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2005 IEEE Design Symposium, Systems and Information Engineering最新文献

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Transportation safety and risk assessment 运输安全与风险评估
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193238
D. D Brown, J. R. Drake, J. T. Mulligan, W. Murray, S. Williamson, T. Trainor
The overall objective of this work is to create and test a military application of a transportation safety assessment tool for industry. The industry tool, the Fleet Operations Safety Assessment Tool (FOSAT) is being refined and is scheduled for implementation by an insurance company. The same process for evaluating safety in industry can aid the military in assessing and improving safety practices in ground transportation operations. Data generated from testing the military application will be used to develop methods for forecasting improvements in safety performance metrics. The test results will also be used by the insurance industry to refine the FOSAT.
这项工作的总体目标是创建和测试工业运输安全评估工具的军事应用。该行业工具——船队作业安全评估工具(FOSAT)正在完善中,并计划由一家保险公司实施。评估工业安全的同样过程可以帮助军方评估和改进地面运输业务的安全实践。从测试军事应用中产生的数据将用于开发预测安全性能指标改进的方法。测试结果也将被保险行业用于改进FOSAT。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing efficiency of the development of user models 提高用户模型开发效率
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193242
Geoffrey P. Morgan, S. Haynes, Frank E. Ritter, Mark A Cohen
This paper introduces Herbal, a high-level behavior representation language for creating AI agents and cognitive models. It describes the lessons from other high-level modeling languages that informed the design of Herbal and that will inform other high-level behavior representation languages. We describe a model built in Herbal to illustrate its use and application. The paper concludes that languages like Herbal can help explain the design intent of intelligent agents and cognitive models, and make them easier to create, modify, and understand. These results appear to be particularly true where the model reuses a lot of its own structures.
本文介绍了草本语言,这是一种用于创建人工智能代理和认知模型的高级行为表示语言。它描述了来自其他高级建模语言的经验教训,这些经验教训为草本的设计提供了指导,并将为其他高级行为表示语言提供指导。我们描述了在Herbal中构建的一个模型来说明它的使用和应用。本文的结论是,像Herbal这样的语言可以帮助解释智能代理和认知模型的设计意图,并使它们更容易创建、修改和理解。这些结果在模型重用大量自身结构的情况下显得尤其正确。
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引用次数: 15
Analyzing public procurement practices: a case study (Columbia) 公共采购实践分析:案例研究(哥伦比亚)
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193275
A. Costantino, J. Dybała, N. Janakiraman, J. OToole, N. F. Smith
Expenditures on public procurement the purchases of goods, services, and public works by governments and public utilities, typically constitute between ten and twenty percent of a country's gross domestic product. Therefore, it is critical to ensure that the best practices are being implemented by government agencies. This paper is comprised of two parts. In the first part we present the results of a characterization of litigation associated with procurement contracts disputes involving the Colombian government. This characterization, obtained using a logistic regression, enables us to provide recommendations on the appropriate contract structure to decrease the likelihood of litigation. In the second half of this project, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to assess the efficiency of the public school system under a concession organization (i.e. operated by private parties). The analysis sheds light on the effectiveness of the concession scheme as an alternative to publicly managed and operated schools.
公共采购支出,即政府和公用事业购买商品、服务和公共工程的支出,通常占一个国家国内生产总值的10%到20%。因此,确保政府机构实施最佳实践是至关重要的。本文由两部分组成。在第一部分中,我们提出了与涉及哥伦比亚政府的采购合同纠纷相关的诉讼特征的结果。使用逻辑回归获得的这一特征,使我们能够就适当的合同结构提供建议,以减少诉讼的可能性。在这个项目的后半部分,使用数据包络分析(DEA)来评估特许组织(即由私人经营)下公立学校系统的效率。该分析揭示了特许经营计划作为公共管理和经营学校的另一种选择的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Infrastructure analysis system (IAS) 基础设施分析系统(IAS)
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193236
Y.M. Ashparie, O. Bashorun, G. Koch, G. R. Siegel, P. Stoyanov
The Senior Policy Group, advisors to managers of the National Capital Region (DC, MD, VA) needs a decision aid tool to help in appropriating critical infrastructure protection funds. The proposed system is designed to work with data from energy, water, and healthcare sectors. The system addresses the combined problem of network degradation, and analysis. The system will also provide planning and capital budgeting guidance for government and sector authorities. Currently the Senior Policy Group does not have a comprehensive method for allocating resources. The areas with the highest concentration of infrastructure and sector relationships are most critical to the region. Infrastructure networks are dependent on each other. Network analysis and a graphical user interface are essential elements of the proposed system design. This paper discusses the design process associated with each component of the system. The combined system of inter-related networks will have been modeled and simulated to provide inputs to the decision analysis process required for capital budgeting. This paper presents the results of a prototype to evaluate critical infrastructure.
高级政策小组是国家首都地区(DC、MD、VA)管理人员的顾问,需要一个决策辅助工具来帮助拨出关键基础设施保护资金。该系统旨在处理来自能源、水和医疗保健部门的数据。该系统解决了网络退化和分析的综合问题。该系统还将为政府和部门当局提供规划和资本预算指导。目前,高级政策小组没有一个全面的资源分配方法。基础设施和部门关系最集中的地区对该地区最为关键。基础设施网络相互依赖。网络分析和图形用户界面是提出的系统设计的基本要素。本文讨论了系统各组成部分的设计过程。将对相互关联的网络组合系统进行建模和模拟,以便为资本预算所需的决策分析过程提供投入。本文介绍了一个用于评估关键基础设施的原型的结果。
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引用次数: 4
Northrop Grumman Newport news breakdown cost impact 诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司纽波特新闻分解成本影响
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193277
C. Chang, M. Colacurcio, R. Summers, V. Lam
NGNN had issued the need for a method to analyze machine breakdown costs. Factors such as delay time, bottlenecks, and machine malfunction were evaluated. These issues are unavoidable aspects that result from a company that operates at such a high level. The senior design team at Virginia Tech took on the project and has developed a method to assess these problems. Using industrial engineering processes, the task was to design an algorithm that predicted the breakdown cost given a set downtime. In order to properly develop the algorithm, known and unknown variables had to be computed. Probabilities were calculated to determine how and with what chance the machine breakdown would occur in a given year. With both probabilities and variables known, the algorithm formulated not only met the specified scope but also expanded on its capabilities.
NGNN提出需要一种分析机器故障成本的方法。对延迟时间、瓶颈和机器故障等因素进行了评估。这些问题是一个公司在如此高的水平上运营所不可避免的。弗吉尼亚理工大学的高级设计团队承担了这个项目,并开发了一种评估这些问题的方法。使用工业工程流程,任务是设计一种算法,在给定停机时间的情况下预测故障成本。为了正确地开发算法,必须计算已知和未知变量。计算概率是为了确定机器在某一年发生故障的方式和几率。在概率和变量都已知的情况下,所制定的算法不仅满足了规定的范围,而且扩展了算法的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the economic efficiency of utility computing auction using a simulation model 利用仿真模型评价效用计算拍卖的经济效益
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193253
Sin Siong Teo
Utility computing was a pilot program started by IBM two years ago. It uses computer network to link service providers and customers allowing customers to conduct their computer applications online. The technology aims to provide customer a cost efficient way of conducting their computer application without the need to purchase computer software. Customers conduct their computer application using vendors' platform paying for whatever they consume. With its implementation. IBM discovered that they have to deal with the problem of insufficient buffer space when customer traffic is high and under utilized buffer space when customer traffic is low. The irregularity of customer traffic makes it impossible for vendors to price their resources cheaply and therefore less desirable to the customers. The proposed solution is to sell utility computing through an auctioneer where vendors come together to bid for the customers. The auctioneer allocates customers to the vendor with the lowest bid. Using an auctioneer to conduct transactions, it was hypothesized that resources will be efficiently utilized and prices will be significantly lower. To test the hypothesis, two simulation models were created to depict two systems, one in the presence of an auctioneer another without. Using specified indicators to measure the quality of the system, the project discovers that an auctioneer improves efficiency through better resource management. The results obtained showed that consumer and producer surplus increase insignificantly in an auction. Further analysis showed utility computing auction is also capable of serving a larger population.
效用计算是IBM两年前启动的一个试点项目。它使用计算机网络连接服务提供商和客户,允许客户在线进行计算机应用。该技术旨在为客户提供一种经济有效的方式来进行他们的计算机应用,而无需购买计算机软件。客户使用供应商的平台来管理他们的计算机应用程序,为他们消费的任何东西付费。随着它的实施。IBM发现,当客户流量高时,他们必须处理缓冲区空间不足的问题,而当客户流量低时,缓冲区空间利用率不足的问题。客户流量的不规则性使得供应商不可能对他们的资源进行廉价定价,从而降低了客户的需求。建议的解决方案是通过拍卖商出售效用计算,供应商聚集在一起为客户竞标。拍卖师将客户分配给出价最低的卖主。利用拍卖师进行交易,假设资源将得到有效利用,价格将显著降低。为了验证这一假设,研究人员创建了两个模拟模型来描述两个系统,一个有拍卖师在场,另一个没有。使用指定的指标来衡量系统的质量,项目发现拍卖商通过更好的资源管理提高了效率。结果表明,在一次拍卖中,消费者剩余和生产者剩余增加不显著。进一步的分析表明,效用计算拍卖也能够服务于更大的人群。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the patient load on the hospitals in a metropolitan area 某大都市地区医院病人负荷分析
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193260
B. Tawney
This research documents the patient load trends on the Richmond metropolitan hospitals. The work is based on applying systems and information engineering analyses to data that hospitals routinely collect and store for billing their patients. The research is motivated by two recent events in the Richmond VA metropolitan area. On January 9, 2001 and on January 8, 2003, all of the metropolitan hospitals reached their maximum patient capacity in rapid succession. During these events, patients inbound via ambulance or rescue squad to a hospital that was full were diverted to a hospital with remaining capacity. Patient data for 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003 for metropolitan Richmond hospitals are analyzed to characterize the patient load on these hospitals. This type of data analysis has not been reported previously in the literature.
本研究记录了里士满大都会医院的病人负荷趋势。这项工作的基础是将系统和信息工程分析应用于医院例行收集和存储的数据,以便为患者计费。这项研究的动机是弗吉尼亚州里士满大都会地区最近发生的两件事。2001年1月9日和2003年1月8日,所有的大城市医院迅速连续达到其最大病人容量。在这些事件中,通过救护车或救援队进入医院的患者被转移到剩余容量的医院。分析了2000年、2001年、2002年和2003年列治文大都会医院的患者数据,以表征这些医院的患者负荷。这种类型的数据分析在以前的文献中没有报道过。
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引用次数: 3
Volvo air flow analysis 沃尔沃气流分析
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193239
P. Boyd, W. Hackett, E. Kwan, K. Løver
The purpose of this project was to determine the current climate conditions of the Volvo plant located in Dublin, Virginia. Since no air conditioning was installed in the plant the employees become uncomfortable while they work. Fans were located sporadically around the plant to alleviate this problem. Critical areas within the plant needed to be identified to begin to address this problem. A critical area was defined as any area with temperatures between 68 and 77 degrees, 77 and 85 degrees, and above 85 degrees. These classifications were chosen based on established guidelines. To determine the critical areas, a subjective analysis, employee surveys, and objective analysis, temperature data and fan location, was conducted. The results showed that most plant was classified as a critical area. However, the limitations of this project did not allow for a full analysis of the plant, specifically the summer months, which were the most problematic.
该项目的目的是确定位于弗吉尼亚州都柏林的沃尔沃工厂的当前气候条件。由于工厂没有安装空调,员工在工作时感到不舒服。为了缓解这个问题,工厂周围零星地安装了风扇。需要确定核电站内的关键区域,以开始解决这个问题。临界区域被定义为温度在68至77度之间、77至85度之间以及85度以上的任何区域。这些分类是根据既定的指导方针选择的。为了确定关键区域,进行了主观分析,员工调查和客观分析,温度数据和风扇位置。结果表明,大部分植物被划分为临界区。然而,这个项目的局限性不允许对工厂进行全面的分析,特别是夏季,这是最成问题的。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation and redesign of product and service delivery processes 评估和重新设计产品和服务交付流程
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193244
B. Alba, C. Callaway, K. Wade, S. Stashwick
The Citizen's Telephone Cooperative in Floyd Co, VA is interested in supplying the most advanced technology to its customers and providing high quality customer service. As they expand, evaluations and improvement of their work practices and processes is crucial to stay competitive. The process of installing and initiating phone and/or DSL service to new customers without existing facilities or utilities was examined and redesigned. After establishment of the existing process state, process time data was collected and incorporated. Using this tool opportunities to make improvements were identified and vetted. The recommended improvements should reduce the average new customer (no facilities) viewed lead time for service initiation from 11 days to 7. days. The cross-department working group responsible for vetting work improvements and implementation ideas was imbued with a new appreciation for the importance and power of a systems perspective in creating change.
弗吉尼亚州Floyd Co .的Citizen’s Telephone Cooperative致力于为客户提供最先进的技术,并提供高质量的客户服务。随着它们的扩展,对其工作实践和流程的评估和改进对于保持竞争力至关重要。检查和重新设计了在没有现有设施或公用设施的情况下为新客户安装和启动电话和/或DSL服务的过程。在建立现有工艺状态后,收集工艺时间数据并进行合并。使用该工具进行改进的机会被识别和审查。建议的改进应将新客户(无设施)的平均服务启动前置时间从11天减少到7天。天。负责审查工作改进和实施想法的跨部门工作组被灌输了对创建变更的系统视角的重要性和力量的新认识。
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引用次数: 0
Regional transportation operations collaboration and coordination demonstration initiative 区域运输业务协作与协调示范倡议
Pub Date : 2005-04-29 DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS.2005.193247
K. Guttridge, L. Koehler, L. Tabas, M. Villadelgado, L. Vogt, M. Evans, W. Scherer, M. Smith
In an effort to stimulate greater emphasis on Transportation Systems Management & Operations (TSM&O), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is sponsoring projects in three metropolitan areas to demonstrate development and implementation of a regional concept of transportation operations (RCTO). The RCTO requires regional collaboration of multiple entities - local and state governments, departments of transportation, police and rescue squads, etc. n order to accomplish various objectives that are beneficial to regional transportation operators and transportation system users in the metropolitan areas. The University of Virginia, working as part of a team led by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), is supporting the FHWA by assisting in evaluating the success of these demonstration projects and providing assistance to the demonstration project participants as they seek to develop their RCTO through regional collaboration and coordination. More specifically, the team assisted FHWA by reviewing and commenting on demonstration applications and in designing and developing metrics and a score-card to assess the extent to which the demonstration projects achieve their objectives.
为了促进对运输系统管理和运营(TSM&O)的重视,联邦公路管理局(FHWA)正在三个大都市地区赞助项目,以展示区域运输运营概念(RCTO)的发展和实施。RCTO需要多个实体的区域合作——地方和州政府、交通部门、警察和救援队等,以实现有利于区域运输运营商和大都市地区运输系统用户的各种目标。弗吉尼亚大学作为科学应用国际公司(SAIC)领导的团队的一部分,通过协助评估这些示范项目的成功,并在示范项目参与者寻求通过区域合作和协调发展RCTO时向他们提供援助,为FHWA提供支持。更具体地说,小组协助消防局审查和评论示范申请,并设计和制定指标和计分卡,以评估示范项目达到目标的程度。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2005 IEEE Design Symposium, Systems and Information Engineering
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