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Spring 2023最新文献

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Impact of Methamphetamine (Ice) on the Socio-Economic Condition of Addicts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study 冰毒对巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省吸毒者社会经济状况的影响:一项定性研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.87
Sa Jan, M. Ibrar, A. Javed
Methamphetamine is a toxic and powerful drug which is popularly known as 'ice' in Pakistan. The use of ice has increased in the last decade in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. Objective: The objective of the current qualitative study was to explore the impact of methamphetamine on the social and economic condition of addicts in KP, Pakistan. Method: A total of 14 Anti Narcotic Force and Drug Rehabilitation Centers officials were selected through a purposive sampling technique, in Peshawar, Pakistan. For the collection of data, a self-designed interview guide was used. Results: The study found that the addicts faced multiple social and economic problems which includes social stigma, breakage of social relationships or isolation, selling of own valuables, stealing of valuables and becoming a drug peddler to finance his/her drug habit. Conclusions: The study recommends that the government may aware the public about the toxicity and misconceptions of methamphetamine use and family also may play a significant role in the prevention of methamphetamine use.
甲基苯丙胺是一种毒性很强的毒品,在巴基斯坦被普遍称为“冰”。在过去十年中,巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的冰的使用有所增加。目的:本定性研究的目的是探讨甲基苯丙胺对巴基斯坦KP吸毒者社会和经济状况的影响。方法:采用有目的抽样方法,在巴基斯坦白沙瓦抽取14名缉毒部队和戒毒中心官员。为了收集数据,我们使用了自己设计的访谈指南。结果:研究发现,吸毒人员面临着社会污名化、社会关系破裂或孤立、变卖自己的贵重物品、盗窃贵重物品、沦为毒贩以资助吸毒等多重社会经济问题。结论:本研究建议政府应提高公众对甲基苯丙胺使用的毒性和误解的认识,家庭在预防甲基苯丙胺使用方面也可发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Teacher Teaching Approaches on Students Engagement and Comprehension at University Level 高校教师教学方式对学生参与和理解的影响
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.362
Muhmmad Mujtaba Haider, Raham Zaid, Sultan Akbar Shah
Teachers influence academic engagement and lifelong achievement. However, little is known about whether instructional styles explain these associations or whether they differ across academic and "non-cognitive" outcomes. In classrooms, teacher-student interaction helps pupils learn. In this cross-sectional study of 229 university students, perceived teaching style and student engagement, curiosity, and comprehension are examined. Student Engagement Instrument and Curiosity and Comprehension Inventory were employed. Students perceived both Autonomous-supportive and controlling teaching approaches. However, students' ratings of teachers' support and control differed significantly (t (229)=3.942 and 4.774, respectively). Perceived autonomy support teaching style was moderately correlated with student engagement (r=.463), curiosity, and comprehension (r=.318). The findings explain how teaching style affects students' interest and classroom engagement.
教师影响学习投入和终身成就。然而,对于教学风格是否解释了这些关联,或者它们是否在学术和“非认知”结果中有所不同,人们知之甚少。在课堂上,师生互动有助于学生学习。在这项对229名大学生的横断面研究中,研究了感知教学风格与学生参与度、好奇心和理解力的关系。采用学生参与量表和好奇与理解量表。学生感知到自主支持和控制两种教学方法。然而,学生对教师支持和控制的评分差异显著(t(229)分别=3.942和4.774)。感知自主支持教学风格与学生参与度(r=.463)、好奇心和理解力(r=.318)有中度相关。研究结果解释了教学风格如何影响学生的兴趣和课堂参与度。
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引用次数: 0
Think How to Think: Studying the Relationship between Critical Thinking Skills and Academic Achievement of Learners at Higher Education 思考如何思考:高等教育学生批判性思维能力与学业成绩关系的研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.305
A. Zulfqar, Anam Hayat
The purpose of this research was twofold; to identify the relationship between critical thinking skills and academic achievement of students and explore the teachers’ perceptions of students’ critical thinking skills in higher education. Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies were adopted to collect data from university students and teachers. A public sector university was involved through purposive sampling to collect data from teachers and students. A test was developed for students based on the literature on critical thinking skills. Academic achievement was measured through the CGPA of students. A total of 800 students appeared in the test. Simple linear regression was applied to map the relationship between students' critical thinking skills and academic achievement. To collect data from teachers, a semi-structured interview protocol was developed in line with the test content. In total, 20 teachers were involved in collecting data. Thematic analysis was carried out to analyze qualitative data. The results of linear regression showed that there was no relationship between critical thinking skills and the academic achievement of students. They mainly reported their teaching methods and strategies. They rated a moderate level of critical thinking skills of their students. These results were contrasted with available research in higher education.
这项研究的目的是双重的;探讨批判性思维能力与学生学业成绩的关系,探讨高等教育中教师对学生批判性思维能力的看法。采用定量和定性相结合的方法对大学生和教师进行数据收集。一所公立大学通过有目的的抽样来收集教师和学生的数据。根据有关批判性思维能力的文献,为学生设计了一个测试。学业成绩是通过学生的CGPA来衡量的。总共有800名学生参加了考试。采用简单线性回归的方法绘制学生批判性思维能力与学业成绩之间的关系图。为了收集教师的数据,根据测试内容制定了半结构化访谈协议。总共有20名教师参与了数据收集。对定性数据进行专题分析。线性回归结果显示,批判性思维能力与学生学业成绩之间不存在相关性。他们主要报告了他们的教学方法和策略。他们对学生的批判性思维能力进行了中等程度的评估。这些结果与现有的高等教育研究进行了对比。
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引用次数: 0
Academic Motivation and Engagement: A Correlational Study of Students’ Perspective at Secondary School Level 学业动机与投入:中学生观点的相关研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.315
Noor Muhammad, A. Siddique, Sofia Jabeen, Muhammad Sohail AKhtar
The purpose of the quantitative correlational study was to investigate the association between students' academic motivation and academic engagement. This study included 600 10th-grade students who were selected at random from 20 secondary schools in the district Lahore. The data from selected students were gathered using two research instruments. The independent sample t-test, Pearson r, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. As r =.781 (p > 0.01), the findings demonstrated a strong and significant correlation between academic motivation and students' academic engagement. As a result, students' academic engagement was positively impacted by academic motivation. Academic motivation and academic engagement of students differed significantly by gender. Policy makers, teachers, and scholars are advised to pay particular consideration to each learner's level of academic engagement since it affects students' engagement with schoolwork.
本研究旨在探讨学生学业动机与学业投入的关系。本研究包括从拉合尔地区20所中学随机抽取的600名10年级学生。从选定的学生的数据收集使用两种研究工具。采用独立样本t检验、Pearson r和线性回归对数据进行分析。r =。781(p > 0.01),研究结果显示学习动机与学生的学习投入之间存在显著的相关性。因此,学生的学术投入受到学术动机的积极影响。学生的学习动机和学习投入在性别上存在显著差异。建议政策制定者、教师和学者特别考虑每个学习者的学术参与水平,因为它会影响学生对功课的参与。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of the Right to Information Act 2013 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan 巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省2013年《信息权法》分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.290
Shazia Sultan, Prof. Dr. Zahid Anwar
The right to information is a powerful tool of good governance without which Transparency and Accountability remain a mere aspiration and an allegory. The basic purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of RTI in general and to provide an overview of the introduction of this basic human right in the conflicts-affected province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan in particular. RTI ACT of 2013 in KP was the first serious effort of the PTI provincial government in the country. For accomplishing this task, qualitative methodology with primary and secondary sources as an instrument for collecting data has been employed. Key informant interviews were conducted with members of the Provincial Assembly of KP and officials in the RTI Commission to record their opinion about RTI. The piece of study has highlighted the brief history of the efforts of introducing this law in Pakistan and analyzed the features, mechanism, and success extent of the RTI Act 2013 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The paper concludes that the Act was highly respected throughout the country, as it was ranked 3rd in all global RTI Acts as it met basic international requirements like clearly defining and enumerating information and exemption from disclosure.
知情权是善治的有力工具,没有它,透明度和问责制只是一种愿望和寓言。本研究的基本目的是分析一般情况下RTI的重要性,并概述在受冲突影响的巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省引入这一基本人权的概况。2013年在KP的RTI ACT是PTI省政府在该国的第一次认真努力。为了完成这项任务,采用了定性方法和第一手和第二手来源作为收集数据的工具。与KP省议会的成员和RTI委员会的官员进行了重要的举报人访谈,以记录他们对RTI的看法。这项研究强调了在巴基斯坦引入这项法律的简史,并分析了开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省2013年RTI法案的特点、机制和成功程度。本文的结论是,该法案在全国范围内受到高度尊重,因为它满足了明确定义和列举信息以及豁免披露等基本国际要求,在所有全球RTI法案中排名第三。
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引用次数: 1
Existing Practices of Peace Education in Teacher Education Programs in Pakistan: Measuring Perceptions of Prospective Teachers 巴基斯坦教师教育计划中和平教育的现有实践:衡量未来教师的看法
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.333
B. Jamal, A. Kiran, F. Naz
The researchers aimed to explore the practices of prospective teachers regarding peace education in teacher education programs in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 500 prospective teachers from five public sector universities in Punjab, Pakistan were the population size while the sample respondents were 200 prospective teachers including 100 male and 100 female prospective teachers. The survey method was used to collect the data through a self-developed questionnaire based on 13 themes using a simple random sampling technique. The validity of the tool was properly ensured through experts' opinions and the instrument was also refined two times in the light of opinions received from experts. The reliability of Cronbach's Alpha value was found .88. The collected data was organized properly in the form of tables. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data such as frequency, mean score difference, standard deviation, percentage, t-value and p-value. The research concluded that the majority of the prospective teachers were hopeful about the practices of peace education but peace education is not presented in the curriculum of teacher education programs. Moreover, the male teachers' awareness was more as compared to female teachers.
本研究旨在探讨巴基斯坦旁遮普教师教育计划中未来教师关于和平教育的实践。来自巴基斯坦旁遮普省五所公立大学的500名准教师是人口规模,而样本受访者是200名准教师,其中包括100名男性和100名女性准教师。调查法采用简单随机抽样的方法,根据13个主题自行编制问卷进行数据收集。通过专家意见,适当保证了工具的有效性,并根据专家意见,对工具进行了两次完善。Cronbach’s Alpha值的信度为0.88。收集到的数据以表格的形式进行了适当的组织。采用描述统计和推理统计两种方法对数据进行分析,如频率、平均分差、标准差、百分比、t值、p值等。研究发现,大部分准教师对和平教育的实践抱有希望,但和平教育并没有出现在教师教育课程中。此外,男教师的意识比女教师更强。
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引用次数: 0
Language, Society and Gender: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Linguistic Variation in the Language of Men and Women in the Movie North Country 语言、社会与性别:电影《北方国家》中男女语言差异的批判性话语分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.265
Muhammad Salman, Sulaiman Ahmad, Khushnood Arshad
The present research is the study of linguistic variations in the language of males and females in the movie North Country. By applying Robin Lakoff's deficit theory to the work, the research highlighted the difference based on hedging, tag questions, and intensifiers. Language variation in gender was a common topic in the 1970s, but till now not much empirical evidence is present to support Robin Lakoff’s theory, the research has provided a firm ground for the theory. The research study is a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the discourse of males and females in the movie "North Country." The research study findings in accordance with its objectives show how male and female's language differs from each other by providing empirical evidence, as males and females show different trends in the use of tag questions, hedging, and intensifiers. This is a highly significant study academically it will provide analyzed data with evidence to students of genderlect.
本研究是对电影《北方之国》中男女语言差异的研究。通过将Robin Lakoff的赤字理论应用到工作中,研究突出了基于回避、附加疑问句和强化词的差异。语言的性别变异在20世纪70年代是一个常见的话题,但到目前为止还没有太多的经验证据支持Robin Lakoff的理论,该研究为该理论提供了坚实的基础。本研究是对电影《北方》中男性和女性的话语进行定性和定量分析。根据其研究目的,研究结果通过提供经验证据来显示男性和女性的语言差异,因为男性和女性在使用附加疑问句、限制语和加强语方面表现出不同的趋势。这是一项非常重要的学术研究,它将为性别选择的学生提供分析数据和证据。
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引用次数: 0
Is Is IT Revolution and Digitalization a Curse? A Comprehensive Model of Turnover Intention in the Private Banking Sector of Pakistan IT革命和数字化是诅咒吗?巴基斯坦私人银行部门离职意愿综合模型
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.346
M. Shahid, Rabia Mumtaz, Tehseen Azhar, Shahid Mehmood, Jawad Khalil
Digitalization decreases job satisfaction by increasing pressure, fear of job loss, and deteriorating work-life balance. The study investigates the nexus of customer incivility, workplace incivility, employee religious perception, digitalization, HRM practices, and employee turnover intention in the presence of practical commitment as a mediator and servant leadership as a moderator. Further, the current study also examines the relationship between practical commitment and employee turnover intention. Data was collected through a self-administrator questionnaire from frontline employees of private banks in Punjab, Pakistan. Data analysis was done through SPSS and PLS software. The current study results have revealed that WPI, CI, ERP, DEG, and HRM practices are significantly associated with employees’ job attitudes, such as EC and TI. Further, Effective commitment positively mediates relationships. Moreover, servant leadership successfully moderates the relationship between EC and TI. In light of the above results, the current study recommended that WPI, CI, ERP, DEG, and HRM practices are significant factors for the future success of the service sector in developing countries like Pakistan. The current study contributes to the literature on Change, IT revolution, digitalization, and its adverse effects through the lens of resource conservation theory to explain the phenomena of turnover intention framework, which is the uniqueness of the current study.
数字化通过增加压力、担心失业和恶化工作与生活的平衡来降低工作满意度。本研究探讨了客户不文明行为、工作场所不文明行为、员工宗教感知、数字化、人力资源管理实践和员工离职意图之间的关系,其中实际承诺作为中介,仆人式领导作为调节。此外,本研究还探讨了实际承诺与员工离职倾向之间的关系。数据是通过对巴基斯坦旁遮普省私人银行一线员工的自我管理问卷调查收集的。通过SPSS和PLS软件进行数据分析。目前的研究结果表明,WPI、CI、ERP、DEG和HRM实践与员工的工作态度(如EC和TI)显著相关。此外,有效承诺正向中介关系。此外,仆人式领导成功地调节了电子商务与信息技术之间的关系。鉴于上述结果,目前的研究建议,WPI、CI、ERP、DEG和人力资源管理实践是巴基斯坦等发展中国家服务业未来成功的重要因素。本研究的独特之处是通过资源守恒理论的视角,对变革、IT革命、数字化及其负面影响等方面的文献进行梳理,解释离职意向框架现象。
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引用次数: 1
Colonialism as a Profession: A Precursor of Moral Degradation in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness 作为职业的殖民主义:约瑟夫·康拉德《黑暗之心》中道德堕落的前兆
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.275
Mudassar Khan, Usama Naseer, A. Rahim
This paper examines the negative effects of colonialism as a profession on the European colonizers, particularly Mr Kurtz in the novella Heart of Darkness. The present study intends to analyze the idea that not only the African wilderness is responsible for the moral corruption of Mr Kurtz and his companions, but his profession is also a reasonable cause. The paper also explores how the narrator of the story, Marlow, who is also a part of the colonial system, distorts reality and blames only the African environment for the mental degradation of Mr Kurtz. In this regard, Frantz Fanon’s concept of violence is used to illustrate these problems in the given novella. The study concludes that although Marlow only reprehends the African wilderness for the moral collapse of Mr Kurtz, colonialism as a violent profession is also a substantial factor responsible for his extreme behaviour.
本文考察了殖民主义作为一种职业对欧洲殖民者的负面影响,尤其是库尔茨的中篇小说《黑暗之心》。本研究旨在分析这样一种观点,即不仅非洲的荒野对库尔茨及其同伴的道德败坏负有责任,而且他的职业也是一个合理的原因。文章还探讨了故事的叙述者马洛(Marlow)是如何扭曲现实的,他也是殖民体系的一部分,并将库尔茨精神退化的原因归咎于非洲的环境。在这方面,弗朗茨·法农的暴力概念被用来说明这些问题在给定的中篇小说。研究得出的结论是,尽管马洛只是因为库尔茨的道德崩溃而谴责非洲荒野,但作为一种暴力职业的殖民主义也是导致他极端行为的重要因素。
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引用次数: 0
The Nexus between Fintech and Financial Stability; Moderated Mediated by Financial Inclusion and Economic Vulnerability: Evidence from Cross-country Analysis 金融科技与金融稳定的关系研究金融普惠与经济脆弱性的调节中介:来自跨国分析的证据
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v3i2.357
Bushra Ayaz, Mustafa Afeef, Shahid Jan
Financial innovations are essential for fostering economic expansion. The outcomes of studies looking into this connection have been conflicting. No research to yet made an attempt to investigate the potential mediating function of financial inclusion in articulating the link between innovations and growth. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of how income inequality might be addressed in developing, least developed, and low-income nations, this study makes a unique addition by looking at the joint dynamics among the four constructs. In order to promote financial inclusion and economic progress, the findings suggested that governments should make investments in the technology infrastructure that the financial sector may use to deliver financial services.
金融创新对促进经济扩张至关重要。调查这种联系的研究结果是相互矛盾的。到目前为止,还没有研究试图调查普惠金融在阐明创新与增长之间的联系方面的潜在中介作用。为了全面了解如何在发展中国家、最不发达国家和低收入国家解决收入不平等问题,本研究通过观察这四个结构之间的联合动态进行了独特的补充。为了促进金融普惠和经济进步,研究结果表明,政府应投资于金融部门可能用于提供金融服务的技术基础设施。
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引用次数: 0
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Spring 2023
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