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2012 Seventh International Conference on Knowledge, Information and Creativity Support Systems最新文献

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Knowledge Systems for User Applications and Education 面向用户应用和教育的知识系统
Ladislav Burita, Ladislav Hagara, V. Ondryhal
Knowledge-based approach and knowledge-based systems were the object of research in MENTAL project in 2008-2011. Team, in addition to meeting the project objectives, focused on the broader context and further application of the knowledge system (KS), which is presented in the article. KS is listed in Data mining, KS support for Linux distributions and KS, created by students in the classroom. The theoretical basis of the KS is Topic Maps and the technology is software ATOM2. A key activity in developing KS is the creation of ontology.
基于知识的方法和基于知识的系统是2008-2011年MENTAL项目的研究对象。团队除了满足项目目标外,还将重点放在文章中介绍的知识系统(KS)的更广泛的背景和进一步的应用上。KS在数据挖掘,KS支持Linux发行版和KS中列出,由学生在课堂上创建。该系统的理论基础是Topic Maps,技术是ATOM2软件。开发KS的一个关键活动是本体的创建。
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引用次数: 2
Towards more Efficient Building Energy Management Systems 迈向更有效的楼宇能源管理系统
Seyed-Alireza Ahmadi, I. Shames, Francesco Scotton, Lirong Huang, H. Sandberg, K. Johansson, B. Wahlberg
As a first step towards developing efficient building energy management techniques, in this paper, we first study the energy consumption patterns of heating, ventilation and cooling (HVAC) systems across the KTH Royal Institute of Technology campus and we identify some possible areas where energy consumption can be made less wasteful. Later, we describe a test-bed where wireless sensor networks are used to collect data and eventually control the HVAC system in a distributed way. We present some of the data, temperature, humidity, and CO2 measurements, that are collected by the aforementioned network and compare them with the measurements collected by the legacy sensors already in place. In the end we present a preliminary result on modelling the dynamics of the temperature, humidity, and CO2 using the data gather by the sensor network. We check the validity of the model via comparing the out put of the system with measured data. As a future work we identify the possibility of using the models obtained here for model based control, and fault detection and isolation techniques.
作为开发高效建筑能源管理技术的第一步,在本文中,我们首先研究了整个KTH皇家理工学院校园的供暖、通风和制冷(HVAC)系统的能源消耗模式,并确定了一些可以减少能源消耗浪费的可能领域。随后,我们描述了一个测试平台,其中无线传感器网络用于收集数据并最终以分布式方式控制HVAC系统。我们展示了由上述网络收集的一些数据、温度、湿度和二氧化碳测量值,并将它们与已有的传统传感器收集的测量值进行比较。最后,我们提出了利用传感器网络收集的数据对温度、湿度和二氧化碳的动态建模的初步结果。通过系统输出与实测数据的比较,验证了模型的有效性。作为未来的工作,我们确定了将这里获得的模型用于基于模型的控制以及故障检测和隔离技术的可能性。
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引用次数: 13
Improvements to Creativity in Singing Abilities Based on Perspective of Studies on Interaction between Speech Production and Auditory Perception 歌唱能力创造力的提高——基于言语产生与听觉感知相互作用研究的视角
M. Unoki, Kazushi Nishimoto
Singing and speaking are important and natural ways in communications for humans to express nonlinguistic and linguistic information. It seems the majority of common people correctly perform and imitate all factors such as pitches and melodies as the same as those achieved by professional singers, while they can correctly vocalize all factors involved in speaking. There is no absolute answer as to why tone deafness is observed in singing. First, this paper introduces existing literature concerning speech production, auditory perception, and auditory-motor integration in tone deafness. Common people with/without tone deafness are regarded as not-yet creative people and creativity mining can support them to find and confirm their potential creativity. This paper reviews creativity in improving singing abilities based on studies of interaction between speech production and auditory perception.
唱歌和说话是人类表达非语言信息和语言信息的重要而自然的交流方式。大多数普通人似乎都能正确地表演和模仿专业歌手所达到的音高和旋律等所有因素,同时他们也能正确地发出说话所涉及的所有因素。对于唱歌中为什么会出现音盲,没有绝对的答案。本文首先介绍了有关声调聋的语音产生、听觉感知和听-运动整合的现有文献。有/没有音聋的普通人被认为是没有创造力的人,创造力挖掘可以帮助他们发现和确认他们潜在的创造力。本文从言语产生与听觉感知相互作用的研究出发,综述了创造力在提高歌唱能力方面的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Development of Video Shooting Assistant System for Better Expression of Affective Information 为更好地表达情感信息而开发的视频拍摄辅助系统
H. Mitarai, A. Yoshitaka
Authoring quality video contents is difficult since proper camerawork and editing are required for delivering nonverbal information which appropriately represents user's expressive intentions. Based on an experiment on non-expert users, we proposed the incremental and interactive shooting model. In this paper, we describe development of the system based on the model which compensates for user's lack of cinematographic knowledge or skills by relating affective information such as atmosphere or mood to shooting method. After selecting a specific type of atmosphere to express as nonverbal information, the system analyzes the shooting image and the camera operation including the camera angle and the zooming speed to assist the user. We integrated the interfaces of the system and downsized it. The experiments for system evaluation has indicated that the system assists the user to reflect user intention on the shot appropriately, therefore the proposed system enables the user to capture shots more appropriately and effectively to help acquire cinematographic knowledge or skills.
制作高质量的视频内容是困难的,因为需要适当的摄影和编辑,以传递非语言信息,适当地代表用户的表达意图。在对非专家用户进行实验的基础上,提出了增量式交互拍摄模型。在本文中,我们描述了基于模型的系统开发,该模型通过将氛围或情绪等情感信息与拍摄方法联系起来,弥补了用户在电影知识或技能方面的不足。在选择特定类型的大气作为非语言信息表达后,系统分析拍摄图像和相机操作,包括相机角度和变焦速度,以辅助用户。我们整合了系统的接口,缩小了它的规模。系统评估实验表明,该系统能够帮助用户在镜头上恰当地反映用户意图,从而使用户能够更恰当、更有效地捕捉镜头,帮助获得电影知识或技能。
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引用次数: 2
Automatic Translation Repair Method for Improving Accuracy of Translated Sentences 提高译文准确性的自动翻译修复方法
T. Fukushima, T. Yoshino
In this study, we have developed an automatic translation repair method to automatically improve the accuracy of translations. Machine translation (MT) supports multilingual communication, however, it cannot achieve high accuracy. MT creates only one translated sentence, therefore, it is difficult to improve the accuracy of translated sentences. Our method creates multiple translations by adding personal pronouns to the source sentence and by using a word dictionary and a parallel corpus. In addition, it selects an accurate translation from among the multiple translations using the results of a Web search. As a result, the automatic translation repair method improved the accuracy of translated sentences, and its accuracy is greater than that of MT.
在本研究中,我们开发了一种自动翻译修复方法来自动提高翻译的准确性。机器翻译(MT)支持多语言交流,但其翻译精度不高。机器翻译只生成一个翻译句子,因此很难提高翻译句子的准确性。我们的方法通过在源句子中添加人称代词以及使用单词字典和并行语料库来创建多个翻译。此外,它使用Web搜索的结果从多个翻译中选择一个准确的翻译。结果表明,自动翻译修复方法提高了翻译句子的准确性,其准确性大于机器翻译。
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引用次数: 0
Divide and Translate Legal Text Sentence by Using Its Logical Structure 利用法律文本句子的逻辑结构对其进行分译
Bui Thanh Hung, Minh Le Nguyen, Akira Shimazu
Translating legal text is generally considered to be difficult because legal text has some characteristics that make it different from other daily-use documents and legal text is usually long and complicated. In order boost the legal text translation quality, splitting an input sentence becomes mandatory. In this paper, we propose a novel method based on the logical structure of legal text sentence for dividing and translating legal text. We use a statistical learning method-Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) with rich linguistic information to recognize the logical structure of legal text sentence. We adapt the logical structure of legal text sentence to divide the sentence. By doing so, translation quality improves. Our experiments show that our approach can achieve better result for both Japanese-English and English-Japanese legal text translation by BLEU, NIST and TER score.
法律文本的翻译通常被认为是困难的,因为法律文本具有与其他日常使用的文件不同的一些特点,而且法律文本通常很长很复杂。为了提高法律文本的翻译质量,必须对输入句子进行拆分。本文提出了一种基于法律文本句子逻辑结构的法律文本分割与翻译新方法。我们使用了一种统计学习方法——具有丰富语言信息的条件随机场(conditional Random Fields, CRFs)来识别法律文本句子的逻辑结构。我们采用法律文本句子的逻辑结构来划分句子。通过这样做,可以提高翻译质量。我们的实验表明,我们的方法可以在BLEU、NIST和TER分数的翻译中获得更好的日英和英日法律文本翻译结果。
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引用次数: 2
Cross-Layer Optimization Using Game Theory to Alleviate Unfairness in Wireless Networks 利用博弈论的跨层优化缓解无线网络中的不公平
R. Gunasekaran, E. Niranjani, S. Suganya, D. Vivekananthan, K. Raja
The IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) does not require the presence of a central controller or access point. It is therefore, the standard protocol used for resolving medium access contention in mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE 802.11 DCF is based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance and Binary Exponential Back off Algorithm (BEBA). BEBA can improve the system throughput but increases the capture effect, permitting one node to seize the channel. This is because BEBA inherently favours the last successful node by providing it a smaller contention window after each successful transmission. This unfairness issue at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer also affects the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layer as it leads to the most active connection dominating the shared channel. We have two types of instability issues that arise -- intraflow and interflow instabilities. In this paper, we take a game theory based approach for solving these instability issues that arise as a result of the capture effect. A modified back off mechanism for the DCF game called Optimized Back off Mechanism (OBM), in which nodes adopt smooth dynamics in changing their channel access probabilities by taking into account the actions of the other nodes in the neighborhood has been proposed. To ensure that no particular node gains undue access to the channel, we design the mechanism so as to achieve Nash equilibrium in the neighborhood. A node which unilaterally increases its channel access probability will eventually be penalized and incur a higher payoff. The mechanism will prevent a particular node or flow from dominating the shared channel in the intraflow and interflow scenarios respectively.
IEEE 802.11分布式协调功能(DCF)不需要中央控制器或接入点的存在。因此,它是用于解决移动自组织网络中介质访问争用的标准协议。IEEE 802.11 DCF基于载波感测多址,具有避碰和二进制指数回退算法(BEBA)。BEBA可以提高系统吞吐量,但增加捕获效果,允许一个节点占用信道。这是因为BEBA在每次成功传输后都会为最后一个成功的节点提供较小的争用窗口,从而有利于最后一个成功的节点。介质访问控制(MAC)层的这种不公平问题也会影响传输控制协议(TCP)层,因为它会导致最活跃的连接支配共享通道。我们有两种类型的不稳定性问题——内部流不稳定性和内部流不稳定性。在本文中,我们采用基于博弈论的方法来解决由于捕获效应而产生的这些不稳定性问题。提出了一种改进的DCF博弈退退机制,即优化退退机制(OBM),其中节点通过考虑邻域内其他节点的动作,采用平滑动态的方式来改变其通道访问概率。为了确保没有特定节点获得对通道的过度访问,我们设计了在邻域内实现纳什均衡的机制。单方面增加通道访问概率的节点最终会受到惩罚,并产生更高的收益。该机制将防止特定节点或流分别在流内和流间场景中主导共享通道。
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引用次数: 3
Region-Based Ranking in Association Analysis for News Relation Discovery 基于区域排序的新闻关联分析
N. Kittiphattanabawon, T. Theeramunkong, E. Nantajeewarawat
Using an association-based technique to find associations among news documents can obtain useful news relations. However, existing works may not detect meaningful relations since only single association measure was used to mine news relations. This paper presents a region-based ranking approach to selectively use different association measures for different ranking regions, towards improvement of the ranking mechanism for news relation discovery. To evaluate region-based ranking, the method is compared to the conventional ranking method, which has no region construction. As performance evaluation, the top-k results of each method are compared using rank-order mismatch (ROM). Compared to the non-region method, the region-based method can find meaningful relations among news with the average ROM improvement of 1.21% - 28.32% for confidence and 4.83% - 29.04% for conviction, respectively.
使用基于关联的技术来查找新闻文档之间的关联,可以获得有用的新闻关系。然而,现有的工作可能没有发现有意义的关系,因为只有单一的关联度量来挖掘新闻关系。本文提出了一种基于区域的排序方法,针对不同的排序区域有选择地使用不同的关联度量,以改进新闻关系发现的排序机制。为了评价基于区域的排序方法,将该方法与不构建区域的传统排序方法进行了比较。作为性能评估,使用秩序不匹配(ROM)对每种方法的top-k结果进行比较。与非区域方法相比,基于区域的方法可以发现新闻之间有意义的关系,置信度和定罪度的平均ROM分别提高了1.21% ~ 28.32%和4.83% ~ 29.04%。
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引用次数: 0
Toward a Computational Model of Creativity: Novel Hypothesis Generation from Structural Knowledge 迈向创造力的计算模型:从结构知识中产生新的假设
S. Hidaka
Creativity, generation of a new idea from past experience and knowledge, is one of fundamental aspects of inferential process making progress in many scientific and non-scientific fields. Children's learning at their early development needs to be creative: by nature, they frequently encounter new situations in which they need to infer about things unfamiliar to them. In the present study, we attempt to review empirical and theoretical studies on creative inference in children's word learning. Two theoretical implications for creative cognition are discussed. A computational model of word learning offers a formal way to analyze the relationship between hypothesis generation and structural prior knowledge, which can potentially explain some aspects of empirical findings on new idea generation.
创造力,即从过去的经验和知识中产生新的想法,是在许多科学和非科学领域取得进展的推理过程的基本方面之一。儿童在早期发展阶段的学习需要创造性:从本质上讲,他们经常遇到新的情况,需要对他们不熟悉的事物进行推断。在本研究中,我们试图回顾创造性推理在儿童词汇学习中的实证和理论研究。本文讨论了创造性认知的两个理论含义。单词学习的计算模型提供了一种形式化的方法来分析假设生成和结构先验知识之间的关系,这可以潜在地解释新想法生成的某些方面的实证发现。
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引用次数: 0
Geographic Routing with Cross Links 地理路由与交叉链接
W. Zha, W. Ng
Geographic routing is promising in wireless sensor network because its efficiency and scalability. However, none of the proposed geographic routing algorithms has been implemented in real sensor network application yet. The standard model for geographic routing represents sensor network by an textit{Unit Disk Graph} (UDG), where each sensor node is assumed with the same communication radius. Then, a planar graph is extracted from UDG to perform geographic routing. In practice, however, the standard model may not hold true due to radio disturbance caused by environmental factors. Violating this assumption may result in an incomplete planarization. Delivery on an incomplete planarized graph is not guaranteed. In this paper, we explore how exactly incomplete planarization leads to delivery failure and introduce an algorithm to solve this problem. Experimental results confirm the correctness of our algorithm.
地理路由以其高效性和可扩展性在无线传感器网络中具有广阔的应用前景。然而,所提出的地理路由算法尚未在传感器网络的实际应用中实现。地理路由的标准模型通过textit{单元磁盘图(Unit Disk Graph}, UDG)表示传感器网络,其中假设每个传感器节点具有相同的通信半径。然后,从UDG中提取平面图形进行地理路由。然而,在实际应用中,由于环境因素引起的无线电干扰,标准模型可能不成立。违反这一假设可能导致不完全平面化。不能保证在不完全平面化图上交付。在本文中,我们探讨了不完全平面化是如何导致交付失败的,并引入了一种算法来解决这一问题。实验结果证实了算法的正确性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2012 Seventh International Conference on Knowledge, Information and Creativity Support Systems
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