Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.3.05
W. Skrzypczak, A. Kurpińska, Marlena Baziuk
Dynamic changes in an organism of heifers at the end of pregnancy, and in primiparous cows in early lactation, may imply changes in morphological parameters. Their evaluation may contribute to a better understanding of changes, occurring in an organism of pregnant and lactating young cows. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate, analyze and evaluate the changes in hematological parameters of peripheral blood (RBC, MCV, HGB, MCH, MCHC, WBC, PLT and HCT) in pregnant heifers/primiparous cows, of Polish Holstein-Friesian of Black-and-White variety, during the last trimester of pregnancy and in the first two months of lactation, with particular emphasis on transition period. Blood parameters were analyzed with the use of analyzer: scil Vet abc Plus+ (HORIBA Medical), on the following dates: 90, 30, 14 and 7 days before parturition and 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after parturition. Results of the study indicate that the most abrupt changes were observed for hematocrit, erythrocyte count, leukocytes, thrombocytes and hemoglobin concentration in blood. Parameters of red blood cells, at the end of pregnancy and first two months of lactation, didn’t exhibit any statistically significant changes. Noteworthy, is the convergence of trends in hematocrit and hemoglobin during analyzed period. High and stable hematocrit at the end of pregnancy was due to the stable erythrocyte count in this period. Decrease in RBCs after calving, and lower values during first two months of lactation, caused postpartum decrease in hematocrit and its stabilization at a lower level. These observations denote indirectly changes in blood volume, during analyzed period, what is supported by: tendencies observed for hemoglobin concentration, and stable MCV and MCHC. Obtained results suggest high efficiency of homeostatic mechanisms in pregnant and lactating heifers/primiparous cows. Our results may be useful for comparative studies both in physiology and health disturbances research in cows during the pre and post-partum period.
小母牛在妊娠末期和初产奶牛在泌乳早期的生物体动态变化可能意味着形态参数的变化。他们的评估可能有助于更好地了解怀孕和哺乳幼牛体内发生的变化。因此，本研究的目的是调查、分析和评估怀孕小母牛/初产奶牛、黑白品种的波兰荷斯坦-弗里西牛、妊娠晚期和哺乳期前两个月外周血血液学参数（RBC、MCV、HGB、MCH、MCHC、WBC、PLT和HCT）的变化，特别是过渡期。使用scil Vet abc Plus+（HORIBA Medical）分析仪分析以下日期的血液参数：分娩前90、30、14和7天以及分娩后7、14、30和60天。研究结果表明，血细胞比容、红细胞计数、白细胞、血小板和血红蛋白浓度变化最为剧烈。在妊娠末期和哺乳期的前两个月，红细胞的参数没有表现出任何统计学上的显著变化。值得注意的是，在分析期间，红细胞比容和血红蛋白的趋势趋于一致。妊娠末期红细胞压积高而稳定是由于这一时期红细胞计数稳定。产仔后红细胞减少，哺乳前两个月红细胞比值降低，导致产后红细胞压积降低并稳定在较低水平。这些观察结果表明，在分析期间，血容量的间接变化得到了以下方面的支持：血红蛋白浓度的趋势，以及稳定的MCV和MCHC。所获得的结果表明，在怀孕和哺乳的小母牛/初产妇中，稳态机制是高效的。我们的研究结果可能有助于对奶牛产前和产后的生理学和健康障碍进行比较研究。
{"title":"Analysis of changes in selected hematological parameters in blood from primiparous dairy cows during last trimester of pregnancy and first two months of lactation","authors":"W. Skrzypczak, A. Kurpińska, Marlena Baziuk","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic changes in an organism of heifers at the end of pregnancy, and in primiparous cows in early lactation, may imply changes in morphological parameters. Their evaluation may contribute to a better understanding of changes, occurring in an organism of pregnant and lactating young cows. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate, analyze and evaluate the changes in hematological parameters of peripheral blood (RBC, MCV, HGB, MCH, MCHC, WBC, PLT and HCT) in pregnant heifers/primiparous cows, of Polish Holstein-Friesian of Black-and-White variety, during the last trimester of pregnancy and in the first two months of lactation, with particular emphasis on transition period. Blood parameters were analyzed with the use of analyzer: scil Vet abc Plus+ (HORIBA Medical), on the following dates: 90, 30, 14 and 7 days before parturition and 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after parturition. Results of the study indicate that the most abrupt changes were observed for hematocrit, erythrocyte count, leukocytes, thrombocytes and hemoglobin concentration in blood. Parameters of red blood cells, at the end of pregnancy and first two months of lactation, didn’t exhibit any statistically significant changes. Noteworthy, is the convergence of trends in hematocrit and hemoglobin during analyzed period. High and stable hematocrit at the end of pregnancy was due to the stable erythrocyte count in this period. Decrease in RBCs after calving, and lower values during first two months of lactation, caused postpartum decrease in hematocrit and its stabilization at a lower level. These observations denote indirectly changes in blood volume, during analyzed period, what is supported by: tendencies observed for hemoglobin concentration, and stable MCV and MCHC. Obtained results suggest high efficiency of homeostatic mechanisms in pregnant and lactating heifers/primiparous cows. Our results may be useful for comparative studies both in physiology and health disturbances research in cows during the pre and post-partum period.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49269589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.01
A. Kasprzyk, J. Kilar
The aim of the present study was to identify and assess the determinants of the content of Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cd, and Pb in longissimus lumborum (LL) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles of fallow deer and red deer reared in the organic system. The concentrations of 6 elements (Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb) in fallow deer and red deer meat produced in the organic system in Poland were analyzed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The animals, i.e. 12 ca. 2- and 3-year-old fallow deer (Dama dama) and 12 ca. 3- and 4-year-old red deer (Cervus elaphus), were culled during the autumn season. Both groups of animals comprised 6 males and 6 females. A significant effect of the species on the content of selected minerals in the meat was noted. It was found that the LL muscle from the fallow deer was a rich source of Ca, Mg, and Zn, and the meat from the red deer had high amounts of Zn and Fe. The age of the animals had a significant effect on the level of Mg in the red deer meat.
{"title":"Selected minerals in skeletal muscles of fallow deer (Dama dama) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) farmed in the organic system - preliminary study","authors":"A. Kasprzyk, J. Kilar","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to identify and assess the determinants of the content of Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cd, and Pb in longissimus lumborum (LL) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles of fallow deer and red deer reared in the organic system. The concentrations of 6 elements (Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb) in fallow deer and red deer meat produced in the organic system in Poland were analyzed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The animals, i.e. 12 ca. 2- and 3-year-old fallow deer (Dama dama) and 12 ca. 3- and 4-year-old red deer (Cervus elaphus), were culled during the autumn season. Both groups of animals comprised 6 males and 6 females. A significant effect of the species on the content of selected minerals in the meat was noted. It was found that the LL muscle from the fallow deer was a rich source of Ca, Mg, and Zn, and the meat from the red deer had high amounts of Zn and Fe. The age of the animals had a significant effect on the level of Mg in the red deer meat.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49262830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.03
N. Święcicka, M. Bogucki, A. Kołodziejska-Sawerska
The aim of the study was to define the extent of occurrence of stereotypic compulsive behaviour in chinchillas (biting the cage, licking the paws, fur chewing, aimless running around the cage) depending on the displayed character type (temperament). Thirty chinchillas were assigned to three character type (temperament) groups on the basis of a behavioural test. The conclusion of the analysis was that the chinchillas not displaying any signs of fear or hyper-excitability spent the least time on stereotypic compulsive behaviour. More timid individuals most frequently displayed oral compulsion such as paw licking or fur chewing, whereas hyperactive ones most frequently were observed to aimlessly run around the cage. It was concluded that the animal's disposition significantly influenced the amount of time spent on repetitive stereotypic behaviour (P ≤ 0.01), and also that the time of day significantly influenced the frequency of chinchillas biting cage bars (P ≤ 0.05). It was observed that chinchillas in group III manifested the analysed behaviour mainly during the night time, in the remaining two groups the intensity of studied traits was more diversified during both day and night. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between most analysed behaviours.
{"title":"The impact of temperament type on the occurrence of stereotypic behaviour in chinchillas","authors":"N. Święcicka, M. Bogucki, A. Kołodziejska-Sawerska","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to define the extent of occurrence of stereotypic compulsive behaviour in chinchillas (biting the cage, licking the paws, fur chewing, aimless running around the cage) depending on the displayed character type (temperament). Thirty chinchillas were assigned to three character type (temperament) groups on the basis of a behavioural test. The conclusion of the analysis was that the chinchillas not displaying any signs of fear or hyper-excitability spent the least time on stereotypic compulsive behaviour. More timid individuals most frequently displayed oral compulsion such as paw licking or fur chewing, whereas hyperactive ones most frequently were observed to aimlessly run around the cage. It was concluded that the animal's disposition significantly influenced the amount of time spent on repetitive stereotypic behaviour (P ≤ 0.01), and also that the time of day significantly influenced the frequency of chinchillas biting cage bars (P ≤ 0.05). It was observed that chinchillas in group III manifested the analysed behaviour mainly during the night time, in the remaining two groups the intensity of studied traits was more diversified during both day and night. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between most analysed behaviours.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48485702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.02
E. Januś, P. Sablik, A. Święciło
Biotechnological methods can be used in dairy cow reproduction to increase reproductive potential and improve economic outcomes of milk production. Biotechnological methods widely used in reproduction include artificial insemination and embryo transfer, and more recently insemination with sexed semen, which makes it possible to control the sex of the offspring. This study presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the use of sexed semen in a selected herd of dairy cows. The results confirmed the effectiveness of sexed semen at increasing births of female calves. Sexed semen was most effective among heifers. In that group the fewest insemination doses were required for conception (1.54), and pregnancy after the first insemination procedure was noted in 52.2% of cases. The values of selected fertility parameters (calving-to-first-service interval, service period, services per conception, and rate of conception after first service) did not deviate significantly from recommended values in cows inseminated with sexed and unsexed semen. Among the group of cows inseminated with sexed semen, fertility parameters were significantly more favourable than in the group inseminated with conventional semen.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEXED SEMEN IN A SELECTED HERD OF DAIRY COWS","authors":"E. Januś, P. Sablik, A. Święciło","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Biotechnological methods can be used in dairy cow reproduction to increase reproductive potential and improve economic outcomes of milk production. Biotechnological methods widely used in reproduction include artificial insemination and embryo transfer, and more recently insemination with sexed semen, which makes it possible to control the sex of the offspring. This study presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the use of sexed semen in a selected herd of dairy cows. The results confirmed the effectiveness of sexed semen at increasing births of female calves. Sexed semen was most effective among heifers. In that group the fewest insemination doses were required for conception (1.54), and pregnancy after the first insemination procedure was noted in 52.2% of cases. The values of selected fertility parameters (calving-to-first-service interval, service period, services per conception, and rate of conception after first service) did not deviate significantly from recommended values in cows inseminated with sexed and unsexed semen. Among the group of cows inseminated with sexed semen, fertility parameters were significantly more favourable than in the group inseminated with conventional semen.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49437562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.04
Alina Olejniczak, M. Bogusławska-Tryk, K. Walasik, J. Bogucka
The use of digital kinematic analysis in veterinary medicine provides great opportunities to diagnose lameness in dogs. The aim of the study was to determine the lateralization of the dog's gait and to create a gait model for a given individual at walk and trot. The material used for the study was a boxer bitch. The study was carried out on a dogPACER treadmill at feed speeds allowing the dog to move at walk and trot. The analysis performed in the Noraxon MyoVideo program included the length of the step and angulation in the joints in the three phases of movement. A comparative analysis of the angle values in the joints in both gait types indicates statistically significantly larger angulation (P < 0.05) in the joints of the pelvic and thoracic limbs and a reflection of these changes in the distance between the steps taken. Deviations are most often visible for the left hip, knee and ankle joints and intensify when the gait rate increases in the initial phase of limb transfer. In addition to differences for the pelvic limbs, significant differences were found for angulation in the shoulder and elbow joints. The results indicate the advantages of kinematic analysis as a tool for early diagnosis of changes in the locomotor apparatus, which allows the implementation of appropriate therapy aimed at restoring the normal motor functions of the body.
{"title":"Digital analysis of the dog’s gait as a tool for early diagnosis of locomotor dysfunction – case study","authors":"Alina Olejniczak, M. Bogusławska-Tryk, K. Walasik, J. Bogucka","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"The use of digital kinematic analysis in veterinary medicine provides great opportunities to diagnose lameness in dogs. The aim of the study was to determine the lateralization of the dog's gait and to create a gait model for a given individual at walk and trot. The material used for the study was a boxer bitch. The study was carried out on a dogPACER treadmill at feed speeds allowing the dog to move at walk and trot. The analysis performed in the Noraxon MyoVideo program included the length of the step and angulation in the joints in the three phases of movement. A comparative analysis of the angle values in the joints in both gait types indicates statistically significantly larger angulation (P < 0.05) in the joints of the pelvic and thoracic limbs and a reflection of these changes in the distance between the steps taken. Deviations are most often visible for the left hip, knee and ankle joints and intensify when the gait rate increases in the initial phase of limb transfer. In addition to differences for the pelvic limbs, significant differences were found for angulation in the shoulder and elbow joints. The results indicate the advantages of kinematic analysis as a tool for early diagnosis of changes in the locomotor apparatus, which allows the implementation of appropriate therapy aimed at restoring the normal motor functions of the body.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46498856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-23DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.05
Lucyna Dmowska, B. Bartyzel, S. Paśko, G. Bogiel, M. Borusiński
The widespread availability of legal pneumatic weapons is commonly abused to hurt animals. Determining the shotgun based on animal injuries is complex and requires the knowledge of gunshot wounds and animal tissues. In this study, a detailed gunshot wound analysis was conducted on bird carcasses. An attempt was made to examine damaged soft and hard tissues in Japanese quail. A ballistic device of low energy was used. It was found that the shot of an average velocity of 83 m · s–1 thoroughly penetrates a bird carcass of an average mass of 205.5 g. A head or a neck shot with the same velocity can lead to immediate death. The shot velocity of 110 m · s–1 generates enough energy to move a carcass. These prove how dangerous the weapon is when used to harm small animals. Further studies may contribute to creating a model of bird injuries produced by various shots and result in strict law on possession of low-energy pneumatic weapons in Poland.
{"title":"Tissue damage in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) caused by pneumatic weapon in imaging and ballistic studies","authors":"Lucyna Dmowska, B. Bartyzel, S. Paśko, G. Bogiel, M. Borusiński","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread availability of legal pneumatic weapons is commonly abused to hurt animals. Determining the shotgun based on animal injuries is complex and requires the knowledge of gunshot wounds and animal tissues. In this study, a detailed gunshot wound analysis was conducted on bird carcasses. An attempt was made to examine damaged soft and hard tissues in Japanese quail. A ballistic device of low energy was used. It was found that the shot of an average velocity of 83 m · s–1 thoroughly penetrates a bird carcass of an average mass of 205.5 g. A head or a neck shot with the same velocity can lead to immediate death. The shot velocity of 110 m · s–1 generates enough energy to move a carcass. These prove how dangerous the weapon is when used to harm small animals. Further studies may contribute to creating a model of bird injuries produced by various shots and result in strict law on possession of low-energy pneumatic weapons in Poland.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44860378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.05
Dominika M. Karasiewicz, A. Kołodziejska-Sawerska, M. Stanek
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program during recovery from surgery in a dog with patellar dislocation and rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Manual techniques, active and passive kinesitherapy and hydrotherapy were used in the study. Parametric methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy: goniometric measurements, lameness severity analysis, pelvic limb circumference measurements, and a non-parametric method: a questionnaire. The results of our study showed that physiotherapy had a positive effect on restoring normal gait and increasing muscle mass in the operated limb. The study confirmed the great usefulness of rehabilitation in the recovery process after surgical stabilization of knee joint structures. Beginning physiotherapy as soon as possible after the surgery is crucial to prevent the negative effects of limb immobilization.
{"title":"Rehabilitation procedure after surgical stabilization of the patella and cranial cruciate ligament in a dog – case study","authors":"Dominika M. Karasiewicz, A. Kołodziejska-Sawerska, M. Stanek","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program during recovery from surgery in a dog with patellar dislocation and rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Manual techniques, active and passive kinesitherapy and hydrotherapy were used in the study. Parametric methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapy: goniometric measurements, lameness severity analysis, pelvic limb circumference measurements, and a non-parametric method: a questionnaire. The results of our study showed that physiotherapy had a positive effect on restoring normal gait and increasing muscle mass in the operated limb. The study confirmed the great usefulness of rehabilitation in the recovery process after surgical stabilization of knee joint structures. Beginning physiotherapy as soon as possible after the surgery is crucial to prevent the negative effects of limb immobilization.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45935339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.01
Sabina Kaim-Mirowski, B. Biesiada-Drzazga, K. Andraszek, Mohamed Ali Saleh, D. Banaszewska
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Cu and Zn chelates on the levels of these microelements in the blood of broiler chickens in successive weeks of rearing. The re-search material was Ross 308 broiler chickens. The study was carried out in two buildings with 30,000 chickens in each. From each building, 50 chickens were randomly selected to form the experimental and control groups. Blood for analysis was collected from the wing vein every 7 days, from the first day of fattening to day 42. In the experimental group the microelements zinc and copper contained in the feed were in organic form. The effect of the feed additive containing selected microelements in organic form on broiler chickens was assessed from weeks 1 to 6 of fattening. During the experiment the average body weight gains were monitored. Mortality was monitored, and feed consumption per kg weight gain was estimated. To conclude, the addition of organic Cu and Zn chelates to the diet of broiler chickens affected their average body weight gain, increasing body weight at the start and end of the fattening period (fifth and sixth weeks of age) while increasing feed conversion.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF FEED SUPPLEMENTATION WITH CU ANG ZN CHELATES ON THE CONTENT OF THESE ELEMENTS IN THE BLOOD OF BROILER CHICKENS AND THEIR BODY WEIGHT AND FEED CONVERSION","authors":"Sabina Kaim-Mirowski, B. Biesiada-Drzazga, K. Andraszek, Mohamed Ali Saleh, D. Banaszewska","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Cu and Zn chelates on the levels of these microelements in the blood of broiler chickens in successive weeks of rearing. The re-search material was Ross 308 broiler chickens. The study was carried out in two buildings with 30,000 chickens in each. From each building, 50 chickens were randomly selected to form the experimental and control groups. Blood for analysis was collected from the wing vein every 7 days, from the first day of fattening to day 42. In the experimental group the microelements zinc and copper contained in the feed were in organic form. The effect of the feed additive containing selected microelements in organic form on broiler chickens was assessed from weeks 1 to 6 of fattening. During the experiment the average body weight gains were monitored. Mortality was monitored, and feed consumption per kg weight gain was estimated. To conclude, the addition of organic Cu and Zn chelates to the diet of broiler chickens affected their average body weight gain, increasing body weight at the start and end of the fattening period (fifth and sixth weeks of age) while increasing feed conversion.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43167788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.02
O. Yılmaz
According to scientists, the dog was domesticated in Asia and spread to other parts of the world from this continent. Turks are also from Central Asia. It is believed that the homeland of the Turkish Akbash Shepherd Dog is Central Asia. The Turks may have taken these white-skinned shepherd dogs to other parts of Europe as well. It is also believed that the Hungarians came from the Hun Turks, one of the ancient Turkish tribes. When the ancestors of the Hungarians came to this region, they may have brought white-skinned dogs, which are now called Kuvasz Dogs. Hungary, Slovakia and Southern Poland are in the same basin and dogs called Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra are bred in the countries of this basin, respectively. Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra were brought by the Hun Turks and may be dogs of the same origin. This paper claims “All white-skinned shepherd dogs are descended from the Central Asian Shepherd Dog, which was taken by the Turks from Central Asia to other countries.” If this hypothesis can be proven as a result of genetic analysis, the results of this research will not only serve animal science, but also anthropology for humanity.
{"title":"Possible genetic resemblance among white coated shepherd dogs such as Turkish Akbash Shepherd, Polish Tatra, Kuvasz, Chuvach, and Central Asian Shepherd Dog","authors":"O. Yılmaz","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"According to scientists, the dog was domesticated in Asia and spread to other parts of the world from this continent. Turks are also from Central Asia. It is believed that the homeland of the Turkish Akbash Shepherd Dog is Central Asia. The Turks may have taken these white-skinned shepherd dogs to other parts of Europe as well. It is also believed that the Hungarians came from the Hun Turks, one of the ancient Turkish tribes. When the ancestors of the Hungarians came to this region, they may have brought white-skinned dogs, which are now called Kuvasz Dogs. Hungary, Slovakia and Southern Poland are in the same basin and dogs called Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra are bred in the countries of this basin, respectively. Kuvasz, Chuvach and Tatra were brought by the Hun Turks and may be dogs of the same origin. This paper claims “All white-skinned shepherd dogs are descended from the Central Asian Shepherd Dog, which was taken by the Turks from Central Asia to other countries.” If this hypothesis can be proven as a result of genetic analysis, the results of this research will not only serve animal science, but also anthropology for humanity.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41324533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.03
Hubert Piszcz, Sławomir Piotrowski, A. Milczarek
The paper analyses the costs of production of roughage and nutritive fodder and fattening HF and Limousine crossbreds of feeder cattle. The costs of growing fodder for feeder cattle were calculated per one hectare. The cost of producing one tonne of feed was determined based on the farm’s mean crop yield. The calculation included the cost of maintenance, including the cost of feeding 14 animals over 22 months. The animals were kept untethered in stalls with deep litter from the body weight of 36.86 kg to 812.14 kg on the selling date. The feeder cattle were fed according to the nutritional recommendations, and their feed rations were based on feedstock produced on the farm, except post-extraction meals and the mineral and vitamin mix Dolfos BO. It was demonstrated that the cost of producing one tonne of roughage ranged from PLN 66.98 (maize silage) to PLN 265.98 (hay), while that of grain oscillated from PLN 261.22 (rye) to approximately PLN 371 (oats and wheat). It was found that maize silage generated the highest cost in feeder cattle feeding. This fact should be associated with its largest share in feed rations, which as a result corresponded to nearly 5.5 tonnes per animal. As regards nutritive fodder, the highest cost was generated by nutritive fodder 2, which was also linked to its amount per animal. Throughout the fattening period, each animal consumed more than 10 tonnes of feed and its cost could be estimated at PLN 27,939.53. To sum up, the farm received PLN 1,616.75 of income from breeding one animal.
{"title":"Analysis of the costs of feed production and fattening beef cattle using the example of a selected private farm","authors":"Hubert Piszcz, Sławomir Piotrowski, A. Milczarek","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the costs of production of roughage and nutritive fodder and fattening HF and Limousine crossbreds of feeder cattle. The costs of growing fodder for feeder cattle were calculated per one hectare. The cost of producing one tonne of feed was determined based on the farm’s mean crop yield. The calculation included the cost of maintenance, including the cost of feeding 14 animals over 22 months. The animals were kept untethered in stalls with deep litter from the body weight of 36.86 kg to 812.14 kg on the selling date. The feeder cattle were fed according to the nutritional recommendations, and their feed rations were based on feedstock produced on the farm, except post-extraction meals and the mineral and vitamin mix Dolfos BO. It was demonstrated that the cost of producing one tonne of roughage ranged from PLN 66.98 (maize silage) to PLN 265.98 (hay), while that of grain oscillated from PLN 261.22 (rye) to approximately PLN 371 (oats and wheat). It was found that maize silage generated the highest cost in feeder cattle feeding. This fact should be associated with its largest share in feed rations, which as a result corresponded to nearly 5.5 tonnes per animal. As regards nutritive fodder, the highest cost was generated by nutritive fodder 2, which was also linked to its amount per animal. Throughout the fattening period, each animal consumed more than 10 tonnes of feed and its cost could be estimated at PLN 27,939.53. To sum up, the farm received PLN 1,616.75 of income from breeding one animal.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41854618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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