{"title":"Multiphase Energetic Experiments: Application of Multiple Object Tracking","authors":"Sarah Davis Finch","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74007087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Ware Research Group previously completed multiple studies that provide the framework for our automation project. One study compiled the property conditions of the Lincoln neighborhood in Lafayette. Another study investigated the current state of evictions in Lafayette. A third study analyzed factors related to resident retention in the northern neighborhoods of Lafayette. We are automating the data analysis process associated with these studies to provide data to the City of Lafayette to inform decisions on neighborhood revitalization, affordable housing, and homelessness intervention.
{"title":"Automated Data Processing: Making Community Indicators Possible for Lafayette, Indiana","authors":"Jace T Newell, Eli Coltin, Eric Flaningam","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1500","url":null,"abstract":"The Ware Research Group previously completed multiple studies that provide the framework for our automation project. One study compiled the property conditions of the Lincoln neighborhood in Lafayette. Another study investigated the current state of evictions in Lafayette. A third study analyzed factors related to resident retention in the northern neighborhoods of Lafayette. We are automating the data analysis process associated with these studies to provide data to the City of Lafayette to inform decisions on neighborhood revitalization, affordable housing, and homelessness intervention.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83236725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resilience is the capacity to recover quickly from diffi culties, and previous studies have determined that resilience has a relationship with mental health. However, the association of each aspect of resilience on mental health, depression, and adverse childhood events (ACEs) have not been closely examined. Discerning which aspects of resilience are associated with mental health issues, depression, and ACEs can help psychiatric nurses determine eff ective treatments and interventions for at-risk patients. One hundred ninety-fi ve community-dwelling participants (ages 18 to 89) were invited to Purdue University in Indiana and Scripps College in California for the study. Participants completed the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), which examines six aspects of resilience: perception of self, planned future, social competence, structured style, family cohesion, and social resources. Additionally, the SF-12® Health Survey, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and an ACE survey were completed. Using the six aspects of resilience as predictors, three hierarchical regression models were built with SF-12®, CES-D, and ACE as dependent variables. Findings showed that negative perception of self and impaired sense of planned future were associated with mental health issues; additionally, a lack of social resources was associated with depression, and weakened family cohesion was associated with ACEs. Psychiatric nurses can utilize the RSA during initial assessments to determine the most problematic areas for patients and fi nd ways to target their treatment and interventions. Pediatric nurses can also assess ACEs present in a child’s life and encourage family therapy sessions to promote family cohesion.
{"title":"Breaking Down the Impact of Resilience on Mental Health: An Analysis Utilizing the Resilience Scale for Adults","authors":"S. Cook","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1516","url":null,"abstract":"Resilience is the capacity to recover quickly from diffi culties, and previous studies have determined that resilience has a relationship with mental health. However, the association of each aspect of resilience on mental health, depression, and adverse childhood events (ACEs) have not been closely examined. Discerning which aspects of resilience are associated with mental health issues, depression, and ACEs can help psychiatric nurses determine eff ective treatments and interventions for at-risk patients. One hundred ninety-fi ve community-dwelling participants (ages 18 to 89) were invited to Purdue University in Indiana and Scripps College in California for the study. Participants completed the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), which examines six aspects of resilience: perception of self, planned future, social competence, structured style, family cohesion, and social resources. Additionally, the SF-12® Health Survey, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, and an ACE survey were completed. Using the six aspects of resilience as predictors, three hierarchical regression models were built with SF-12®, CES-D, and ACE as dependent variables. Findings showed that negative perception of self and impaired sense of planned future were associated with mental health issues; additionally, a lack of social resources was associated with depression, and weakened family cohesion was associated with ACEs. Psychiatric nurses can utilize the RSA during initial assessments to determine the most problematic areas for patients and fi nd ways to target their treatment and interventions. Pediatric nurses can also assess ACEs present in a child’s life and encourage family therapy sessions to promote family cohesion.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90931272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Th e northern neighborhoods of Lafayette, Indiana, are plagued by high resident turnover, but the city strives to build a community where residents will want to live for an extended period. Th rough revitalization of these neighborhoods, the well-being of the community and the livability of the area for residents could be increased. Th e purpose of this study was to identify geographical and quantitative trends associated with these transient residents. In partnership with the City of Lafayette, the study analyzed geographical and numerical data about local households to understand these trends and aid in the city’s eff ort to increase resident retention in the northern neighborhoods by identifying areas to focus retention eff orts on. Th e study focused on analyzing household data to identify locations with patterns of households at high risk of low retention. Th e method used to identify these locations was plotting each household on a map of the studied neighborhoods and fi ltering households by diff erent factors determined to signifi cantly aff ect retention to derive geographical trends. Analyzing these trends showed that young low-income home renters were more likely to live in their home for shorter amounts of time. Geographical visualizations were produced focusing on these home renters and the northern neighborhood’s likely transient residents, and geographical areas of these potentially transient home renters were identifi ed. With these specifi c areas identifi ed, it was recommended that the community partner, the City of Lafayette, focus resources on eff orts of retention and revitalization in these specifi c areas of the northern neighborhoods of Lafayette.
印第安纳州拉斐特的北部社区深受居民流动率高的困扰，但该市努力建设一个居民愿意长期居住的社区。通过这些社区的振兴，社区的福祉和居民的宜居性可以增加。本研究的目的是确定与这些流动居民相关的地理和数量趋势。该研究与拉斐特市(City of Lafayette)合作，分析了当地家庭的地理和数字数据，以了解这些趋势，并通过确定重点保留工作的领域，帮助该市努力提高北部社区的居民保留率。该研究的重点是分析家庭数据，以确定具有低保留率高风险家庭模式的地点。用于确定这些地点的方法是在研究社区的地图上绘制每个家庭，并通过确定显著影响保留率的不同因素来过滤家庭，以得出地理趋势。分析这些趋势表明，年轻的低收入租房者更有可能在他们的房子里住更短的时间。针对这些租房者和北部社区可能的临时居民制作了地理可视化，并确定了这些潜在的临时租房者的地理区域。确定了这些特定区域后，建议社区合作伙伴拉斐特市将资源集中在拉斐特北部社区这些特定区域的保留和振兴工作上。
{"title":"Good Data for Good Decisions about Resident Retention Analysis on Resident Retention","authors":"Eli Coltin","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1531","url":null,"abstract":"Th e northern neighborhoods of Lafayette, Indiana, are plagued by high resident turnover, but the city strives to build a community where residents will want to live for an extended period. Th rough revitalization of these neighborhoods, the well-being of the community and the livability of the area for residents could be increased. Th e purpose of this study was to identify geographical and quantitative trends associated with these transient residents. In partnership with the City of Lafayette, the study analyzed geographical and numerical data about local households to understand these trends and aid in the city’s eff ort to increase resident retention in the northern neighborhoods by identifying areas to focus retention eff orts on. Th e study focused on analyzing household data to identify locations with patterns of households at high risk of low retention. Th e method used to identify these locations was plotting each household on a map of the studied neighborhoods and fi ltering households by diff erent factors determined to signifi cantly aff ect retention to derive geographical trends. Analyzing these trends showed that young low-income home renters were more likely to live in their home for shorter amounts of time. Geographical visualizations were produced focusing on these home renters and the northern neighborhood’s likely transient residents, and geographical areas of these potentially transient home renters were identifi ed. With these specifi c areas identifi ed, it was recommended that the community partner, the City of Lafayette, focus resources on eff orts of retention and revitalization in these specifi c areas of the northern neighborhoods of Lafayette.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91162668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maansi Asthana, Alyssa Easton, Julia Mollenhauer, Sean Renwick, Anita Golpalrathnam
Understanding how genes evolve and persist is a critical part of viral genomics. Bacteriophages can provide unique insight about viral evolution because of their abundance and largely unexplored history. Traditionally, phylogenetic trees have used DNA sequence comparison to visualize evolutionary paths between organisms. However, DNA sequence similarity does not refl ect key alterations to protein structure and therefore how the protein performs its function. Phylogenetic trees based on predicted protein structure could provide an alternative lens through which to view evolutionary paths. From each of the 10 largest clusters included in the Actinobacteriophage Database, three mycobacteriophage genomes were selected. Lysin A and terminase proteins are encoded by all of the mycobacteriophage genomes and were therefore selected for analysis. Protein structural predictions were generated from amino acid sequences using Phyre2 and compared with the PyMol Molecular Graphics System, Version 2.0. Structural alignment scores from PyMol were used to quantify the structural homology of lysin A and terminase across diff erent clusters. Five phylogenetic trees were constructed: one was based on structural homology of lysin A, one was based on structural homology of terminase, two were based on amino acid sequence of these individual proteins, and one was based on overall genomic sequence alignment. Phylogenetic trees were compared to evaluate diff erences between amino acid sequence and structural homology. Visualizing the predicted relationships from amino acid sequences and structural analysis of phage proteins will provide a new perspective on the evolution of the virosphere.
了解基因如何进化和持续是病毒基因组学的关键部分。噬菌体可以为病毒进化提供独特的见解，因为它们的丰富和大部分未被探索的历史。传统上，系统发育树使用DNA序列比较来可视化生物体之间的进化路径。然而，DNA序列相似性并不能反映蛋白质结构的关键改变，因此也不能反映蛋白质如何发挥其功能。基于预测蛋白质结构的系统发育树可以为观察进化路径提供另一种视角。从包含在放线菌噬菌体数据库中的10个最大簇中，每一个都选择了3个分枝杆菌噬菌体基因组。溶酶A和终止酶蛋白由所有的分枝噬菌体基因组编码，因此被选中进行分析。利用Phyre2对氨基酸序列进行蛋白质结构预测，并与PyMol Molecular Graphics System, Version 2.0进行比较。PyMol的结构比对评分用于量化不同簇间溶酶A和端酶的结构同源性。构建了5个系统发育树:1个基于lysin A的结构同源性，1个基于末端酶的结构同源性，2个基于这些单个蛋白质的氨基酸序列，1个基于总体基因组序列比对。系统发育树比较了氨基酸序列和结构同源性的差异。从氨基酸序列和噬菌体蛋白的结构分析中可视化预测关系将为研究病毒圈的进化提供新的视角。
{"title":"Visualizing Bacteriophage Evolution Through Sequence and Structural Phylogeny of Lysin A and Terminase Proteins: An Analysis of Protein Structure Across Phage Clusters","authors":"Maansi Asthana, Alyssa Easton, Julia Mollenhauer, Sean Renwick, Anita Golpalrathnam","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1492","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how genes evolve and persist is a critical part of viral genomics. Bacteriophages can provide unique insight about viral evolution because of their abundance and largely unexplored history. Traditionally, phylogenetic trees have used DNA sequence comparison to visualize evolutionary paths between organisms. However, DNA sequence similarity does not refl ect key alterations to protein structure and therefore how the protein performs its function. Phylogenetic trees based on predicted protein structure could provide an alternative lens through which to view evolutionary paths. From each of the 10 largest clusters included in the Actinobacteriophage Database, three mycobacteriophage genomes were selected. Lysin A and terminase proteins are encoded by all of the mycobacteriophage genomes and were therefore selected for analysis. Protein structural predictions were generated from amino acid sequences using Phyre2 and compared with the PyMol Molecular Graphics System, Version 2.0. Structural alignment scores from PyMol were used to quantify the structural homology of lysin A and terminase across diff erent clusters. Five phylogenetic trees were constructed: one was based on structural homology of lysin A, one was based on structural homology of terminase, two were based on amino acid sequence of these individual proteins, and one was based on overall genomic sequence alignment. Phylogenetic trees were compared to evaluate diff erences between amino acid sequence and structural homology. Visualizing the predicted relationships from amino acid sequences and structural analysis of phage proteins will provide a new perspective on the evolution of the virosphere.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72595305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Welding is a manufacturing process that emits metal fumes as a by-product. These fumes contain metallic nanoparticles (smaller than 100 nm) that react with ambient air to form metal oxide particles. A large proportion of metallic nanoparticles are elements such as manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni). Some metals, for example, Mn can contribute to the toxicity in welding fumes.
{"title":"Application of Novel Innovations: Iron and Manganese Nanoparticles Produced Using a Spark Discharge System","authors":"Kaushal Prasad","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1522","url":null,"abstract":"Welding is a manufacturing process that emits metal fumes as a by-product. These fumes contain metallic nanoparticles (smaller than 100 nm) that react with ambient air to form metal oxide particles. A large proportion of metallic nanoparticles are elements such as manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni). Some metals, for example, Mn can contribute to the toxicity in welding fumes.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72705845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lomustine, which is a chemotherapy drug that treats Hodgkin’s lymphoma and brain tumors, had a price increase of 1,400% in 2014. The increased price raised concerns that the potentially lifesaving drug may not be prescribed to patients. The objective of this project is to develop a new end-to-end manufacturing process that enables the in-house manufacturing of Lomustine. The poster aims to determine key process parameters for a liquid-liquid extraction unit operation. The hypothesis for the unit operation is that a minimum impurity profile can be achieved in the organic phase of continuous-flow liquid-liquid extraction by varying critical process parameters. This profile was determined by implementing solvent selection, designing a conducive design of experiments, and analyzing the experimental results with high-pressure liquid chromatography. The process was repeated and edited to accommodate learnings through the experiments conducted. Partition coefficient calculated experimentally showed the best value at 0.36. The percentage of extraction of impurities was also calculated at 82%, which showcased a clear decrease in the impurity of the main process stream. The researchers anticipate that with a purer product stream, the manufacturing process will have less byproduct formation.
{"title":"Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Lomustine Synthesis","authors":"Devna Grover","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1514","url":null,"abstract":"Lomustine, which is a chemotherapy drug that treats Hodgkin’s lymphoma and brain tumors, had a price increase of 1,400% in 2014. The increased price raised concerns that the potentially lifesaving drug may not be prescribed to patients. The objective of this project is to develop a new end-to-end manufacturing process that enables the in-house manufacturing of Lomustine. The poster aims to determine key process parameters for a liquid-liquid extraction unit operation. The hypothesis for the unit operation is that a minimum impurity profile can be achieved in the organic phase of continuous-flow liquid-liquid extraction by varying critical process parameters. This profile was determined by implementing solvent selection, designing a conducive design of experiments, and analyzing the experimental results with high-pressure liquid chromatography. The process was repeated and edited to accommodate learnings through the experiments conducted. Partition coefficient calculated experimentally showed the best value at 0.36. The percentage of extraction of impurities was also calculated at 82%, which showcased a clear decrease in the impurity of the main process stream. The researchers anticipate that with a purer product stream, the manufacturing process will have less byproduct formation.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81274078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purdue University is about 70 km from the nearest National Weather Service WSR-88D radar in Indianapolis, Indiana. When combined with the curvature of Earth and variations in atmospheric density, this distance corresponds to a beam height greater than 1 km above ground level, with little to no observation of the lower atmosphere over campus. This is a problem because the meteorological phenomena that pose the largest threats to life and property (e.g, tornadoes, microbursts) develop at these low altitudes.
{"title":"Automated Detection and Characterization of Mesocyclones in X-band Radar Observations","authors":"Raychel E. Nelson","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1498","url":null,"abstract":"Purdue University is about 70 km from the nearest National Weather Service WSR-88D radar in Indianapolis, Indiana. When combined with the curvature of Earth and variations in atmospheric density, this distance corresponds to a beam height greater than 1 km above ground level, with little to no observation of the lower atmosphere over campus. This is a problem because the meteorological phenomena that pose the largest threats to life and property (e.g, tornadoes, microbursts) develop at these low altitudes.","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87482202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interface Engineering to Kinetically Trap the Photovoltaic Crystal Phase of Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite","authors":"Yiyuan Zhang","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85521760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Justice in the Teacher Education Program Curriculum","authors":"J. Pirrello","doi":"10.7771/2158-4052.1506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7771/2158-4052.1506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30386,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84767446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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