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Economic Motives and Problems of Health Tourism in Asia Pacific 亚太地区健康旅游的经济动机和问题
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2020-0002
N. D. Khoa, D. Nhu Y
Abstract Nowadays, health tourism has emerged as a multi-billion-dollar industry due to the fact that people have frequently traveled in order to improve their wellbeing. The internationalization of health tourism has also motivated production and consumption of healthcare services as well as increased variety of intermediaries and ancillary goods and services to support this sector. Although the significant benefits of health tourism, its actual contribution to economic growth and related issues have remained ambiguous. Therefore, this paper aims to: (i) Discuss the potential economic aspects of health tourism based on the published figures of major destinations in Asia Pacific with an international focus and (ii) Examine the economic risks related to health tourism that either directly or indirectly harm the process of economic growth. The results indicate that development of health tourism satisfies patients’ demand for high quality healthcare at competitive prices, boosts the value of foreign exchange inflow and expands job opportunities. Health tourism services have become the subject of international earnings which has elevated economic opportunities of potential destinations. Besides that, increasing international health tourist flows with high income could evaluate costs of healthcare services, brain drain of healthcare professionals, inequitable health care access. Additionally, increases in international traveling might produce a new economic burden of communicable diseases, environmental degradation; brokers and organ transplants associated with black-market in some destinations. Hence, sustainability and responsibility have been considered as key criteria in the health tourism industry in order to improve tourists’ health performance and maximize benefits for local communities. Such economic analysis also enables us to evaluate benefits and losses from health tourism development and track the balance of trade around this economic sector.
如今,健康旅游已经成为一个数十亿美元的产业,由于人们经常旅行,以提高他们的健康。保健旅游的国际化也促进了保健服务的生产和消费,并增加了各种中介和辅助商品和服务来支持这一部门。虽然保健旅游有很大的好处,但它对经济增长的实际贡献和有关问题仍然不明确。因此,本文的目的是:(i)基于亚太地区主要旅游目的地的公开数据,以国际为重点,讨论健康旅游的潜在经济方面;(ii)研究与健康旅游相关的直接或间接损害经济增长过程的经济风险。结果表明,健康旅游的发展满足了患者对高质量医疗保健服务的需求,提高了外汇流入的价值,扩大了就业机会。保健旅游服务已成为国际收入的主题,这提高了潜在目的地的经济机会。此外,高收入的国际卫生旅游流量的增加可以评估卫生保健服务的成本、卫生保健专业人员的人才流失、不公平的卫生保健机会。此外,国际旅行的增加可能造成传染病、环境退化等新的经济负担;在一些目的地,掮客和器官移植与黑市有关。因此,可持续性和责任被认为是健康旅游行业的关键标准,以提高游客的健康绩效和最大化当地社区的利益。这种经济分析还使我们能够评估保健旅游发展的利益和损失,并跟踪围绕这一经济部门的贸易平衡。
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引用次数: 0
Visual analysis of search results in Scopus database focused on sustainable tourism Scopus数据库中以可持续旅游为重点的搜索结果可视化分析
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2020-0003
O. Klapka, A. Slabý
Abstract The enormous growth of research and development is accompanied by growing number of scientific publications in recent decades. These publications are collected and processed by a number of digital libraries. Though digital libraries provide basic search tools, more advanced methods such as visualization and visual analysis can be implemented by using special software only. This article presents the possibilities of visual analyzing content of digital libraries using the CiteViz tool developed in Klapka (2013) and shows the implementation using of the Scopus database. Results of testing the implemented solution in selected areas of sustainable tourism and demonstration of the possibilities of the implemented solution are presented at the end of the article.
近几十年来,伴随着研究和发展的巨大增长,科学出版物的数量也在不断增加。这些出版物由一些数字图书馆收集和处理。虽然数字图书馆提供了基本的搜索工具,但更高级的方法,如可视化和可视化分析,只能通过使用特殊的软件来实现。本文介绍了使用Klapka(2013)开发的CiteViz工具对数字图书馆内容进行可视化分析的可能性,并展示了使用Scopus数据库的实现。在选定的可持续旅游领域测试实施解决方案的结果和实施解决方案的可能性的演示在文章的最后提出。
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引用次数: 1
Travel Motivation and Barriers to Travel for People with Visual Impairments 视障人士的旅行动机和旅行障碍
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2020-0004
Olga Šintáková, T. Lasisi
Abstract In recent years, social tourism has been strongly promoted in the EU, including the travel of people with various types of disabilities. The present study analyses travel motivation and barriers to travel for visually impaired people. This analysis is based on several years of research at the Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, then on the personal travel experience of a visually impaired person and the practice of a rehabilitation instructor at Tyfloservis, o.p.s (charitable trust), Hradec Králové, an organization supporting independent living of visually impaired people. The study is also based on interviews with ten visually impaired respondents and their travel experience. SARS-COV-2 is also included as a current barrier to travel.
近年来,社会旅游在欧盟得到了大力推广,包括各种残疾人士的旅游。本研究分析视障人士的旅游动机及旅游障碍。这一分析是基于捷克共和国赫拉德克大学信息与管理学院几年的研究,然后是一位视障人士的个人旅行经历,以及赫拉德克Králové的Tyfloservis(慈善信托)康复教练的实践,这是一个支持视障人士独立生活的组织。这项研究还基于对10名视障人士的采访以及他们的旅行经历。SARS-COV-2也被列为当前的旅行障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Videoconferencing and Virtual Worlds in Tourism Language Education – Practical Evaluation of the Systematic Approach in the Czech Context 旅游语言教育中的视频会议和虚拟世界——捷克语境中系统方法的实践评价
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2020-0001
David Zejda, T. Lasisi, Jenniefer Managuelod, Shemie Breitenbach, Ellery Canoy
Abstract Language learning in tourism is increasingly embracing digital technologies for both synchronous and asynchronous content delivery and interaction. Blended learning combining online and traditional face-to-face forms as well as immersive forms such as 3D virtual worlds, where participants may travel as they learn from the comfort of their sofa, offer promising benefits, namely in times of pandemic and other turbulent events. Involving culturally and geographically distant tutors in the learning process may increase learners’ motivation as well as satisfaction, provided that the course curricula and lesson plans utilize the potential by appropriate selection of activities. Despite all the potential benefits, however, troubles caused by the increased complexity of digitally enhanced courses may ruin learners’ experience. The paper provides a conceptual basis for a systemic approach in planning, creating, and delivering courses, considering both technical and psychological aspects, which may assist in the prevention or mitigation of the challenges. To provide a relevant context, presentations of several language schools are briefly examined. The study of changes in their presentations between 2014 and 2021, in the light of web search trends, provides an additional glimpse into the evolution of the adoption and perception of relevant forms of education and technologies, further supporting the necessity of a systematic approach. Experience from three separate projects implementing innovative language courses collected both qualitatively and quantitatively via questionnaires is summarized, pointing out both successes and challenges.
旅游语言学习越来越多地采用数字技术进行同步和异步内容传递和交互。混合学习结合了在线和传统的面对面形式以及3D虚拟世界等沉浸式形式,参与者可以在沙发上舒适地学习,提供了有希望的好处,特别是在大流行和其他动荡事件期间。如果课程大纲和教案通过适当的活动选择来发挥学习者的潜力,那么在学习过程中让文化和地理距离较远的导师参与学习可以增加学习者的动机和满意度。然而,尽管有这些潜在的好处,数字化增强课程的复杂性增加所带来的麻烦可能会破坏学习者的体验。本文为规划、创建和提供课程的系统方法提供了概念基础,考虑到技术和心理方面,这可能有助于预防或减轻挑战。为了提供一个相关的背景,简要审查了几个语言学校的介绍。根据网络搜索趋势,对2014年至2021年间他们的演讲变化进行了研究,为相关教育和技术形式的采用和感知的演变提供了额外的一瞥,进一步支持了系统方法的必要性。本文总结了三个独立项目实施创新语言课程的经验,通过问卷调查定性和定量地收集了这些经验,指出了成功和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Pilgrims’ Motivation for Travelling to the Iasi Feast 朝圣者前往雅西节的动机
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0010
M. Tătărușanu, Valentin Niță, Iațu Corneliu, G. Butnaru, Elena Ciortescu
Abstract Either due to religious and spiritual motivations or to personal ones, religious pilgrimages have become increasingly popular during the last decades. The article proposes a study concerning the motivations of pilgrims who travel to Iasi every year in October to attend a religious event organized in the city. The main goal of this paper is to present the results of the research concerning the main travel motivations of pilgrims. The issue is whether their socio-demographic profile influences their travel motivations and the extent to which pilgrims’ satisfaction is determined by the travel motivations they declare. This is quantitative research which uses a questionnaire survey, based on the data provided by 441 respondents. The results are important for the scholars in religious tourism and for destination managers who use this kind of data to improve their planning and organisational activities of such events.
在过去的几十年里,由于宗教和精神动机或个人动机,宗教朝圣变得越来越流行。本文提出了一项关于每年10月前往雅西参加在该市组织的宗教活动的朝圣者动机的研究。本文的主要目的是介绍关于朝圣者主要旅游动机的研究结果。问题在于他们的社会人口特征是否会影响他们的旅行动机,以及朝圣者的满意度在多大程度上取决于他们所宣称的旅行动机。这是一项定量研究,采用问卷调查,基于441名受访者提供的数据。研究结果对研究宗教旅游的学者和利用这类数据来改进此类活动的规划和组织活动的目的地管理者具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Big Data: a Source of Mobility Behaviour and a Strategic Tool for Destination Management 大数据:移动行为的来源和目的地管理的战略工具
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0006
Filip Emmer, Andrea Holešinská
Abstract The abundant use of the Internet and mobile technologies while traveling leaves a digital footprint in the form of big data that can be tracked. Big data bring information about spatial visitor behaviour that is valuable for strategic destination management. Big data enrich not only scientific fields (e. g. management, marketing, or geography) with their knowledge, but also represent the invention of new tools for their actual processing. Generally, big data are considered as a strategic tool enhancing the competitiveness of a destination. The paper presents the basic characteristics of big data and reviews research focused on big data in tourism. Moreover, it identifies its potential for tourism from both the theoretical and methodological point of view. The final part deals with current trends in using the big data in tourism and its application in destination management. The future trends of big data in the context of destination management are implied as well.
在旅行中大量使用互联网和移动技术,留下了可以追踪的大数据形式的数字足迹。大数据带来了关于空间游客行为的信息,这对战略目的地管理很有价值。大数据不仅丰富了科学领域(如管理、营销或地理)的知识,而且代表了实际处理这些知识的新工具的发明。一般来说,大数据被认为是提升目的地竞争力的战略工具。本文介绍了大数据的基本特征,综述了旅游大数据的研究现状。此外,它从理论和方法的角度确定了其旅游业的潜力。最后论述了旅游大数据的发展趋势及其在旅游目的地管理中的应用。同时也暗示了大数据在目的地管理领域的未来发展趋势。
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引用次数: 2
From the Orchard to the Full Bottle: One of the Geostories of the Nature & Geopark Styrian Eisenwurzen 从果园到满瓶:斯蒂里安·艾森wurzen地质公园的地质故事之一
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0009
Oliver Gulas, E. M. Vorwagner, M. Pásková
Abstract A geopark mission does not consists just of presenting and interpreting the geological phenomena and processes, but it also includes conservation and sustainable use of the natural resources as well as understanding and supporting the local people and their culture. For sure, the geology of the area determinates the local flora and fauna as well as the local life style. On different examples, this case study presents how the Nature and Geopark Styrian Eisenwurzen is involving local people to protect the local geoheritage and natural resources as well as to raise its visibility and touristic attraction. It shows that the traditional local production can contribute both to the landscape conservation and geoheritage interpretation, and that the application of participatory management and ABC interpretive concept can affect all that in a synergic way.
地质公园的使命不仅仅是展示和解释地质现象和过程,还包括保护和可持续利用自然资源,以及了解和支持当地人民和他们的文化。当然,该地区的地质决定了当地的动植物以及当地的生活方式。通过不同的案例,本案例研究展示了施蒂里安·艾森wurzen自然地质公园如何与当地人一起保护当地的地质遗产和自然资源,并提高其知名度和旅游吸引力。研究表明,传统的地方生产对景观保护和地质遗产解释都有贡献,而参与式管理和ABC解释概念的应用可以协同影响这两个方面。
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引用次数: 3
Exploring Relations between Heritage Interpretation, Visitors Learning Experience and Tourist Satisfaction 遗产解说、游客学习体验与游客满意度之关系探讨
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0007
Alberto Moreno-Melgarejo, Luis Javier García-Valenzuela, I. Hilliard, Antonio Jesús Pinto-Tortosa
Abstract The main objective of the heritage interpretation is communication and dissemination of scientific knowledge generated around a certain site. Therefore, this article aims to demonstrate that the use of an adequate interpretation methodology contributes to improving a mere aesthetic experience through greater learning outcomes, more intense emotional binding, higher awareness of the heritage conservation and overall satisfaction with the visit. Thus, the heritage interpretation has become a critical tool for creating competitive cultural or nature-based tourism services and products providing hosting destinations with attractive tourism offers. The methods of this study include a literature review, which summarises the findings of different research projects assessing the relationship between the aforementioned variables. The main conclusions drawn from this review are that there exist adequate methodologies for the heritage interpretation, which contribute to improve learning outcomes, improved tourist satisfaction and emotional experiences during the visit.
遗产解释的主要目的是交流和传播围绕某一遗址产生的科学知识。因此,本文旨在证明,通过更好的学习成果、更强烈的情感联系、更高的文物保护意识和对参观的总体满意度,使用适当的解说方法有助于改善纯粹的审美体验。因此,遗产解释已成为创造有竞争力的文化或自然旅游服务和产品的关键工具,为东道国提供有吸引力的旅游服务。本研究的方法包括文献综述,总结了评估上述变量之间关系的不同研究项目的发现。本文的主要结论是,现有的文化遗产解释方法有助于提高学习效果,提高游客满意度和情感体验。
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引用次数: 1
Potentials of Agrotourism on Social and Economic Development of the Selected Agricultural Farms and Adjoining Communities in South-Western Nigeria 农业旅游对尼日利亚西南部选定农场和毗邻社区社会和经济发展的潜力
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0008
Solomon Oladele Oladeji, Olukayode Temitope Ariyo, O. Alabi
Abstract Agrotourism industry has contributed immensely to economy of many developing nations, especially in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. This forms a basis for these research findings aimed at assessing the potential of agrotourism in Obasanjo Farm and Oakfield farm for improving the livelihood of immediate communities. This study employed a multiple research instrument while theoretical and specific practical approaches were used in the identification and classification of the potential agrotourism activities using a thematic qualitative, descriptive quantitative and SWOT analysis. The results show that 71% of the respondents have basic knowledge of agrotourism. The Likert scale shows that the respondents completely agreed (4.52) that agrotourism is beneficial to people and equally agreed (4.56) on the need to develop it. Recommendations are drawn from the SWOT analysis on the need for farm management to strengthen available opportunities through incorporating agrotourism activities with other farming activities, while addressing the environmental threats and organisational weaknesses.
农业旅游业对许多发展中国家的经济做出了巨大贡献,特别是在亚洲和撒哈拉以南非洲地区。这构成了这些研究结果的基础,这些研究结果旨在评估奥巴桑乔农场和奥克菲尔德农场农业旅游对改善直接社区生计的潜力。本研究采用了多种研究工具,而理论和具体的实践方法在识别和分类潜在的农业旅游活动使用专题定性,描述性定量和SWOT分析。结果显示,71%的受访者对农业旅游有基本的了解。李克特量表显示,受访者完全同意(4.52)农业旅游对人们有益,同样同意(4.56)发展农业旅游的必要性。从SWOT分析中得出的建议是对农场管理的需要,通过将农业旅游活动与其他农业活动结合起来,加强现有的机会,同时解决环境威胁和组织弱点。
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引用次数: 1
Competitiveness of Travel and Tourism in Selected Countries 旅游和旅游业在选定国家的竞争力
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/cjot-2019-0002
Elena Širá, R. Pukała
Abstract Competitiveness of the country is a very important factor, especially in the area of tourism. Tourism is one of the most important and most rapidly growing economy sectors, which faces the challenges and possibilities of globalization. The travel and tourism sector is widely recognized as an important factor for the regional development. This enables the country to be successful in the world market and for tourists. To measure the competitiveness of travel and tourism, we used various indexes. One of them is the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index, published by the World Economic Forum. The aim of this paper is to analyse the travel and tourism competitiveness in selected countries. According to their performance, we identified the best travel and tourism country. In addition, we focused on strengths and weaknesses of the analysed countries to improve their competitiveness position in the future.
一个国家的竞争力是一个非常重要的因素,尤其是在旅游领域。旅游业是最重要和增长最快的经济部门之一,它面临着全球化的挑战和可能性。旅游业被广泛认为是区域发展的重要因素。这使该国能够在世界市场和游客中取得成功。为了衡量旅游业的竞争力,我们使用了各种指标。其中之一是世界经济论坛发布的旅游业竞争力指数。本文的目的是分析选定国家的旅游和旅游业竞争力。根据他们的表现,我们确定了最佳旅游和旅游国家。此外,我们重点分析了分析国家的优势和劣势,以提高他们在未来的竞争地位。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Czech Journal of Tourism Journal of Masaryk University
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