Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.04
Ehlinaz Torun Kayabasi, O. Yılmaz
The transition of people from the nomadic life to the settled social life from the past to the present has also affected and further developed the relations of people in the settled life with animals. As people move from individual life to social life, they also experience some social and economic changes. These changes often affect behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Social changes have brought with them urban and rural differences. Along with this change, people’s perspectives on animals also changed over time, they domesticated some species defined as wild or wild animals and started to keep them as pets in their farms or homes. People benefit from various yields of animals such as offspring, meat, milk, eggs, wool, horns, nails, work, protection, life partner, guidance service. Although there are many reasons for this, the most important reason is the Covid-19 pandemic. It is clearly seen that animals provide economic, social and spiritual support to humans in this difficult period.
{"title":"Contribution of domestic animals to human economic and social life","authors":"Ehlinaz Torun Kayabasi, O. Yılmaz","doi":"10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2022.21.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The transition of people from the nomadic life to the settled social life from the past to the present has also affected and further developed the relations of people in the settled life with animals. As people move from individual life to social life, they also experience some social and economic changes. These changes often affect behaviour patterns and lifestyles. Social changes have brought with them urban and rural differences. Along with this change, people’s perspectives on animals also changed over time, they domesticated some species defined as wild or wild animals and started to keep them as pets in their farms or homes. People benefit from various yields of animals such as offspring, meat, milk, eggs, wool, horns, nails, work, protection, life partner, guidance service. Although there are many reasons for this, the most important reason is the Covid-19 pandemic. It is clearly seen that animals provide economic, social and spiritual support to humans in this difficult period.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.03
K. Śmiecińska
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory properties of musculus longissimus lumborum (LL) collected from Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White (HF BW) bulls and stored for 7, 14 and 21 days under different modified atmospheres (MA): vacuum, 80% O2 + 20% CO2, 60% O2 + 30% CO2 + 10% N2, 40% CO2 + 60% N2, 30% CO2 + 70% Ar. Meat stored for 21 days in MA containing 80% O2 was more susceptible to undesirable changes in colour. The aroma of raw meat, evaluated immediately after the package was opened, changed throughout storage. Beef stored in MA containing O2 scored lower for taste evaluated after thermal treatment. The juiciness and tenderness of beef improved during storage, and the highest scores for those attributes were assigned after 21 days of vacuum storage. A decrease in Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values and a corresponding increase in tenderness, point to the tenderization of beef regardless of storage conditions.
本研究的目的是评估的感官性质进行longissimus lumborum (LL)收集Holstein-Friesian黑白(高频BW)公牛和存储7、14和21天在不同改性大气压(MA):真空,80% O2 + 20%二氧化碳、60% + 30% CO2 + O2 10% N2, 40% CO2 + 60% N2, 30% CO2 + 70% Ar。马肉21天存储在包含80% O2更容易不受欢迎的颜色的变化。生肉的香气，在包装打开后立即评估，在整个储存过程中发生变化。储存在含氧MA中的牛肉在热处理后的口感评分较低。牛肉的多汁性和嫩度在贮藏过程中得到改善，在真空贮藏21天后得分最高。华纳-布拉茨勒剪切力(WBSF)值的降低和相应的嫩度增加，表明无论储存条件如何，牛肉都会嫩化。
{"title":"Changes in the sensory properties of beef stored under different modified atmospheres","authors":"K. Śmiecińska","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory properties of musculus longissimus lumborum (LL) collected from Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White (HF BW) bulls and stored for 7, 14 and 21 days under different modified atmospheres (MA): vacuum, 80% O2 + 20% CO2, 60% O2 + 30% CO2 + 10% N2, 40% CO2 + 60% N2, 30% CO2 + 70% Ar. Meat stored for 21 days in MA containing 80% O2 was more susceptible to undesirable changes in colour. The aroma of raw meat, evaluated immediately after the package was opened, changed throughout storage. Beef stored in MA containing O2 scored lower for taste evaluated after thermal treatment. The juiciness and tenderness of beef improved during storage, and the highest scores for those attributes were assigned after 21 days of vacuum storage. A decrease in Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values and a corresponding increase in tenderness, point to the tenderization of beef regardless of storage conditions.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46909419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.02
N. A. Ghafoor, B. Sitkowska
Mastitis is the single most expensive disease among cattle in the dairy industry and environmental pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus warneri are among the most common culprits. Recent studies had shed the light on how such pathogens utilize lipolysis mechanisms to evade their host's immune response. In this study, computational drug discovery approaches were deployed to investigate human FDA-approved drugs that hold the potential of serving as inhibitors of lipase activity in the former 2 pathogens. Comprehensive computational analysis involving molecular docking, nanoscale molecular dynamics, and in silico binding free energy estimation has shown that Drospirenone, a unique progestogen with anti-mineralocorticoid properties commonly used in human birth control pills holds potential inhibitory activity against the lipase of Staphylococcus warneri as it had shown to form several stable hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the formers lipWY lipase enzyme.
{"title":"Computational repurposing of FDA-approved drugs against specific mastitis-causing pathogens","authors":"N. A. Ghafoor, B. Sitkowska","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"Mastitis is the single most expensive disease among cattle in the dairy industry and environmental pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus warneri are among the most common culprits. Recent studies had shed the light on how such pathogens utilize lipolysis mechanisms to evade their host's immune response. In this study, computational drug discovery approaches were deployed to investigate human FDA-approved drugs that hold the potential of serving as inhibitors of lipase activity in the former 2 pathogens. Comprehensive computational analysis involving molecular docking, nanoscale molecular dynamics, and in silico binding free energy estimation has shown that Drospirenone, a unique progestogen with anti-mineralocorticoid properties commonly used in human birth control pills holds potential inhibitory activity against the lipase of Staphylococcus warneri as it had shown to form several stable hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with the formers lipWY lipase enzyme.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43543399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.04
S. Słodki, J. Bogucka
Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in the stifle is one of the most common causes of hind-limb lameness in middle-aged and old dogs. The treatment of choice involves surgical extra- or intra-capsular stabilization of the knee joint, or the increasingly preferred tibial osteotomy techniques. Postoperative rehabilitation of the affected limb is an equally important part of the treatment. The paper describes three cases of rupture of the cruciate ligament in dogs and the methods of physiotherapeutic treatment applied to them. The techniques of passive and active exercises were used along with massage and physical therapy, such as magnetotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, and laser therapy. The development of the correct physiotherapeutic treatment plan, the selection of techniques, and the duration of therapy is crucial for its effectiveness. It has been shown that rehabilitation has a positive effect on the tissue healing process. It also shortens the time needed to restore full mobility of the affected limb, both during the non-complicated healing process and in the event of problematic cases.
{"title":"PHYSIOTHERAPY SUPPORT FOR POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT OF CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE IN DOGS: CASE REPORT","authors":"S. Słodki, J. Bogucka","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) in the stifle is one of the most common causes of hind-limb lameness in middle-aged and old dogs. The treatment of choice involves surgical extra- or intra-capsular stabilization of the knee joint, or the increasingly preferred tibial osteotomy techniques. Postoperative rehabilitation of the affected limb is an equally important part of the treatment. The paper describes three cases of rupture of the cruciate ligament in dogs and the methods of physiotherapeutic treatment applied to them. The techniques of passive and active exercises were used along with massage and physical therapy, such as magnetotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, and laser therapy. The development of the correct physiotherapeutic treatment plan, the selection of techniques, and the duration of therapy is crucial for its effectiveness. It has been shown that rehabilitation has a positive effect on the tissue healing process. It also shortens the time needed to restore full mobility of the affected limb, both during the non-complicated healing process and in the event of problematic cases.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49085818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.06
M. Dzierzęcka, A. Charuta
The anatomy of the canine larynx has been described in numerous text books. However there is still a lack of information regarding the most individually variable linear parameters of this organ. Due to a limited number of publications devoted to the morphological structure of the canine larynx in the context of individual variation among dogs, the authors decided to explore this subject. The study material comprised 13 canine larynges obtained from adult male and female dogs. Following dissection, linear measurements and weight were performed. It was demonstrated that the weight and size of the larynx are correlated with the dog’s body weight. The percentage share of the larynx weight in the dog’s body weight ranged between 0.101 and 0.203 %. It was found that parameters presenting the highest variability were: the maximum height of the thyroid cartilage and the maximum width of the epiglottis, whereas the lowest variability was observed with regard to the maximum width of the laryngeal inlet.
{"title":"Morphometric description of the larynx in the dog (Canis familiaris)","authors":"M. Dzierzęcka, A. Charuta","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"The anatomy of the canine larynx has been described in numerous text books. However there is still a lack of information regarding the most individually variable linear parameters of this organ. Due to a limited number of publications devoted to the morphological structure of the canine larynx in the context of individual variation among dogs, the authors decided to explore this subject. The study material comprised 13 canine larynges obtained from adult male and female dogs. Following dissection, linear measurements and weight were performed. It was demonstrated that the weight and size of the larynx are correlated with the dog’s body weight. The percentage share of the larynx weight in the dog’s body weight ranged between 0.101 and 0.203 %. It was found that parameters presenting the highest variability were: the maximum height of the thyroid cartilage and the maximum width of the epiglottis, whereas the lowest variability was observed with regard to the maximum width of the laryngeal inlet.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.12
M. Stobiecka, J. Król, A. Brodziak, Joanna Wajs
Nowadays, consumers choose food products, pay attention not only to their nutritional value and taste, but also to health-promoting properties. Milk from various animal species is a rich source of health-enhancing components present in the fat, protein and water fractions. They exert a multidirectional impact on the human organism and limit the risk of development of many lifestyle diseases. There are differences in the content of bioactive ingredients in milk from various animal species. In comparison with cow milk, which is of key importance in the world production, sheep and donkey milk contains higher amounts of whey proteins (mainly β-Lg) and polyunsaturated acids. Camel milk deserves special attention as well due to its high content of antibacterial substances, i.e. lactoferrin and lysozyme, as well as vitamins C and E. Importantly, milk and dairy products are a rich source of essential amino acids and minerals (mainly calcium), indispensable for normal functioning of the human organism. Due to the presence of antioxidants, i.e. β-Lg, lactoferrin, CLA, and vitamins E and C, they are classified as natural antioxidants.
{"title":"Characteristics of milk from different species of farm animals with special emphasis on health-promoting ingredients","authors":"M. Stobiecka, J. Król, A. Brodziak, Joanna Wajs","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, consumers choose food products, pay attention not only to their nutritional value and taste, but also to health-promoting properties. Milk from various animal species is a rich source of health-enhancing components present in the fat, protein and water fractions. They exert a multidirectional impact on the human organism and limit the risk of development of many lifestyle diseases. There are differences in the content of bioactive ingredients in milk from various animal species. In comparison with cow milk, which is of key importance in the world production, sheep and donkey milk contains higher amounts of whey proteins (mainly β-Lg) and polyunsaturated acids. Camel milk deserves special attention as well due to its high content of antibacterial substances, i.e. lactoferrin and lysozyme, as well as vitamins C and E. Importantly, milk and dairy products are a rich source of essential amino acids and minerals (mainly calcium), indispensable for normal functioning of the human organism. Due to the presence of antioxidants, i.e. β-Lg, lactoferrin, CLA, and vitamins E and C, they are classified as natural antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41543874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.01
L. Felska-Błaszczyk
The aim of this study was to indicate the relationship between various genetic and environmental factors and the results of kits rearing. Among the factors determining the degree of rearing of young kits, genetic factors should be mentioned, especially the color of the mink, and the environmental factors include: duration of labor, age of mothers, mating and laying time, length of pregnancy, litter size, nutrition, body condition the female and her milk yield, indoor microclimate, bacterial and viral diseases, or the care provided by the farm staff. As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the number of reared mink babies is influenced by both the color variety and a number of environmental factors, and the mink farmer's task is to get to know all these aspects and treat them comprehensively. The mink breeding should be carried out in such a way that the animal welfare is as good as possible, so that the females give birth to the healthiest and strongest litters.
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC FACTORS INFLUENCING THE REARING PERFORMANCE IN MINK (NEOVISON VISON)","authors":"L. Felska-Błaszczyk","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to indicate the relationship between various genetic and environmental factors and the results of kits rearing. Among the factors determining the degree of rearing of young kits, genetic factors should be mentioned, especially the color of the mink, and the environmental factors include: duration of labor, age of mothers, mating and laying time, length of pregnancy, litter size, nutrition, body condition the female and her milk yield, indoor microclimate, bacterial and viral diseases, or the care provided by the farm staff. As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the number of reared mink babies is influenced by both the color variety and a number of environmental factors, and the mink farmer's task is to get to know all these aspects and treat them comprehensively. The mink breeding should be carried out in such a way that the animal welfare is as good as possible, so that the females give birth to the healthiest and strongest litters.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.03
Yeong-Hsiang Cheng, Yi-Bing Horng, Wei-Jung Chen, Kuo-Feng Hua, A. Dybus, Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao, Yu-Hsiang Yu
Intestinal microflora plays a critical role in the process of nutrient digestion and immunomodulation. Normal gut microbiota is responsible for resistance to colonization by exogenous pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogen invasion alters the intestinal microbiota composition and causes intestinal disorder in domestic animals. Moreover, stress, infection, or dysbiosis during the feeding period also results in an imbalanced gut microbiota, which also leads to postweaning diarrhea of piglets and necrotic enteritis of chickens. It has been demonstrated that B. licheniformis and B. subtilis has antimicrobial activity against pathogens through the production of antibacterial cyclic lipopeptide surfactin. Therefore, in the present review a series research works on the Bacillus based-fermented products efficacy and validation by alleviating the diarrhea incidence, enteritis, coccidiosis, modified gut microbiota, and decrease postpartum dysgalactia syndrome in pigs and chickens.
{"title":"Development and validation the efficacy of Bacillus-based fermented products as an antibiotics alternative in domestic animals","authors":"Yeong-Hsiang Cheng, Yi-Bing Horng, Wei-Jung Chen, Kuo-Feng Hua, A. Dybus, Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao, Yu-Hsiang Yu","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal microflora plays a critical role in the process of nutrient digestion and immunomodulation. Normal gut microbiota is responsible for resistance to colonization by exogenous pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogen invasion alters the intestinal microbiota composition and causes intestinal disorder in domestic animals. Moreover, stress, infection, or dysbiosis during the feeding period also results in an imbalanced gut microbiota, which also leads to postweaning diarrhea of piglets and necrotic enteritis of chickens. It has been demonstrated that B. licheniformis and B. subtilis has antimicrobial activity against pathogens through the production of antibacterial cyclic lipopeptide surfactin. Therefore, in the present review a series research works on the Bacillus based-fermented products efficacy and validation by alleviating the diarrhea incidence, enteritis, coccidiosis, modified gut microbiota, and decrease postpartum dysgalactia syndrome in pigs and chickens.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.08
P. Mijić, T. Bobić
Milk production in the Republic of Croatia is facing a great challenge. Over the years, there has been a decline in the number of farms, cattle and the amount of milk production. Data for 2019 show a decrease in the number of cows for milk production of 4.4% compared to the previous year, or 14.4% over the last 5 years. Consequently, during the mentioned period, there was a drop in milk production by 15.5%. There are several reasons for this situation: high fragmentation of parcelled land, rural population moving to cities and other richer EU countries, negative population demographics, strong pressure of cheap milk imported by retail chains from western and northern EU member states, insufficiently modernized farms. All this makes it difficult for the survival of the Croatian farmer. Self-sufficiency in milk production in 2019 in Croatia was only 48.4%. In order to somewhat stop these negative trends, the Government of the Republic of Croatia is trying to encourage farmers to modernize dairy farms. One way of modernization is the introduction of milking robots. Farmers increasingly accept the proposed idea. Currently, 40 robots were installed in Croatia, distributed on 27 farms. Preliminary production results show that on robotic farms there has been an increase in milk production at the lactation level of about 528 kg. In addition to the production effect, the robotization of farms also leads to a financial effect on the entire Croatian economy.
{"title":"Milk production and challenges in transition from conventional to robotic milking in Croatia","authors":"P. Mijić, T. Bobić","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Milk production in the Republic of Croatia is facing a great challenge. Over the years, there has been a decline in the number of farms, cattle and the amount of milk production. Data for 2019 show a decrease in the number of cows for milk production of 4.4% compared to the previous year, or 14.4% over the last 5 years. Consequently, during the mentioned period, there was a drop in milk production by 15.5%. There are several reasons for this situation: high fragmentation of parcelled land, rural population moving to cities and other richer EU countries, negative population demographics, strong pressure of cheap milk imported by retail chains from western and northern EU member states, insufficiently modernized farms. All this makes it difficult for the survival of the Croatian farmer. Self-sufficiency in milk production in 2019 in Croatia was only 48.4%. In order to somewhat stop these negative trends, the Government of the Republic of Croatia is trying to encourage farmers to modernize dairy farms. One way of modernization is the introduction of milking robots. Farmers increasingly accept the proposed idea. Currently, 40 robots were installed in Croatia, distributed on 27 farms. Preliminary production results show that on robotic farms there has been an increase in milk production at the lactation level of about 528 kg. In addition to the production effect, the robotization of farms also leads to a financial effect on the entire Croatian economy.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42613003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.10
K. Królaczyk, K. Kavetska, Katarzyna Flis
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and expenditures related to maintenance of Samoyed dogs, specifying the contribution of individual factors affecting the overall economic account. The research material consisted of data obtained from surveys conducted among 111 owners of Samoyeds kept in Poland. The survey asked questions about the costs associated with owning a dog. The results were compiled with the minimum, maximum and average costs, and distinguished the percentage share of individual annual costs. The obtained results were the basis for the conclusion that owners of male dogs incur higher annual costs than owners of bitches. The largest share in the annual costs was related to feeding, and in one-off costs it was the purchase of an animal. In addition to the financial aspects of having a dog, also taken into account should be the effects and non-measurable costs associated with it. It seems that awareness of the costly nature of owning a pure-bred dog can increase the responsibility and reduce the number of abandoned dogs.
{"title":"Owning a Samoyed dog – cost analysis","authors":"K. Królaczyk, K. Kavetska, Katarzyna Flis","doi":"10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21005/asp.2021.20.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and expenditures related to maintenance of Samoyed dogs, specifying the contribution of individual factors affecting the overall economic account. The research material consisted of data obtained from surveys conducted among 111 owners of Samoyeds kept in Poland. The survey asked questions about the costs associated with owning a dog. The results were compiled with the minimum, maximum and average costs, and distinguished the percentage share of individual annual costs. The obtained results were the basis for the conclusion that owners of male dogs incur higher annual costs than owners of bitches. The largest share in the annual costs was related to feeding, and in one-off costs it was the purchase of an animal. In addition to the financial aspects of having a dog, also taken into account should be the effects and non-measurable costs associated with it. It seems that awareness of the costly nature of owning a pure-bred dog can increase the responsibility and reduce the number of abandoned dogs.","PeriodicalId":30932,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45767725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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