Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)171
A. Bhingardeo, Mrudula Chandrupatla
Variations and Communications between the branches of different cords is not uncommon. Martin Gruber anastomosis, Berretini anastomosis and Cannieu and Riché anastomosis are few examples of such nerve communications. During routine anatomy dissection of axilla, in a 65 years old female cadaver, we found absence of musculocutaneous nerve in left upper limb. It was found that all the muscles of front of arm were supplied by median nerve on this side. When compared on the right side, there was one communication between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve. This communicating branch was 75 mm long. All the muscles of anterior compartment of arm were supplied by MCN and the nerve continued afterwards as lateral cutaneous nerve of arm. The knowledge of such variations helps us in neurosurgeries like surgery for Neurofibromatosis. Orthopedic, general surgeons and neurosurgeons must consider the possibility of such variations in the surgery of arm and elbow. Surgeons who perform neurotization procedures of the musculocutaneous nerve to restore elbow flexion should be aware of these anatomical variations Cutting of such communicating branch can lead to altered mobility of limb.
{"title":"Unilateral Absence and Contralateral Communication Between Musculocutaneous and Median Nerve and Its Clinical Significance","authors":"A. Bhingardeo, Mrudula Chandrupatla","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)171","url":null,"abstract":"Variations and Communications between the branches of different cords is not uncommon. Martin Gruber anastomosis, Berretini anastomosis and Cannieu and Riché anastomosis are few examples of such nerve communications. During routine anatomy dissection of axilla, in a 65 years old female cadaver, we found absence of musculocutaneous nerve in left upper limb. It was found that all the muscles of front of arm were supplied by median nerve on this side. When compared on the right side, there was one communication between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve. This communicating branch was 75 mm long. All the muscles of anterior compartment of arm were supplied by MCN and the nerve continued afterwards as lateral cutaneous nerve of arm. The knowledge of such variations helps us in neurosurgeries like surgery for Neurofibromatosis. Orthopedic, general surgeons and neurosurgeons must consider the possibility of such variations in the surgery of arm and elbow. Surgeons who perform neurotization procedures of the musculocutaneous nerve to restore elbow flexion should be aware of these anatomical variations Cutting of such communicating branch can lead to altered mobility of limb.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123570841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)169
Lilach Soreq
Aging is common to all living organisms including human. Very few studies so far focused on RNA expression changes in the human brain upon aging. In particular, I have analysed neuronal and glial cell type marker genes for differential expression based on exon microarray data from overall 1,234 postmortem individual brain samples (ages 16 to over 100) and 10 brain regions. I also quantified neurons and oligodendrocytes using high resolution imaging and machine learning analyses. My study yielded insights into cell type specific gene expression changes in aging in the human brain.
{"title":"Gene Expression Changes in the Human Brain Upon Aging","authors":"Lilach Soreq","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(5)169","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is common to all living organisms including human. Very few studies so far focused on RNA expression changes in the human brain upon aging. In particular, I have analysed neuronal and glial cell type marker genes for differential expression based on exon microarray data from overall 1,234 postmortem individual brain samples (ages 16 to over 100) and 10 brain regions. I also quantified neurons and oligodendrocytes using high resolution imaging and machine learning analyses. My study yielded insights into cell type specific gene expression changes in aging in the human brain.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132076267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)167
S. Ganapathy, Adesh Jagadeesh
Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare cause of spinal compressive, myelopathy. Its presence in the craniovertebral junction is even rarer. The presence of both with reversable myelopathy after surgery makes this a truly rare and fortunate instance of prompt neurosurgical decompression coupled with judicious use of adjuvant therapy to affect the best possible results for the patient. We present our experience in this case mentioned later along with a 10-year review of literature regarding the incidence, distribution and presentation of cervical spinal Ewing’s sarcoma to further demonstrate the rare nature of this remarkable case report.
{"title":"Ewing’s Sarcoma of the Craniovertebral Junction - A Rare Cause of Reversible Quadriplegia. A Case Report with a 10-year Review of Literature","authors":"S. Ganapathy, Adesh Jagadeesh","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)167","url":null,"abstract":"Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare cause of spinal compressive, myelopathy. Its presence in the craniovertebral junction is even rarer. The presence of both with reversable myelopathy after surgery makes this a truly rare and fortunate instance of prompt neurosurgical decompression coupled with judicious use of adjuvant therapy to affect the best possible results for the patient. We present our experience in this case mentioned later along with a 10-year review of literature regarding the incidence, distribution and presentation of cervical spinal Ewing’s sarcoma to further demonstrate the rare nature of this remarkable case report.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116083773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)165
Oscar Solis Salgado, A. B. Olivares
School of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
墨西哥莫雷洛斯州库埃纳瓦卡市莫雷洛斯州自治大学医学院
{"title":"Perivascular or Virchow-Robin Spaces: A Microstructural Approach","authors":"Oscar Solis Salgado, A. B. Olivares","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)165","url":null,"abstract":"School of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127068045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)168
Diana Khedr, S. Alkhashan
Background: Focal seizures related to non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) are rare in clinical practice. Plasma glucose levels are usually above 16.6 mmol/L and with normal or slightly elevated serum osmolality. The occurrence of focal seizures may be augmented by the absence of ketoacidosis. Electroencephalogram (EEG) during seizures usually confirms the diagnosis, however, the absence of epileptiform discharges does not rule out seizures. A non-ketotic hyperglycemiaassociated occipital lobe seizure can manifest itself as color flashes, blurry vision with periodic confusion, and usually resolves with insulin treatment and rehydration. Recently, seizures associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia have been found to be associated with subcortical T2 hypointensity on magnetic resonance imaging, especially in the occipital lobes. However, the mechanism remains unclear, although iron accumulation is suggested. Case Presentation: We present a case 41- year-old male patient who presented headache, left-sided visual disturbances in the form of seeing round, colored flickering lights with left homonymous hemianopia and occipital lobe seizures associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia found to have a blood glucose of 18 mmol/L with a normal anion gap of 10 and calculated serum osmolality of 303 mOsm/L. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed subcortical T2 and flair hypointensity due to iron accumulation .The patient’s visual disturbances and seizures responded to rehydration and insulin treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, nonketotic hyperglycemia can be associated with occipital lobe seizures supporting the role of iron accumulation as a mechanism for subcortical T2 hypointensity in magnetic resonance imaging. Hyperglycemia should be taken into consideration when making an etiologic diagnosis of homonymous hemianopia.
{"title":"Epileptic Manifestations, Pathophysiology and Imaging Characteristics of Non-Ketotic Hyperglycaemia: A Report of One Case with Irreversible Homonomous Hemianopia","authors":"Diana Khedr, S. Alkhashan","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)168","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Focal seizures related to non-ketotic hyperglycemia (NKH) are rare in clinical practice. Plasma glucose levels are usually above 16.6 mmol/L and with normal or slightly elevated serum osmolality. The occurrence of focal seizures may be augmented by the absence of ketoacidosis. Electroencephalogram (EEG) during seizures usually confirms the diagnosis, however, the absence of epileptiform discharges does not rule out seizures. A non-ketotic hyperglycemiaassociated occipital lobe seizure can manifest itself as color flashes, blurry vision with periodic confusion, and usually resolves with insulin treatment and rehydration. Recently, seizures associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia have been found to be associated with subcortical T2 hypointensity on magnetic resonance imaging, especially in the occipital lobes. However, the mechanism remains unclear, although iron accumulation is suggested. Case Presentation: We present a case 41- year-old male patient who presented headache, left-sided visual disturbances in the form of seeing round, colored flickering lights with left homonymous hemianopia and occipital lobe seizures associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia found to have a blood glucose of 18 mmol/L with a normal anion gap of 10 and calculated serum osmolality of 303 mOsm/L. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed subcortical T2 and flair hypointensity due to iron accumulation .The patient’s visual disturbances and seizures responded to rehydration and insulin treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, nonketotic hyperglycemia can be associated with occipital lobe seizures supporting the role of iron accumulation as a mechanism for subcortical T2 hypointensity in magnetic resonance imaging. Hyperglycemia should be taken into consideration when making an etiologic diagnosis of homonymous hemianopia.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124823853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-29DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)166
I. Humaida
The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sexual disorders in diabetics, owing to diabetes constitutes a growing public health problem, leading to a variety of dysfunctions such as cardiovascular, psychological, and sexual dysfunctions, that is why Diabetes is a well-known cause of sexual disorders, with prevalence rates approaching 50% in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but the determinants of sex dysfunction in diabetic men as a result of the principal cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, and also overweight obesity, in addition to metabolic syndrome, smoking, and sedentary lifestyles. Moreover, sexual disorders considered as important predictors of the development of major complaints in diabetic patients, on the other hand, the debate as to whether diabetes link with sexual dysfunction or not, is an issue of controversy, moreover, diabetic women suffer from the same neurovascular complications that contribute to the pathogenesis of SD in men, however, results of sexual functioning of diabetic women are less conclusive. Conclusion: extending beyond the specific effects on sexual dysfunction in men and women with diabetes, the adoption of these measures promotes a healthier life and increased well-being, which in turn, may help to reduce the burden of sexual dysfunction.
{"title":"Impotence and Lack of Sexual Desire, Their Relation to Patients with Diabetes","authors":"I. Humaida","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)166","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sexual disorders in diabetics, owing to diabetes constitutes a growing public health problem, leading to a variety of dysfunctions such as cardiovascular, psychological, and sexual dysfunctions, that is why Diabetes is a well-known cause of sexual disorders, with prevalence rates approaching 50% in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but the determinants of sex dysfunction in diabetic men as a result of the principal cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, and also overweight obesity, in addition to metabolic syndrome, smoking, and sedentary lifestyles. Moreover, sexual disorders considered as important predictors of the development of major complaints in diabetic patients, on the other hand, the debate as to whether diabetes link with sexual dysfunction or not, is an issue of controversy, moreover, diabetic women suffer from the same neurovascular complications that contribute to the pathogenesis of SD in men, however, results of sexual functioning of diabetic women are less conclusive. Conclusion: extending beyond the specific effects on sexual dysfunction in men and women with diabetes, the adoption of these measures promotes a healthier life and increased well-being, which in turn, may help to reduce the burden of sexual dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123605810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)164
A. Ionescu, A. Casarica
In recent years, more and more data has become available about the benefits of green in and around towns and cities. Vegetation helps people to recover faster from illness; this reduces costs of healthcare and improves the patients’ quality of life. This aspect of introducing vegetation in and around hospitals is increasingly becoming a topic of focus in connection with the concept of a ‘healthy environment’. Since the creation of the first people’s parks, urban planners have been aware of the fact that vegetation enhances the quality of life for townspeople. Green areas are places where people can go for recreation and physical exercise or simply to find some peace and quiet. This benefits their health and reduces the stress levels of the average city dweller. A positive correlation exists between the amount of green in a person’s living environment and that person’s sense of safety. In highly urbanized locations, the design of green elements requires special attention. Our paper presents a multidisciplinary study of areas located near the old salt mines and their recovery by entering in the spa and leisure circuit. Specific components were monitored, like the salted waters quality in lakes and/or springs and in the selection of different plant species adapted to high salinity of the soil. According to studies conducted in Europe, the environment plays a crucial role in physical, mental and social development of the population. In recent years, the continuous degradation of environmental quality due to factors such as air pollution, noise, chemical compounds and disappearance of natural areas, in combination with lifestyle changes led to the emergence of a growing number of diseases such as different forms of diabetes, cardiovascular and nervous system disorders and cancer.
{"title":"Emphasizing the Main Factors Involved between the Green Zones Created Near the Natural Salted Lakes or Springs and the Treatment of Some Nervous System Disorders","authors":"A. Ionescu, A. Casarica","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)164","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, more and more data has become available about the benefits of green in and around towns and cities. Vegetation helps people to recover faster from illness; this reduces costs of healthcare and improves the patients’ quality of life. This aspect of introducing vegetation in and around hospitals is increasingly becoming a topic of focus in connection with the concept of a ‘healthy environment’. Since the creation of the first people’s parks, urban planners have been aware of the fact that vegetation enhances the quality of life for townspeople. Green areas are places where people can go for recreation and physical exercise or simply to find some peace and quiet. This benefits their health and reduces the stress levels of the average city dweller. A positive correlation exists between the amount of green in a person’s living environment and that person’s sense of safety. In highly urbanized locations, the design of green elements requires special attention. Our paper presents a multidisciplinary study of areas located near the old salt mines and their recovery by entering in the spa and leisure circuit. Specific components were monitored, like the salted waters quality in lakes and/or springs and in the selection of different plant species adapted to high salinity of the soil. According to studies conducted in Europe, the environment plays a crucial role in physical, mental and social development of the population. In recent years, the continuous degradation of environmental quality due to factors such as air pollution, noise, chemical compounds and disappearance of natural areas, in combination with lifestyle changes led to the emergence of a growing number of diseases such as different forms of diabetes, cardiovascular and nervous system disorders and cancer.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)162
Ornella Raymundo Villalva
Due to the impact of the pandemic, a development of existential crises is observed in the human being that makes him rethink his way of being and being in the world, all these changes, worldwide, have opened a contact with death and finitude of existence. Faced with this, fear of death, doubts about the meaning of life, the perception of restricted freedom are identified and places the human being in contact with his loneliness [1]. It mobilizes the foundations of everything that was taken for granted, everything that was held under control. However, it is known that sooner or later, the human being will find a way to adapt, to have creative adjustments to the new. Gecele and Francesetti stated that in these times (year 2020) many of the certainties, daily habits, routines and ways of living that were guaranteed are dissolving [2]. Both authors invite us to reflect on the “support”, opening questions such as what kind of support is necessary so as not to be dominated by fear? and comment on the dimension of individual insufficiency and the need of the other, as if in moments of in crisis, the person will need another with whom to bond and support himself, like a child who experiences strong pain and fear, looking for loving arms that can give him containment.
{"title":"Temporality, Death in Pandemic and Gestalt Therapy","authors":"Ornella Raymundo Villalva","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)162","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the impact of the pandemic, a development of existential crises is observed in the human being that makes him rethink his way of being and being in the world, all these changes, worldwide, have opened a contact with death and finitude of existence. Faced with this, fear of death, doubts about the meaning of life, the perception of restricted freedom are identified and places the human being in contact with his loneliness [1]. It mobilizes the foundations of everything that was taken for granted, everything that was held under control. However, it is known that sooner or later, the human being will find a way to adapt, to have creative adjustments to the new. Gecele and Francesetti stated that in these times (year 2020) many of the certainties, daily habits, routines and ways of living that were guaranteed are dissolving [2]. Both authors invite us to reflect on the “support”, opening questions such as what kind of support is necessary so as not to be dominated by fear? and comment on the dimension of individual insufficiency and the need of the other, as if in moments of in crisis, the person will need another with whom to bond and support himself, like a child who experiences strong pain and fear, looking for loving arms that can give him containment.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123201980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)159
Sashank Ayalasomayajula, G. Shingade, Yogesh Nene, S. Singha
{"title":"Multicompartmental Giant Functional Pituitary Macroadenoma with Unexplained Refractory Dyselectrolytemias","authors":"Sashank Ayalasomayajula, G. Shingade, Yogesh Nene, S. Singha","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115589355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)160
M. Dib, E. Ampil, Hoo Fan Kee, Y. Krespi, A. A. Mahdawi, S. Ogun, H. Pakdaman, K. Rejdak
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a clinical and economic burden on society. Without new treatment, the impact of AD on society could triple by 2050. Aim: After a brief overview of treatments and challenges of new drug developments for AD, we reviewed the preclinical and clinical development program of NeuroAiD (MLC901, MLC601). Method: A literature search was conducted by using different web sources. The initial screening was based on keywords contained in the subtitles of each corresponding paragraphs of this article. We sorted the reviewed publications by relevance and publication date selecting 74 references out of the 319 initially shortlisted for review. Review: Since 1998, only symptomatic drugs were marketed. Intensive research has continued, aimed at delaying the onset of the disease and/or slowing its progression. However, the predictive value of delaying the onset of AD remains debated. Since 2003, aducanumab is the first new treatment approved and registered by US-FDA as an amyloid beta-directed antibody indicated for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease under post-marketing conditions. Traditional medicines (TM) have shown interesting results, but many of TM clinical studies leave much to be desired from a methodological point of view. Among TM, NeuroAiD (MLC901/601), a botanical-derived combination, acts in a multimodal pathway combining neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties. It has demonstrated sustained symptomatic benefits, slowing the disease progression in AD with a good safety profile. Discussion/Conclusions: The discovery of treatments preventing or slowing down the disease progression, are necessary to get reliable diagnostic tools to confirm AD diagnosis, and follow its evolution and long-term therapy. A growing consensus is emerging on the need for a multi-factorial approach to the treatment and the development of suitable AD drug combinations. Such an approach has been that of TM for a long time. This is the case for NeuroAiD, that it may be integrated safely either after symptomatic treatments have failed or on top of symptomatic treatments.
{"title":"A Review of NeuroAiDTM II (MLC901) Development in Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment: Promises of A Multimodal Pathway","authors":"M. Dib, E. Ampil, Hoo Fan Kee, Y. Krespi, A. A. Mahdawi, S. Ogun, H. Pakdaman, K. Rejdak","doi":"10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a clinical and economic burden on society. Without new treatment, the impact of AD on society could triple by 2050. Aim: After a brief overview of treatments and challenges of new drug developments for AD, we reviewed the preclinical and clinical development program of NeuroAiD (MLC901, MLC601). Method: A literature search was conducted by using different web sources. The initial screening was based on keywords contained in the subtitles of each corresponding paragraphs of this article. We sorted the reviewed publications by relevance and publication date selecting 74 references out of the 319 initially shortlisted for review. Review: Since 1998, only symptomatic drugs were marketed. Intensive research has continued, aimed at delaying the onset of the disease and/or slowing its progression. However, the predictive value of delaying the onset of AD remains debated. Since 2003, aducanumab is the first new treatment approved and registered by US-FDA as an amyloid beta-directed antibody indicated for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease under post-marketing conditions. Traditional medicines (TM) have shown interesting results, but many of TM clinical studies leave much to be desired from a methodological point of view. Among TM, NeuroAiD (MLC901/601), a botanical-derived combination, acts in a multimodal pathway combining neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties. It has demonstrated sustained symptomatic benefits, slowing the disease progression in AD with a good safety profile. Discussion/Conclusions: The discovery of treatments preventing or slowing down the disease progression, are necessary to get reliable diagnostic tools to confirm AD diagnosis, and follow its evolution and long-term therapy. A growing consensus is emerging on the need for a multi-factorial approach to the treatment and the development of suitable AD drug combinations. Such an approach has been that of TM for a long time. This is the case for NeuroAiD, that it may be integrated safely either after symptomatic treatments have failed or on top of symptomatic treatments.","PeriodicalId":309719,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology Research Reviews & Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115474997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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