Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612124
Jose R. Sanchez, M. Orescanin, M. Oelze
A method for improving the contrast resolution while maintaining the −6 dB axial resolution of ultrasonic B-mode images is proposed. The technique proposed is known as eREC-FC, which enhances a recently developed REC-FC technique. REC-FC is a combination of the coded excitation technique known as resolution enhancement compression (REC) and the speckle-reduction technique frequency compounding (FC). In REC-FC, the speckle is reduced and the contrast is improved but at the expense of a reduction in axial resolution. However, by compounding various REC-FC images made from various subband widths the tradeoff between axial resolution and contrast enhancement can be extended. Simulations and experimental measurements were conducted with a single-element transducer (f/2.66) having a center frequency of 2.25 MHz and a −3-dB bandwidth of 50%. Measurements of tissue-mimicking targets of various contrast levels and diameters were imaged. The image quality metrics used to compare eREC-FC to conventional pulsing (CP), REC, and REC-FC were contrast-to-noise, and histogram overlap. Maximum and minimum increases in CNR of 189% and 88% were observed when comparing eREC-FC to CP for the 12 mm in diameter +6 dB and −3dB targets, respectively. Image histrogram analysis between the target and background regions suggested that improved lesion detectability was observed by using eREC-FC as the overlap between the two histograms was minimized. With eREC-FC technique the axial resolution was preserved (i.e., same axial resolution that would be typically observed with conventional excitation with a pulse).
{"title":"Improving image contrast using coded excitation for ultrasonic imaging","authors":"Jose R. Sanchez, M. Orescanin, M. Oelze","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612124","url":null,"abstract":"A method for improving the contrast resolution while maintaining the −6 dB axial resolution of ultrasonic B-mode images is proposed. The technique proposed is known as eREC-FC, which enhances a recently developed REC-FC technique. REC-FC is a combination of the coded excitation technique known as resolution enhancement compression (REC) and the speckle-reduction technique frequency compounding (FC). In REC-FC, the speckle is reduced and the contrast is improved but at the expense of a reduction in axial resolution. However, by compounding various REC-FC images made from various subband widths the tradeoff between axial resolution and contrast enhancement can be extended. Simulations and experimental measurements were conducted with a single-element transducer (f/2.66) having a center frequency of 2.25 MHz and a −3-dB bandwidth of 50%. Measurements of tissue-mimicking targets of various contrast levels and diameters were imaged. The image quality metrics used to compare eREC-FC to conventional pulsing (CP), REC, and REC-FC were contrast-to-noise, and histogram overlap. Maximum and minimum increases in CNR of 189% and 88% were observed when comparing eREC-FC to CP for the 12 mm in diameter +6 dB and −3dB targets, respectively. Image histrogram analysis between the target and background regions suggested that improved lesion detectability was observed by using eREC-FC as the overlap between the two histograms was minimized. With eREC-FC technique the axial resolution was preserved (i.e., same axial resolution that would be typically observed with conventional excitation with a pulse).","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125749094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612102
K. Machina, A. Gokhale
Over the last decade the percentage of women and non-Asian minorities within the US IT workforce has dropped, and the number of undergraduates pursuing computer science degrees has dropped, leading to predictions of a shortage of US citizens who are trained IT professionals [1], [2], [13]. In this paper, "IT professionals" includes a broad spectrum of experts in areas such as computer science, network operations, computer security, and engineering, Web applications development, telecommunications management, and enterprise computing.
{"title":"Increasing and broadening undergraduate participation in IT — A new approach","authors":"K. Machina, A. Gokhale","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612102","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade the percentage of women and non-Asian minorities within the US IT workforce has dropped, and the number of undergraduates pursuing computer science degrees has dropped, leading to predictions of a shortage of US citizens who are trained IT professionals [1], [2], [13]. In this paper, \"IT professionals\" includes a broad spectrum of experts in areas such as computer science, network operations, computer security, and engineering, Web applications development, telecommunications management, and enterprise computing.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124721593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612125
L. Solano-Quinde, Brett M. Bode, Arun Kumar Somani
Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are increasingly used to solve non-graphical scientific problems. However, it has been shown that the reliability of the GPUs is a concern because of the occurrence of the soft and hard errors. The checkpoint/restart is the most commonly used technique to achieve fault tolerance in the presence of failures. This work present an application-level checkpoint scheme for systems composed of GPUs. Our scheme exploits the benefits of the divide-and-conquer technique and of the communication-computation overlapping to improve the execution time and checkpoint overhead. By dividing the problem and checkpointing in n subprocesses, we show that our scheme improves the checkpoint overhead by a factor of n. We also show that dividing the problem with finer granularity is not beneficial.
{"title":"Coarse grain computation-communication overlap for efficient application-level checkpointing for GPUs","authors":"L. Solano-Quinde, Brett M. Bode, Arun Kumar Somani","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612125","url":null,"abstract":"Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are increasingly used to solve non-graphical scientific problems. However, it has been shown that the reliability of the GPUs is a concern because of the occurrence of the soft and hard errors. The checkpoint/restart is the most commonly used technique to achieve fault tolerance in the presence of failures. This work present an application-level checkpoint scheme for systems composed of GPUs. Our scheme exploits the benefits of the divide-and-conquer technique and of the communication-computation overlapping to improve the execution time and checkpoint overhead. By dividing the problem and checkpointing in n subprocesses, we show that our scheme improves the checkpoint overhead by a factor of n. We also show that dividing the problem with finer granularity is not beneficial.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125490369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612115
H. Todd
The Internet can be a dangerous place. What are the real threats to Internet users? What can a user do about them? We will explore real would exploits and threats and see how we can mitigate the risks.
{"title":"Safer browsing — Protecting yourself on the wild web","authors":"H. Todd","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612115","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet can be a dangerous place. What are the real threats to Internet users? What can a user do about them? We will explore real would exploits and threats and see how we can mitigate the risks.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127965936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612189
Yousuf Mohammed, Pooya Eslami, Muneer Shaik, Rohit Akula, I. Abdel-Motaleb
In this paper the design and implementation of an integrated system, for healing nerve, muscles, bones, and joints injuries, are discussed. In this system, ultrasound waves and interferential-current can be applied separately or concurrently, based on the recommendation of the healthcare specialist. This flexibility is expected to optimize, improve, and quicken the healing progress and recovery. The system was built using off the shelf components, and this will result in substantial cost reduction.
{"title":"Integrated ultrasonic/interferential current system for injured bones, muscles, and nerve therapy","authors":"Yousuf Mohammed, Pooya Eslami, Muneer Shaik, Rohit Akula, I. Abdel-Motaleb","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612189","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the design and implementation of an integrated system, for healing nerve, muscles, bones, and joints injuries, are discussed. In this system, ultrasound waves and interferential-current can be applied separately or concurrently, based on the recommendation of the healthcare specialist. This flexibility is expected to optimize, improve, and quicken the healing progress and recovery. The system was built using off the shelf components, and this will result in substantial cost reduction.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121369892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612121
C. McTavish, S. Sankaranarayanan
M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistants PDA. M-commerce provides lot of services like Mobile ticketing, Mobile banking, Mobile location based services, Mobile auctions, Mobile purchasing and so on. This represents an incredible opportunity to enable mobile devices, as a universal device for mobile commerce applications. For such applications, we normally want to choose the best hotel in prime locations, with modern facilities, clean environment and affordable rates. This can be time consuming and sometimes costly when doing this on our own or using human agents. So based on this we here propose "Intelligent Agent Based Hotel Search and Booking System". This system here would use an intelligent agent (instead of the human agent) to perform similar search and booking activities that can improve the speed of the search and reduce cost significantly. So in summary we propose developing a an agent that will move from hotel to hotel from the mobile devices like Smart phones by collecting details on the list of available facilities, price, customer experience, transportation etc and forward-feeding them back to the user's mobile phone. The implementation will be carried using JADE-LEAP agent development kit
{"title":"Intelligent agent based hotel search & booking system","authors":"C. McTavish, S. Sankaranarayanan","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612121","url":null,"abstract":"M-commerce (mobile commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services through wireless handheld devices such as cellular telephone and personal digital assistants PDA. M-commerce provides lot of services like Mobile ticketing, Mobile banking, Mobile location based services, Mobile auctions, Mobile purchasing and so on. This represents an incredible opportunity to enable mobile devices, as a universal device for mobile commerce applications. For such applications, we normally want to choose the best hotel in prime locations, with modern facilities, clean environment and affordable rates. This can be time consuming and sometimes costly when doing this on our own or using human agents. So based on this we here propose \"Intelligent Agent Based Hotel Search and Booking System\". This system here would use an intelligent agent (instead of the human agent) to perform similar search and booking activities that can improve the speed of the search and reduce cost significantly. So in summary we propose developing a an agent that will move from hotel to hotel from the mobile devices like Smart phones by collecting details on the list of available facilities, price, customer experience, transportation etc and forward-feeding them back to the user's mobile phone. The implementation will be carried using JADE-LEAP agent development kit","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123375377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612083
Lihao Hong, E. Salari, E. Chou
This paper presents a method for pavement crack detection, classification and evaluation using the Radon transform. The detection part of the algorithm is built upon the wavelet transform and the evaluation part is considered in the Radon transform domain. Since cracks have specific linear features in the space domain, the Radon transform can effectively be used on a binary image to classify and evaluate the cracks based on their possible patterns. The proposed algorithm assumes the fact that crack pixels are darker than their surroundings. The simulation results show that the proposed method is very effective and can provide information about the type and severity of the pavement cracks.
{"title":"Pavement information system: Detection, classification and evaluation","authors":"Lihao Hong, E. Salari, E. Chou","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612083","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for pavement crack detection, classification and evaluation using the Radon transform. The detection part of the algorithm is built upon the wavelet transform and the evaluation part is considered in the Radon transform domain. Since cracks have specific linear features in the space domain, the Radon transform can effectively be used on a binary image to classify and evaluate the cracks based on their possible patterns. The proposed algorithm assumes the fact that crack pixels are darker than their surroundings. The simulation results show that the proposed method is very effective and can provide information about the type and severity of the pavement cracks.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115795951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612116
P. R. Reddy, G. Swaroop, M. L. R. Teja
Water is a ubiquitous chemical substance that is composed of hydrogen and oxygen and it is vital for all known forms of life. Clean, fresh drinking water is essential for human and other life forms. Access to safe and hygienic drinking water has improved steadily and substantially over the last decades in almost every part of the world. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, which occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies, which is a major problem in the global context and it leads to dangerous water-borne diseases and physical deformities. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to continuously monitor the impurities that present in the water. The impurity content in the water can be monitored and indicated by a microprocessor controlled instrument.
{"title":"Mathematical analysis for constant household monitor of water pollution","authors":"P. R. Reddy, G. Swaroop, M. L. R. Teja","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612116","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a ubiquitous chemical substance that is composed of hydrogen and oxygen and it is vital for all known forms of life. Clean, fresh drinking water is essential for human and other life forms. Access to safe and hygienic drinking water has improved steadily and substantially over the last decades in almost every part of the world. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, which occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies, which is a major problem in the global context and it leads to dangerous water-borne diseases and physical deformities. In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to continuously monitor the impurities that present in the water. The impurity content in the water can be monitored and indicated by a microprocessor controlled instrument.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132188679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612181
A. Aljaafreh, Liang Dong
In this paper, multiple ground vehicles passing through a region that are observed by audio sensor arrays are efficiently classified using a Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model (HHMM). The states in the HHMM contain another HMM which represents a time sequence of the vehicle acoustic signals. The HMM represents the distribution of the output of the HHMM, where The HMM models the features of the continuous acoustic emissions. The output of the states of this HMM is modeled as Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), where the number of states and the number of Gaussians are experimentally determined, while the other parameters are estimated using Expectation Maximization (EM). The HHMM is used to model the sequence of the local decisions which are based on multiple hypothesis testing with maximum likelihood approach. The states in the HHMM represent various combinations of vehicles of different types. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of this scheme.
{"title":"Ground vehicle classification based on Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model and Gaussian Mixture Model using wireless sensor networks","authors":"A. Aljaafreh, Liang Dong","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612181","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, multiple ground vehicles passing through a region that are observed by audio sensor arrays are efficiently classified using a Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model (HHMM). The states in the HHMM contain another HMM which represents a time sequence of the vehicle acoustic signals. The HMM represents the distribution of the output of the HHMM, where The HMM models the features of the continuous acoustic emissions. The output of the states of this HMM is modeled as Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), where the number of states and the number of Gaussians are experimentally determined, while the other parameters are estimated using Expectation Maximization (EM). The HHMM is used to model the sequence of the local decisions which are based on multiple hypothesis testing with maximum likelihood approach. The states in the HHMM represent various combinations of vehicles of different types. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of this scheme.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127069520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/EIT.2010.5612180
Salar Alipour, Babak Hidaji, Amir Sabbagh Pour
Analyzing power consumption is a major factor in CMOS electronic design procedure. Power estimation approaches are more complicated than area and delay estimation since they depend on several factors such as signal transitions, clock frequency, CMOS technology, circuit's design and etc. This article describes different components of power dissipation in CMOS circuits such as Short Circuit, Static and Dynamic power, as a background to ease the way of further discussion on estimation methods. The major concept of the paper presents some power estimation methods at circuit and logic level and also static power analyses. Two main logic level estimation methods, Simulation-Based and probabilistic techniques are briefly described. The paper is finalized by comparison of the result of different power estimation method on an ALU circuit.
{"title":"Circuit level, static power, and logic level power analyses","authors":"Salar Alipour, Babak Hidaji, Amir Sabbagh Pour","doi":"10.1109/EIT.2010.5612180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EIT.2010.5612180","url":null,"abstract":"Analyzing power consumption is a major factor in CMOS electronic design procedure. Power estimation approaches are more complicated than area and delay estimation since they depend on several factors such as signal transitions, clock frequency, CMOS technology, circuit's design and etc. This article describes different components of power dissipation in CMOS circuits such as Short Circuit, Static and Dynamic power, as a background to ease the way of further discussion on estimation methods. The major concept of the paper presents some power estimation methods at circuit and logic level and also static power analyses. Two main logic level estimation methods, Simulation-Based and probabilistic techniques are briefly described. The paper is finalized by comparison of the result of different power estimation method on an ALU circuit.","PeriodicalId":305049,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116932857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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