{"title":"Forging a Unitary State: Russia's Management of the Eurasian Space, 1650–1850 by John LeDonne (review)","authors":"C. Leckey","doi":"10.1353/reg.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130446586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article analyzes the outlooks and attitudes of youth in the so-called Finno-Ugric republics of Russia. It is based on a set of surveys we carried out in these republics in 2017–20 as well as on official statistical data and other sources. Our analysis demonstrates that the multifaceted crisis in these regions seriously impacts the attitudes and outlooks of youth, causing a rise in oppositional attitudes, a loss of trust in regional political institutions, and other negative consequences. On the other hand, ethnic traditions and ethnic identity do not represent a particular topic of concern for these young people. Therefore the majority of them are uninterested in ethnic organizations.
{"title":"Ethnocultural and Ethnopolitical Outlooks of Young People in the Russian Republics of Kareliia, Komi, Udmurtiia, Marii El, and Mordoviia","authors":"Iu. P. Shabaev, N. P. Mironova, Iurii V. Poliakov","doi":"10.1353/reg.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article analyzes the outlooks and attitudes of youth in the so-called Finno-Ugric republics of Russia. It is based on a set of surveys we carried out in these republics in 2017–20 as well as on official statistical data and other sources. Our analysis demonstrates that the multifaceted crisis in these regions seriously impacts the attitudes and outlooks of youth, causing a rise in oppositional attitudes, a loss of trust in regional political institutions, and other negative consequences. On the other hand, ethnic traditions and ethnic identity do not represent a particular topic of concern for these young people. Therefore the majority of them are uninterested in ethnic organizations.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130522218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:From the production portraits of the Soviet avant-garde artists of the 1920s to the bleak depictions of failing Donbas monotowns in the cinema of the perestroika era, the landscapes and communities of Donbas have been repeatedly depicted as exotic abstractions, to be wondered at, emulated, or feared by the rest of the nation. In our role as researchers of such practices, we might consider ourselves to stand outside of the frame, to be engaged in a process of objective deconstruction that exposes the mechanisms of power that inform the politics of representation. In this article, we take issue with this assumption, highlighting the researcher's complicity in perpetuating subject-object dichotomies, and thus inequalities of power, when we write about cultural representations. We scrutinize our roles in constructing new frames for understanding a region whose cultural representations we engage in our writing, and especially through our own practices of curating creative community engagement projects. Drawing on methods of reciprocal ethnography and collaborative writing, we espouse a more ethical, feminist approach to our topic, "writing with" rather than "writing about" the artists and practitioners whose curatorial work has informed contemporary ideas of Donbas. We engage in dialogue with our interlocutors to collectively deconstruct our creative work on Donbas identities and explore our shared reactions to this process. In this way, we reflect on the mechanisms of framing and exclusion that we—as researchers, curators, and art practitioners—inevitably engage in our work.
{"title":"\"Strange and Twisted Love\": Researching Art Practices in Donbas through Collaborative Frames","authors":"Victoria Donovan, Darya Tsymbalyuk","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From the production portraits of the Soviet avant-garde artists of the 1920s to the bleak depictions of failing Donbas monotowns in the cinema of the perestroika era, the landscapes and communities of Donbas have been repeatedly depicted as exotic abstractions, to be wondered at, emulated, or feared by the rest of the nation. In our role as researchers of such practices, we might consider ourselves to stand outside of the frame, to be engaged in a process of objective deconstruction that exposes the mechanisms of power that inform the politics of representation. In this article, we take issue with this assumption, highlighting the researcher's complicity in perpetuating subject-object dichotomies, and thus inequalities of power, when we write about cultural representations. We scrutinize our roles in constructing new frames for understanding a region whose cultural representations we engage in our writing, and especially through our own practices of curating creative community engagement projects. Drawing on methods of reciprocal ethnography and collaborative writing, we espouse a more ethical, feminist approach to our topic, \"writing with\" rather than \"writing about\" the artists and practitioners whose curatorial work has informed contemporary ideas of Donbas. We engage in dialogue with our interlocutors to collectively deconstruct our creative work on Donbas identities and explore our shared reactions to this process. In this way, we reflect on the mechanisms of framing and exclusion that we—as researchers, curators, and art practitioners—inevitably engage in our work.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Donbas in Family Photo Albums: Interview with Vadim Lurie","authors":"Victoria Donovan, Iryna Sklokina","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130289106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The 1989–91 transition period in the USSR was marked by a series of major miners' strikes in Ukraine. The miners' movement was driven by growing popular dissatisfaction with and distrust of the Soviet government in Moscow. In the key Ukrainian coal mining region of Donbas, which was hard hit by economic decline in the USSR, the first strike in 1989 transformed local miners into the dominant political force at the regional and in some respects national levels. As this article demonstrates, the miners' economic situation and political moods played an important role in Ukrainian politics, as various antagonistic political elites tried to win their backing and mobilize their anger against competitors. By analyzing publications in two major regional daily newspapers, the article provides a close examination of changes in attitudes and loyalties of the protesters, as well as their influence on the general public in the region, whose reactions, detailed in the newspapers, shifted from sympathy to frustration with the industrial action at this time.
{"title":"Searching for Safe Haven: Donbas Discourses of the 1989–91 Miners' Strikes","authors":"Yulia Abibok, Pavlo Hrytsak","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The 1989–91 transition period in the USSR was marked by a series of major miners' strikes in Ukraine. The miners' movement was driven by growing popular dissatisfaction with and distrust of the Soviet government in Moscow. In the key Ukrainian coal mining region of Donbas, which was hard hit by economic decline in the USSR, the first strike in 1989 transformed local miners into the dominant political force at the regional and in some respects national levels. As this article demonstrates, the miners' economic situation and political moods played an important role in Ukrainian politics, as various antagonistic political elites tried to win their backing and mobilize their anger against competitors. By analyzing publications in two major regional daily newspapers, the article provides a close examination of changes in attitudes and loyalties of the protesters, as well as their influence on the general public in the region, whose reactions, detailed in the newspapers, shifted from sympathy to frustration with the industrial action at this time.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116763900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regionalism Without Regions: Re-conceptualizing Ukraine's Heterogeneity ed. by Ulrich Schmid and Oksana Myshlovska (review)","authors":"Mykola Riabchuk","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122606258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The article analyzes the heritagization of industrial culture in Ukraine's Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts from the early 20th century until the 2010s. It is based on participant observation, analysis of media discourse, and 24 semistructured interviews with local historians, museum employees, and other agents of industrial heritagization, collected between 2016 and 2021. The article argues that changing political, social, and cultural contexts, as well as the shifting balance of power between the main organizations for heritage preservation has resulted in the selective representation of the region's past. It demonstrates that preservationist and utilitarian (political or economic) approaches have been dominant, and that future-oriented initiatives are still few and far between. The authors argue for the need for more forward-oriented thinking in dealings with the present and future of Donbas's industrial heritage.
{"title":"Industrial Heritage and Its Multiple Uses in Donbas, Ukraine","authors":"Iryna Sklokina, V. Kulikov","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The article analyzes the heritagization of industrial culture in Ukraine's Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts from the early 20th century until the 2010s. It is based on participant observation, analysis of media discourse, and 24 semistructured interviews with local historians, museum employees, and other agents of industrial heritagization, collected between 2016 and 2021. The article argues that changing political, social, and cultural contexts, as well as the shifting balance of power between the main organizations for heritage preservation has resulted in the selective representation of the region's past. It demonstrates that preservationist and utilitarian (political or economic) approaches have been dominant, and that future-oriented initiatives are still few and far between. The authors argue for the need for more forward-oriented thinking in dealings with the present and future of Donbas's industrial heritage.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116015922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ukraine and Russia: From Civilized Divorce to Uncivil War by Paul D'Anieri (review)","authors":"Danylo Sudyn","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127988747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Ukrainian art provides unique examples of challenging bordering policies in the geopolitical context of the war in Donbas. Employing critical borders studies and the perspective of feminist geopolitics, this paper looks at borders beyond territories, including discursive landscapes of power and intersectionality. It focuses on the role of art in post-Maidan Ukraine as a response to political violence and bordering, and the relations between art and bordering work in nongovernment-controlled areas of eastern Ukraine. It argues that feminist art, through practices of "seeing as a border," brings a more intimate geopolitical perspective to audiences' understandings of the lived experiences of civilians residing in the nongovernment territories of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. Through analysis of Alevtina Kakhidze and Maria Kulikovska's art, the research demonstrates how the geographical gaze towards art and its role in dis-bordering add to the understanding of space and resistance.
{"title":"The Feminist Geopolitics of Donbas: The Role of Art in Challenging Bordering","authors":"I. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Ukrainian art provides unique examples of challenging bordering policies in the geopolitical context of the war in Donbas. Employing critical borders studies and the perspective of feminist geopolitics, this paper looks at borders beyond territories, including discursive landscapes of power and intersectionality. It focuses on the role of art in post-Maidan Ukraine as a response to political violence and bordering, and the relations between art and bordering work in nongovernment-controlled areas of eastern Ukraine. It argues that feminist art, through practices of \"seeing as a border,\" brings a more intimate geopolitical perspective to audiences' understandings of the lived experiences of civilians residing in the nongovernment territories of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts. Through analysis of Alevtina Kakhidze and Maria Kulikovska's art, the research demonstrates how the geographical gaze towards art and its role in dis-bordering add to the understanding of space and resistance.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132061675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Since the outbreak of the war in Donbas in 2014, the term opolchenie (insurgency) has become firmly associated with the militant groups controlling parts of eastern Ukraine. The word emerged as their preferred autonym, adopted by the progovernment Russian media and snubbed by Ukrainian outlets. Historically applied to the Russian volunteer military formations, "opolchenie" foregrounds the contentious idea of the grassroots nature of Donbas militias. Politically, it gestures towards the symbolic totality of the "Russian World" ("Russkii mir") mobilized to fight off foreign invaders. Using multimodal discourse analysis, I scrutinize the myth behind the name, examining how the image of the "opolchenets" ("insurgent") is cultivated as a transhistorical embodiment of heroic and virtuous Russianness in contemporary popular songs about the war in Donbas. I argue that songs serve to construct and popularize the new "opolchenets" identity in the Donbas region, simultaneously as an alternative to and extension of extant complex local identities.
{"title":"\"The Timeless Opolchenets\": Popular Songs and the Making of the Donbas Insurgent","authors":"I. Shuvalova","doi":"10.1353/reg.2021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/reg.2021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Since the outbreak of the war in Donbas in 2014, the term opolchenie (insurgency) has become firmly associated with the militant groups controlling parts of eastern Ukraine. The word emerged as their preferred autonym, adopted by the progovernment Russian media and snubbed by Ukrainian outlets. Historically applied to the Russian volunteer military formations, \"opolchenie\" foregrounds the contentious idea of the grassroots nature of Donbas militias. Politically, it gestures towards the symbolic totality of the \"Russian World\" (\"Russkii mir\") mobilized to fight off foreign invaders. Using multimodal discourse analysis, I scrutinize the myth behind the name, examining how the image of the \"opolchenets\" (\"insurgent\") is cultivated as a transhistorical embodiment of heroic and virtuous Russianness in contemporary popular songs about the war in Donbas. I argue that songs serve to construct and popularize the new \"opolchenets\" identity in the Donbas region, simultaneously as an alternative to and extension of extant complex local identities.","PeriodicalId":307724,"journal":{"name":"Region: Regional Studies of Russia, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114149512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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