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Analyzing the Gender Gap in Financial Literacy 金融知识的性别差异分析
Pub Date : 2018-09-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0180
Bettina Greimel-Fuhrmann, M. Silgoner
Studies have repeatedly shown that women answer less financial knowledge questions correctly than men. Hence, they are often identified to be a financially ‘vulnerable’ group who needs more attention in financial education. This paper explores if this holds true for the Austrian population. A survey among 2,000 respondents reveals that Austrian men outperform women in terms of financial knowledge, even if we control for different socio-demographic characteristics and response behavior. However, women seem to be less prone to spending money, are more risk averse and watch their financial status more closely. In a multiple regression analysis, knowledge, attitudes and behavior are relevant for explaining financial well-being, but gender is not. Thus, it seems that women are not necessarily a financially vulnerable group but might benefit from acquiring more financial knowledge and gain more selfconfidence in making financial decisions.
研究一再表明,女性回答金融知识问题的正确率低于男性。因此,他们经常被认为是一个金融“弱势”群体,需要在金融教育中得到更多的关注。本文探讨了这是否适用于奥地利人口。一项针对2000名受访者的调查显示,即使我们控制了不同的社会人口特征和反应行为,奥地利男性在金融知识方面也优于女性。然而,女性似乎不太愿意花钱,更厌恶风险,更密切地关注自己的财务状况。在多元回归分析中,知识、态度和行为与解释财务健康相关,但性别无关。因此,女性似乎并不一定是经济上的弱势群体,而是可能受益于获得更多的金融知识,并在做出金融决策时获得更多的自信。
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引用次数: 14
Quality Enhancement of Intermediaries: A Study of Good Practice in Education Administration 提高中介机构的素质:教育行政管理的良好实践研究
Pub Date : 2018-09-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0183
R. Gujar
Highly populated countries have to cater the education to masses and hence have requirement of different education set ups. Due to economy constraints, the universities in such countries cannot own campuses of all requirements on their own; hence the programmes are run through the study centres. The study centres are already developed with required infrastructures and human resources. Maintaining quality in such situation is the big challenge. Hence universities have to develop some parameters for the measurement of quality of study centres. The parameters are based on the smooth working, delivery of the educational programmes, activities of individuals making up the institutions, motivation to counsellors, coordinators and institution owners, to improve their performance and infrastructures. The present research paper is based on investigation of documental proofs of infrastructures, human resource availability, authenticity and accountability regarding documents of the institution, previous enrolment and examination records of the study centres of the School of Continuing Education of Yashwantrao Chavhan Maharashtra (YCM) Open University, Maharashtra India. Documents and records of 67 study centres are investigated based on 15 indicators. The data collected through the documents, interviews and cross examinations is analysed. On the basis of data, the number of efficient, poor performing study centres is segregated. The problems inherent in the system are identified and suggestions proposed for the improvement in the system. This exercise proved to be beneficial for the enhancement in the services from university to the study centres and from study centres to the students, by reducing the burden of excess work for providing services to nonfunctioning study centres.
人口稠密的国家必须迎合大众的教育需求,因此需要不同的教育设置。由于经济的限制,这些国家的大学不可能自己拥有所有要求的校园;因此,课程是通过学习中心进行的。这些研究中心已经发展起来,具备必要的基础设施和人力资源。在这种情况下保持质量是一个巨大的挑战。因此,大学必须制定一些参数来衡量学习中心的质量。这些参数是基于顺利的工作、教育方案的实施、组成机构的个人的活动、对辅导员、协调员和机构所有者改善其绩效和基础设施的动机。本研究论文基于对基础设施、人力资源可用性、机构文件真实性和问责制的文件证明的调查,以及印度马哈拉施特拉邦Yashwantrao Chavhan Maharashtra (YCM)开放大学继续教育学院学习中心的先前入学和考试记录。根据15项指标调查了67个研究中心的文件和记录。通过文件,访谈和交叉询问收集的数据进行分析。根据数据,对效率高、表现差的研究中心的数量进行了分类。指出了系统存在的问题,并提出了改进建议。事实证明,这项工作有利于加强从大学到学习中心和从学习中心到学生的服务,因为它减轻了向不运作的学习中心提供服务的繁重工作的负担。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Educational Practice According to the Context Unique to Japan through Introduction of International Baccalaureate 引进国际文凭制度对日本独特背景下教育实践的影响
Pub Date : 2018-09-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0182
Yohei Moriguchi
International Baccalaureate (called IB) has expanded its number in various parts of the world. This paper shows how IB programmes spanning the world change educational practices in the particular region and country, with a focus on Japan. There are a number of educational elements peculiar to Japan (the homeroom system, the comprehensive role of teachers, club activities, etc.) that present barriers to the introduction of Western-oriented IB programmes. At the same time, the government intends to improve its quality by incorporating IB into existing education curriculum in Japan. Though comparing Japan's public/private IB (and non IB) schools with International schools that offer IB programmes, this paper has significance in the aspect of investigating how the problems peculiar to that country are occurring in the practice of IB in Japan, nonWestern country, and of leading to an understanding of how changing educational practices can create merits and difficulties when attempting to merge national educational practices with overseas educational elements.
国际文凭(简称IB)已经在世界各地扩大了它的数量。本文以日本为例,展示了全球IB项目如何改变特定地区和国家的教育实践。日本有许多独特的教育因素(班主任制度、教师的综合作用、俱乐部活动等),这些因素对引进西方导向的IB课程构成了障碍。与此同时,政府打算将IB纳入日本现有的教育课程,以提高其质量。通过比较日本的公立/私立IB(和非IB)学校与提供IB课程的国际学校,本文在调查日本这个非西方国家的IB实践中如何出现该国特有的问题方面具有重要意义,并有助于理解在试图将本国教育实践与海外教育元素融合时,不断变化的教育实践如何创造优点和困难。
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引用次数: 4
Managing Information for The Organizational Goal: Relationship and Function 为组织目标管理信息:关系与功能
Pub Date : 2018-09-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0181
T. Izhar, T. Torabi
Data is important to assist organization with decision-making in order to achieve the organizational goals. However, the trustworthiness of data is questioned because of the vast amount of data produced. This paper proposes an approach to utilize information from operational data to support the organizational goal. The challenge is to convert this data into meaningful information. This is critical for all enterprises to remain competitive. The aim of this paper is to propose a model to emphasize the dependency relationship involve between the variables such as organizational goal, sub-goals, actions, data input and data output. The relationship is important to assist the development of data measurement, data analysis and data modeling to measure the level of the organizational goals achievement. The contribution of this paper may serve as a first step to understand the dependency relationship between data and organizational goals to utilize meaningful information for efficient decisionmaking.
数据对于帮助组织进行决策以实现组织目标非常重要。然而,由于产生的数据量巨大,数据的可信度受到质疑。本文提出了一种利用运营数据中的信息来支持组织目标的方法。挑战在于如何将这些数据转化为有意义的信息。这对所有企业保持竞争力至关重要。本文的目的是提出一个模型来强调组织目标、子目标、行动、数据输入和数据输出等变量之间的依赖关系。这种关系对于帮助开发数据度量、数据分析和数据建模来度量组织目标实现的水平是非常重要的。本文的贡献可以作为理解数据与组织目标之间依赖关系的第一步,以利用有意义的信息进行有效的决策。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping Twitter Topic Network for Information Sharing using NodeXL 利用NodeXL映射Twitter主题网络实现信息共享
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0177
T. Izhar, Trieu Minh Nhut Le
Social media has a potential to be used as a professional and social networking to share interest. Users share similar interests on the Internet use social media such as Twitter. Despite the various existing methodologies on social media, there are many opportunities that need to be explored. The aim of this paper is to map the information shared on social media in order to identify relevant information. In order to achieve this aim, we examine user trends on sharing information on social media. We use NodeXL to obtain and analyse information from Twitter. The outcome of this paper contributes to a significant achievement that provides an important innovation in research methods in big data era to trace how information is shared across the social media and how to retrieve this information to assist decisionmaking process.
社交媒体有潜力被用作专业人士和分享兴趣的社交网络。用户在互联网上使用Twitter等社交媒体分享相似的兴趣。尽管社交媒体上已有各种各样的方法,但仍有许多机会需要探索。本文的目的是映射社交媒体上共享的信息,以识别相关信息。为了实现这一目标,我们研究了用户在社交媒体上分享信息的趋势。我们使用NodeXL从Twitter获取和分析信息。本文的研究成果是一项重要的成就,为大数据时代的研究方法提供了重要的创新,以追踪信息如何在社交媒体上共享以及如何检索这些信息以辅助决策过程。
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引用次数: 2
An Introduction of Reflective Teaching Styles for Oral Surgery 口腔外科反思性教学模式的介绍
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0179
Amaar Hassan, A. Mughal, M. Morris, T. Ali
There is limited research on the teaching of removal of impacted wisdom teeth at an undergraduate and postgraduate level with pig models. The sessions presented in this assignment offer a commentary and reflection into the different styles of teachings for the surgical extraction of teeth using presentations, case-based learning and simulation. This article is split into three sessions; the first consisted of theory and practical, enabling students to enhance their existing knowledge of Oral Surgery. The second session involved the extraction of teeth using simulation, enabling students to increase their exposure through differing clinical situations. The final teaching session was a one-toone encounter, for a surgical extraction, on a real patient. The focus of the session was to remain as a mentor, rather than a teacher. The learning objectives, style of teaching and feedback are all considered when determining the effectiveness of the teaching sessions and may support a diverse group of learners. However, it is also important to deliver individual needs for students to satisfy every student towards their own learning objectives.
在本科和研究生阶段用猪模型进行阻生智齿拔除的教学研究有限。在这个作业中提出的会议提供了一个评论和反思到不同风格的教学为外科拔牙使用演示,基于案例的学习和模拟。本文分为三个部分;第一部分由理论和实践组成,使学生能够加强他们现有的口腔外科知识。第二部分是使用模拟拔牙,让学生通过不同的临床情况增加他们的接触。最后的教学环节是一对一的接触,为一个手术拔牙,对一个真正的病人。会议的重点是继续作为一个导师,而不是老师。在确定教学课程的有效性时,学习目标、教学风格和反馈都被考虑在内,并可能支持不同的学习者群体。然而,为学生提供个性化需求,以满足每个学生实现自己的学习目标也很重要。
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引用次数: 0
The Development of a Learner Model in Adaptive Hypermedia Educational Systems: A Comparative Study 自适应超媒体教育系统中学习者模型的发展:比较研究
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0178
M. A. Tadlaoui, Rommel N. Carvalho, Mohamed Khaldi
— Today's Adaptive Hypermedia systems are putting more and more emphasis on the intelligence of the system. One of the most important factors in assessing the quality and usability of the system is the level to meet the needs of the user, the learner. So the learner model, the component that backs up and manages learner information, becomes more important. The learner model is an essential component for Adaptive e-Learning systems. The term adaptation in e-Learning systems involves the selection and manner of presentation of each learning activity as a function that examines the entity of knowledge, skills and other information given by each subject taught. The present paper aims at studding the functionalities of the learner model in different Adaptive Hypermedia Educational Systems in the three stages of developing and managing this model. We will present in this comparative study, a full analysis of the learner model used in ten major hypermedias to come up with most appropriate method to treat the dynamic aspect of this model.
当今的自适应超媒体系统越来越强调系统的智能化。评估系统质量和可用性的最重要因素之一是满足用户(学习者)需求的水平。因此,学习者模型,即备份和管理学习者信息的组件,变得更加重要。学习者模型是自适应电子学习系统的重要组成部分。在电子学习系统中,适应性一词涉及每项学习活动的选择和呈现方式,作为一种功能,检查每门课程所教授的知识、技能和其他信息的实体。本文旨在研究学习者模型在不同自适应超媒体教育系统中开发和管理该模型的三个阶段的功能。在这项比较研究中,我们将对十种主要超媒体中使用的学习者模型进行全面分析,以提出最合适的方法来处理该模型的动态方面。
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引用次数: 2
The Implementation of Digitalization System in Education in Palestine 巴勒斯坦教育数字化系统的实施
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0176
Falasteen Naser
This paper summarizes the experiment of digitalization of education in some schools in various governorates in Palestine, it explains the concept, provides an overview of the implementation of the system and it examines the effects of the digitalization system on education in the second semester of 2016/2017. In addition, it shows the suggestions, the recommendations and the challenges for the development of the digitization system to improve its performance in the future. Moreover, this research removes the gap of lacking in local researches in Palestine. It is an experimental design approach. Several tools were used in data collection; such as focus groups, interviews, class room observations and experimental design groups. The groups in this research were selected randomly from the fifth grade and sixth grade. The effectiveness of using the digitalization system was tested by t test. The effectiveness of the digitalization system was divided in two sections. First, the educational achievement of students in Arabic and geography subjects was significant during semester. Second, the behavioral achievement was effective during the classroom such as low levels of boredom, fear, anxiety and tension were noticed.
本文总结了巴勒斯坦各省一些学校的数字化教育实验,解释了这个概念,概述了该系统的实施情况,并研究了2016/2017年第二学期数字化系统对教育的影响。此外,提出了今后数字化系统发展的建议、建议和面临的挑战,以提高数字化系统的性能。此外,本研究还弥补了巴勒斯坦当地研究缺乏的空白。这是一种实验性的设计方法。在数据收集中使用了几种工具;例如焦点小组、访谈、课堂观察和实验设计小组。本研究的研究对象是从五年级和六年级随机抽取的。采用t检验对数字化系统的有效性进行了检验。数字化系统的有效性分为两部分。第一,学生在阿拉伯语和地理学科的学习成绩在学期显著。第二,行为成就在课堂上是有效的,如低水平的无聊、恐惧、焦虑和紧张。
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引用次数: 2
The ‘Nearly Digital Natives’ of Brunei Darussalam: A Review of Digital Diversity, Nativisation, Wisdom and Dissonance in the Digital World 文莱达鲁萨兰国的“近数字原住民”:数字世界中的数字多样性、本土化、智慧和不和谐的回顾
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0173
Pengiran Shaiffadzillah Pengiran Omarali
A 2013 report by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) ranked Brunei Darussalam 13 out of 180 countries in its Digital Natives list with 73.7% of the Brunei youth population profiled as digital natives. However, the ‘digital nativeness’ of Brunei’s learners is hardly reflected in their learning; prompting the question if these learners are indeed digital natives. Extending from a preceding literature review that analysed the discourse between proponents and critics of the ‘digital native’ theory, this paper integrates into the existing discussion several new profiling constructs, notably the constructs of ‘digital wisdom’, digital dissonance and the digital world. In addition, recent concurrent studies on Bruneian learners’ dispositions towards digital nativeness have contributed to a more contextualised understanding of the learner. This review expands its query from identifying two hypotheses on the existence of digital natives in the Brunei learner population, to establishing a further two hypotheses that inform us of the pathways our dynamic learners undertake in seeking digital nativeness.
国际电信联盟(ITU) 2013年的一份报告将文莱达鲁萨兰国在180个国家的数字原住民名单中排名第13位,其中73.7%的文莱青年人口被列为数字原住民。然而,文莱学习者的“数字原生”几乎没有反映在他们的学习中;这引发了一个问题:这些学习者是否真的是数字原住民?从之前的文献综述(分析了“数字原生”理论的支持者和批评者之间的话语)延伸,本文将几个新的分析结构整合到现有的讨论中,特别是“数字智慧”、数字不和谐和数字世界的结构。此外,最近关于文莱学习者对数字原生的倾向的同步研究有助于对学习者进行更情境化的理解。这篇综述扩展了它的疑问,从确定文莱学习者群体中存在数字原生代的两个假设,到建立另外两个假设,告诉我们动态学习者在寻求数字原生代时所采取的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating and Developing Quantitative Methods and Technical Skills in Master’s Level Online Distance Learning Students: Experiences of a Teaching Enhancement Project Exploring Transition Challenges 评估和发展硕士水平在线远程学习学生的定量方法和技术技能:探索过渡挑战的教学增强项目的经验
Pub Date : 2018-03-30 DOI: 10.20533/iji.1742.4712.2018.0172
H. Durham
This paper will share experiences and findings from a teaching enhancement project exploring students’ ‘readiness’ for starting a taught postgraduate course in a discipline requiring strong quantitative methods and technical skills. The changing landscape of higher education and the diversity of students’ academic, cultural and experiential backgrounds means that the transition to postgraduate level study can be more challenging, particularly where those students are distance learners. To gain an insight into students’ perceptions into their readiness for study a survey was conducted on campus-based and online distance learning students enrolled on Master of Science courses at the University of Leeds. The survey sought to explore whether students felt that additional support at, or even before, the start of their studies would have resulted in a smoother transition and a more successful learning journey. The responses indicated that students lacked experience and confidence in certain areas, in particular programming (coding) and data management software. As part of the project a resource introducing students to modelling the spread of disease using the programming software ‘Scratch’ was created and piloted with online distance learning students. Feedback was extremely positive with the request for additional resources in a similar vein.
本文将分享一个教学改进项目的经验和发现,该项目旨在探索学生对开始一门需要大量定量方法和技术技能的学科的授课型研究生课程的“准备”。高等教育格局的变化以及学生学术、文化和经验背景的多样性意味着向研究生水平学习的过渡可能更具挑战性,特别是那些远程学习者。为了深入了解学生对学习准备情况的看法,我们对利兹大学理科硕士课程在校学生和在线远程学习学生进行了一项调查。该调查旨在探讨学生是否认为在学习开始时,甚至在学习开始之前,额外的支持会导致更平稳的过渡和更成功的学习之旅。调查结果显示,学生在某些领域缺乏经验和信心,尤其是编程和数据管理软件。作为该项目的一部分,创建了一个资源,向学生介绍使用编程软件“Scratch”对疾病传播进行建模,并在在线远程学习的学生中进行了试点。对于要求提供类似的额外资源,反馈是非常积极的。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal for Infonomics
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