Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.66.75
N. Pidbutska, A. Knysh, Yuliia Demidova
Aim. The article is aimed at determining the indicators of psychological safety inherent in volunteers with signs of emotional exhaustion in combat zones. Methods. The study included the following methods: a) testing: Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire (EEQ), Psychological Safety of Individual Questionnaire; b)statistical analysis: methods of descriptive statistics (percentage, minimum, maximum, range, standard error, mean, standard deviation). The group of respondents included 48 people, who were involved in volunteer activities in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine from March 2022 up to November 2022. Results. It was determined that the largest subgroup in the general group of respondents were volunteers with a high level of emotional exhaustion (46%) – these are people who feel general tension and do not remember the last time they experienced positive emotions. Among all the indicators of psychological safety, the indicators of moral-communicative and internal comfort turned out to be the least developed. Conclusions. Volunteer groups need specially organized psychological help and support, just like military or military medics. The constant danger of the activity, the need to be in contact with different people, moral fatigue lead to rapid emotional exhaustion and can causehealth disorders or even cost the volunteer's life.
{"title":"Psychological Safety of Volunteers During the War","authors":"N. Pidbutska, A. Knysh, Yuliia Demidova","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.66.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.66.75","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article is aimed at determining the indicators of psychological safety inherent in volunteers with signs of emotional exhaustion in combat zones.\u0000Methods. The study included the following methods: a) testing: Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire (EEQ), Psychological Safety of Individual Questionnaire; b)statistical analysis: methods of descriptive statistics (percentage, minimum, maximum, range, standard error, mean, standard deviation). The group of respondents included 48 people, who were involved in volunteer activities in the Kharkiv region of Ukraine from March 2022 up to November 2022.\u0000Results. It was determined that the largest subgroup in the general group of respondents were volunteers with a high level of emotional exhaustion (46%) – these are people who feel general tension and do not remember the last time they experienced positive emotions. Among all the indicators of psychological safety, the indicators of moral-communicative and internal comfort turned out to be the least developed.\u0000Conclusions. Volunteer groups need specially organized psychological help and support, just like military or military medics. The constant danger of the activity, the need to be in contact with different people, moral fatigue lead to rapid emotional exhaustion and can causehealth disorders or even cost the volunteer's life.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41297365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.269.287
Anastasiia Shyroka, O. Senyk, T. Zavada, Olena Vons, A. Kornadt
Aim. The ability to regulate emotions depends on many factors, but for displaced persons, the satisfaction of basic needs is likely to be among the most important. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the degree of basic needs satisfaction and their relationship with indicators of emotion regulation in parents displaced within Ukraine and abroad due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Methods. The study sample comprised of parents (98% of whom were mothers), aged 18-55, who fled the war from 23 different regions of Ukraine to the safer Ukrainian regions (N = 99) or abroad (N = 241). Participants answered questions about their demographics, basic needs satisfaction, and emotion regulation. Results. There was no significant difference between parents displaced in Ukraine or abroad in access to basic resources, conditions of accommodation, medical care and emotional support, but parents abroad had better access to employment and education of their children. Parents in both groups had positive (refocused on planning, put the situation into perspective) and negative (rumination) strategies of emotion regulation. Parents who had higher level of their basic needs’ satisfaction, scored higher on positive emotion regulation strategies and were less likely to experience emotion regulation difficulties. Conclusion. Basic needs satisfaction can be considered an important protective factor for displaced persons’ emotional regulation. The obtained results allowed drawing of conclusions only about people who were able to participate in the study. The problem of access to a broader target population is discussed.
{"title":"“Should I Stay or Should I Go?” Relationships Between Emotion Regulation and Basic Needs Satisfaction of Parents Displaced in Ukraine and Abroad (During the First 6 Months of The Russian Invasion of Ukraine)","authors":"Anastasiia Shyroka, O. Senyk, T. Zavada, Olena Vons, A. Kornadt","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.269.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.269.287","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The ability to regulate emotions depends on many factors, but for displaced persons, the satisfaction of basic needs is likely to be among the most important. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the degree of basic needs satisfaction and their relationship with indicators of emotion regulation in parents displaced within Ukraine and abroad due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.\u0000Methods. The study sample comprised of parents (98% of whom were mothers), aged 18-55, who fled the war from 23 different regions of Ukraine to the safer Ukrainian regions (N = 99) or abroad (N = 241). Participants answered questions about their demographics, basic needs satisfaction, and emotion regulation.\u0000Results. There was no significant difference between parents displaced in Ukraine or abroad in access to basic resources, conditions of accommodation, medical care and emotional support, but parents abroad had better access to employment and education of their children. Parents in both groups had positive (refocused on planning, put the situation into perspective) and negative (rumination) strategies of emotion regulation. Parents who had higher level of their basic needs’ satisfaction, scored higher on positive emotion regulation strategies and were less likely to experience emotion regulation difficulties.\u0000Conclusion. Basic needs satisfaction can be considered an important protective factor for displaced persons’ emotional regulation. The obtained results allowed drawing of conclusions only about people who were able to participate in the study. The problem of access to a broader target population is discussed.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46053693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.33.52
Kristína Jakubovská, V. Jakubovská
Aim. The study explores the importance of culture of reminiscence with its identificational and integrational potential for the society and the ways that culture of reminiscence is applied within cultural institutions by means of cultural education. Methods. We used several scientific methods such as relational and content analysis, observation, induction and heuristics. Results. The research study summarises the role of cultural institutions within the culture of reminiscence and outlines various forms of reminiscence to be observed in cultural educational programmes. It explains the potential of cultural institutions and the roles they play within collective commemorating. It has interdisciplinary and applicational character and includes practical tips for cultural managers and cultural educators. Conclusion. Collective memory is an important condition for reproduction of culture and cultural identities. Individual memory is determined by social and cultural contexts (reference to Maurice Halbwachs´s social frames of memory). Cultural education naturally works with the notions of collective memory, traditions, identity and reminiscence. At the same time, it resembles a tool by means of which cultural identity, character and collective memory of individuals and social groups can be consciously shaped. Beside identificational context, there is also a prospective integrational and inclusive potential of cultural education. Several forms of reminiscence are applied within cultural education: reminiscence as reconstruction; reminiscence as (re)interpretation; reminiscence as creation; reminiscence as prevention and civic involvement; reminiscence as a tool of forming cultural identity; reminiscence as an expert reflection.
{"title":"Culture of Reminiscence as a Part of Cultural Education","authors":"Kristína Jakubovská, V. Jakubovská","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.33.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.33.52","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The study explores the importance of culture of reminiscence with its identificational and integrational potential for the society and the ways that culture of reminiscence is applied within cultural institutions by means of cultural education.\u0000Methods. We used several scientific methods such as relational and content analysis, observation, induction and heuristics.\u0000Results. The research study summarises the role of cultural institutions within the culture of reminiscence and outlines various forms of reminiscence to be observed in cultural educational programmes. It explains the potential of cultural institutions and the roles they play within collective commemorating. It has interdisciplinary and applicational character and includes practical tips for cultural managers and cultural educators.\u0000Conclusion. Collective memory is an important condition for reproduction of culture and cultural identities. Individual memory is determined by social and cultural contexts (reference to Maurice Halbwachs´s social frames of memory). Cultural education naturally works with the notions of collective memory, traditions, identity and reminiscence. At the same time, it resembles a tool by means of which cultural identity, character and collective memory of individuals and social groups can be consciously shaped. Beside identificational context, there is also a prospective integrational and inclusive potential of cultural education. Several forms of reminiscence are applied within cultural education: reminiscence as reconstruction; reminiscence as (re)interpretation; reminiscence as creation; reminiscence as prevention and civic involvement; reminiscence as a tool of forming cultural identity; reminiscence as an expert reflection.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44327135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.299.317
Nataliia Grebin, S. Hrabovska, Tetyana Partyko
Aim. The aim of the research is to identify changes of psychological determinants of elderly people’s inclination to social dependency during the first month of Russian-Ukrainian war in comparison with peace time. Methods. The research uses methodologies of inclination to demanding behaviour by Hrabovska (2005), emotional intelligence by D. Luisin (2006), personality volitional qualities by Chumakov (2006), adaptive stress abilities by Rozov (2006), psychological well-being by Ryff as adapted by Shevelenkova and Fesenko (2005). Results. It is identified that during the first months of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, inclination of elderly people, who stay in relatively safe conditions in Ukraine, to social dependency does not undergo significant changes in comparison with peacetime. There are changes in the vector of emotional regulation of social dependency: from intrapersonal in pre-war time into interpersonal during the wartime, when importance in understanding the emotions of other people is high consequently, it results in a more active life stance in the elderly. Initiative becomes a leading will regulator, shows far-sightedness of a person. There is activation of coping mechanisms, related to adaptive thinking, sleep and somatic regulation, and they can be considered vital resources for stable mental health preservation at the beginning of a war. Conclusions. It is recommended to provide psychological support to seniors in finding occupations that help them to realize their capacity for self-sufficiency and create conditions for personal responsibility and assertiveness as the ability to stand for their own rights without violating other people's resources.
{"title":"Psychological Determinants of Social Dependency in Elderly People During the First Months of Russian-Ukrainian War","authors":"Nataliia Grebin, S. Hrabovska, Tetyana Partyko","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.299.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.299.317","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the research is to identify changes of psychological determinants of elderly people’s inclination to social dependency during the first month of Russian-Ukrainian war in comparison with peace time.\u0000Methods. The research uses methodologies of inclination to demanding behaviour by Hrabovska (2005), emotional intelligence by D. Luisin (2006), personality volitional qualities by Chumakov (2006), adaptive stress abilities by Rozov (2006), psychological well-being by Ryff as adapted by Shevelenkova and Fesenko (2005).\u0000Results. It is identified that during the first months of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, inclination of elderly people, who stay in relatively safe conditions in Ukraine, to social dependency does not undergo significant changes in comparison with peacetime. There are changes in the vector of emotional regulation of social dependency: from intrapersonal in pre-war time into interpersonal during the wartime, when importance in understanding the emotions of other people is high consequently, it results in a more active life stance in the elderly. Initiative becomes a leading will regulator, shows far-sightedness of a person. There is activation of coping mechanisms, related to adaptive thinking, sleep and somatic regulation, and they can be considered vital resources for stable mental health preservation at the beginning of a war.\u0000Conclusions. It is recommended to provide psychological support to seniors in finding occupations that help them to realize their capacity for self-sufficiency and create conditions for personal responsibility and assertiveness as the ability to stand for their own rights without violating other people's resources.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46437815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.198.206
O. Lazurenko, N. Tertychna, N. Smila
Aim. The article is aimed at proving the hypothesis that there are significant correlations between the defense mechanisms and the perception of time perspective in young people under the conditions of war. Methods. The study was held in May 2022 with the involvement of students who were relocated to the west of Ukraine from the eastern regions due to active hostilities. The following research methods were used: survey; psychological testing (Life Style Index, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory); statistic analysis. Results. The study shows that the most common defense mechanisms of young people during the war are: repression, projection and displacement. At the same time, men use the defense mechanism of projection more often than women, and women are more prone to regression. It is determined that young people during the war are the least oriented towards the future. Also, there are very few who would perceive the past negatively. Conclusion. The data obtained during the research indicate the need to develop a program of psychological support for young people during the war, which would allow: to develop awareness of one's own experiences, defense mechanisms, ways of ecologically living through traumatic experience; to form a healthier attitude to time, which would include planning for the future at least for the short term and would contribute to increasing motivation for life and self-development.
{"title":"Correlation Between Time Perspective and Defense Mechanisms of Ukrainian Students During the War","authors":"O. Lazurenko, N. Tertychna, N. Smila","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.198.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.198.206","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article is aimed at proving the hypothesis that there are significant correlations between the defense mechanisms and the perception of time perspective in young people under the conditions of war.\u0000Methods. The study was held in May 2022 with the involvement of students who were relocated to the west of Ukraine from the eastern regions due to active hostilities. The following research methods were used: survey; psychological testing (Life Style Index, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory); statistic analysis.\u0000Results. The study shows that the most common defense mechanisms of young people during the war are: repression, projection and displacement. At the same time, men use the defense mechanism of projection more often than women, and women are more prone to regression. It is determined that young people during the war are the least oriented towards the future. Also, there are very few who would perceive the past negatively.\u0000Conclusion. The data obtained during the research indicate the need to develop a program of psychological support for young people during the war, which would allow: to develop awareness of one's own experiences, defense mechanisms, ways of ecologically living through traumatic experience; to form a healthier attitude to time, which would include planning for the future at least for the short term and would contribute to increasing motivation for life and self-development.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47497186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.514.525
Viliam Judák, L. Petrikovičová, H. Grežo, Amantius Akimjak
Aim. From the point of view of the period of creation and historical development, we consider the streets of the historical core of Trnava to be the most dynamic, and why we focused on street name changes in the period from 1900 to the present in the area of the historical core of the city. Methods. As part of the methodology the classification by urbanonym, with the help of which we included the names of streets and squares into individual categories. A classification was used that divides urbanonyms into socially motivated and socially non-motivated, which are further divided into several subcategories. Urbanonyms are further divided into domestic and foreign. This classification is the most up-to-date of those mentioned and includes a category of religious names. Results. The category of socially significant street names, are divided at a lower level into the categories of politics, art and culture, church, science, crafts and trade, historical names and institutions. The most numerous is the group of names in the art and culture category, which includes 70 domestic and 10 foreign names, which together represent 25.89% of the total number of streets in the city. There are 15 streets in the categories of politics, church and science (4.85% of all 309 streets). Conclusion. Currently, Trnava can be characterised as a modern, dynamic city with a great influence on its surroundings. The restrictive measures taken in connection with the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 greatly affected the tourism sector and meant permanent closure for many businesses.
{"title":"Reflection of Political and Social Development in the Religious Street Names of the City of Trnava and their Potential in Tourism","authors":"Viliam Judák, L. Petrikovičová, H. Grežo, Amantius Akimjak","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.514.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.514.525","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. From the point of view of the period of creation and historical development, we consider the streets of the historical core of Trnava to be the most dynamic, and why we focused on street name changes in the period from 1900 to the present in the area of the historical core of the city.\u0000Methods. As part of the methodology the classification by urbanonym, with the help of which we included the names of streets and squares into individual categories. A classification was used that divides urbanonyms into socially motivated and socially non-motivated, which are further divided into several subcategories. Urbanonyms are further divided into domestic and foreign. This classification is the most up-to-date of those mentioned and includes a category of religious names.\u0000Results. The category of socially significant street names, are divided at a lower level into the categories of politics, art and culture, church, science, crafts and trade, historical names and institutions. The most numerous is the group of names in the art and culture category, which includes 70 domestic and 10 foreign names, which together represent 25.89% of the total number of streets in the city. There are 15 streets in the categories of politics, church and science (4.85% of all 309 streets).\u0000Conclusion. Currently, Trnava can be characterised as a modern, dynamic city with a great influence on its surroundings. The restrictive measures taken in connection with the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 greatly affected the tourism sector and meant permanent closure for many businesses.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44210940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.143.158
Manon Bokuchava, S. Shturkhetskyy, Mariia Zubarieva, Nataliia Voitovych
Aim. The aim of this article is to define and analyse the intention and effects of the use of mass communication and media for military purposes. The authors examine the issue on the example of the Russian Federation and the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia. Methods. The method of the research is a qualitative, discursive analysis of media texts. Results. The study of the content of information platform sputnik-abkhazia.ru, created by the Russian Federation in Abkhazia, allows us to identify the main messages the above-mentioned platform disseminates and tries to enroot in the local community of Abkhazia. In the messages identified during the study an attempt is shown to convince the local audience of the military “invincibility” of the Russian Federation, a clear discredit of the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) - and an open attempt to create an icon of the enemy from Georgia and the United States. In this way we see harmful, threatening cooperation of the means of mass media communication against society, carrying out military tasks. Conclusions. A study of the content of Sputnik-Abkhazia shows a clear example of the use of an information platform for military purposes. Given the current situation, we can argue that the informational efforts that the Russian Federation is making in Abkhazia will soon become a problem, not only for Georgia. Such cooperation between military tasks and information platforms serves to sow fear and mistrust in society, which creates fertile ground to rule the public opinion.
{"title":"Mass Communication as a Part of a Military Strategy: The Military Base of the Russian Federation in Occupied Abkhazia and Management of Local Public Attitudes","authors":"Manon Bokuchava, S. Shturkhetskyy, Mariia Zubarieva, Nataliia Voitovych","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.143.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.143.158","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of this article is to define and analyse the intention and effects of the use of mass communication and media for military purposes. The authors examine the issue on the example of the Russian Federation and the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia.\u0000Methods. The method of the research is a qualitative, discursive analysis of media texts.\u0000Results. The study of the content of information platform sputnik-abkhazia.ru, created by the Russian Federation in Abkhazia, allows us to identify the main messages the above-mentioned platform disseminates and tries to enroot in the local community of Abkhazia. In the messages identified during the study an attempt is shown to convince the local audience of the military “invincibility” of the Russian Federation, a clear discredit of the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) - and an open attempt to create an icon of the enemy from Georgia and the United States. In this way we see harmful, threatening cooperation of the means of mass media communication against society, carrying out military tasks.\u0000Conclusions. A study of the content of Sputnik-Abkhazia shows a clear example of the use of an information platform for military purposes. Given the current situation, we can argue that the informational efforts that the Russian Federation is making in Abkhazia will soon become a problem, not only for Georgia. Such cooperation between military tasks and information platforms serves to sow fear and mistrust in society, which creates fertile ground to rule the public opinion.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46160862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.124.142
Irena Stonkuvienė
Aim. The aim of the article is to reveal the experiences and attitudes of pupils who attended schools in the late Soviet era (1960s-1980s) towards the implementation of egalitarianism policies in the schools of the Lithuanian SSR. The analysis of the qualitative research material focuses on the word "felt" in the phrase "We all felt equal then", i.e., not so much on the fixation of social (in)equality by analysing the indicators of social class or economic status, but on the subjective experience of equality as a manifestation of human dignity. Methods. Following the methodology of oral history, material was collected during 32 in-depth interviews with people who had attended schools in the Lithuanian SSR in the late Soviet era. Results. Several themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews relating to the expression of egalitarianism in the Soviet school: the social class of the pupils; the economic situation of the parents; and the ability of the parents to have the so-called "blat". Conclusions. The study revealed that the implementation of the policy of egalitarianism officially declared by the Communist Party in the education system was subject to several reservations. In Soviet Lithuania, just as in the whole society, there were a lot of manifestations of blat, corruption, and favouritism. These were influenced by the positions held by pupils' parents, belonging to the nomenklatura and/or the ability to establish informal contacts. Pupils from rural schools had fewer opportunities to pursue higher education.
{"title":"The Equal and the More Equal: Pupils' Experiences of School in Lithuania in the late Soviet Era","authors":"Irena Stonkuvienė","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.124.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.124.142","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the article is to reveal the experiences and attitudes of pupils who attended schools in the late Soviet era (1960s-1980s) towards the implementation of egalitarianism policies in the schools of the Lithuanian SSR. The analysis of the qualitative research material focuses on the word \"felt\" in the phrase \"We all felt equal then\", i.e., not so much on the fixation of social (in)equality by analysing the indicators of social class or economic status, but on the subjective experience of equality as a manifestation of human dignity.\u0000Methods. Following the methodology of oral history, material was collected during 32 in-depth interviews with people who had attended schools in the Lithuanian SSR in the late Soviet era.\u0000Results. Several themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews relating to the expression of egalitarianism in the Soviet school: the social class of the pupils; the economic situation of the parents; and the ability of the parents to have the so-called \"blat\".\u0000Conclusions. The study revealed that the implementation of the policy of egalitarianism officially declared by the Communist Party in the education system was subject to several reservations. In Soviet Lithuania, just as in the whole society, there were a lot of manifestations of blat, corruption, and favouritism. These were influenced by the positions held by pupils' parents, belonging to the nomenklatura and/or the ability to establish informal contacts. Pupils from rural schools had fewer opportunities to pursue higher education.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43097134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.185.197
E. Weiss, Beáta Akimjaková, Gabriel Paľa, Yulia Biryukova
Aim. In a qualitative empirical exploration, the authors use case study research to identify opportunities for re-education of specific learning disabilities in two cases. They identify and analyse the methods and organisation of teaching and the intervention plan for change. They evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention procedures and highlight specific practical experiences of educators in working with pupils. Methods. The study analyses and interprets the risk of specific learning disabilities, identifies specific learning disabilities. In an empirical qualitative investigation, the authors use case studies and case studies that highlight two types of specific learning disabilities. Results. The studies confirm that specific developmental learning disabilities affect the lives not only of the pupils themselves, the parents, but not least the educators in the teaching process. The authors analyse and identify specific re-education methods in the implementation of the teaching process, pointing out the difficulty of solving the problem and unlearning special educators. Conclusion. The authors point out the need for selection of different methods of re-education of learning disorders on the basis of the individuality of the pupil, but also on the basis of different forms of solving problem areas in terms of recommendations of the special educator and the actual implementation of the teaching process by the educator.
{"title":"Methods of Re-Education of Specific Learning Disorders","authors":"E. Weiss, Beáta Akimjaková, Gabriel Paľa, Yulia Biryukova","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.185.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.185.197","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. In a qualitative empirical exploration, the authors use case study research to identify opportunities for re-education of specific learning disabilities in two cases. They identify and analyse the methods and organisation of teaching and the intervention plan for change. They evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention procedures and highlight specific practical experiences of educators in working with pupils.\u0000Methods. The study analyses and interprets the risk of specific learning disabilities, identifies specific learning disabilities. In an empirical qualitative investigation, the authors use case studies and case studies that highlight two types of specific learning disabilities.\u0000Results. The studies confirm that specific developmental learning disabilities affect the lives not only of the pupils themselves, the parents, but not least the educators in the teaching process. The authors analyse and identify specific re-education methods in the implementation of the teaching process, pointing out the difficulty of solving the problem and unlearning special educators.\u0000Conclusion. The authors point out the need for selection of different methods of re-education of learning disorders on the basis of the individuality of the pupil, but also on the basis of different forms of solving problem areas in terms of recommendations of the special educator and the actual implementation of the teaching process by the educator.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48970888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.15503/jecs2023.1.249.268
Roman Králik
Aim. The aim of the paper was to point out that the hierarchy of values is considered the most reliable prognostic sign that expresses whether a person can behave in accordance with his environment. The author identifies the causes of the current crisis of value orientations, discusses the influence of family and school on the creation and transformation of values in the lives of young people. Methods. Through analytical-synthetic and inductive methods, the author identifies the influence of consumer society and family on the creation of value systems of children and youth. It points to the pedagogy of free time and its connection to the theories and functions of free time. Results. The author provides a summary of theoretical meanings, summaries and theories in the field of value orientation of children and youth, discovered factors that influence the development and formation of value orientation, discovered the share of family, peers and free time in the creation of a value ranking. Conclusions. Any changes in society brought a wider spectrum of information, freedom of speech, opportunities for social mobility and education, but also deepening of social inequality, deterioration of interpersonal relations, moral relativism and value chaos. Current problems of society's development and their solution also affect the way of life of young people, the process of its quantitative changes, including attitudes to life and value orientation.
{"title":"The Influence of Family and School in Shaping the Values of Children and Young People in the Theory of Free Time and Pedagogy","authors":"Roman Králik","doi":"10.15503/jecs2023.1.249.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2023.1.249.268","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of the paper was to point out that the hierarchy of values is considered the most reliable prognostic sign that expresses whether a person can behave in accordance with his environment. The author identifies the causes of the current crisis of value orientations, discusses the influence of family and school on the creation and transformation of values in the lives of young people.\u0000Methods. Through analytical-synthetic and inductive methods, the author identifies the influence of consumer society and family on the creation of value systems of children and youth. It points to the pedagogy of free time and its connection to the theories and functions of free time.\u0000Results. The author provides a summary of theoretical meanings, summaries and theories in the field of value orientation of children and youth, discovered factors that influence the development and formation of value orientation, discovered the share of family, peers and free time in the creation of a value ranking.\u0000Conclusions. Any changes in society brought a wider spectrum of information, freedom of speech, opportunities for social mobility and education, but also deepening of social inequality, deterioration of interpersonal relations, moral relativism and value chaos. Current problems of society's development and their solution also affect the way of life of young people, the process of its quantitative changes, including attitudes to life and value orientation.","PeriodicalId":30646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education Culture and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46273983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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