Exploring literary work means exploring the social condition of the place where the work created. The function of literary work is not only to amuse but also to criticize. Social criticism implies that many authors convey their view and critics toward their society using literary work. Thus, it is essential to study social criticism in particular literary works. This study is aimed at identifying the social condition of the English society when the work published and to reveal how the author presented the social criticism in his work. Library research was used in this study. The approach that applied was genetic structuralism since any attempt to evaluate a literary work should be in the light of its social context and the proper conditions under which it has been produced. Having analyzed She Stoops to Conquer, it was found that in the eighteen century the English society was to absorbed in vanity and affectation. Most people, especially women, put fashion and physical appearance at the most. The author criticized various aspects of life, including lifestyle, social class and family relationship. The author presented his social criticism through the dialogue and attitude of the characters of the play.
{"title":"Social criticism in Oliver Goldsmith’s She Stoops to Conquer","authors":"Multazam Abubakar, Muthi'ah Muthi'ah, Annisa Shofa Tsuraya","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.52804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.52804","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring literary work means exploring the social condition of the place where the work created. The function of literary work is not only to amuse but also to criticize. Social criticism implies that many authors convey their view and critics toward their society using literary work. Thus, it is essential to study social criticism in particular literary works. This study is aimed at identifying the social condition of the English society when the work published and to reveal how the author presented the social criticism in his work. Library research was used in this study. The approach that applied was genetic structuralism since any attempt to evaluate a literary work should be in the light of its social context and the proper conditions under which it has been produced. Having analyzed She Stoops to Conquer, it was found that in the eighteen century the English society was to absorbed in vanity and affectation. Most people, especially women, put fashion and physical appearance at the most. The author criticized various aspects of life, including lifestyle, social class and family relationship. The author presented his social criticism through the dialogue and attitude of the characters of the play.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91289095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50485
Jonathan Irene Sartika Dewi Max
Pop songs are now an important means of expression for the modern generation. Academicians must consider this phenomenon as the object of language studies. This research attempts to analyze three songs in a Grammy-winning album of 2021, Folklore. Song lyrics in Betty, Cardigan, and August, written by Taylor Swift have the quality of narrative poetry (ballads) for having the characteristics of storytelling voiced by a different speaker in each song. The purpose of this research is to show how the varying amounts of transitivity process types in each lyric suggest different perspectives on reality. It uses a stylistic approach to expose the linguistic features that allow the speakers to portray diverse perspectives after going through a difficult relationship. As he apologizes to his partner, the speaker in Betty uses material process significantly to reconstruct the outer experiences. In Cardigan, the speaker emphasizes mental processes, incorporating her personal experience into her knowledge and memory. However, in August, the speaker uses both material and relational processes in equal proportions as she battles with her status in the relationship. Hence, listeners could identify with the various speakers' individual experiences as expressed in the lyrics.
{"title":"Three speakers’ perspectives on experience in Taylor Swift’s selected lyrics from Folklore album","authors":"Jonathan Irene Sartika Dewi Max","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50485","url":null,"abstract":"Pop songs are now an important means of expression for the modern generation. Academicians must consider this phenomenon as the object of language studies. This research attempts to analyze three songs in a Grammy-winning album of 2021, Folklore. Song lyrics in Betty, Cardigan, and August, written by Taylor Swift have the quality of narrative poetry (ballads) for having the characteristics of storytelling voiced by a different speaker in each song. The purpose of this research is to show how the varying amounts of transitivity process types in each lyric suggest different perspectives on reality. It uses a stylistic approach to expose the linguistic features that allow the speakers to portray diverse perspectives after going through a difficult relationship. As he apologizes to his partner, the speaker in Betty uses material process significantly to reconstruct the outer experiences. In Cardigan, the speaker emphasizes mental processes, incorporating her personal experience into her knowledge and memory. However, in August, the speaker uses both material and relational processes in equal proportions as she battles with her status in the relationship. Hence, listeners could identify with the various speakers' individual experiences as expressed in the lyrics.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77555975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.53318
Malesela Eddie Montle
This paper has probed into stereotypical attitudes towards Afrocentric underpinnings of beauty through Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut. The genesis of these stereotypes against African beauty could be traced from the colonisation of the African continent. It is the interface between Africa and the West that engendered a shift of identities, which resulted in many Afrocentric depictions assimilated d by Western influence. Despite the decolonisation attempts, the Eurocentric notions that had defined Africa during the colonial period persist in galvanising stereotypes that marginalise Africans, especially those that embrace Afrocentric ideas of beauty in the post-colonial age. Today, Africa is besieged with remnants of colonialism, which include Eurocentric ideals of beauty. This paper employed the qualitative method to scrutinise the stereotypes against Afrocentric beauty through the literary criticism of Matlwa’s novel, Coconut. It is undergirded by the theory of Afrocentricity, which has been utilised as a lens to crystalise the indigenous African identities and their relevance today. It finds that these Eurocentric notions have navigated through the peripheries of post-colonial Africa and influenced societal reactions, attitudes and perceptions of beauty. This is reflected in Matlwa’s Coconut where African beauty is stigmatised and disparaged whereas Eurocentric ideals of beauty are exalted.
{"title":"Scrutinising Eurocentric stereotypes against Afrocentric underpinnings of beauty through Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut","authors":"Malesela Eddie Montle","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.53318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.53318","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has probed into stereotypical attitudes towards Afrocentric underpinnings of beauty through Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut. The genesis of these stereotypes against African beauty could be traced from the colonisation of the African continent. It is the interface between Africa and the West that engendered a shift of identities, which resulted in many Afrocentric depictions assimilated d by Western influence. Despite the decolonisation attempts, the Eurocentric notions that had defined Africa during the colonial period persist in galvanising stereotypes that marginalise Africans, especially those that embrace Afrocentric ideas of beauty in the post-colonial age. Today, Africa is besieged with remnants of colonialism, which include Eurocentric ideals of beauty. This paper employed the qualitative method to scrutinise the stereotypes against Afrocentric beauty through the literary criticism of Matlwa’s novel, Coconut. It is undergirded by the theory of Afrocentricity, which has been utilised as a lens to crystalise the indigenous African identities and their relevance today. It finds that these Eurocentric notions have navigated through the peripheries of post-colonial Africa and influenced societal reactions, attitudes and perceptions of beauty. This is reflected in Matlwa’s Coconut where African beauty is stigmatised and disparaged whereas Eurocentric ideals of beauty are exalted.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79900878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-29DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50774
Wahyu Lucky Abiet, Yeny Prastiwi
This article aims to empower woman to fight sexual harassment in workplace as seen in how characters of the film find out what steps were taken in the Bombshell movie (2019) in fighting sexual harassment by Roger Ailes, the CEO of FOX News that based on actual event that happened on 2006. To reach the aim of the study, the author uses qualitative method, and uses the liberal feminism theory of Tong (2009). The data sources were taken from the movie itself and several previous article that have been published between 2011 - 2021 which have been selected according to the topic discussed. The results of this research are, there are several ways shown by some of the characters from this film in fighting sexual harassment, in physical resistance, Gretchen shows it by the way she dares to report the lewd acts committed by Roger Ailes to the authorities. Meanwhile, the fight against verbal sexual harassment is shown by Megyn Kelly's character who firmly opposes the oppression of women which done by Trump, when he is present on her talk show, and the second is shown through Megyn Kelly's dexterity in motivating victims to get up and speak up about Roger Ailes' bad habits.
{"title":"Against sexual harassment in workplace as seen in Bombshell movie (2019)","authors":"Wahyu Lucky Abiet, Yeny Prastiwi","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v11i1.50774","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to empower woman to fight sexual harassment in workplace as seen in how characters of the film find out what steps were taken in the Bombshell movie (2019) in fighting sexual harassment by Roger Ailes, the CEO of FOX News that based on actual event that happened on 2006. To reach the aim of the study, the author uses qualitative method, and uses the liberal feminism theory of Tong (2009). The data sources were taken from the movie itself and several previous article that have been published between 2011 - 2021 which have been selected according to the topic discussed. The results of this research are, there are several ways shown by some of the characters from this film in fighting sexual harassment, in physical resistance, Gretchen shows it by the way she dares to report the lewd acts committed by Roger Ailes to the authorities. Meanwhile, the fight against verbal sexual harassment is shown by Megyn Kelly's character who firmly opposes the oppression of women which done by Trump, when he is present on her talk show, and the second is shown through Megyn Kelly's dexterity in motivating victims to get up and speak up about Roger Ailes' bad habits.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"12 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82941155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.48647
S. Fathonah, Achmad Dicky Romadhan
Bulungan Language as one of the langugaes in North Kalimantan Province has scattered speakers in 8 sub-districts. As language with scattered speakers made Bulungan Language get less attention from language researcher dan linguist to describe it thoroughly. Bulungan language has active voice and passive voice as part of its grammar which has not been studied furtherly yet. Then, the rseracher take this chance to discuss active voice and passive voice in the Bulungan language in this study. This research employed qualitative descriptive research. The data used in this study was oral data directly taken from the native Bulungan speakers. The data collection technique used in this study was by listening technique and the note-taking technique. This study revealed that the active and passive voice of the Bulungan language had different markers but same passive voice property across languages.
{"title":"Active and passive voice in Bulungan Language","authors":"S. Fathonah, Achmad Dicky Romadhan","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.48647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.48647","url":null,"abstract":"Bulungan Language as one of the langugaes in North Kalimantan Province has scattered speakers in 8 sub-districts. As language with scattered speakers made Bulungan Language get less attention from language researcher dan linguist to describe it thoroughly. Bulungan language has active voice and passive voice as part of its grammar which has not been studied furtherly yet. Then, the rseracher take this chance to discuss active voice and passive voice in the Bulungan language in this study. This research employed qualitative descriptive research. The data used in this study was oral data directly taken from the native Bulungan speakers. The data collection technique used in this study was by listening technique and the note-taking technique. This study revealed that the active and passive voice of the Bulungan language had different markers but same passive voice property across languages.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"494 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85611117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.49207
Fitrahayunitisna Fitrahayunitisna, A. Rohman, I. K. Astawan
Ken Dedes is a figure who is remembered by the East Java community through myth and folklore. The myth of Ken Dedes is related to her figure as the primary woman who keeps the secret of radiant beauty, intelligence, and the mother who gave birth to the kings of Java. This study aims to find the reflection of people's memories about Ken Dedes and to find the cult of the mother from her figure. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with anthropological and psychological approaches. The results of the study show that Ken Dedes is remembered and reflected in the views of the people of East Java. From this reflection, the memory of Ken Dedes' serves as a projection or wishful thinking, an education tool, and a way of justification. In addition, in the context of the patriarchal society of East Java, Ken Dedes is a form of mother cult. In conclusion, the memory and reflection of Ken Dedes in East Javanese society have different variants based on the category of young and adult or old age. Meanwhile, the cult of the mother of a patriarchal society is legitimacy of throne.
Ken Dedes是一个被东爪哇社区通过神话和民间传说所记住的人物。肯·戴德斯的神话与她的形象有关，她是保守着光芒四射的美丽和智慧秘密的首要女性，也是爪哇国王的母亲。本研究旨在寻找人们对Ken Dedes记忆的反映，并从她的形象中寻找对母亲的崇拜。本研究采用描述性定性方法，结合人类学和心理学方法。研究结果表明，肯·德迪斯被东爪哇人民记住，并反映在他们的观点中。从这种反思中，肯·德兹的记忆成为一种投射或一厢情愿的想法，一种教育工具，一种正当化的方式。此外，在东爪哇父权社会的背景下，肯·德迪斯是一种母亲崇拜的形式。综上所述，东爪哇社会对Ken Dedes的记忆和反思，根据青年和成年或老年的类别，有不同的变体。同时，父权社会对母亲的崇拜是王位的合法性。
{"title":"The myth of Ken Dedes in the mother cult of East Javanese society","authors":"Fitrahayunitisna Fitrahayunitisna, A. Rohman, I. K. Astawan","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.49207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.49207","url":null,"abstract":"Ken Dedes is a figure who is remembered by the East Java community through myth and folklore. The myth of Ken Dedes is related to her figure as the primary woman who keeps the secret of radiant beauty, intelligence, and the mother who gave birth to the kings of Java. This study aims to find the reflection of people's memories about Ken Dedes and to find the cult of the mother from her figure. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with anthropological and psychological approaches. The results of the study show that Ken Dedes is remembered and reflected in the views of the people of East Java. From this reflection, the memory of Ken Dedes' serves as a projection or wishful thinking, an education tool, and a way of justification. In addition, in the context of the patriarchal society of East Java, Ken Dedes is a form of mother cult. In conclusion, the memory and reflection of Ken Dedes in East Javanese society have different variants based on the category of young and adult or old age. Meanwhile, the cult of the mother of a patriarchal society is legitimacy of throne.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87265111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-29DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47239
O. G. Oluwasuji
Escapism can mean different things to diverse sets of people in various fields of study. To some people, it can mean escape to reality, while some can denote it as an escape to entertainment or distraction from boredom. Escapism in this paper takes a different turn and adopts the term to identify how different decisions can be influenced in any socio-cultural setting. Using South Western Nigeria as a case study, this paper questions the possible interpretations of escapism and the extent to which leaders, especially, identify with them. This paper uses Ahmed Yerima's Sacred Mutters and Iyase to explore the issue of misinterpretation and human machination to escape punishment from the gods. "Sacred Mutters" and "Iyase" highlight leaders' plight before their ascension into power, and the issue of human carelessness, and how he or she is misguided by his or her own intellectual and spiritual interests. The paper argues that modernization and Westernisation had crippled most of the significant and core aspects of African norms, values, and traditions. This degradation has affected the criminal justice system of the people. Against this background, the paper adopts Olawole Famule's connective cultural theory to explore escapism, misinterpretation, and machination in Nigerian discourse. The paper concludes that escapism is the main cause of corruption in the socio-political landscape of Nigeria and calls for a return to traditional African system.
{"title":"Who is afraid of the Gods? Rethinking escapism in Nigerian dramatic literature","authors":"O. G. Oluwasuji","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47239","url":null,"abstract":"Escapism can mean different things to diverse sets of people in various fields of study. To some people, it can mean escape to reality, while some can denote it as an escape to entertainment or distraction from boredom. Escapism in this paper takes a different turn and adopts the term to identify how different decisions can be influenced in any socio-cultural setting. Using South Western Nigeria as a case study, this paper questions the possible interpretations of escapism and the extent to which leaders, especially, identify with them. This paper uses Ahmed Yerima's Sacred Mutters and Iyase to explore the issue of misinterpretation and human machination to escape punishment from the gods. \"Sacred Mutters\" and \"Iyase\" highlight leaders' plight before their ascension into power, and the issue of human carelessness, and how he or she is misguided by his or her own intellectual and spiritual interests. The paper argues that modernization and Westernisation had crippled most of the significant and core aspects of African norms, values, and traditions. This degradation has affected the criminal justice system of the people. Against this background, the paper adopts Olawole Famule's connective cultural theory to explore escapism, misinterpretation, and machination in Nigerian discourse. The paper concludes that escapism is the main cause of corruption in the socio-political landscape of Nigeria and calls for a return to traditional African system.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"40 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83134423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47963
Christina Christina
Sugiharti Halim (2008) provides a cinematic insight into the lives of Chinese Indonesians whose identities are perpetually labeled as liyan (other) in the eyes of the inlanders (pribumi). It narrates the story of Sugiharti Halim, a Chinese Indonesian girl, who struggles with her Indonesian sounding name which, instead of successfully assimilating her Chinese identity, makes her even more Chinese than before. This study aims to investigate the cinematic portrayal of Chinese Indonesian’s ambiguous identity as experienced by the female protagonist. The writer employs close textual analysis of the indie film and approaches the issue by the reading of cinematic codes (mise en scene) and the theoretical perspective of name giving developed by Watzlawik in 2016. The conflict highlited in this “indie” criticizes the position of Chinese filmmaker for being pigeoholed on the ground of their ethnicity as portrayed in most commercial films which put Chinese more as a marginalized group. Therefore, the study reveals that films have become a new means of politicizing the interest of certain ethnic group which somehow puts the Chinese Indonesians in their most vulnerable position. The study also concludes that independent films help the young Chinese filmmakers to reconnect with their Chinese heritage as they begin to pick up bits of their Chineseness which were previously miscontrued by the inherited ideals of the New Order regime.
Sugiharti Halim(2008)以电影的视角审视了印尼华人的生活，他们的身份在内地人(pribumi)的眼中永远被贴上了“他者”(liyan)的标签。这部电影讲述了印尼华裔女孩苏吉哈蒂·哈利姆的故事，她与自己的印尼名字作斗争，这个名字非但没有成功地同化她的中国身份，反而让她比以前更像中国人。本研究旨在探讨华裔印尼人在电影中对女性主角所经历的模糊身份的刻画。作者对独立电影进行了深入的文本分析，并通过阅读电影代码(mise en scene)和瓦茨拉维克(Watzlawik)于2016年提出的命名理论视角来探讨这一问题。这部“独立电影”中强调的冲突批评了中国电影人的立场，因为他们在大多数商业电影中被描绘成一个被边缘化的群体。因此，研究表明，电影已经成为将某些族群的利益政治化的新手段，这在某种程度上使印尼华人处于最弱势的地位。该研究还得出结论，独立电影帮助年轻的中国电影人重新与他们的中国传统联系起来，因为他们开始拾起之前被继承的新秩序政权的理想所误解的中国性。
{"title":"Sugiharti Halim (2008): A Cinematic Portrayal of Chinese Indonesian's Ambiguous Identity","authors":"Christina Christina","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.47963","url":null,"abstract":"Sugiharti Halim (2008) provides a cinematic insight into the lives of Chinese Indonesians whose identities are perpetually labeled as liyan (other) in the eyes of the inlanders (pribumi). It narrates the story of Sugiharti Halim, a Chinese Indonesian girl, who struggles with her Indonesian sounding name which, instead of successfully assimilating her Chinese identity, makes her even more Chinese than before. This study aims to investigate the cinematic portrayal of Chinese Indonesian’s ambiguous identity as experienced by the female protagonist. The writer employs close textual analysis of the indie film and approaches the issue by the reading of cinematic codes (mise en scene) and the theoretical perspective of name giving developed by Watzlawik in 2016. The conflict highlited in this “indie” criticizes the position of Chinese filmmaker for being pigeoholed on the ground of their ethnicity as portrayed in most commercial films which put Chinese more as a marginalized group. Therefore, the study reveals that films have become a new means of politicizing the interest of certain ethnic group which somehow puts the Chinese Indonesians in their most vulnerable position. The study also concludes that independent films help the young Chinese filmmakers to reconnect with their Chinese heritage as they begin to pick up bits of their Chineseness which were previously miscontrued by the inherited ideals of the New Order regime.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84074630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.45103
Angga Brian Fernandi, R. Haryanti
Nervous Conditions focuses on the story of the Shona family living in a patriarchal culture in Rhodesia during the postcolonial era in the 1960s. Rhodesia was a former British colony, so the legacy of colonialism and its influence is not that easy to go away. Hence, those who were colonized, or the locals experience many problems to cope with, especially women. Therefore, the study aims to examine the postcolonial issues in the novel dealing with double colonization. The objectives of the study were to describe and explain how the novel builds the themes related to postcolonialism and how the women living in patriarchy experienced oppression from male relatives as well as a colonial power. The study was done qualitatively using a content analysis method. The data were analyzed using Edward Said’s theory of Orientalism. The findings showed the story highlighted the themes of patriarchy and cultural contestation which affect the lives of the female characters. Then, the findings explained how the female characters were oppressed traditionally and colonially. Therefore, it showed how women were doubly colonized by males and Western domination. Thus, they had not been able to get full authority since they were trapped between both.
{"title":"Double colonization of Rhodesian women in Tsitsi Dangarembga’s 'Nervous Conditions'","authors":"Angga Brian Fernandi, R. Haryanti","doi":"10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.45103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.45103","url":null,"abstract":"Nervous Conditions focuses on the story of the Shona family living in a patriarchal culture in Rhodesia during the postcolonial era in the 1960s. Rhodesia was a former British colony, so the legacy of colonialism and its influence is not that easy to go away. Hence, those who were colonized, or the locals experience many problems to cope with, especially women. Therefore, the study aims to examine the postcolonial issues in the novel dealing with double colonization. The objectives of the study were to describe and explain how the novel builds the themes related to postcolonialism and how the women living in patriarchy experienced oppression from male relatives as well as a colonial power. The study was done qualitatively using a content analysis method. The data were analyzed using Edward Said’s theory of Orientalism. The findings showed the story highlighted the themes of patriarchy and cultural contestation which affect the lives of the female characters. Then, the findings explained how the female characters were oppressed traditionally and colonially. Therefore, it showed how women were doubly colonized by males and Western domination. Thus, they had not been able to get full authority since they were trapped between both.","PeriodicalId":30933,"journal":{"name":"Rainbow Journal of Literature Linguistics and Culture","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82180266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v10i2.46906
Tifanny Tanuwijaya
In the novel Every Day by David Levithan, there exists a profound discussion about body through its protagonist A’s life, its plot, dialogues, and events that unfold. This paper uses qualitative textual analysis as its methods in order to obtain relevant data to be further analyzed using the theoretical framework from Stuart Hall (theory of representation (2013)) and Chris Shilling (The Body and Social Theory (2003)). Through the indexical signs from the text, there are discussions of how the body is represented, which are as something superficial, as a mask, and as something temporary. Through the analysis of the social body, it is also found that the body has become a social asset in which it could also contribute to one’s self-identity, creating the body as a project that one could work on throughout one’s life. Consequently, the metaphor of body as a machine appears, as well as the revelation that there is also a close relation between death and the body. Through death, the social body is reduced into individual body, where the living often avoids the dead, fearing subconsciously of their own. These aspects could be observed from A’s life and Rhiannon’s response towards it.
在大卫·利维坦的小说《每一天》中，通过主人公的生活、情节、对话和发生的事件，对身体进行了深刻的讨论。本文采用定性文本分析的方法，以获取相关数据，并在Stuart Hall (theory of representation, 2013)和Chris Shilling (the Body and Social theory, 2003)的理论框架下进行进一步分析。通过文本中的索引符号，讨论了身体是如何被呈现的，它是肤浅的，是面具，是暂时的。通过对社会身体的分析，也发现身体已经成为一种社会资产，它也可以为一个人的自我认同做出贡献，使身体成为一个人一生都可以从事的项目。因此，身体作为机器的隐喻出现了，也揭示了死亡与身体之间的密切关系。通过死亡，社会体被缩减为个体体，生者往往避开死者，潜意识里害怕自己。这些方面都可以从a 的生活和rhiannon对生活的反应中观察到。
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