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THE USE OF VARIOUS ANIMAL SPECIES FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES IN POLAND: CURRENT PERSPECTIVES 在波兰为治疗目的使用各种动物:目前的观点
Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.21005/ASP.2020.19.2.01
Joanna Kapustka, M. Budzyńska
Animal-assisted therapy involves many species of domesticated animals (e.g. dog, cat, horse) as well as more exotic species (e.g. dolphin) or small mammals (e.g. guinea pig) and is used for improvement in physical and mental functioning of both, children and adults. The aim of this review is to characterize the types of animal-assisted therapy based on the use of various animal species: the dog, the cat, the horse, the donkey, the alpaca, and the bottlenose dolphin. This review also provides some information about the usefulness of other animal species and categories such as small mammals (“pocket pets”), birds, fish, and farm animals. Contact with the animal might promote the development of personality, education, and rehabilitation and improves the quality of life of pet owners. The animal might be also a great motivator for undertaking new activities. A properly selected and trained dog, horse, or alpaca is a great support in therapist work and helps to establish an appropriate human-animal relationship.
动物辅助治疗涉及许多种类的驯养动物(如狗、猫、马)以及更多的外来物种(如海豚)或小型哺乳动物(如豚鼠),用于改善儿童和成人的身心功能。这篇综述的目的是基于各种动物物种的使用来描述动物辅助治疗的类型:狗、猫、马、驴、羊驼和宽吻海豚。这篇综述还提供了一些关于其他动物物种和类别的有用性的信息,如小型哺乳动物(“袖珍宠物”)、鸟类、鱼类和农场动物。与宠物的接触可能会促进个性、教育和康复的发展,并提高宠物主人的生活质量。这种动物也可能是从事新活动的巨大动力。一只经过适当选择和训练的狗、马或羊驼是治疗师工作的有力支持,有助于建立适当的人与动物关系。
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引用次数: 3
INBREEDING AND ANCESTOR LOSS IN THE POPULATION OF TATRA SHEPHERD DOGS BASED ON THE SEX AND BREEDING SYSTEM 基于性别和繁殖系统的TATRA牧羊犬群体近亲繁殖与祖先丧失
Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.21005/ASP.2020.19.2.06
Edyta Sweklej, R. Niedziółka
The aim of the study was to analyse the structure of the population and inbreeding trend taking into account the sex, breeding system. The highest number of kennels, that was, 40 were registered in the Lesser Poland voivodeship, in the region of Podhale, which corresponded to 33.06 % . For a 4-generation population, the inbreeding rate was 6.52 % for male dogs and 6.79 % for female dogs. The highest inbreeding rate was found in a nCH and PL groups consisting of both male and female dogs. The inbreeding rate was significantly higher in 2005–2014, amounting to 6.94 % for male dogs and 8.22 % for female dogs in comparison to the period 1994–2004 when it was 5.87 % and 4.88 % , respectively. An increasing ancestor loss coefficient (AVK) was found, which may result in an increased number of inbred animals. In particular, it referred to female dogs in the nCH, PL, and Z group, whereas a significant increase of AVK was observed in the group of male dogs from foreign kennels. Studies had shown that there was no risk of inbred depression yet; however, the gene pool of the Tatra Shepherd dog breed had become noticeably restricted.
本研究的目的是分析种群结构和近亲繁殖趋势,同时考虑性别和繁殖系统。犬舍数量最多,即有40家登记在波达尔地区的小波兰省,相当于33.06%。在4代群体中,公犬的近亲繁殖率为6.52%,母犬的近亲繁殖率为6.79%。在由雄性和雌性狗组成的nCH和PL组中发现了最高的近亲繁殖率。2005-2004年的近亲繁殖率明显更高,雄犬为6.94%,雌犬为8.22%,而1994-2004年分别为5.87%和4.88%。发现祖先损失系数(AVK)不断增加,这可能导致近交系动物数量增加。特别是,它涉及nCH、PL和Z组的母犬,而在外国犬舍的公犬组中观察到AVK显著增加。研究表明,目前还没有患近亲繁殖抑郁症的风险;然而,塔特拉牧羊犬品种的基因库已经明显受到限制。
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引用次数: 0
A STUDY OF THE SEX RATIO OF NEWBORN FARMED AMERICAN MINKS (NEOVISON VISON) INFLUENCED BY MATING TERM AND DURATION OF PREGNANCY OF FEMALES 交配期和雌性妊娠期对美国养殖水貂(neovison vison)幼崽性别比影响的研究
Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2020.19.1.02
L. Felska-Błaszczyk, B. Seremak, Natalia Ławrów
The aim of the study was to analyze the sex ratio of the American mink ( Neovison vison) kits, in relation to a range of factors. The observations were carried out on yearling females of two color varieties, Perl (P) and White Hedlund (WH). The sex of the kits was identified at age of approx. 30 days, and only complete (zero-mortality) litters were selected in this study. The sex ratio of the cubs in the litters was compared to the length of pregnancy they were born from, the date of the first mating, and the interval between the first and the subsequent mating. Along with a longer pregnancy, a later date of mating and a longer interval between the first and subsequent mating, the number of born females in relation to born males increases.
本研究的目的是分析美国水貂(Neovison-vison)试剂盒的性别比与一系列因素的关系。对两个颜色品种Perl(P)和White Hedlund(WH)的一岁雌性进行了观察。试剂盒的性别是在大约30天大时确定的,在本研究中只选择了完整(零死亡率)的窝仔。将同窝幼崽的性别比与它们出生的妊娠期、第一次交配的日期以及第一次和随后交配之间的间隔进行比较。随着怀孕时间的延长、交配日期的推迟以及第一次和第二次交配之间的间隔时间的延长,出生的雌性数量相对于出生的雄性数量有所增加。
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引用次数: 0
EFFECTIVENESS OF USING DIETS CONTAINING YELLOW LUPINE CULTIVAR MISTER IN GROWING PIGS 黄羽扇豆品种饲粮在生长猪饲粮中的应用效果
Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2020.19.1.04
A. Janocha, A. Milczarek, Marcin Lipka
The paper aimed at evaluating the effect of yellow lupine used in feed rations for growing pigs on the animals’ growth parameters and slaughter value. The experiment involved 40 pigs [(PLW×PL)×Duroc] which were divided into 2 groups: control (C) and experimental (E). The sole source of protein in rations fed to the control pigs was soybean meal, whereas rations for the experimental pigs contained respectively 10, 15 and 20% of lupine in the corresponding periods: grower, fattener I and II. The inclusion of lupine in feed rations for weaner pigs and fatteners during period I did not affect the production performance, whereas for fatteners during period II it did increase (P ≤ 0.05) daily weight gain values. Slaughter value was similar for the compared groups of pigs (P > 0.05). To sum up, an inclusion of 10, 15 and 20% lupine in feed rations for pigs can be recommended due to a significant increase in the final body weight and simultaneously increased feed conversion effectiveness. In addition, the feeding pattern did not affect the muscularity and fattening grade of pigs.
本文旨在评价黄羽扇豆在生长猪饲料中添加对动物生长参数和屠宰价值的影响。试验选用40头猪[(PLW×PL)×Duroc],分为对照组(C)和试验组(E)。对照组饲粮中蛋白质的唯一来源为豆粕,试验组饲粮中羽扇豆氨酸的含量分别为10%、15%和20%,分别为生长猪、育肥猪I和育肥猪II。一期断奶猪和育肥猪饲粮中添加羽扇豆氨酸对生产性能无影响,二期育肥猪饲粮中添加羽扇豆氨酸可提高日增重值(P≤0.05)。各组猪的屠宰值相近(P < 0.05)。综上所述,在猪饲料中添加10%、15%和20%的羽扇豆氨酸可以显著提高猪的最终体重,同时提高饲料转化率。此外,饲喂方式对猪的肌肉量和肥育等级没有影响。
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引用次数: 0
THE GROWTH OF BODY MASS AND LINEAR DEVELOPMENT OF SIMMENTAL HEIFERS OF DIFFERENT CONSTITUTION TYPES IN THE CARPATHIAN PRE-MOUNTAIN REGION 喀尔巴阡山前地区不同体质类型西门塔尔小母牛体质量的生长与线性发育
Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2020.19.1.03
V. Fedak, S. Vovk, Mykhailo Polulikh, A. Shelevach, N. Fedak, Olga Stadnitska
The data about development of Simmental heifers of different constitution types in postnatal ontogenesis in Carpathian region are shown. By the growth of body weight and linear development, animals of high-fermenting type (research group) dominated counterparts of low-fermenting type (control group) by 7–9 % . It should be noted also, that animals in the control and experimental groups in postnatal ontogenesis were developed harmoniously. For body weight at 6, 12 and 18 months of age heifers of research group prevailed control counterparts respectively by 7.5; 8.5 and 5.7 % .
本文报道了喀尔巴阡地区不同体型西门塔尔小母牛出生后个体发育的数据。通过体重的增长和线性发育,高发酵型动物(研究组)以7-9%的优势领先于低发酵型(对照组)。还应注意的是,对照组和实验组的动物在出生后个体发生中发育和谐。研究组6月龄、12月龄和18月龄小母牛的体重分别比对照组高7.5;8.5%和5.7%。
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引用次数: 0
CANINE DEGENERATIVE MYELOPATHY – PATHOGENESIS, CURRENT DIAGNOSTICS POSSIBILITIES AND BREEDING IMPLICATIONS REGARDING GENETIC TESTING 犬退行性脊髓病的发病机制、目前诊断的可能性和基因检测对育种的影响
Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2020.19.1.01
K. Fiszdon, J. Gruszczyńska, K. Siewruk
Canine Degenerative Myelopathy (CDM) is an incurable, chronic, slow progressive, autoimmune disease of the canine spinal cord affecting older dogs, medium to large breeds. Etiopathogenesis is still unknown but the latest data show that mutation of superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1) is known to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in humans. That is why CDM is a canine model of ALS. The initial clinical sings of spinal cord dysfunction (ataxia, spastic paresis, paraplegia) are commonly mistaken with other common problems (hip dysplasia or intervertebral disc disease). The antemortem diagnosis requires exclusion of them all but definitive confirmation of CDM requires pathologic examination of spinal cord tissue. There is no treatment available but novel therapies are promising. The DNA test is a commercially available tool to help breeders avoid producing CDM “at risk” offspring what significantly reduces the frequency of mutated alleles in future generations.
犬退行性脊髓病(CDM)是一种无法治愈的、慢性的、缓慢进行的犬脊髓自身免疫性疾病,影响中大型犬。病因尚不清楚,但最新数据显示,超氧化物歧化酶1基因(SOD1)的突变已知会导致人类肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)。这就是为什么CDM是ALS的犬模型。脊髓功能障碍(共济失调、痉挛性麻痹、截瘫)的最初临床症状通常被误认为是其他常见问题(髋关节发育不良或椎间盘疾病)。尸检诊断需要排除所有病例,但CDM的最终确认需要对脊髓组织进行病理检查。目前还没有可用的治疗方法,但新的治疗方法很有希望。DNA测试是一种商业上可用的工具,可以帮助育种者避免产生CDM“风险”后代,从而显著降低后代突变等位基因的频率。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of feeding models in cows during dry period and their effect on the incidence of perinatal diseases as well as on reproductive and productive traits 奶牛干期饲喂模式的比较及其对围产期疾病发病率和繁殖生产性状的影响
Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2019.18.4.05
A. Janocha, A. Milczarek, Katarzyna Kryszak, D. Nowak
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引用次数: 0
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MONITORING METHODS IN THE ASPECT OF THE POPULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE BROWN BEAR (URSUS ARCTOS) 棕熊种群分布监测方法有效性评价
Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2019.18.4.01
Katarzyna Wielgórska, J. Gruszczyńska
Population monitoring is a key element in research in the field of animal ecology and nature conservation. Proper coordination of the monitoring program is necessary, especially in the case of species which are difficult to observe due to their biology and ecology, such as the brown bear ( Ursus arctos ). This paper discusses several monitoring methods, such as surveys, counting females with cubs, monitoring of dens, tagging and telemetry of individuals, use of camera traps, monitoring of damages caused by bears, mortality monitoring and genetic testing. The combination of several methods, depending on the geographic and economic conditions of the country, allows for their appropriate selection, so that the results obtained are as accurate as possible. In case of the brown bear, monitoring of the population should employ different, complementary methods
种群监测是动物生态学和自然保护领域研究的重要内容。监测计划的适当协调是必要的,特别是在由于其生物学和生态学而难以观察的物种的情况下,例如棕熊(熊)。本文讨论了几种监测方法,如调查、统计带幼崽的母熊、监测洞穴、标记和遥测个体、使用相机陷阱、监测熊造成的损害、监测死亡率和基因检测。根据国家的地理和经济条件,将几种方法结合起来,可以进行适当的选择,从而使所获得的结果尽可能准确。就棕熊而言,对种群的监测应采用不同的互补方法
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引用次数: 1
Effect of restricted pollen supply to colonies on the quality of reared queen bees 限制蜂群花粉供应对饲养蜂王品质的影响
Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2019.18.3.04
B. Chuda-Mickiewicz, J. Samborski
The quality of queens reared in colonies with restricted (RP) and not restricted pollen supply (NRP) was evaluated during foraging on false acacia and small-leaved and broad-leaved lime. It was shown that the body weight of queens in both groups immediately after emergence and on the day of instrumental insemination did not differ significantly (221.8 ± 15 and 224.3 ± 15 and 170.9 ± 15 and 177.5 ± 14 mg, respectively). The waiting time to start oviposition was similar: 4.7 ± 1.8 days in RP group and 5.7 ± 2.8 days in NRP group, not being significantly different. There were no significant differences in the diameter and volume of spermatheca and the number of ovarioles in the right ovary between the queens of the tested groups.
在假金合欢和小叶阔叶石灰上采食期间,对限制花粉供应(RP)和不限制花粉供应的群体中饲养的蜂王的质量进行了评估。研究表明,两组蜂王在羽化后立即和工具受精当天的体重没有显著差异(分别为221.8±15和224.3±15以及170.9±15和177.5±14 mg)。开始产卵的等待时间相似:RP组为4.7±1.8天,NRP组为5.7±2.8天,没有显著差异。受试组的皇后在受精囊的直径和体积以及右侧卵巢中的卵巢管数量方面没有显著差异。
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引用次数: 2
Identification of c.*1232g>a polymorphism in the MSTN gene in meat sheep breeds in Poland 波兰肉羊品种MSTN基因c.*1232g>a多态性的鉴定
Pub Date : 2019-08-14 DOI: 10.21005/asp.2019.18.2.03
U. Kaczor, Maria Płotkowska, E. Martyniuk
The aim of the study was to identify a potential occurrance of c.*1232G>A polymorphism in the 3 (cid:48) –UTR region of the myostatin gene ( MSTN ) in sheep of meat breeds: Pomeranian sheep, Suffolk and Berrichon du Cher. The populations of Suffolk and Berrichon du Cher breeds turned out to be monomorphic, whereas in the native Pomeranian sheep, the occurrence of polymorphism in the region of the MSTN gene was demonstrated. The Pomeranian sheep were characterized by a higher frequency of the mutated A allele (0.41), the frequency of genotypes AA and GA was 0.18 and 0.46 respectively. The effect of polymorphism c.*1232G>A on the body weight of ewes on the day of license has not been observed.
本研究的目的是在肉羊品种:波美拉尼亚羊、萨福克羊和Berrichon du Cher羊的肌肉生长抑制素基因(MSTN)的3 (cid:48) -UTR区发现c.*1232G> a多态性。萨福克(Suffolk)和贝里松(Berrichon du Cher)品种的种群被证明是单态的,而在本地波美拉尼亚羊中,MSTN基因区域出现多态性。波美拉尼亚羊a基因型突变频率较高(0.41),AA基因型和GA基因型突变频率分别为0.18和0.46。c.*1232G>A多态性对发证当天母羊体重的影响尚未见报道。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica
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