F. Shahzad, N. Ahmed, Zeeshan Fareed, Bushra Zulfiqar, Faisal Naeem
This study reveals relation between three corporate governance instruments (Board Size, Board Composition and CEO-Status) and one firm performance is measured using accountingbased measures (return on asset (ROA) of Karachi Stock Exchange listed cement firms is observed for the period 2007–2013. The ADF Test Multiple Regression and T-test exploration are applied to examine the significance & dependency of the overhead stated variables. Panel data methodology is utilized by estimate the arithmetic means, T-test and OLC by using the E-views. The finding revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between ROA with board size and negative significant relationship between ROA with CEO-Status furthermore insignificant relationship between ROA with Board composition. The ramifications of this is that the board size ought to be restricted to a sizeable utmost also that the post of the CEO ought to be possessed by distinctive persons.
{"title":"Corporate Governance Impact on Firm Performance: Evidence from Cement Industry of Pakistan","authors":"F. Shahzad, N. Ahmed, Zeeshan Fareed, Bushra Zulfiqar, Faisal Naeem","doi":"10.13187/ER.2015.90.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2015.90.37","url":null,"abstract":"This study reveals relation between three corporate governance instruments (Board Size, Board Composition and CEO-Status) and one firm performance is measured using accountingbased measures (return on asset (ROA) of Karachi Stock Exchange listed cement firms is observed for the period 2007–2013. The ADF Test Multiple Regression and T-test exploration are applied to examine the significance & dependency of the overhead stated variables. Panel data methodology is utilized by estimate the arithmetic means, T-test and OLC by using the E-views. The finding revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between ROA with board size and negative significant relationship between ROA with CEO-Status furthermore insignificant relationship between ROA with Board composition. The ramifications of this is that the board size ought to be restricted to a sizeable utmost also that the post of the CEO ought to be possessed by distinctive persons.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"90 1","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2015.90.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66203181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.13187/er.2014.88.2062
Ivane Sh. Menteshashvili
{"title":"Historical Truth in Poetry: Napoleon in the Verses of Voloshin, Tyutchev, and Pushkin","authors":"Ivane Sh. Menteshashvili","doi":"10.13187/er.2014.88.2062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/er.2014.88.2062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"88 1","pages":"2062-2068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/er.2014.88.2062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66203280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.89.2133
F. Shahzad, Ahsan Zia, N. Ahmed, Zeeshan Fareed, Bushra Zulfiqar
Since 1980s, the mounting debts and debt payment service of Pakistan due focus and consideration from the Policy makers and economists. This study was additionally done to audit and investigate the effect of external debt overhauling on the development and growth of Pakistan's economy. To hunt the target of research, five variables i.e. Growth, external debt servicing, saving, net export, Foreign Direct Investment were taken to focus their fact association with the GDP or development of the Pakistan's economy. Annual panel data was taken from the source World Bank indicator from the period of 1980 to 2013 and was manipulated through least square multiple regression models. The main variable external debt has significantly negative impact on dependent variable GDP so it‟s concluded that Pakistan should go for the option of debt forgiveness and must invite FDI but not much as their overloading may hurt the economy. Adjusting saving (ADS) highly significant positive relation with GDP reveals that habit of saving extremely boost up economy growth. Exports is basically good to helping hand for economy so they must be lifted up. The impact of external debt is quite hostile on growth so steps must be taken to abolish it in order to growth of economy.
{"title":"Impact of External Debt on Economic Growth: a Case Study of Pakistan","authors":"F. Shahzad, Ahsan Zia, N. Ahmed, Zeeshan Fareed, Bushra Zulfiqar","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.89.2133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.89.2133","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1980s, the mounting debts and debt payment service of Pakistan due focus and consideration from the Policy makers and economists. This study was additionally done to audit and investigate the effect of external debt overhauling on the development and growth of Pakistan's economy. To hunt the target of research, five variables i.e. Growth, external debt servicing, saving, net export, Foreign Direct Investment were taken to focus their fact association with the GDP or development of the Pakistan's economy. Annual panel data was taken from the source World Bank indicator from the period of 1980 to 2013 and was manipulated through least square multiple regression models. The main variable external debt has significantly negative impact on dependent variable GDP so it‟s concluded that Pakistan should go for the option of debt forgiveness and must invite FDI but not much as their overloading may hurt the economy. Adjusting saving (ADS) highly significant positive relation with GDP reveals that habit of saving extremely boost up economy growth. Exports is basically good to helping hand for economy so they must be lifted up. The impact of external debt is quite hostile on growth so steps must be taken to abolish it in order to growth of economy.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"89 1","pages":"2133-2140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2014.89.2133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66203099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.88.2093
A. Vorozhbitova
Modeling of a strategy to use social media in processes of scientific, technological and innovative spheres from the perspective of the linguistic and rhetorical (L&R) paradigm is presented as a series of sequential procedures: from formulation of conceptual frameworks to the characteristics of the organizational and management provisions. The article reveals design characteristics of the strategy including the tree of goals and formulates the directions of the strategy comprehensively reflecting social and technological aspects of the innovation process‘ development. In conclusion, the author considers the functions of the modeled strategy to use social media.
{"title":"Experience in Modeling A Strategy to Use Social Media in Processes of Scientific, Technological and Innovative Spheres: Linguistic and Rhetorical Approach","authors":"A. Vorozhbitova","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.88.2093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.88.2093","url":null,"abstract":"Modeling of a strategy to use social media in processes of scientific, technological and innovative spheres from the perspective of the linguistic and rhetorical (L&R) paradigm is presented as a series of sequential procedures: from formulation of conceptual frameworks to the characteristics of the organizational and management provisions. The article reveals design characteristics of the strategy including the tree of goals and formulates the directions of the strategy comprehensively reflecting social and technological aspects of the innovation process‘ development. In conclusion, the author considers the functions of the modeled strategy to use social media.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"88 1","pages":"2093-2100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2014.88.2093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.87.1996
L. Galperina
Based on the analysis of the problems of agriculture of Ukraine the author highlighted categories of problems of agriculture in Ukraine and with the help of the Thomas L. Saaty analytic hierarchy process and identified their rating. The next stage of the rating definitions and problems is the pairwise comparisons of each problem category. The first place in the category value is “economic”, the second – “infrastructure”, the third – “social”, and the fourth – “production”, in the last fifth place – “environmental” problems. According to the analysis in each category is provided a list of the main problems of agriculture in Ukraine: small-scale production, insufficient condition of fruit and vegetable warehouses, weakness of non-productive cooperatives, rising unemployment, opacity of land relations, inconsistency with international standards of quality and safety, low investment adaptation of Ukrainian legal acts to EU requirements, unsatisfactory condition of engineering and transport infrastructure of rural settlements, lack of technical support for producers of agricultural machinery and low-sales service, non-compliance with agricultural storage technologies, running state of social infrastructure and other.
在对乌克兰农业问题进行分析的基础上，作者突出了乌克兰农业问题的类别，并借助Thomas L. Saaty层次分析法确定了乌克兰农业问题的等级。评级定义和问题的下一阶段是对每个问题类别进行两两比较。排名第一的是“经济”问题，第二是“基础设施”问题，第三是“社会”问题，第四是“生产”问题，倒数第五是“环境”问题。根据对每个类别的分析，提供了乌克兰农业主要问题的清单:小规模生产，水果和蔬菜仓库条件不足，非生产合作社薄弱，失业率上升，土地关系不透明，与国际质量和安全标准不一致，乌克兰法律法规适应欧盟要求的投资不足，农村定居点工程和运输基础设施条件不理想，农业机械生产者缺乏技术支持，销售服务低，农业仓储技术不符合、社会基础设施运行状况不符合等。
{"title":"Main Challenges of Agriculture of Ukraine in Globalization","authors":"L. Galperina","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.87.1996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.87.1996","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of the problems of agriculture of Ukraine the author highlighted categories of problems of agriculture in Ukraine and with the help of the Thomas L. Saaty analytic hierarchy process and identified their rating. The next stage of the rating definitions and problems is the pairwise comparisons of each problem category. The first place in the category value is “economic”, the second – “infrastructure”, the third – “social”, and the fourth – “production”, in the last fifth place – “environmental” problems. According to the analysis in each category is provided a list of the main problems of agriculture in Ukraine: small-scale production, insufficient condition of fruit and vegetable warehouses, weakness of non-productive cooperatives, rising unemployment, opacity of land relations, inconsistency with international standards of quality and safety, low investment adaptation of Ukrainian legal acts to EU requirements, unsatisfactory condition of engineering and transport infrastructure of rural settlements, lack of technical support for producers of agricultural machinery and low-sales service, non-compliance with agricultural storage technologies, running state of social infrastructure and other.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"87 1","pages":"1996-2004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2014.87.1996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.87.2005
Pyali Chatterjee
{"title":"Thalaikoothal: the Practice of Euthanasia in the Name of Custom","authors":"Pyali Chatterjee","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.87.2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.87.2005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"87 1","pages":"2005-2012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2014.87.2005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66203207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.86.1970
Bogomaz Sa, S. Litvina
The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of empirical research of the personal values as bases for self-assessments of some personal virtues. The study is implemented in line with positive psychology, and is based on the concept of values as basic foundations of a particular human actions. The empirical research of a self-assessment of expressiveness of personal values at 658 residents of 4 Siberian cities of Russia. (Tomsk, Kemerovo, Barnaul, Lesosibirsk) was carried out in 2013-2014 with the use of the technique the "Questionnaire of 24 virtues" developed by E.N. Osin on the basis of a questionnaire "A profile of personal values" of K. Peterson and M. Seligman's Values-In-Action. The results of cluster and correlation analysis were presented, allowing to isolate distinct groups of the virtues in a sample and to connect these to the basic beliefs and values.
{"title":"Self-Assessment Of Personal Virtues and its Correlation to the Basic Beliefs and Values","authors":"Bogomaz Sa, S. Litvina","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.86.1970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.86.1970","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of empirical research of the personal values as bases for self-assessments of some personal virtues. The study is implemented in line with positive psychology, and is based on the concept of values as basic foundations of a particular human actions. The empirical research of a self-assessment of expressiveness of personal values at 658 residents of 4 Siberian cities of Russia. (Tomsk, Kemerovo, Barnaul, Lesosibirsk) was carried out in 2013-2014 with the use of the technique the \"Questionnaire of 24 virtues\" developed by E.N. Osin on the basis of a questionnaire \"A profile of personal values\" of K. Peterson and M. Seligman's Values-In-Action. The results of cluster and correlation analysis were presented, allowing to isolate distinct groups of the virtues in a sample and to connect these to the basic beliefs and values.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"86 1","pages":"1970-1977"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/ER.2014.86.1970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.13187/er.2014.86.1957CrossRef
K. Aubakirova, Jannur B. Asetova
The article presents the results of research associated with the study of the role and place of interactive teaching methods in the process of forming ethnopedagogical competence of future teachers. The authors of the article special attention focuses on such methods as: discussion (the discussion on the clash of views, exchange of opinions); "brainstorming" (active search for answers with the help of guesses, ideas, hypotheses, associations); round table (discussing moral issues with representatives of different sectors of society); business game (simulation, emulation, image, reflection, managing different situations and their modeling); contests of practical work with their discussion; training (active correction method by communicating in groups, modeling
{"title":"The Role of Interactive Teaching Methods in Fostering Ethno-Pedagogical Competence in Future Teachers","authors":"K. Aubakirova, Jannur B. Asetova","doi":"10.13187/er.2014.86.1957CrossRef","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/er.2014.86.1957CrossRef","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of research associated with the study of the role and place of interactive teaching methods in the process of forming ethnopedagogical competence of future teachers. The authors of the article special attention focuses on such methods as: discussion (the discussion on the clash of views, exchange of opinions); \"brainstorming\" (active search for answers with the help of guesses, ideas, hypotheses, associations); round table (discussing moral issues with representatives of different sectors of society); business game (simulation, emulation, image, reflection, managing different situations and their modeling); contests of practical work with their discussion; training (active correction method by communicating in groups, modeling","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"86 1","pages":"1957-1963"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.13187/er.2014.86.1944
Ella V. Nesterik, M. Kazbekova
This article deals with linguistic means realizing supernatural horror in the language of fiction. The research is based on the hypothesis that the category of supernatural/irreal horrible being a part of literary space is realized by means of this global textual category.
{"title":"Supernatural Horror in English Literature and Means of it Realization","authors":"Ella V. Nesterik, M. Kazbekova","doi":"10.13187/er.2014.86.1944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/er.2014.86.1944","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with linguistic means realizing supernatural horror in the language of fiction. The research is based on the hypothesis that the category of supernatural/irreal horrible being a part of literary space is realized by means of this global textual category.","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"86 1","pages":"1944-1949"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13187/er.2014.86.1944","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-01DOI: 10.13187/ER.2014.85.1835CROSSREF
Pyali Chatterjee
{"title":"Human Trafficking and Commercialization of Surrogacy in India","authors":"Pyali Chatterjee","doi":"10.13187/ER.2014.85.1835CROSSREF","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ER.2014.85.1835CROSSREF","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30304,"journal":{"name":"Evropejskij Issledovatel''","volume":"85 1","pages":"1835-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66202217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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