Michael Braun, S. Weiser, Bastian Pfleging, Florian Alt
Advances in sensing technology enable the emotional state of car drivers to be captured and interfaces to be built that respond to these emotions. To evaluate such emotion-aware interfaces, researchers need to evoke certain emotional states within participants. Emotion elicitation in driving studies poses a challenge as the driving task can interfere with the elicitation task. Induced emotions also lose intensity with time and through secondary tasks. This is why we have analyzed different emotion elicitation techniques for their suitability in automotive research and compared the most promising approaches in a user study. We recommend using autobiographical recollection to induce emotions in driving studies, and suggest a way to prolong emotional states with music playback. We discuss experiences from a a driving simulator study, including solutions for addressing potential privacy issues.
{"title":"A Comparison of Emotion Elicitation Methods for Affective Driving Studies","authors":"Michael Braun, S. Weiser, Bastian Pfleging, Florian Alt","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3265945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265945","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in sensing technology enable the emotional state of car drivers to be captured and interfaces to be built that respond to these emotions. To evaluate such emotion-aware interfaces, researchers need to evoke certain emotional states within participants. Emotion elicitation in driving studies poses a challenge as the driving task can interfere with the elicitation task. Induced emotions also lose intensity with time and through secondary tasks. This is why we have analyzed different emotion elicitation techniques for their suitability in automotive research and compared the most promising approaches in a user study. We recommend using autobiographical recollection to induce emotions in driving studies, and suggest a way to prolong emotional states with music playback. We discuss experiences from a a driving simulator study, including solutions for addressing potential privacy issues.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"32 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120905811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna-Katharina Frison, A. Riener, M. Jeon, Bastian Pfleging, Ignacio J. Alvarez
Automated driving systems (ADS), especially in higher levels of automation, seem to be the new focus of innovation regarding future mobility. Technological achievements of traveling automation open up new challenges for road traffic. Existing automotive research focuses on problem solving and observational approaches including users and their imagination of the future of mobility to analyze acceptance and user experience of "incremental" (step-wised improved) innovations. On the other hand, "radical" (something new, enabled by technology or meaning change) innovations extensively increase product quality leaping over incremental innovation. This workshop aims to challenge the current research approaches to automated driving against "trying to improve sitting in a horse carriage" and discuss how we can design "radical" innovations for ADS beyond the "horse carriage". Within this interactive workshop, we will utilize a design thinking approach to refocus on underlying problems that ADSs originally aim to solve and generate ideas for radical innovations.
{"title":"Workshop on Designing Highly Automated Driving Systems as Radical Innovation","authors":"Anna-Katharina Frison, A. Riener, M. Jeon, Bastian Pfleging, Ignacio J. Alvarez","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3239097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3239097","url":null,"abstract":"Automated driving systems (ADS), especially in higher levels of automation, seem to be the new focus of innovation regarding future mobility. Technological achievements of traveling automation open up new challenges for road traffic. Existing automotive research focuses on problem solving and observational approaches including users and their imagination of the future of mobility to analyze acceptance and user experience of \"incremental\" (step-wised improved) innovations. On the other hand, \"radical\" (something new, enabled by technology or meaning change) innovations extensively increase product quality leaping over incremental innovation. This workshop aims to challenge the current research approaches to automated driving against \"trying to improve sitting in a horse carriage\" and discuss how we can design \"radical\" innovations for ADS beyond the \"horse carriage\". Within this interactive workshop, we will utilize a design thinking approach to refocus on underlying problems that ADSs originally aim to solve and generate ideas for radical innovations.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127656350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shabnam Haghzare, Jennifer L. Campos, Alex Mihailidis
While Fully Automated Vehicles (FAVs) have the potential to significantly expand older adults' access to mobility, limited research has focused on older adults' perceptions of such technology. The current driving simulation-based study will investigate factors that may govern older adults' perceptions of FAVs with respect to trust, acceptability, and safety. Participants (65+) will experience scenarios of manual and fully automated driving in a high-fidelity driving simulator. Their perceptions of the FAV will be measured before and after the driving experiences using questionnaires. Physiological and behavioral data will also be collected throughout the driving sessions to investigate whether positive or negative perceptions of technology are associated with behavioral or physiological responses. In addition, driving performance and driving styles of participants will be captured during manual driving to investigate whether an alignment between an individual's driving style and the FAV driving style will lead to a more positive perception towards FAVs.
{"title":"Identifying the Factors Influencing Older Adults' Perceptions of Fully Automated Vehicles","authors":"Shabnam Haghzare, Jennifer L. Campos, Alex Mihailidis","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3265949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265949","url":null,"abstract":"While Fully Automated Vehicles (FAVs) have the potential to significantly expand older adults' access to mobility, limited research has focused on older adults' perceptions of such technology. The current driving simulation-based study will investigate factors that may govern older adults' perceptions of FAVs with respect to trust, acceptability, and safety. Participants (65+) will experience scenarios of manual and fully automated driving in a high-fidelity driving simulator. Their perceptions of the FAV will be measured before and after the driving experiences using questionnaires. Physiological and behavioral data will also be collected throughout the driving sessions to investigate whether positive or negative perceptions of technology are associated with behavioral or physiological responses. In addition, driving performance and driving styles of participants will be captured during manual driving to investigate whether an alignment between an individual's driving style and the FAV driving style will lead to a more positive perception towards FAVs.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117161284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We foresee conversational driver assistants playing a crucial role in automated driving interactions. In this video we present a study of user interactions with an in-vehicle agent, "Theo", under SAE Level 4 automated driving. We use a remote Wizard-of-Oz setup where participants, sitting in a driving simulator, experience real-life video footage transmitted from a vehicle in the neighborhood and interact with Theo to instruct the vehicle where to go. We configured Theo to present 3 levels of conversational abilities (terse, verbose and helpful). We show the results of 9 participants tasked to negotiate destinations and route changes. Voice interaction was reported as preferred means of communication with Theo. There was a clear preference for talkative assistants which were perceived more responsive and intelligent. We highlight challenging interactions for users such as vehicle maneuvers in parking areas and specifying drop off points and interesting associations between the agent performance and the automated vehicle abilities.
{"title":"Theo, take a right ... uh ... left: Conversational Route Negotiations with Autonomous Driving Assistants","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3267414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3267414","url":null,"abstract":"We foresee conversational driver assistants playing a crucial role in automated driving interactions. In this video we present a study of user interactions with an in-vehicle agent, \"Theo\", under SAE Level 4 automated driving. We use a remote Wizard-of-Oz setup where participants, sitting in a driving simulator, experience real-life video footage transmitted from a vehicle in the neighborhood and interact with Theo to instruct the vehicle where to go. We configured Theo to present 3 levels of conversational abilities (terse, verbose and helpful). We show the results of 9 participants tasked to negotiate destinations and route changes. Voice interaction was reported as preferred means of communication with Theo. There was a clear preference for talkative assistants which were perceived more responsive and intelligent. We highlight challenging interactions for users such as vehicle maneuvers in parking areas and specifying drop off points and interesting associations between the agent performance and the automated vehicle abilities.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127243597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3239092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126878697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scribble is a haptic Human Machine Interface (HMI) that utilizes a drawing interaction to steer a semi-autonomous vehicle. The interface uses a display and a haptic pointing device that enables the driver to draw a path which represents the vehicle's future trajectory. The objective of Scribble is to blur the lines between who is in control and proposes a more 'muddy' form of interaction where higher decision making is performed by the human operator, whilst the machine manages more mundane driving tasks such as lane keeping and managing speed. We present a fully interactive desktop-based demo that includes a 3D simulation environment for highway driving. The interface has been tested in an elaborate simulation study in collaboration with the Mercedes-Benz Advanced Digital Design team at Daimler AG, Sindelfingen, Germany. The contents of this document describe: the Scribble concept, system setup, demo setup, and contribution.
{"title":"Scribble Your Way Through Traffic","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3267849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3267849","url":null,"abstract":"Scribble is a haptic Human Machine Interface (HMI) that utilizes a drawing interaction to steer a semi-autonomous vehicle. The interface uses a display and a haptic pointing device that enables the driver to draw a path which represents the vehicle's future trajectory. The objective of Scribble is to blur the lines between who is in control and proposes a more 'muddy' form of interaction where higher decision making is performed by the human operator, whilst the machine manages more mundane driving tasks such as lane keeping and managing speed. We present a fully interactive desktop-based demo that includes a 3D simulation environment for highway driving. The interface has been tested in an elaborate simulation study in collaboration with the Mercedes-Benz Advanced Digital Design team at Daimler AG, Sindelfingen, Germany. The contents of this document describe: the Scribble concept, system setup, demo setup, and contribution.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131551307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Kunze, S. Summerskill, R. Marshall, A. Filtness
Recent findings have indicated that the communication of uncertainties is a promising approach for overcoming human factors challenges associated with overtrust issues. The existing approaches, however, are limited in that they require operators to monitor the instrument cluster to perceive changes. As a consequence, significant changes may be missed and operators are regularly interrupted in the execution of non-driving related tasks even if the system is performing well. To overcome this, unobtrusive interfaces are required that are only interruptive if needed. This paper presents a lab-based study aiming at the preliminary evaluation of haptic variables for communicating automation uncertainties using a haptic vehicle seat. The initial results indicate that particularly increases in amplitude as well as a rhythm consisting of long vibrations separated by short breaks are well suited for communicating the exceedance of specified uncertainty thresholds. The communication of decreases in uncertainty using vibration cannot be recommended.
{"title":"Preliminary Evaluation of Variables for Communicating Uncertainties Using a Haptic Seat","authors":"Alexander Kunze, S. Summerskill, R. Marshall, A. Filtness","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3265959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265959","url":null,"abstract":"Recent findings have indicated that the communication of uncertainties is a promising approach for overcoming human factors challenges associated with overtrust issues. The existing approaches, however, are limited in that they require operators to monitor the instrument cluster to perceive changes. As a consequence, significant changes may be missed and operators are regularly interrupted in the execution of non-driving related tasks even if the system is performing well. To overcome this, unobtrusive interfaces are required that are only interruptive if needed. This paper presents a lab-based study aiming at the preliminary evaluation of haptic variables for communicating automation uncertainties using a haptic vehicle seat. The initial results indicate that particularly increases in amplitude as well as a rhythm consisting of long vibrations separated by short breaks are well suited for communicating the exceedance of specified uncertainty thresholds. The communication of decreases in uncertainty using vibration cannot be recommended.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132326456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the sharing-economy, users do not necessarily own a car but use commercial services to rent a car according to their needs, requirements, and liking. To provide the best driving experience and safety, it is necessary that they understand the car and its functionality. Assuming that future vehicles will facilitate mostly screens for information presentation, a possible way to foster this understanding is by remote user-controlled dashboard personalization. By that, users can design a layout according to their individual preferences prior to the drive and by that, use a familiar looking dashboard. Main contributions of this work are (1) first design guidelines for mobile applications allowing personalization of dashboards and (2) information on users views regarding dashboard personalization. Results of a design workshop with usability experts and a follow-up usability study show that user-controlled personalization has potential and our design guidelines provide a valid foundation for future research.
{"title":"personalDash: First Steps Towards User-controlled Personalization of 3D Dashboards with Mobile Devices","authors":"Christine Haupt, Florian Weidner, W. Broll","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3265952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265952","url":null,"abstract":"In the sharing-economy, users do not necessarily own a car but use commercial services to rent a car according to their needs, requirements, and liking. To provide the best driving experience and safety, it is necessary that they understand the car and its functionality. Assuming that future vehicles will facilitate mostly screens for information presentation, a possible way to foster this understanding is by remote user-controlled dashboard personalization. By that, users can design a layout according to their individual preferences prior to the drive and by that, use a familiar looking dashboard. Main contributions of this work are (1) first design guidelines for mobile applications allowing personalization of dashboards and (2) information on users views regarding dashboard personalization. Results of a design workshop with usability experts and a follow-up usability study show that user-controlled personalization has potential and our design guidelines provide a valid foundation for future research.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115371646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
By discovering unconscious ritualistic actions in everyday driving such as preparing for the morning commute, we seek design opportunities to help people achieve critical emotional transitions such as moving from an anxious state to relief. We have gathered and analysed data from workshops and phone interviews from a variety of vehicle and public transport users to capture these key ritualistic scenarios and map their emotional transitions. Design ideation is used to generate concepts for improving the in-vehicle user experience through redesign of vehicle layout, environment and analogue and digital interfaces. We report a set of human-centred design approaches that allow us to study the details of action, objects, people, emotions and meaning for typical car users which are indispensable for designing driving experiences and are often overlooked by the car design process.
{"title":"Defining Ritualistic Driver and Passenger Behaviour to Inform In-Vehicle Experiences","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3265944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265944","url":null,"abstract":"By discovering unconscious ritualistic actions in everyday driving such as preparing for the morning commute, we seek design opportunities to help people achieve critical emotional transitions such as moving from an anxious state to relief. We have gathered and analysed data from workshops and phone interviews from a variety of vehicle and public transport users to capture these key ritualistic scenarios and map their emotional transitions. Design ideation is used to generate concepts for improving the in-vehicle user experience through redesign of vehicle layout, environment and analogue and digital interfaces. We report a set of human-centred design approaches that allow us to study the details of action, objects, people, emotions and meaning for typical car users which are indispensable for designing driving experiences and are often overlooked by the car design process.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127227393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byungsoo Kim, Sharon M. B. Joines, Russell Flinchum, Jing Feng
The purpose of this project was to understand the difficulties encountered in the proper placement of secondary controls on an automotive instrument panel while driving a rented car on a short-term basis, such as provided through a service such as Zip Car. Suggested interaction design guidelines for designing a sharing-friendly car were the outcome. The results of the project suggest the most common contemporary control locations and interaction types should be used to improve usability. A summary of the guidelines is provided at the end of the video.
{"title":"Car Interaction Design for Car-Sharing Systems","authors":"Byungsoo Kim, Sharon M. B. Joines, Russell Flinchum, Jing Feng","doi":"10.1145/3239092.3267104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3267104","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this project was to understand the difficulties encountered in the proper placement of secondary controls on an automotive instrument panel while driving a rented car on a short-term basis, such as provided through a service such as Zip Car. Suggested interaction design guidelines for designing a sharing-friendly car were the outcome. The results of the project suggest the most common contemporary control locations and interaction types should be used to improve usability. A summary of the guidelines is provided at the end of the video.","PeriodicalId":313474,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124724921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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