J. D. Hawkins, W. Shull, T. B. Reynolds, M. Dowley
The He-Cd laser has been in commercial development for about 5 years. Compared with the established He–Ne laser, cadmium laser technology is comparatively young. There are numerous similarities between the two laser types, but there are also substantial differences.
{"title":"Low-power low-cost blue lasers","authors":"J. D. Hawkins, W. Shull, T. B. Reynolds, M. Dowley","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.we5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.we5","url":null,"abstract":"The He-Cd laser has been in commercial development for about 5 years. Compared with the established He–Ne laser, cadmium laser technology is comparatively young. There are numerous similarities between the two laser types, but there are also substantial differences.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131979620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This presentation will be a review of current, un-classified, high-power gas-laser technology. Here high power is defined as exceeding 1000-W average power. Because almost all industrial applications that use gas lasers use the cw electrically excited CO2 laser, this device will be emphasized. A brief discussion of other high-power gas lasers, such as CO, TEA CO2, chemical, excitation-transfer, and excimer lasers, will also be included as these lasers may be candidates for future industrial systems.
{"title":"High-power gas lasers","authors":"T. Fahlen","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.wb1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.wb1","url":null,"abstract":"This presentation will be a review of current, un-classified, high-power gas-laser technology. Here high power is defined as exceeding 1000-W average power. Because almost all industrial applications that use gas lasers use the cw electrically excited CO2 laser, this device will be emphasized. A brief discussion of other high-power gas lasers, such as CO, TEA CO2, chemical, excitation-transfer, and excimer lasers, will also be included as these lasers may be candidates for future industrial systems.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130169201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The accuracy of satellite laser ranging systems has been improved from several meters to the present limit of 5-10 cm. Geodetic research in earthquake prediction, continental drift, polar motion, and gravitational-field modeling now requires range accuracies approaching 2 cm. The present hardware limitation has been the lack of a stable, short-pulse (<0.5-nsec), high-power (>1-GW) laser and matching receiver electronics. Such a system has been developed by GTE Sylvania for the Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie, FRG, and it is expected to become operational in mid 1976. This system is capable of ranging to all present and proposed geodetic satellites including GEOS, STARLETTE, and LAGEOS. Lunar ranging is also possible with modifications to system timing, software control, and data processing.
{"title":"High-accuracy satellite laser ranging system","authors":"D. A. Byrns, S. C. Morford","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.tuc6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.tuc6","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of satellite laser ranging systems has been improved from several meters to the present limit of 5-10 cm. Geodetic research in earthquake prediction, continental drift, polar motion, and gravitational-field modeling now requires range accuracies approaching 2 cm. The present hardware limitation has been the lack of a stable, short-pulse (<0.5-nsec), high-power (>1-GW) laser and matching receiver electronics. Such a system has been developed by GTE Sylvania for the Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie, FRG, and it is expected to become operational in mid 1976. This system is capable of ranging to all present and proposed geodetic satellites including GEOS, STARLETTE, and LAGEOS. Lunar ranging is also possible with modifications to system timing, software control, and data processing.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132915801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes explorations of the commercial feasibility of large-scale laser displays for advertising and other commercial purposes. Consideration is given to the required information density, raster scanning vs path control, and open vs closed loop operation of scanners.
{"title":"Large scale laser display systems for commercial applications using path controlled galvanometers","authors":"Peter Selverstone, E. Grenda","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.tud8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.tud8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes explorations of the commercial feasibility of large-scale laser displays for advertising and other commercial purposes. Consideration is given to the required information density, raster scanning vs path control, and open vs closed loop operation of scanners.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123992020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosensitive electrooptic crystals, such as iron-doped lithium niobate crystals, are attractive materials for image storage processing and display applications, since large size crystals with good optical quality are now available, and sensitivity improvement has been achieved by iron doping. Considering the doping level and oxidation state (ratio Fe3+/Fe2+), quite different behaviors for image storage are observed.
{"title":"Image storage display and processing in photosensitive electrooptic crystals: LiNbO3:Fe","authors":"J. Huignard, J. Herriau, F. Micheron","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.thb8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.thb8","url":null,"abstract":"Photosensitive electrooptic crystals, such as iron-doped lithium niobate crystals, are attractive materials for image storage processing and display applications, since large size crystals with good optical quality are now available, and sensitivity improvement has been achieved by iron doping. Considering the doping level and oxidation state (ratio Fe3+/Fe2+), quite different behaviors for image storage are observed.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130175017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past several years several companies have manufactured and sold multikilowatt CO2 lasers for industrial applications. The purpose of this paper is to review the technology embodied in these lasers and to present the nature and utility of the applications. Included in the laser technology section are slow flow, rapid flow, and cross flow lasers. The applications include cutting, welding, and surface heat treating. Appropriate examples of each application will be shown.
{"title":"High power industrial CO2 lasers and their applications","authors":"Edward B. Locke","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.tub1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.tub1","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past several years several companies have manufactured and sold multikilowatt CO2 lasers for industrial applications. The purpose of this paper is to review the technology embodied in these lasers and to present the nature and utility of the applications. Included in the laser technology section are slow flow, rapid flow, and cross flow lasers. The applications include cutting, welding, and surface heat treating. Appropriate examples of each application will be shown.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125598885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical videodisk mastering and replicating can be summarized as follows: first, enough small marks are made on a 12-in. diam disk to define 30 min of good video. Then the marks are duplicated cheaply and accurately enough to give the consumer good TV on a disk he can afford.
{"title":"Mastering and replicating of optical videodisks","authors":"J. Winslow","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.tua5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.tua5","url":null,"abstract":"Optical videodisk mastering and replicating can be summarized as follows: first, enough small marks are made on a 12-in. diam disk to define 30 min of good video. Then the marks are duplicated cheaply and accurately enough to give the consumer good TV on a disk he can afford.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123196381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-density information recording and replication using surface-relief structures is a well established process in phonograph record and video disk production. In this talk, we describe a promising new development—the recording of two-dimensional black/white and color images by surface-relief phase gratings. These can be replicated rapidly and inexpensively by hot embossing into clear thermoplastic sheets and are well suited for information dissemination in a compact format, e.g., microfiche. Unlike holographically encoded surface-relief images,1,2 they can be displayed with 100% efficiency in conventional optical projectors designed for photographic transparencies. Unlike photographic materials, however, they absorb no light and hence are free from overheating and color fading problems.
{"title":"Image recording and display by embossable surface-relief structures","authors":"R. Engelbrecht, M. T. Gale, K. Knop","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.tud3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.tud3","url":null,"abstract":"High-density information recording and replication using surface-relief structures is a well established process in phonograph record and video disk production. In this talk, we describe a promising new development—the recording of two-dimensional black/white and color images by surface-relief phase gratings. These can be replicated rapidly and inexpensively by hot embossing into clear thermoplastic sheets and are well suited for information dissemination in a compact format, e.g., microfiche. Unlike holographically encoded surface-relief images,1,2 they can be displayed with 100% efficiency in conventional optical projectors designed for photographic transparencies. Unlike photographic materials, however, they absorb no light and hence are free from overheating and color fading problems.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124534270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A status report summarizes the improved performance characteristics resulting from the application of restricted area contacts to single and double heterojunction laser structures. A geometric description of the process known as the stripe geometry contact is given as it relates to both GaAs and AIGaAs injection lasers. Application of the striped contacts to the fabrication of both pulsed and cw lasers has resulted in significant improvements in both performance and reliability of these devices. Data are presented that establish the superior device performance and reliability of both high peak power pulsed devices and room temperature cw lasers. The data include extended operating life tests for both pulsed and cw devices, comparisons of catastrophic damage limits, power output efficiency, as well as output and threshold current as a function of temperature. Radiation patterns, risetime, and polarization characteristics are also described. The paper also summarizes characteristics of cw injection lasers which can be supplied in a variety of packaging configurations. These devices have demonstrated analog modulation bandwidths well in excess of 100 MHz and appear well suited to use with available fiber optics materials having transmission windows in the 820-nm range.
{"title":"Recent developments in injection lasers","authors":"J. T. O'Brien, A. C. Limm, F. R. Hughes","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.wb4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.wb4","url":null,"abstract":"A status report summarizes the improved performance characteristics resulting from the application of restricted area contacts to single and double heterojunction laser structures. A geometric description of the process known as the stripe geometry contact is given as it relates to both GaAs and AIGaAs injection lasers. Application of the striped contacts to the fabrication of both pulsed and cw lasers has resulted in significant improvements in both performance and reliability of these devices. Data are presented that establish the superior device performance and reliability of both high peak power pulsed devices and room temperature cw lasers. The data include extended operating life tests for both pulsed and cw devices, comparisons of catastrophic damage limits, power output efficiency, as well as output and threshold current as a function of temperature. Radiation patterns, risetime, and polarization characteristics are also described. The paper also summarizes characteristics of cw injection lasers which can be supplied in a variety of packaging configurations. These devices have demonstrated analog modulation bandwidths well in excess of 100 MHz and appear well suited to use with available fiber optics materials having transmission windows in the 820-nm range.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134249357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Parker, M. Nutter, J. Hayden, S. Singer, I. Liberman
As the only well developed laser system potentially suitable for a laser fusion power system, it is critical that the feasibility of fusion induced by CO2 laser pulses be demonstrated. For the next 2 years (until the 10-kJ 8-beam system at LASL becomes operational), the principal tool for carrying out these investigations will be the Dual Beam Laser System (DBLS). Designed primarily as a prototype for the four modules that will comprise the 10-kJ laser system, DBLS has been upgraded to an experimental target facility by the addition of a high-contrast short-pulse oscillator and the necessary target diagnostic and handling equipment. With target experiments scheduled to begin in the spring of 1976, the DBLS is currently undergoing evaluation to establish its short-pulse performance characteristics.
{"title":"Two-beam CO2 laser system for laser induced fusion experiments","authors":"J. Parker, M. Nutter, J. Hayden, S. Singer, I. Liberman","doi":"10.1364/cleos.1976.wg2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/cleos.1976.wg2","url":null,"abstract":"As the only well developed laser system potentially suitable for a laser fusion power system, it is critical that the feasibility of fusion induced by CO2 laser pulses be demonstrated. For the next 2 years (until the 10-kJ 8-beam system at LASL becomes operational), the principal tool for carrying out these investigations will be the Dual Beam Laser System (DBLS). Designed primarily as a prototype for the four modules that will comprise the 10-kJ laser system, DBLS has been upgraded to an experimental target facility by the addition of a high-contrast short-pulse oscillator and the necessary target diagnostic and handling equipment. With target experiments scheduled to begin in the spring of 1976, the DBLS is currently undergoing evaluation to establish its short-pulse performance characteristics.","PeriodicalId":301658,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Laser and Electrooptical Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134461044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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