Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.348
Marius Robu
During the last eight years an ongoing interdisciplinary research is being carried out at the Ursilor and Muierilor caves, Romania. This sedimentological, geomorphological and geochronological study aims at better understanding of the taphonomy of the MIS 3 fossil accumulations and their palaeoclimate context. The two sites contain complex types of fossil thanatocoenosis - in situ, secondary or mixt. Numerous methods of investigation, typical for this type of multidisciplinary research were applied: AMS 14C direct dating on fossil bone (N = 42), U/Th dating of the relevant speleothems (N = 4), termoluminiscence for dating sediments (OSL; N=7), analysis of physical and chemical properties of cave sediments, rock magnetism, stable isotope analyses on the cave bear’s bone collagen (δ15N and δ13C; N=125), taphonomic methods for assessing the bone assemblage’s properties (MNI, NISP, ISD, long bone orientation etc.), high resolution osteometry, laser scanning of the cave bear’ bioglyphs etc.
{"title":"Cave sediments and fossils as karst archives: the Urșilor and Muierilor caves, Romania","authors":"Marius Robu","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.348","url":null,"abstract":"During the last eight years an ongoing interdisciplinary research is being carried out at the Ursilor and Muierilor caves, Romania. This sedimentological, geomorphological and geochronological study aims at better understanding of the taphonomy of the MIS 3 fossil accumulations and their palaeoclimate context. The two sites contain complex types of fossil thanatocoenosis - in situ, secondary or mixt. Numerous methods of investigation, typical for this type of multidisciplinary research were applied: AMS 14C direct dating on fossil bone (N = 42), U/Th dating of the relevant speleothems (N = 4), termoluminiscence for dating sediments (OSL; N=7), analysis of physical and chemical properties of cave sediments, rock magnetism, stable isotope analyses on the cave bear’s bone collagen (δ15N and δ13C; N=125), taphonomic methods for assessing the bone assemblage’s properties (MNI, NISP, ISD, long bone orientation etc.), high resolution osteometry, laser scanning of the cave bear’ bioglyphs etc.","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.326
M. Krąpiec
Dendrochronologically dated wood of subfossil trunks of trees presents the basic material used at construction of the calibration curve. In the last years numerous studies have been aimed at construction of chronologies covering the late-glacial period (Kaiser et al. 2012). At present, Koźmin (Dzieduszynska et al. 2014) and Kwiatkow (Kolska Basin, Central Poland) proved to be very perspective sites, in which wood from the end of Allerod and Younger Dryas was recognized. A level of organic deposits with so-called ‘fossil forest’ was encountered within the late-Vistulian terrace of the low valley of the Warta river
经年代学测定的亚化石树干木材是构建校准曲线时使用的基本材料。在过去的几年里，许多研究都旨在构建覆盖晚冰期的年表(Kaiser et al. 2012)。目前，Koźmin (Dzieduszynska et al. 2014)和Kwiatkow(波兰中部的Kolska盆地)被证明是非常有意义的地点，在那里发现了Allerod和Younger Dryas末期的木材。在瓦尔塔河低河谷的晚维斯多里亚阶地中发现了所谓的“化石森林”的有机沉积物
{"title":"Radiocarbon dated late-glacial Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) chronology from Central Poland","authors":"M. Krąpiec","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.326","url":null,"abstract":"Dendrochronologically dated wood of subfossil trunks of trees presents the basic material used at construction of the calibration curve. In the last years numerous studies have been aimed at construction of chronologies covering the late-glacial period (Kaiser et al. 2012). At present, Koźmin (Dzieduszynska et al. 2014) and Kwiatkow (Kolska Basin, Central Poland) proved to be very perspective sites, in which wood from the end of Allerod and Younger Dryas was recognized. A level of organic deposits with so-called ‘fossil forest’ was encountered within the late-Vistulian terrace of the low valley of the Warta river","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.291
P. Braconnot
The Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) enters its fourth phase. Five PMIP periods have been retained for tier one simulations as part of CMIP6 (coupled model intercomparison project, phase 6): the last millennium, the mid-Holocene (6ka BP), the Last Glacial maximum (21ka BP), the Last Interglacial (127ka BP) and the Pliocene (3 Ma BP). The talk will review the rationale behind these simulations and highlight what would be needed from the paleoclimate community to fully benefit from this huge simulation effort. The discussion will also discuss how this suite of PMIP4CMIP6 experiments is connected to several other periods and sensitivity experiments as part of PMIP. I propose to illustrate some of the new challenges that can now be tackled to improve the understanding of the rate of climate change, major feedbacks and the interplay between climate trends and climate variability
{"title":"PMIP4 simulations: what is new?","authors":"P. Braconnot","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.291","url":null,"abstract":"The Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) enters its fourth phase. Five PMIP periods have been retained for tier one simulations as part of CMIP6 (coupled model intercomparison project, phase 6): the last millennium, the mid-Holocene (6ka BP), the Last Glacial maximum (21ka BP), the Last Interglacial (127ka BP) and the Pliocene (3 Ma BP). The talk will review the rationale behind these simulations and highlight what would be needed from the paleoclimate community to fully benefit from this huge simulation effort. The discussion will also discuss how this suite of PMIP4CMIP6 experiments is connected to several other periods and sensitivity experiments as part of PMIP. I propose to illustrate some of the new challenges that can now be tackled to improve the understanding of the rate of climate change, major feedbacks and the interplay between climate trends and climate variability","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70435930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.298
A. Diaconu
We used radiocarbon dating, testate amoebae (TA) and pollen analysis of a peat profile extracted from an ombrotrophic bog (Tăul Muced) located in the Rodna National Park, Romania, to identify major changes in the wet-dry ecological gradient over the last 8000 years. We performed a quantitative reconstruction of the local depth to water table (DWT) and pH variation using the transfer function developed on a Polish modern testate amoebae data set and compared our reconstruction with other palaeohydrological studies in this region. The pollen record was used to determine regional vegetation dynamics as well as the potential impact of humans on peatland dynamics
我们利用放射性碳测年、标本变形虫(TA)和花粉分析，对罗马尼亚罗德纳国家公园(Rodna National Park)一个营养型沼泽(turul Muced)中提取的泥炭剖面进行了分析，以确定过去8000年来干湿生态梯度的主要变化。我们使用基于波兰现代变形虫数据集开发的传递函数对当地深度到地下水位(DWT)和pH变化进行了定量重建，并将我们的重建与该地区其他古水文研究进行了比较。利用花粉记录确定区域植被动态以及人类活动对泥炭地动态的潜在影响
{"title":"Using testate amoebae to infer Holocene palaeohydrological history in the Northern Carpathians, Romania","authors":"A. Diaconu","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.298","url":null,"abstract":"We used radiocarbon dating, testate amoebae (TA) and pollen analysis of a peat profile extracted from an ombrotrophic bog (Tăul Muced) located in the Rodna National Park, Romania, to identify major changes in the wet-dry ecological gradient over the last 8000 years. We performed a quantitative reconstruction of the local depth to water table (DWT) and pH variation using the transfer function developed on a Polish modern testate amoebae data set and compared our reconstruction with other palaeohydrological studies in this region. The pollen record was used to determine regional vegetation dynamics as well as the potential impact of humans on peatland dynamics","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.299
V. Drăgușin
We present here a speleothem δ 13 C-δ 18 O record from the Last Interglacial period that was retrieved from a small cave in the Făgăras Mountains (2435 m asl). Current monitoring work shows that the average temperature inside the cave is ~3°C. Stalagmite M3-R2/1 is only 5 cm long and its growth model was calculated using six U-Th ages. According to this, the stalagmite formed between 125.5 (±1.3) and 123 (±1.3) ka, during the warmest stage of the Last Interglacial
{"title":"A MIS 5e high-altitude speleothem δ13C-δ18O record from the Romanian Carpathians","authors":"V. Drăgușin","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.299","url":null,"abstract":"We present here a speleothem δ 13 C-δ 18 O record from the Last Interglacial period that was retrieved from a small cave in the Făgăras Mountains (2435 m asl). Current monitoring work shows that the average temperature inside the cave is ~3°C. Stalagmite M3-R2/1 is only 5 cm long and its growth model was calculated using six U-Th ages. According to this, the stalagmite formed between 125.5 (±1.3) and 123 (±1.3) ka, during the warmest stage of the Last Interglacial","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.303
F. Forray
The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the usefulness of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bat guano as proxies for paleoclimate changes. We show a 2500-year record of environmental change in Romania using δ 13 C, δ 15 N, and (C:N) derived from precisely 14 C-dated bat guano cores recovered from Gaura cu Musca (GM), Zidită (ZC), and Magurici (MC) caves
本研究的目的是证明蝙蝠鸟粪中稳定的碳和氮同位素作为古气候变化的代用物的有效性。我们利用来自Gaura cu Musca (GM)、ziditul (ZC)和Magurici (MC)洞穴的蝙蝠鸟粪岩心的δ 13c、δ 15n和(C:N)，展示了罗马尼亚2500年的环境变化记录
{"title":"Bat guano δ13C and δ15N values as climate proxy","authors":"F. Forray","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.303","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the usefulness of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bat guano as proxies for paleoclimate changes. We show a 2500-year record of environmental change in Romania using δ 13 C, δ 15 N, and (C:N) derived from precisely 14 C-dated bat guano cores recovered from Gaura cu Musca (GM), Zidită (ZC), and Magurici (MC) caves","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.343
Andrei-Marian Panait
Dust consists of small particles that reached the atmosphere from various sources (arid or semi-arid regions) via aeolian processes. Dust plays an important role in climate systems due to the changes it can induce in the radiative properties of the atmosphere; reflecting or absorbing solar radiation, or, indirectly, by affecting cloud formation and precipitation patterns. Dust transport and deposition can vary over time and space, and it is controlled mainly by climatic characteristics (e.g., precipitation, wind speed, the movement of air masses)
{"title":"A 1500 year aeolian history as recorded in a peat bog from northern Romania: dust fluxes and deposition control in comparison with Western Europe","authors":"Andrei-Marian Panait","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.343","url":null,"abstract":"Dust consists of small particles that reached the atmosphere from various sources (arid or semi-arid regions) via aeolian processes. Dust plays an important role in climate systems due to the changes it can induce in the radiative properties of the atmosphere; reflecting or absorbing solar radiation, or, indirectly, by affecting cloud formation and precipitation patterns. Dust transport and deposition can vary over time and space, and it is controlled mainly by climatic characteristics (e.g., precipitation, wind speed, the movement of air masses)","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"69-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.328
I. Lascu
Short-lived events such as geomagnetic excursions are global events that are used for dating purposes across scientific disciplines. A critical ingredient for characterizing such geomagnetic instabilities are tightly constrained age models that enable high-resolution magnetostratigraphies. The focus of this study is a speleothem geomagnetic record of the Laschamp excursion, which was the first geomagnetic excursion recognized and described in the paleomagnetic record, and remains the most studied event of its kind
{"title":"Refining the Quaternary Geomagnetic Instability Time Scale: The Laschamp Excursion Dated from a Speleothem Record","authors":"I. Lascu","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.328","url":null,"abstract":"Short-lived events such as geomagnetic excursions are global events that are used for dating purposes across scientific disciplines. A critical ingredient for characterizing such geomagnetic instabilities are tightly constrained age models that enable high-resolution magnetostratigraphies. The focus of this study is a speleothem geomagnetic record of the Laschamp excursion, which was the first geomagnetic excursion recognized and described in the paleomagnetic record, and remains the most studied event of its kind","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"18 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.329
C. Latorre
Significant changes in available moisture have occurred in the hyperarid Atacama Desert throughout the late Quaternary. Paleorecords show that areas in the adjacent high Andes and western Altiplano have experienced significant increases in rainfall, likely the result of intensified summer systems associated with the South American Summer Monsoon, tropical Pacific sea-surface temperature gradients and the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone
{"title":"Climate change and human occupation in the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert","authors":"C. Latorre","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2016.0.0.329","url":null,"abstract":"Significant changes in available moisture have occurred in the hyperarid Atacama Desert throughout the late Quaternary. Paleorecords show that areas in the adjacent high Andes and western Altiplano have experienced significant increases in rainfall, likely the result of intensified summer systems associated with the South American Summer Monsoon, tropical Pacific sea-surface temperature gradients and the mean position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-10DOI: 10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2015.25.1.277
C. Bădăluţă
Knowledge of the hydrological processes in the karst areas of the Apuseni Mountains (Romania) are currently hampered by the limited available information. To partly address this issue, we have investigated the dynamics of stable isotopes in waters of the Ocoale Plateau, central Apuseni Mts. We have collected 103 samples from meteoric water, rivers, springs and caves and analyzed them for their isotopic composition. The data indicates that meteoric waters are the main source for all types of water; however, differences in the duration of underground flow, recharge and residence time occur in relation to the characteristics of the cave systems and external hydrological regime.
{"title":"Water stable isotopes distribution in the karst systems from Ocoale Plateau (Apuseni Mountains), Romania","authors":"C. Bădăluţă","doi":"10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2015.25.1.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4316/GEOREVIEW.2015.25.1.277","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the hydrological processes in the karst areas of the Apuseni Mountains (Romania) are currently hampered by the limited available information. To partly address this issue, we have investigated the dynamics of stable isotopes in waters of the Ocoale Plateau, central Apuseni Mts. We have collected 103 samples from meteoric water, rivers, springs and caves and analyzed them for their isotopic composition. The data indicates that meteoric waters are the main source for all types of water; however, differences in the duration of underground flow, recharge and residence time occur in relation to the characteristics of the cave systems and external hydrological regime.","PeriodicalId":30470,"journal":{"name":"GEOREVIEW Scientific Annals of Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava Geography Series","volume":"25 1","pages":"92-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70436279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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