The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the classroom environment of schools and the moral values of secondary school students. Specifically, the study focused on exploring the perceptions of secondary school teachers regarding the classroom environment and the levels of moral values exhibited by students. A sample of 1288 secondary school teachers was selected for the study, representing ten districts within the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. To ensure comprehensive representation, the sample included 200 secondary school teachers from each district. The selection of teachers was carried out using a non-random approach, with 100 teachers chosen from rural areas and 100 teachers from urban areas within each district. This sampling strategy aimed to capture a diverse range of perspectives on the classroom environment and its impact on students' moral values. In order to examine the relationship between the classroom environment and students' moral values, a correlation analysis was conducted. The results of the analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between the classroom environment and the moral values of students. This finding suggests that the classroom environment plays a significant role in shaping and influencing the development of students' moral values. The recommendations derived from the study offer practical implications for educators and policymakers to enhance the classroom environment and facilitate the cultivation of positive moral values among students.
{"title":"Relationship between Classroom Environment and Moral Values of Secondary School Students","authors":"M. Junaid, Rukhshanda Mushtaq, Asifa Iqbal","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.342","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the classroom environment of schools and the moral values of secondary school students. Specifically, the study focused on exploring the perceptions of secondary school teachers regarding the classroom environment and the levels of moral values exhibited by students. A sample of 1288 secondary school teachers was selected for the study, representing ten districts within the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. To ensure comprehensive representation, the sample included 200 secondary school teachers from each district. The selection of teachers was carried out using a non-random approach, with 100 teachers chosen from rural areas and 100 teachers from urban areas within each district. This sampling strategy aimed to capture a diverse range of perspectives on the classroom environment and its impact on students' moral values. In order to examine the relationship between the classroom environment and students' moral values, a correlation analysis was conducted. The results of the analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between the classroom environment and the moral values of students. This finding suggests that the classroom environment plays a significant role in shaping and influencing the development of students' moral values. The recommendations derived from the study offer practical implications for educators and policymakers to enhance the classroom environment and facilitate the cultivation of positive moral values among students.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127099876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehtab Begum Siddiqui, Anila Devi, Ali Raza, Ghulam Fiza Shah, M. Khokhar
This paper is purposely prepared to explore the significance of marketing intelligence in primary marketing development, specifically with regard to SWOT analysis. It also aims to identify common issues associated with SWOT analysis and propose a systematic approach to addressing them. This topic has been widely discussed in the research field, and while there have been previous efforts to address it, there is still potential for further exploration and development. The paper is based on a comprehensive literature review, which suggests that pre-job assessment can have a positive impact on the effectiveness of primary marketing planning by evaluating the SWOT analysis. Optimistically, this paper will help marketing managers understand the standing of marketing intelligence, advertising vision and pre-job valuation in evolving operative primary promotion plans.
{"title":"A Conceptual Underpinnings on Appraising SWOT Analysis as the Conciliator Strategic Marketing Planning through Marketing Intelligence","authors":"Mehtab Begum Siddiqui, Anila Devi, Ali Raza, Ghulam Fiza Shah, M. Khokhar","doi":"10.54183/ssr.v3i2.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/ssr.v3i2.289","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is purposely prepared to explore the significance of marketing intelligence in primary marketing development, specifically with regard to SWOT analysis. It also aims to identify common issues associated with SWOT analysis and propose a systematic approach to addressing them. This topic has been widely discussed in the research field, and while there have been previous efforts to address it, there is still potential for further exploration and development. The paper is based on a comprehensive literature review, which suggests that pre-job assessment can have a positive impact on the effectiveness of primary marketing planning by evaluating the SWOT analysis. Optimistically, this paper will help marketing managers understand the standing of marketing intelligence, advertising vision and pre-job valuation in evolving operative primary promotion plans.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115066476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focuses on exploring the causes and consequences of child labour on children's health among Afghan’s refugees living in Peshawar. Data were collected from 100 child labour respondents through in-depth interviews from an area of research, and results were drawn through analysis to reach a conclusion. This study found that these child labour respondents have body aches, headaches and joint pain, skin disease, eye problems, coughing, and tiredness, are affected by large family size, facing harassment at the workplace that torcher them physically and mentally as there is no such mechanism that can cure their illness or address their harassment issue. Long working hours, less rest, and heavy loads affect their health negatively. Due to a lack of money and time, these children cannot visit doctors. Even if a doctor's check is free of cost, they do not purchase medicine. These children often rely upon homemade medicine, which is offered by their families. Therefore, this study found that health issues among child labour respondents are a common phenomenon, and treatment issues need to be resolved for their health and their future.
{"title":"Causes and Consequences of Child Labour on Children’s Health: A Case Study of Afghan’s Refugee Child Labourer in Peshawar","authors":"Sheheryar Khan, M. Ibrar","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.131","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on exploring the causes and consequences of child labour on children's health among Afghan’s refugees living in Peshawar. Data were collected from 100 child labour respondents through in-depth interviews from an area of research, and results were drawn through analysis to reach a conclusion. This study found that these child labour respondents have body aches, headaches and joint pain, skin disease, eye problems, coughing, and tiredness, are affected by large family size, facing harassment at the workplace that torcher them physically and mentally as there is no such mechanism that can cure their illness or address their harassment issue. Long working hours, less rest, and heavy loads affect their health negatively. Due to a lack of money and time, these children cannot visit doctors. Even if a doctor's check is free of cost, they do not purchase medicine. These children often rely upon homemade medicine, which is offered by their families. Therefore, this study found that health issues among child labour respondents are a common phenomenon, and treatment issues need to be resolved for their health and their future.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116430255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Rehman, Shahid Rasool, Sharmeen Ramzan, Sara Iftikhar, Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad
Brand equity is an essential concept in marketing, representing the intangible value of an organization's brand. This study focuses on the mobile industry in Punjab, Pakistan, analyzing four determinants of brand equity: brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. Conveniently sampling 350 respondents from major cities in Punjab, with a response rate of 94%, the research establishes four hypotheses. Data analysis, based on 34 items and utilizing Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .854, reveals that brand awareness and brand association have a positive and significant impact on brand equity. However, perceived quality has a negative and significant impact, while brand loyalty has a negative and insignificant impact. Notably, brand awareness emerges as the most influential determinant of brand equity in the mobile sector.
{"title":"Determinants of Brand Equity (Consumer Base Brand Equity): A Verification Approach on Mobile Sector","authors":"Z. Rehman, Shahid Rasool, Sharmeen Ramzan, Sara Iftikhar, Muhammad Aqtab Ahmad","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.329","url":null,"abstract":"Brand equity is an essential concept in marketing, representing the intangible value of an organization's brand. This study focuses on the mobile industry in Punjab, Pakistan, analyzing four determinants of brand equity: brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty. Conveniently sampling 350 respondents from major cities in Punjab, with a response rate of 94%, the research establishes four hypotheses. Data analysis, based on 34 items and utilizing Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .854, reveals that brand awareness and brand association have a positive and significant impact on brand equity. However, perceived quality has a negative and significant impact, while brand loyalty has a negative and insignificant impact. Notably, brand awareness emerges as the most influential determinant of brand equity in the mobile sector.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129858397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pakistan is a multi-ethnic state, and as such, there has been a federal structure since its creation in 1947 to address ethnic issues effectively. The center-province relations have, however, suffered many ups and downs on certain issues, such as provincial autonomy and distribution of financial resources. The study in hand aims to investigate the relations between the Provincial Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Federal Government of Pakistan at the center from 2008 to 2013. The focus here is on the PPPP-led government at the center and the ANP-led government in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study proves that there was a significant improvement in the center-province relations in the case of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the period under study. The introduction of the 18th Amendment to the constitution of Pakistan settled the longstanding issues of provincial autonomy and replaced the colonial name of the Province of North-West Frontier Province with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In the financial sphere, the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award was a major achievement that enhanced the provincial share in financial resources. However, differences in the net-hydel profit could not be settled.
{"title":"Centre-Province Relations in Pakistan: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (2008-2013)","authors":"Rashid S. Ahmad, Yunas Khan","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.317","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is a multi-ethnic state, and as such, there has been a federal structure since its creation in 1947 to address ethnic issues effectively. The center-province relations have, however, suffered many ups and downs on certain issues, such as provincial autonomy and distribution of financial resources. The study in hand aims to investigate the relations between the Provincial Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Federal Government of Pakistan at the center from 2008 to 2013. The focus here is on the PPPP-led government at the center and the ANP-led government in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study proves that there was a significant improvement in the center-province relations in the case of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the period under study. The introduction of the 18th Amendment to the constitution of Pakistan settled the longstanding issues of provincial autonomy and replaced the colonial name of the Province of North-West Frontier Province with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In the financial sphere, the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award was a major achievement that enhanced the provincial share in financial resources. However, differences in the net-hydel profit could not be settled.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128778844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Industrial pollution has adverse effects on the human health. The prevalence of several toxic and chemical substances emitted from industries affects human health badly. The present research study has mainly focused on analysing the socio-economic conditions, health issues and causal environmental factors associated with prevalent health problems of the respondents residing near the S.I.T.E area in Karachi. In order to analyse the impact of industrial pollution on human health, the researcher has obtained data from 150 study participants through a structured questionnaire based on five points Likert scale. Two different groups, factory workers and people residing near the industrial area are recruited for the collection of data. A sample size of 75 workers and 75 heads of the house residing within 2 K.M range of industrial area were recruited by using a systematic random sampling technique. The findings of the research study show that there is a significant relationship between air pollution and the prevalence of respiratory diseases. The main pollution sources in the study areas were industries, traffic congestion, and domestic and water pollution. It is suggested that mitigation strategies should be formulated to combat industrial pollution, and significant healthcare services should be provided to the people residing near the industrial areas.
{"title":"Impacts of Industrial Pollution on Human Health: A Case Study of S.I.T.E Area Karachi","authors":"M. F. Hayat, Aamir Abbas","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.277","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial pollution has adverse effects on the human health. The prevalence of several toxic and chemical substances emitted from industries affects human health badly. The present research study has mainly focused on analysing the socio-economic conditions, health issues and causal environmental factors associated with prevalent health problems of the respondents residing near the S.I.T.E area in Karachi. In order to analyse the impact of industrial pollution on human health, the researcher has obtained data from 150 study participants through a structured questionnaire based on five points Likert scale. Two different groups, factory workers and people residing near the industrial area are recruited for the collection of data. A sample size of 75 workers and 75 heads of the house residing within 2 K.M range of industrial area were recruited by using a systematic random sampling technique. The findings of the research study show that there is a significant relationship between air pollution and the prevalence of respiratory diseases. The main pollution sources in the study areas were industries, traffic congestion, and domestic and water pollution. It is suggested that mitigation strategies should be formulated to combat industrial pollution, and significant healthcare services should be provided to the people residing near the industrial areas.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114554243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maleeha Shahid Sameeni, Faisal Qadeer, Sana Shahid, Mehreen Khurram
Despite existing studies on negative consumer-brand relationships, understanding of extreme negative states, such as brand betrayal and brand hate, is still in the infancy stage. The current study addresses this crucial gap by investigating the effect of brand betrayal on brand hate and subsequent consumer behaviors. Specifically, it examines the effect of two different forms of betrayal (i.e., performance versus value-based betrayal) in influencing brand hate and unfavorable consumer behaviors (i.e., vindictive complaining and boycotting). The study respondents were recruited and surveyed online via Prolific. The sample included 391 responses which were further divided into two groups, i.e., one who suffered from performance-based betrayal and the other from value-based betrayal. The findings reveal a significant positive association of brand betrayal with brand hate, vindictive complaining, and consumer boycott. Interestingly, the magnitude of the effects of value-based brand betrayal is greater than that of performance-based betrayal. Moreover, brand hate is significantly associated with vindictive complaining and consumer boycotts. The findings enrich negative consumer-brand relationship literature and provide managerial guidance for devising effective strategies for brand transgressions.
{"title":"Differential Effects of Performance versus Value-based Brand Betrayal on Hate and Unfavorable Consumer Behaviors","authors":"Maleeha Shahid Sameeni, Faisal Qadeer, Sana Shahid, Mehreen Khurram","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.236","url":null,"abstract":"Despite existing studies on negative consumer-brand relationships, understanding of extreme negative states, such as brand betrayal and brand hate, is still in the infancy stage. The current study addresses this crucial gap by investigating the effect of brand betrayal on brand hate and subsequent consumer behaviors. Specifically, it examines the effect of two different forms of betrayal (i.e., performance versus value-based betrayal) in influencing brand hate and unfavorable consumer behaviors (i.e., vindictive complaining and boycotting). The study respondents were recruited and surveyed online via Prolific. The sample included 391 responses which were further divided into two groups, i.e., one who suffered from performance-based betrayal and the other from value-based betrayal. The findings reveal a significant positive association of brand betrayal with brand hate, vindictive complaining, and consumer boycott. Interestingly, the magnitude of the effects of value-based brand betrayal is greater than that of performance-based betrayal. Moreover, brand hate is significantly associated with vindictive complaining and consumer boycotts. The findings enrich negative consumer-brand relationship literature and provide managerial guidance for devising effective strategies for brand transgressions.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121799743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khadija Shahzad, M. Quresh, M. Ahmed, Muhammad Hamid Nawaz Khan, Kamran Jamshed
This quantitative research study investigates the role of marketing ethics in ensuring clients' satisfaction, with a sample size of 200 participants drawn from a specific population. The primary objective of this research is to examine the relationship between marketing ethics and clients' satisfaction levels. The study aims to determine whether ethical marketing practices positively influence clients' perception of an organization and their satisfaction with its products or services. To achieve this objective, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered to the selected sample. The questionnaire includes items that assess participants' awareness and perception of marketing ethics, as well as their satisfaction levels. The findings of the study were analyzed using statistical techniques, including correlation analysis and regression analysis, to explore the potential relationship between marketing ethics and client satisfaction. The results provided insights into the extent to which ethical marketing practices impact clients' satisfaction levels. The implications of this research are significant for organizations operating in diverse industries. In conclusion, this quantitative research study aims to fill a gap in the literature by examining the role of marketing ethics in ensuring clients' satisfaction. The findings provided valuable insights for organizations seeking to align their marketing practices with ethical standards and enhance their relationships with clients.
{"title":"The Role of Marketing Ethics in Ensuring Clients' Satisfaction","authors":"Khadija Shahzad, M. Quresh, M. Ahmed, Muhammad Hamid Nawaz Khan, Kamran Jamshed","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.325","url":null,"abstract":"This quantitative research study investigates the role of marketing ethics in ensuring clients' satisfaction, with a sample size of 200 participants drawn from a specific population. The primary objective of this research is to examine the relationship between marketing ethics and clients' satisfaction levels. The study aims to determine whether ethical marketing practices positively influence clients' perception of an organization and their satisfaction with its products or services. To achieve this objective, a structured questionnaire was developed and administered to the selected sample. The questionnaire includes items that assess participants' awareness and perception of marketing ethics, as well as their satisfaction levels. The findings of the study were analyzed using statistical techniques, including correlation analysis and regression analysis, to explore the potential relationship between marketing ethics and client satisfaction. The results provided insights into the extent to which ethical marketing practices impact clients' satisfaction levels. The implications of this research are significant for organizations operating in diverse industries. In conclusion, this quantitative research study aims to fill a gap in the literature by examining the role of marketing ethics in ensuring clients' satisfaction. The findings provided valuable insights for organizations seeking to align their marketing practices with ethical standards and enhance their relationships with clients.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124383900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aftab Hussain, Huda Khan, Imran Ajaml, Yasmin Akhtar
Personality characteristics such as narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy are considered dark triad features. These are linked with a range of negative outcomes. Social media usage is growing more and more popular every day. However, people's functionality declines with frequent usage of social media. The overall sample of the research was consisting of (N= 400) out of which (211 were female and 189 were male) ranging in age from 17 to 41 years recruited by consecutive sampling. Data was gathered by using the Social Media Addiction Scale developed by Tutgunl & Deniz (2015) and the Short Dark Triad Scale developed by Paulhus (2014). Results obtained by using bivariate correlation showed that all three traits of the Dark Personality Triad were positively correlated with social media addiction. Male respondents have a higher level of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy than female respondents, while female participants were a higher level of social media addiction than male participants. On the other hand, both genders scored equally on the narcissism dark personality triadThere was a slight difference in Machiavellianism and psychopathology scores among married and unmarried students. The unmarried students reported slightly higher scores on Machiavellianism and psychopathology traits. Lastly, the results also reported that use of social media addiction was higher among married students as compared with unmarried students.
自恋、马基雅维利主义和精神病等人格特征被认为是黑暗三位一体的特征。这些都与一系列负面结果有关。社交媒体的使用每天都变得越来越流行。然而，人们的功能随着频繁使用社交媒体而下降。研究的总体样本由(N= 400)人组成，其中女性211人，男性189人，年龄在17 - 41岁之间，采用连续抽样的方法招募。数据收集使用Tutgunl & Deniz(2015)开发的社交媒体成瘾量表和Paulhus(2014)开发的Short Dark Triad量表。双变量相关分析结果显示，黑暗人格三联征的三个特征均与社交媒体成瘾呈正相关。男性受访者的马基雅维利主义、自恋和精神变态程度高于女性受访者，而女性受访者的社交媒体成瘾程度高于男性受访者。另一方面，男女学生在自恋和黑暗人格三方面的得分相同，已婚和未婚学生在马基雅维利主义和精神病理学方面的得分略有不同。未婚学生在马基雅维利主义和精神病理特征上的得分略高。最后，研究结果还显示，已婚学生对社交媒体的依赖程度高于未婚学生。
{"title":"Relationship of Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy Personality Traits with Social Media Addiction among Adults: Gender and Marital Status are in Focus","authors":"Aftab Hussain, Huda Khan, Imran Ajaml, Yasmin Akhtar","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.334","url":null,"abstract":"Personality characteristics such as narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy are considered dark triad features. These are linked with a range of negative outcomes. Social media usage is growing more and more popular every day. However, people's functionality declines with frequent usage of social media. The overall sample of the research was consisting of (N= 400) out of which (211 were female and 189 were male) ranging in age from 17 to 41 years recruited by consecutive sampling. Data was gathered by using the Social Media Addiction Scale developed by Tutgunl & Deniz (2015) and the Short Dark Triad Scale developed by Paulhus (2014). Results obtained by using bivariate correlation showed that all three traits of the Dark Personality Triad were positively correlated with social media addiction. Male respondents have a higher level of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy than female respondents, while female participants were a higher level of social media addiction than male participants. On the other hand, both genders scored equally on the narcissism dark personality triadThere was a slight difference in Machiavellianism and psychopathology scores among married and unmarried students. The unmarried students reported slightly higher scores on Machiavellianism and psychopathology traits. Lastly, the results also reported that use of social media addiction was higher among married students as compared with unmarried students.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114693185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The River Swat is one of Pakistan's interior rivers, lying in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Despite being semi-dry, the area is a significant grain and fruit-producing area. However, persistent drought in recent years, along with excessive water extraction, has resulted in a constant decline of water pouring into the Swat River's mainstream, resulting in serious deterioration of ecosystems along the river's lower reaches. Water pricing is the best tool to control the misuse of water resources and will lead to the optimum use of this very precious resource. 300 farmers were chosen randomly and a preliminary test of the quantitative questionnaire was conducted before data collection to ensure clarity. To analyze the quantitative dataset Multinomial Logistic Regression, a version of ordinary regression was used. Farmers in the study area who face a 100% rise in water prices were polled to gauge their reactions. The results reveal that factors that are "total land area", "age", "total farm income", "slight water shortage", & "presence of fruit plants" are statistically significant. According to the finding, many farmers reacted to the rise in irrigation water prices and they were ready to use irrigation water more efficiently. This study also observed and concluded that just raising the irrigation water price is not a realistic and permanent solution.
{"title":"Farmer Response to Change in Irrigation Water Pricing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis","authors":"Tariq, Javid Iqbal, Z. Haq","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v3i2.316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v3i2.316","url":null,"abstract":"The River Swat is one of Pakistan's interior rivers, lying in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Despite being semi-dry, the area is a significant grain and fruit-producing area. However, persistent drought in recent years, along with excessive water extraction, has resulted in a constant decline of water pouring into the Swat River's mainstream, resulting in serious deterioration of ecosystems along the river's lower reaches. Water pricing is the best tool to control the misuse of water resources and will lead to the optimum use of this very precious resource. 300 farmers were chosen randomly and a preliminary test of the quantitative questionnaire was conducted before data collection to ensure clarity. To analyze the quantitative dataset Multinomial Logistic Regression, a version of ordinary regression was used. Farmers in the study area who face a 100% rise in water prices were polled to gauge their reactions. The results reveal that factors that are \"total land area\", \"age\", \"total farm income\", \"slight water shortage\", & \"presence of fruit plants\" are statistically significant. According to the finding, many farmers reacted to the rise in irrigation water prices and they were ready to use irrigation water more efficiently. This study also observed and concluded that just raising the irrigation water price is not a realistic and permanent solution.","PeriodicalId":305127,"journal":{"name":"Spring 2023","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123921868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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