrogamos quais seriam as apostas que uma professora e um grupo de estudantes fazem no sentido de alterar o quadro de apatia e inercia frente a um cotidiano escolar que frustra as expectativas e os conduz a simplesmente se adaptarem a um contexto que parece sem solucao. Propomos pensar a mediacao da transmissao como um dispositivo para a reinvencao do laco entre professores e alunos. O estudo busca analisar estas questoes a partir de um enfoque no microcosmo da sala de aula em uma escola publica do Rio de Janeiro apos um longo tempo de imersao na escola que possibilitou a intervencao das pesquisadoras em uma disciplina ofertada ao longo de um semestre, em uma parceria colaborativa entre a professora, pesquisadoras e alunos. EnglishIn this paper we analyse how, in a school context with many adversities, partnerships and pacts between teachers and students are constructed in order to respond to the institutional objectives of the school. We interrogate what kind of engagements are possible for a teacher and a group of students in order for them to change the conditions of apathy and inertia of the school routine which lets down their expectations and leads them to an adapt to a situation which seems hopeless. We propose to think about the mediation of transmission as a dispositif to reinvent social ties between teachers and pupils. This study seeks to analyse these questions in the microcosm of the classroom of a state school in Rio de Janeiro after a period of immersion in the school which allowed a research intervention in a syllabus course in a sort of collaborative activity between teacher, researchers and students.
在这篇文章中，我们分析了在许多逆境的学校背景下，教师和学生之间如何建立联盟和协议，以满足学校机构目标的需求。我们想知道一个老师和一群学生会做出什么赌注来改变学校日常生活中的冷漠和惰性的画面，这种画面挫败了期望，导致他们简单地适应一个似乎无法解决的环境。我们建议将传播媒介视为一种重新创造师生关系的手段。这项研究试图分析这些问题的缩影班学生在学校张贴一段时间之后里约热内卢inmersion课堂上学到posibilito诺研究者在一门学科通过colaboracion教授、研究学者和学生之间。在这篇文章中，我们分析了在许多逆境的学校背景下，教师和学生之间如何建立联盟和协议，以满足学校制度目标的需求。我们想知道，教师和一群学生会做出什么赌注，以改变冷漠和惰性的框架，面对日常学校生活，挫败期望，并导致他们只是适应一个似乎没有解决方案的环境。我们建议将传播的中介视为教师和学生之间重新创造laco的一种手段。或estudo寻找起analisar这些questoes嗯方法没有缩影房间就在教室uma escola公布do里约热内卢apos um longo时点imersao na escola possibilitou要给intervencao pesquisadoras洪都拉斯纪律欢迎ao longo um学期乌玛为了他们之间的协作professora、pesquisadoras alunos。在这篇论文中，我们分析了在许多逆境的学校背景下，教师和学生之间的伙伴关系和协议是如何建立的，以响应学校的制度目标。我们询问，一个教师和一群学生可以作出什么样的承诺，以改变学校日常生活的冷漠和惰性，从而降低他们的期望，使他们适应似乎无望的情况。我们建议将传播的中介作为一种手段来重新创造教师和学生之间的社会联系。本研究试图在里约热内卢里约热内卢的一所公立学校的课堂微观世界中分析这些问题，经过一段时间的学校沉浸，允许在教师、研究人员和学生之间的一系列合作活动中对课程进行研究干预。
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Pub Date : 2016-12-01DOI: 10.34096/RUNA.V37I2.2626
Alejandra Ramos, C. Chiappe
En el ano 2016 la Dra. Ana Maria Lorandi cumplio ochenta anos de vida, mas de cincuenta de los cuales han sido dedicados a la practica investigativa. El presente la encuentra tan activa como siempre, trabajando en nuevos proyectos y acompanando a las nuevas generaciones de antropologos interesados en la Etnohistoria. Al escribir este articulo hemos pensado en homenajearla examinando sus aportes por medio de tres formas de accion que llevo a cabo destacadamente: insercion en redes transnacionales, promocion de temas de investigacion y gestion institucional. A lo largo de los apartados nos hemos propuesto recuperar su voz, intentando incorporar su vision sobre la historia de un desarrollo cientifico en el cual le ha cabido un papel fundamental.
2016年，Ana Maria Lorandi博士将迎来80岁生日，其中50多人致力于研究实践。现在，她一如既往地活跃，致力于新的项目，并陪伴着对民族历史感兴趣的新一代人类学家。在写这篇文章的时候，我们想通过考察她的三种行动来纪念她的贡献:加入跨国网络、促进研究主题和机构管理。在整个章节中，我们试图恢复他的声音，试图将他对科学发展历史的看法纳入其中，他在其中发挥了关键作用。
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