{"title":"Remarques sur le De Excidio attribué à Gildas","authors":"P. Grosjean","doi":"10.3406/alma.1955.2374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/alma.1955.2374","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309817,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121324205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The terms excerpted from Czech medieval sources that are listed and explained in Latinitatis medii aevi lexicon Bohemorum include a considerable number of names for domestic, field, forest, and exotic animals. The main source of this Latin zoological terminology is the Glossary by the 14th-century lexicographer Bartholomaeus de Solencia also known as Claretus. The author collected the names of animals mainly from the encyclopaedia De natura rerum written by the 13th-century preacher Thomas of Cantimpré. Apart from more or less well-known terms which are attested already in the Classical Latin and whose origins and meanings have been studied and traced by modern scholars, it is possible to find in Claretus and Thomas of Cantimpré other expressions that still lack a proper explanation of their etymology and meaning. One of these is the bird name incendula (incedula in Claretus) which Thomas found in a copy of Latin version of Aristotle’s Historia animalium, translated by Michael Scotus around 1220 from Arabic. In the Arabic and Latin translation of Aristotle’s treatise, the original information about the bird – the crow or the rook – and about its antagonism with the eagle owl remained basically unchanged, but the original Greek name took a circuitous route to medieval Latin. In the Arabic version the Greek term κορώνη in the relevant passage was four times translated as ġudāf. In Benedikt K. Vollmann’s edition of Scotus’ Latin translation, however, the passage contains two different equivalents of the Arabic word : firstly it is translated as incendula and in three other cases one finds its translation as corvus. The study deals with the question why Michael Scotus used two different words when translating the name of the owl’s rival, and whether the first instance of ġudāf was originally replaced by incendula which still remains to be fully explained, or by the Classical Latin term monedula, „ jackdaw“, which occurs as variant reading in later manuscripts.
摘自捷克中世纪语源的术语在《波西米亚语库》中列出并解释，其中包括相当数量的家畜、田野、森林和外来动物的名称。这个拉丁动物学术语的主要来源是14世纪词典编纂者Bartholomaeus de Solencia(也被称为Claretus)的词汇表。作者收集的动物名称主要来自13世纪传教士托马斯(Thomas of cantimpruire)撰写的百科全书《自然》(encyclopadia De natura rerum)。除了在古典拉丁语中或多或少为人所熟知的术语，现代学者已经研究和追溯了这些术语的起源和含义，在克拉雷图斯和坎廷的托马斯的作品中，我们可以找到其他仍然缺乏对其词源和含义的适当解释的表达。其中之一就是鸟的名字incendula (Claretus中的incedula)，托马斯在亚里士多德的《动物历史》的拉丁文版本中发现了这个名字，这本书是由迈克尔·斯科特斯在1220年左右从阿拉伯语翻译过来的。在亚里士多德论文的阿拉伯语和拉丁语译本中，关于乌鸦或白头鸦的原始信息以及它与鹰鸮的对抗基本保持不变，但原始的希腊名称曲折地演变为中世纪拉丁语。在阿拉伯语版本中，相关段落中的希腊词语κορώνη被四次翻译为ġudāf。然而，在本尼迪克特·k·沃尔曼(Benedikt K. Vollmann)版本的司各特的拉丁语译本中，这段话包含了两个不同的阿拉伯语词汇:首先，它被翻译为incendula，在另外三种情况下，人们发现它被翻译为corvus。这项研究涉及的问题是，为什么迈克尔·斯科特斯在翻译猫头鹰竞争对手的名字时使用了两个不同的词，以及ġudāf的第一个例子最初是被incendula(至今仍未完全解释)取代，还是被古典拉丁语术语monedula(“jackdaw”)取代，后者在后来的手稿中作为变体阅读出现。
{"title":"Incendula or monedula ? An Enigmatic Bird Name in Medieval Latin-Written Sources","authors":"Hana Šedinová","doi":"10.3406/alma.2016.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/alma.2016.1198","url":null,"abstract":"The terms excerpted from Czech medieval sources that are listed and explained in Latinitatis medii aevi lexicon Bohemorum include a considerable number of names for domestic, field, forest, and exotic animals. The main source of this Latin zoological terminology is the Glossary by the 14th-century lexicographer Bartholomaeus de Solencia also known as Claretus. The author collected the names of animals mainly from the encyclopaedia De natura rerum written by the 13th-century preacher Thomas of Cantimpré. Apart from more or less well-known terms which are attested already in the Classical Latin and whose origins and meanings have been studied and traced by modern scholars, it is possible to find in Claretus and Thomas of Cantimpré other expressions that still lack a proper explanation of their etymology and meaning. One of these is the bird name incendula (incedula in Claretus) which Thomas found in a copy of Latin version of Aristotle’s Historia animalium, translated by Michael Scotus around 1220 from Arabic. In the Arabic and Latin translation of Aristotle’s treatise, the original information about the bird – the crow or the rook – and about its antagonism with the eagle owl remained basically unchanged, but the original Greek name took a circuitous route to medieval Latin. In the Arabic version the Greek term κορώνη in the relevant passage was four times translated as ġudāf. In Benedikt K. Vollmann’s edition of Scotus’ Latin translation, however, the passage contains two different equivalents of the Arabic word : firstly it is translated as incendula and in three other cases one finds its translation as corvus. The study deals with the question why Michael Scotus used two different words when translating the name of the owl’s rival, and whether the first instance of ġudāf was originally replaced by incendula which still remains to be fully explained, or by the Classical Latin term monedula, „ jackdaw“, which occurs as variant reading in later manuscripts.","PeriodicalId":309817,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi","volume":"441 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Osservazioni sui lemmi sincerus e sinceritas nei testi patristici e medievali","authors":"E. Portalupi","doi":"10.3406/alma.2001.1899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/alma.2001.1899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309817,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127687797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le Graecismus d'Evrard de Béthune et sa glose","authors":"A. Grondeux","doi":"10.3406/alma.1990.1633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/alma.1990.1633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309817,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126217632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zum Gebrauche von aut = haud und von tamen im Latein der Lex Salica","authors":"E. Goldmann","doi":"10.3406/alma.1937.2205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3406/alma.1937.2205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":309817,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Latinitatis Medii Aevi","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126409220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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